R. Ramanan, V. Munikrishnan, A. Venkataramanan, S. Swain, Kaveripattu Sathiyamurthy Sunilkumar, Vadanika Venu, M. Hariharan, Mohammad Zehran Saipillai, A. Ahamed
Abstract Background Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is the gold standard for local staging of rectal cancer. Advanced computed tomography (CT) machines are now capable of high-resolution images of rectal cancer and utilized for CT perfusion. The possibility of local staging of rectal cancer by CT needs to be explored. Purpose The aim of the study is to evaluate accuracy of high-resolution CT for local rectal cancer staging. Methods A high-resolution CT was performed for local staging of rectal cancer in our study group of 93 patients, where 64 underwent primary surgery and 29 underwent surgery post neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy (NACRT). Results In differentiating stages T2-and-less than T2 from T3–T4 rectal cancer, accuracy, sensitivity, specificity, and kappa score in overall patients were 91%, 87%, 94%, and 0.8; in primary surgery group were 89%, 76%, 94%, and 0.7; in NACRT group were 97%, 100%, 94%, and 0.9; in low rectal group were 94%, 89%, 97%, and 0.82, respectively. Conclusion High resolution CT is an accurate tool for local staging of rectal cancer.
{"title":"Accuracy of High Resolution Multidetector Computed Tomography in the Local Staging of Rectal Cancer","authors":"R. Ramanan, V. Munikrishnan, A. Venkataramanan, S. Swain, Kaveripattu Sathiyamurthy Sunilkumar, Vadanika Venu, M. Hariharan, Mohammad Zehran Saipillai, A. Ahamed","doi":"10.1055/s-0041-1726662","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0041-1726662","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Background Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is the gold standard for local staging of rectal cancer. Advanced computed tomography (CT) machines are now capable of high-resolution images of rectal cancer and utilized for CT perfusion. The possibility of local staging of rectal cancer by CT needs to be explored. Purpose The aim of the study is to evaluate accuracy of high-resolution CT for local rectal cancer staging. Methods A high-resolution CT was performed for local staging of rectal cancer in our study group of 93 patients, where 64 underwent primary surgery and 29 underwent surgery post neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy (NACRT). Results In differentiating stages T2-and-less than T2 from T3–T4 rectal cancer, accuracy, sensitivity, specificity, and kappa score in overall patients were 91%, 87%, 94%, and 0.8; in primary surgery group were 89%, 76%, 94%, and 0.7; in NACRT group were 97%, 100%, 94%, and 0.9; in low rectal group were 94%, 89%, 97%, and 0.82, respectively. Conclusion High resolution CT is an accurate tool for local staging of rectal cancer.","PeriodicalId":52666,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Gastrointestinal and Abdominal Radiology","volume":"17 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-04-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81174607","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
S. Prasad, R. K. R. Singh, P. Chaturvedi, Vivek Singh
Abstract Mesentery is an uncommon location for occurrence of lymphatic malformations. Lymphatic malformations causing midgut volvulus are described in pediatric population; however, it is a rare presentation in adults. We present case of 20-year-old man with a large mesenteric lymphatic malformation who presented with acute abdominal complaints. On radiological work up, the lymphatic malformation was seen causing midgut volvulus and closed loop small bowel obstruction with the presence of classical whirlpool sign. The patient underwent emergency surgery and the lymphatic malformation was completely excised along with resection of a segment of small bowel loop.
{"title":"Mesenteric Lymphatic Malformation Causing Midgut Volvulus in an Adult: An Unusual Presentation","authors":"S. Prasad, R. K. R. Singh, P. Chaturvedi, Vivek Singh","doi":"10.1055/s-0041-1727581","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0041-1727581","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Mesentery is an uncommon location for occurrence of lymphatic malformations. Lymphatic malformations causing midgut volvulus are described in pediatric population; however, it is a rare presentation in adults. We present case of 20-year-old man with a large mesenteric lymphatic malformation who presented with acute abdominal complaints. On radiological work up, the lymphatic malformation was seen causing midgut volvulus and closed loop small bowel obstruction with the presence of classical whirlpool sign. The patient underwent emergency surgery and the lymphatic malformation was completely excised along with resection of a segment of small bowel loop.","PeriodicalId":52666,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Gastrointestinal and Abdominal Radiology","volume":"52 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-04-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76437078","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
DOI https://doi.org/ 10.1055/s-0041-1726656 ISSN 2581-9933 A 24-year-old male patient with a history of laparoscopic splenectomy presented to the outpatient clinic with pain and fullness in the left upper quadrant of the abdomen. Physical examination and laboratory results were unremarkable. Contrast-enhanced computed tomography (CT) showed aneurysm with a maximum diameter of 30 mm on the distal part of the tortuous splenic artery and splenic arteriovenous fistula and early opacification of the splenic vein (►Fig. 1A, B). Three-dimensional CT reconstruction revealed aneurysm and connection between the splenic artery and vein (►Fig. 1C). Aneurysm was interpreted in favor of pseudoaneurysm in the case with a splenectomy history. Splenic artery pseudoaneurysm with splenic arteriovenous fistula infrequently occurs as a complication of splenectomy. Rupture and portal hypertension are potential complications. This patient subsequently underwent endovascular intervention, treated with coil embolization, and has continued to do well on clinical follow-up visits.
DOI https://doi.org/ 10.1055/s-0041-1726656 ISSN 2581-9933一名24岁男性患者，有腹腔镜脾切除术病史，因左上腹疼痛和充盈来到门诊。体格检查和实验室检查结果无显著差异。CT增强扫描显示脾动脉弯曲远端动脉瘤直径最大30mm，脾动静脉瘘及脾静脉早期混浊。1A, B)。三维CT重建显示脾动脉和脾静脉之间存在动脉瘤和连接。1 c)。在有脾切除史的病例中，动脉瘤被解释为假性动脉瘤。脾动脉假性动脉瘤合并脾动静脉瘘作为脾切除术的并发症并不常见。破裂和门静脉高压是潜在的并发症。该患者随后接受了血管内介入治疗，线圈栓塞治疗，并在临床随访中继续表现良好。
{"title":"Splenic Arteriovenous Fistula with Pseudoaneurysm","authors":"Cagri Yurtsever, M. Ak","doi":"10.1055/S-0041-1726656","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1055/S-0041-1726656","url":null,"abstract":"DOI https://doi.org/ 10.1055/s-0041-1726656 ISSN 2581-9933 A 24-year-old male patient with a history of laparoscopic splenectomy presented to the outpatient clinic with pain and fullness in the left upper quadrant of the abdomen. Physical examination and laboratory results were unremarkable. Contrast-enhanced computed tomography (CT) showed aneurysm with a maximum diameter of 30 mm on the distal part of the tortuous splenic artery and splenic arteriovenous fistula and early opacification of the splenic vein (►Fig. 1A, B). Three-dimensional CT reconstruction revealed aneurysm and connection between the splenic artery and vein (►Fig. 1C). Aneurysm was interpreted in favor of pseudoaneurysm in the case with a splenectomy history. Splenic artery pseudoaneurysm with splenic arteriovenous fistula infrequently occurs as a complication of splenectomy. Rupture and portal hypertension are potential complications. This patient subsequently underwent endovascular intervention, treated with coil embolization, and has continued to do well on clinical follow-up visits.","PeriodicalId":52666,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Gastrointestinal and Abdominal Radiology","volume":"29 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-04-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84710110","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
R. Varatharajaperumal, Rupa Renganathan, V. Mangalakumar, S. Rajasekaran, V. Arunachalam
Abstract Urinoma is defined as the extravasation of urine from any part of the urinary collecting system, which causes lipolysis of the surrounding fat, resulting in an encapsulated collection. The most common cause of urinoma is the direct obstruction of the urinary system. The other etiologies include trauma and postinstrumentation/surgery. Parenchymal cause for spontaneous urinoma is exceedingly rare. We present a case of a 30-year-old gentleman who presented with lower abdominal pain and was treated with a Diclofenac injection. The pain got better temporarily, but he presented again with right loin pain after 3 days. His computed tomography scan images revealed bilateral perinephric urinoma. As there was significant deterioration of renal function, he underwent a renal biopsy. The histopathology was reported as acute interstitial nephritis (AIN). Drug-induced AIN is very rarely presented with acute loin or abdominal pain due to spontaneous perinephric urinoma, as it was seen in our case.
{"title":"Spontaneous Perinephric Urinoma Secondary to Drug Induced Acute Interstitial Nephritis: A Case Report","authors":"R. Varatharajaperumal, Rupa Renganathan, V. Mangalakumar, S. Rajasekaran, V. Arunachalam","doi":"10.1055/s-0041-1723924","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0041-1723924","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Urinoma is defined as the extravasation of urine from any part of the urinary collecting system, which causes lipolysis of the surrounding fat, resulting in an encapsulated collection. The most common cause of urinoma is the direct obstruction of the urinary system. The other etiologies include trauma and postinstrumentation/surgery. Parenchymal cause for spontaneous urinoma is exceedingly rare. We present a case of a 30-year-old gentleman who presented with lower abdominal pain and was treated with a Diclofenac injection. The pain got better temporarily, but he presented again with right loin pain after 3 days. His computed tomography scan images revealed bilateral perinephric urinoma. As there was significant deterioration of renal function, he underwent a renal biopsy. The histopathology was reported as acute interstitial nephritis (AIN). Drug-induced AIN is very rarely presented with acute loin or abdominal pain due to spontaneous perinephric urinoma, as it was seen in our case.","PeriodicalId":52666,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Gastrointestinal and Abdominal Radiology","volume":"60 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-03-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81801574","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract Gastric outlet obstruction is a pathophysiological entity characterized by mechanical impediment of gastric emptying, which may occur due to a variety of intrinsic or extrinsic causes affecting the antrum or pylorus or duodenum. The obstruction may be benign or malignant or secondary to a motility disorder. Imaging in gastric outlet obstruction identifies majority of these causes and may indirectly even point toward motility disorders. The advent of computed tomography imaging and its subsequent advances have allowed it to become the mainstay of evaluation of stomach, particularly in gastric outlet obstruction. In this pictorial review, a few causes of gastric outlet obstruction are exhibited.
{"title":"Gastric Outlet Obstruction in the Current Era–A Pictorial Review on Computed Tomography Imaging","authors":"A. Rastogi, Somesh Singh, Rajanikant R. Yadav","doi":"10.1055/s-0041-1725239","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0041-1725239","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Gastric outlet obstruction is a pathophysiological entity characterized by mechanical impediment of gastric emptying, which may occur due to a variety of intrinsic or extrinsic causes affecting the antrum or pylorus or duodenum. The obstruction may be benign or malignant or secondary to a motility disorder. Imaging in gastric outlet obstruction identifies majority of these causes and may indirectly even point toward motility disorders. The advent of computed tomography imaging and its subsequent advances have allowed it to become the mainstay of evaluation of stomach, particularly in gastric outlet obstruction. In this pictorial review, a few causes of gastric outlet obstruction are exhibited.","PeriodicalId":52666,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Gastrointestinal and Abdominal Radiology","volume":"22 1","pages":"139 - 148"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-03-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79326807","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Diva S. Shah, B. Prajapati, Kintan Sanghavi, Shubhda Kanhere, J. Kothari, Jignesh Dubal
Abstract Autoimmune pancreatitis (AIP) consists of two clinically histologically distinct forms (type I and II) of chronic pancreatitis that are histologically different. These forms of AIP classically respond to oral steroids. The focal form of AIP resembles pancreatic carcinoma both clinically and radiologically and it is of utmost importance to make an early correct diagnosis between these two diseases in order to identify the optimal therapeutic strategy and to avoid unnecessary laparotomy or pancreatic resection in AIP patients. Here we report focal forms of type I and II AIP with clinical and imaging features closely mimicking pancreatic carcinoma.
{"title":"Mass Mimicking Autoimmune Pancreatitis—A Report of Two Cases and Review of Literature","authors":"Diva S. Shah, B. Prajapati, Kintan Sanghavi, Shubhda Kanhere, J. Kothari, Jignesh Dubal","doi":"10.1055/s-0041-1722813","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0041-1722813","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Autoimmune pancreatitis (AIP) consists of two clinically histologically distinct forms (type I and II) of chronic pancreatitis that are histologically different. These forms of AIP classically respond to oral steroids. The focal form of AIP resembles pancreatic carcinoma both clinically and radiologically and it is of utmost importance to make an early correct diagnosis between these two diseases in order to identify the optimal therapeutic strategy and to avoid unnecessary laparotomy or pancreatic resection in AIP patients. Here we report focal forms of type I and II AIP with clinical and imaging features closely mimicking pancreatic carcinoma.","PeriodicalId":52666,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Gastrointestinal and Abdominal Radiology","volume":"15 1","pages":"154 - 160"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-03-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86580207","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
M. Nadeem, H. A. Tiwari, K. Jambhekar, H. Shah, Roopa Ram
Abstract The spleen is the largest lymphatic organ and is responsible for both hematological and immunological functions. Several common etiologies such as trauma, developmental variants, infectious/inflammatory conditions, and benign and malignant lesions can occur in the spleen. The role of imaging modalities such as ultrasound (US), computed tomography (CT), and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in diagnosing these conditions continues to evolve. The main objective of this review article is to illustrate the role of imaging in identifying the common and uncommon pathology of the spleen.
{"title":"Revisiting the Spleen—An Imaging Review of the Common and Uncommon Splenic Pathology","authors":"M. Nadeem, H. A. Tiwari, K. Jambhekar, H. Shah, Roopa Ram","doi":"10.1055/s-0040-1721626","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0040-1721626","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The spleen is the largest lymphatic organ and is responsible for both hematological and immunological functions. Several common etiologies such as trauma, developmental variants, infectious/inflammatory conditions, and benign and malignant lesions can occur in the spleen. The role of imaging modalities such as ultrasound (US), computed tomography (CT), and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in diagnosing these conditions continues to evolve. The main objective of this review article is to illustrate the role of imaging in identifying the common and uncommon pathology of the spleen.","PeriodicalId":52666,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Gastrointestinal and Abdominal Radiology","volume":"39 1","pages":"127 - 138"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-03-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77853099","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Radhika Batra, R. Gautam, A. Manchanda, D. Ghuliani
Abstract Gossypiboma is a rare condition caused by retention of a foreign body, most commonly surgical sponge following any surgical procedure. The patient may be asymptomatic, can present with vague symptoms, or rarely with acute symptoms depending on the location of the foreign body and the complications associated with it; thus it may be difficult to diagnose this condition. A 30-year-old woman presented to our hospital with complaints of lump and mild pain on both sides of the lower abdomen for 3 months following caesarean section which was performed in a rural hospital. Ultrasound and computed tomography findings along with the classical history helped in arriving at the diagnosis of two gossypibomas in lower abdomen, one in each flank which was further confirmed on laparotomy.
{"title":"A Case of Two Abdominal Gossypibomas in a Patient: A Rare Case Report","authors":"Radhika Batra, R. Gautam, A. Manchanda, D. Ghuliani","doi":"10.1055/s-0041-1723925","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0041-1723925","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Gossypiboma is a rare condition caused by retention of a foreign body, most commonly surgical sponge following any surgical procedure. The patient may be asymptomatic, can present with vague symptoms, or rarely with acute symptoms depending on the location of the foreign body and the complications associated with it; thus it may be difficult to diagnose this condition. A 30-year-old woman presented to our hospital with complaints of lump and mild pain on both sides of the lower abdomen for 3 months following caesarean section which was performed in a rural hospital. Ultrasound and computed tomography findings along with the classical history helped in arriving at the diagnosis of two gossypibomas in lower abdomen, one in each flank which was further confirmed on laparotomy.","PeriodicalId":52666,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Gastrointestinal and Abdominal Radiology","volume":"30 1","pages":"161 - 165"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-03-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90344434","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Bhavana Girishekar, S. Rawat, R. Ananthasivan, Pramesh Reddy, Pooja G. Patil, Kavya S. Kaushik
Abstract According to the World Health Organization, obesity has reached epidemic proportions globally, with at least 2.8 million people dying each year as a result of being overweight or obese. Bariatric surgery is being increasingly used as a form of treatment, particularly in those patients where lifestyle modifications are deemed insufficient. With the role of radiologists transitioning from a medical to a surgical evaluation in obesity, it is becoming increasingly important to familiarize oneself with the various imaging techniques used in the preoperative and postsurgical evaluation in such cases. This article aims to review the various surgeries performed, their normal imaging appearance, and the various complications that could be encountered.
{"title":"Role of Imaging in Bariatric Surgery: A Review of the Various Surgical Techniques and Their Complications","authors":"Bhavana Girishekar, S. Rawat, R. Ananthasivan, Pramesh Reddy, Pooja G. Patil, Kavya S. Kaushik","doi":"10.1055/s-0041-1725240","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0041-1725240","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract According to the World Health Organization, obesity has reached epidemic proportions globally, with at least 2.8 million people dying each year as a result of being overweight or obese. Bariatric surgery is being increasingly used as a form of treatment, particularly in those patients where lifestyle modifications are deemed insufficient. With the role of radiologists transitioning from a medical to a surgical evaluation in obesity, it is becoming increasingly important to familiarize oneself with the various imaging techniques used in the preoperative and postsurgical evaluation in such cases. This article aims to review the various surgeries performed, their normal imaging appearance, and the various complications that could be encountered.","PeriodicalId":52666,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Gastrointestinal and Abdominal Radiology","volume":"68 1","pages":"109 - 126"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-03-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78252671","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract Accurate preoperative nodal staging is critical in determining the appropriate therapy and prognosis for stomach cancer. A staging computed tomography should inform the treating surgeon about the nodal burden to decide the appropriate surgical plan or perioperative chemotherapy. Nodal staging is also a powerful predictor of the outcome of surgery and overall survival. Imaging of nodes is also important in the assessment of response following the chemotherapy. In this article, we will discuss lymphatic drainage of stomach and different nodal stations, identification of nodal stations on cross sectional imaging, and different types of surgical nodal clearance for gastric cancer.
{"title":"Lymph Node Mapping in Gastric Carcinoma","authors":"Pulkit Maru, Bipradas Roy, S. Sen, A. Chatterjee","doi":"10.1055/s-0040-1722795","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0040-1722795","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Accurate preoperative nodal staging is critical in determining the appropriate therapy and prognosis for stomach cancer. A staging computed tomography should inform the treating surgeon about the nodal burden to decide the appropriate surgical plan or perioperative chemotherapy. Nodal staging is also a powerful predictor of the outcome of surgery and overall survival. Imaging of nodes is also important in the assessment of response following the chemotherapy. In this article, we will discuss lymphatic drainage of stomach and different nodal stations, identification of nodal stations on cross sectional imaging, and different types of surgical nodal clearance for gastric cancer.","PeriodicalId":52666,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Gastrointestinal and Abdominal Radiology","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-03-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74908151","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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