Nurul Titi Marie, Prawita Meidy Handayani, Samti Wira Wibawati
Tensions between the United States and China intensify globally, particularly in Southeast Asia. Therefore, ASEAN countries should re-assess the ties between these two great powers, both within the ASEAN region and with external counterparts. Given the strategic value of the region, Southeast Asia has become the venue for strategic competition between the United States and China over the past decade. Therefore, rowing the ASEAN's boat among the two gigantic reefs in the ocean requires ASEAN resilience as a Community to overcome the current and future challenges. Potential conflicts intra-ASEAN could be entry points for major powers to weaken ASEAN's unity. The study aims to analyze the most suitable approach for ASEAN regionally to deal with the challenges and to meet the expectations for a sustainable ASEAN Community and assess whether ASEAN's orientation in maintaining neutrality against major powers remains suitable to serve the strategic interests of the member states in the current environment. In this regard, a qualitative method and concepts of Amalgamated Security Community and Pluralistic Security Community are applied to analyze the study. The results of the study show realistic calculation can never be overlooked to preserve sustainable common strategic interests for the member states, which include economic growth on the one hand, and stable regional peace on the other hand. In this regard, “a manageable United States-China rivalry” by a solid ASEAN Pluralistic Security Community in the region guarantees more sustainability of national strategic interests for its member states and ASEAN.
{"title":"Quo Vadis ASEAN Security Amidst the United States-China Rivalry in the Southeast Asia Region","authors":"Nurul Titi Marie, Prawita Meidy Handayani, Samti Wira Wibawati","doi":"10.33172/jp.v9i1.1905","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33172/jp.v9i1.1905","url":null,"abstract":"Tensions between the United States and China intensify globally, particularly in Southeast Asia. Therefore, ASEAN countries should re-assess the ties between these two great powers, both within the ASEAN region and with external counterparts. Given the strategic value of the region, Southeast Asia has become the venue for strategic competition between the United States and China over the past decade. Therefore, rowing the ASEAN's boat among the two gigantic reefs in the ocean requires ASEAN resilience as a Community to overcome the current and future challenges. Potential conflicts intra-ASEAN could be entry points for major powers to weaken ASEAN's unity. The study aims to analyze the most suitable approach for ASEAN regionally to deal with the challenges and to meet the expectations for a sustainable ASEAN Community and assess whether ASEAN's orientation in maintaining neutrality against major powers remains suitable to serve the strategic interests of the member states in the current environment. In this regard, a qualitative method and concepts of Amalgamated Security Community and Pluralistic Security Community are applied to analyze the study. The results of the study show realistic calculation can never be overlooked to preserve sustainable common strategic interests for the member states, which include economic growth on the one hand, and stable regional peace on the other hand. In this regard, “a manageable United States-China rivalry” by a solid ASEAN Pluralistic Security Community in the region guarantees more sustainability of national strategic interests for its member states and ASEAN.","PeriodicalId":52819,"journal":{"name":"Jurnal Pertahanan Media Informasi tentang Kajian dan Strategi Pertahanan yang Mengedepankan Identity Nasionalism Integrity","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84675802","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Bintang Ramadhan Yusuf Khadafi, S. Salahudin, Gonda Yumitro
Defense diplomacy has further developed into a new form of diplomacy in international relations, which is supported by various forms of technology and also the development of social media. This research study aims to explore how this new form of diplomacy shapes international relations more broadly, as well as to determine whether defense diplomacy effectively promotes cooperation and stability among states in the context of security and defense. Then find the challenges and opportunities of defense diplomacy in the modern era. The research used mixed methods research by analyzing 244 scientific articles based on the Scopus database, Google Sholar, and Web of Science. In addition, this research also analyzed the data obtained from the VOSviewer tool. This study reveals that defense diplomacy has emerged in various forms of diplomacy, also defense diplomacy affects interactions of international relations and influences the construction of norms, identities, and interests in the international system. In terms of norms, defense diplomacy can help promote international norms related to security and defense, such as human rights and international law. In terms of identity, defense diplomacy can shape national identity in terms of defense and security. In terms of interests, defense diplomacy can influence national interests and security through cooperation in defense and reaching regional and international security agreements. Defense diplomacy brings changes in the form of building cooperation, reducing tensions, improving defense capabilities, and promoting human rights principles and international law. Through defense diplomacy, countries can strengthen international cooperation in security and defense and build strong relationships between countries. In the long run, this can help reduce tensions between countries and promote stability around the world.
国防外交已经进一步发展成为国际关系中的一种新的外交形式，它得到了各种技术形式的支持，也得到了社交媒体的发展。本研究旨在探讨这种新的外交形式如何更广泛地影响国际关系，以及确定国防外交是否在安全和国防背景下有效促进国家间的合作与稳定。然后找出当代国防外交面临的挑战和机遇。此次研究以Scopus数据库、Google Sholar、Web of Science为基础，对244篇科学论文进行了综合分析。此外，本研究还对VOSviewer工具获得的数据进行了分析。研究表明，国防外交以多种外交形式出现，国防外交影响着国际关系的互动，影响着国际体系中规范、身份和利益的构建。在规范方面，国防外交有助于促进与安全与国防有关的国际规范，如人权和国际法。在认同方面，国防外交可以塑造国防和安全方面的国家认同。在利益方面，国防外交可以通过国防合作和达成地区和国际安全协议来影响国家利益和安全。国防外交带来了合作形式的变化，缓和了紧张局势，提高了防御能力，促进了人权原则和国际法。通过国防外交，各国可以加强国际安全与防务合作，建立牢固的国家间关系。从长远来看，这有助于减少国家间的紧张关系，促进世界各地的稳定。
{"title":"The Art of Defense Diplomacy: How New Forms of Diplomacy are Shaping International Relations","authors":"Bintang Ramadhan Yusuf Khadafi, S. Salahudin, Gonda Yumitro","doi":"10.33172/jp.v9i1.2465","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33172/jp.v9i1.2465","url":null,"abstract":"Defense diplomacy has further developed into a new form of diplomacy in international relations, which is supported by various forms of technology and also the development of social media. This research study aims to explore how this new form of diplomacy shapes international relations more broadly, as well as to determine whether defense diplomacy effectively promotes cooperation and stability among states in the context of security and defense. Then find the challenges and opportunities of defense diplomacy in the modern era. The research used mixed methods research by analyzing 244 scientific articles based on the Scopus database, Google Sholar, and Web of Science. In addition, this research also analyzed the data obtained from the VOSviewer tool. This study reveals that defense diplomacy has emerged in various forms of diplomacy, also defense diplomacy affects interactions of international relations and influences the construction of norms, identities, and interests in the international system. In terms of norms, defense diplomacy can help promote international norms related to security and defense, such as human rights and international law. In terms of identity, defense diplomacy can shape national identity in terms of defense and security. In terms of interests, defense diplomacy can influence national interests and security through cooperation in defense and reaching regional and international security agreements. Defense diplomacy brings changes in the form of building cooperation, reducing tensions, improving defense capabilities, and promoting human rights principles and international law. Through defense diplomacy, countries can strengthen international cooperation in security and defense and build strong relationships between countries. In the long run, this can help reduce tensions between countries and promote stability around the world.","PeriodicalId":52819,"journal":{"name":"Jurnal Pertahanan Media Informasi tentang Kajian dan Strategi Pertahanan yang Mengedepankan Identity Nasionalism Integrity","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76122937","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Maritime patrols are necessary because Indonesia is vulnerable to maritime threats and disturbances. Patrols are not optimally covered the sea and the regulations are not comprehensive to be synergy guidelines. This article discusses how to synergize effective and efficient patrols at the six maritime security institutions, and finally reduce the level of threats and disturbances to maritime security. This article uses qualitative methods and synergy models, interviews were conducted with informants from six maritime security institutions. Various elements of the patrol require collaboration consisting of personnel, assets, and ideas from various institutions. The advantages of an institution that should be utilized together include the size of the budget or assets, personnel militancy, social patrols, targeting patrols, aerial monitoring, and shipping court mechanisms. Trust exists from long-standing interactions to see competence and integrity, not by coercion of regulations. Leaders must meet all the criteria for leaders, both those who want strong criteria and those who want accountability or integrity or can accept criticism. Maritime patrol synergy is formed by the interaction of collaboration, engagement, trust components, and leadership support to ensure the synergy runs.
{"title":"Synergy Among the Indonesia Maritime Security Institutions in Conducting Maritime Patrol","authors":"Haidul Firman Sitorus, Budiman Djoko Said","doi":"10.33172/jp.v9i1.7890","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33172/jp.v9i1.7890","url":null,"abstract":"Maritime patrols are necessary because Indonesia is vulnerable to maritime threats and disturbances. Patrols are not optimally covered the sea and the regulations are not comprehensive to be synergy guidelines. This article discusses how to synergize effective and efficient patrols at the six maritime security institutions, and finally reduce the level of threats and disturbances to maritime security. This article uses qualitative methods and synergy models, interviews were conducted with informants from six maritime security institutions. Various elements of the patrol require collaboration consisting of personnel, assets, and ideas from various institutions. The advantages of an institution that should be utilized together include the size of the budget or assets, personnel militancy, social patrols, targeting patrols, aerial monitoring, and shipping court mechanisms. Trust exists from long-standing interactions to see competence and integrity, not by coercion of regulations. Leaders must meet all the criteria for leaders, both those who want strong criteria and those who want accountability or integrity or can accept criticism. Maritime patrol synergy is formed by the interaction of collaboration, engagement, trust components, and leadership support to ensure the synergy runs.","PeriodicalId":52819,"journal":{"name":"Jurnal Pertahanan Media Informasi tentang Kajian dan Strategi Pertahanan yang Mengedepankan Identity Nasionalism Integrity","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84108117","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This study explores Indonesia's defense policy in the current era of great power competition. Great Power Competition (GPC) is the term used to describe hegemony and sphere of influence rivalries between the global powers to exercise their influence and alter the global security constellation for their national interests. The current GPC is dominated by the U.S., China, and Russia, while other nations of the world are trying to find their position within the spectrum of power dynamics towards the global powers by either bandwagoning, balancing, or even hedging. Southeast Asia’s power dynamics are mostly bipolar between the U.S. and China and shape the regional countries' defense policies. As a leading country in the Southeast Asia region, Indonesia is the middle power in the international power constellation and intends to further step up on the power hierarchy. This study aims to highlight the possible formulation of Indonesia's defense policy amidst the GPC era. The study proposes a formulation of Indonesia's defense posture with a qualitative analytical approach based on Mahnken's theory of competitive strategies that is suitable within the spectrum of current power dynamics and appropriate within the national interest framework of foreign policy while weighing both leverage points and dilemmatic challenges. The analysis uses survey data from well-known institutes along with complementary literature interpretation. In conclusion, the article provides a comprehensive finding that Indonesia, like the rest of the nations in the region, prefers balanced relations with the great powers, along with several suggestions on considering the propensity of inward-looking military capabilities, diplomatic competence, and an out-of-sync relationship between domestic politics and foreign policy in formulating defense policy.
{"title":"Indonesia’s Defense Policy in the Great Power Competition Era","authors":"B. Jatmiko","doi":"10.33172/jp.v9i1.1276","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33172/jp.v9i1.1276","url":null,"abstract":"This study explores Indonesia's defense policy in the current era of great power competition. Great Power Competition (GPC) is the term used to describe hegemony and sphere of influence rivalries between the global powers to exercise their influence and alter the global security constellation for their national interests. The current GPC is dominated by the U.S., China, and Russia, while other nations of the world are trying to find their position within the spectrum of power dynamics towards the global powers by either bandwagoning, balancing, or even hedging. Southeast Asia’s power dynamics are mostly bipolar between the U.S. and China and shape the regional countries' defense policies. As a leading country in the Southeast Asia region, Indonesia is the middle power in the international power constellation and intends to further step up on the power hierarchy. This study aims to highlight the possible formulation of Indonesia's defense policy amidst the GPC era. The study proposes a formulation of Indonesia's defense posture with a qualitative analytical approach based on Mahnken's theory of competitive strategies that is suitable within the spectrum of current power dynamics and appropriate within the national interest framework of foreign policy while weighing both leverage points and dilemmatic challenges. The analysis uses survey data from well-known institutes along with complementary literature interpretation. In conclusion, the article provides a comprehensive finding that Indonesia, like the rest of the nations in the region, prefers balanced relations with the great powers, along with several suggestions on considering the propensity of inward-looking military capabilities, diplomatic competence, and an out-of-sync relationship between domestic politics and foreign policy in formulating defense policy.","PeriodicalId":52819,"journal":{"name":"Jurnal Pertahanan Media Informasi tentang Kajian dan Strategi Pertahanan yang Mengedepankan Identity Nasionalism Integrity","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77136104","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Fitry Taufiq Sahary, R. Mutaqin, Ghani Mutaqin, Dwi Shinta Dharmopadni
The development of a fast-moving and dynamic strategic environment has an impact on the increasing situation of tension between countries. The visible phenomenon is the atmosphere of increasing the strength of the Armed Forces in regional countries (Arms Race) which then makes the threat dimension increasingly multipolar. On the other hand, the regional security situation, especially in Indonesia, is characterized by an increase in terrorism activities and other dangerous additives (Drugs) into the country, and boundary disputes related to the struggle for the use of increasingly massive natural resources. Flowing from the development of the strategic environment that gave birth to the complexity of threats to the sovereignty and integrity of the Republic of Indonesia. The study objective of this research is to provide advice to the leadership of the TNI AD regarding the transformation of TNI AD personnel development. So that this research uses the method of direct observation of the field. Besides observation, this research also uses the literature study method. Based on research results, obtained research results in the form the Army's personnel development has not been able to answer the dynamics of the strategic environment, the nature of threats, and organizational needs. Thus, it is necessary to make arrangements, especially in the recruitment system, education, and career development.
{"title":"Transformation of Indonesian Army Personnel to Produce Experts Soldiers in the Field of Technology","authors":"Fitry Taufiq Sahary, R. Mutaqin, Ghani Mutaqin, Dwi Shinta Dharmopadni","doi":"10.33172/jp.v9i1.3264","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33172/jp.v9i1.3264","url":null,"abstract":"The development of a fast-moving and dynamic strategic environment has an impact on the increasing situation of tension between countries. The visible phenomenon is the atmosphere of increasing the strength of the Armed Forces in regional countries (Arms Race) which then makes the threat dimension increasingly multipolar. On the other hand, the regional security situation, especially in Indonesia, is characterized by an increase in terrorism activities and other dangerous additives (Drugs) into the country, and boundary disputes related to the struggle for the use of increasingly massive natural resources. Flowing from the development of the strategic environment that gave birth to the complexity of threats to the sovereignty and integrity of the Republic of Indonesia. The study objective of this research is to provide advice to the leadership of the TNI AD regarding the transformation of TNI AD personnel development. So that this research uses the method of direct observation of the field. Besides observation, this research also uses the literature study method. Based on research results, obtained research results in the form the Army's personnel development has not been able to answer the dynamics of the strategic environment, the nature of threats, and organizational needs. Thus, it is necessary to make arrangements, especially in the recruitment system, education, and career development. ","PeriodicalId":52819,"journal":{"name":"Jurnal Pertahanan Media Informasi tentang Kajian dan Strategi Pertahanan yang Mengedepankan Identity Nasionalism Integrity","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78297298","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This study aims to explain the role of the Yogyakarta City Government in forming the Community Early Warning Forum (Forum Kewaspadaan Dini Masyarakat or FKDM) in supporting the national defense. The city of Yogyakarta currently has various problems that, if not detected early on, will threaten Indonesia. To anticipate existing threats, the Yogyakarta City Government established the FKDM. The formation of FKDM in Yogyakarta is by the policies, strategies, and development of national defense capabilities listed in the Defense White Paper. So, FKDM plays an important role in supporting national defense and preventing threats. This study uses a qualitative method. The results of the study found that Yogyakarta City's FKDM has played a role in supporting national defense, namely by carrying out early vigilance even though in carrying out its role Yogyakarta City's FKDM has not been maximized because of its capabilities and capacity. Members of FKDM and classification of threats in a report format that is not by the non-military threats listed in the national defense posture book. Because Yogyakarta City FKDM has not been optimal in carrying out its role, it is necessary to classify the types of threats according to the national defense posture book; retraining members of Yogyakarta City FKDM as well as sub-district FKDM and village FKDM in Yogyakarta City regarding the forms of threats; to maximize the use of the Lapak Deni application, it is necessary to consider age when recruiting FKDM members; as well as the need for additional personnel from the teaching staff by the Regulation of the Minister of Home Affairs of the Republic of Indonesia Number 46 of 2019 concerning Amendments to Minister of Home Affairs Regulation Number 2 of 2018 concerning Early Alertness in the Regions, article 16 paragraph (3).
本研究旨在解释日惹市政府在组建社区预警论坛(Forum Kewaspadaan Dini Masyarakat或FKDM)中支持国防的作用。日惹市目前存在各种问题，如果不及早发现，将威胁到印尼。为了预测现有的威胁，日惹市政府成立了FKDM。日惹FKDM的形成是根据国防白皮书中列出的政策、战略和国防能力的发展。因此，FKDM在支持国防和防范威胁方面发挥着重要作用。本研究采用定性方法。研究结果发现，日惹市的FKDM在支持国防方面发挥了作用，即通过开展早期警戒，尽管在发挥其作用时，日惹市的FKDM由于其能力和能力而没有发挥最大作用。FKDM的成员和威胁分类报告格式，不是由国防态势书中列出的非军事威胁。由于日惹市FKDM在发挥其作用方面尚未达到最佳状态，因此有必要根据国防态势书对威胁类型进行分类;对日惹市FKDM成员以及日惹市分区FKDM和村庄FKDM成员进行关于威胁形式的再培训;为了最大限度地利用Lapak Deni应用程序，在招募FKDM会员时必须考虑年龄;以及根据2019年第46号印度尼西亚共和国内政部长条例(关于修订2018年第2号内政部长条例，涉及区域早期警觉性)第16条第(3)款，需要增加教学人员。
{"title":"The Role of the Yogyakarta Community Early Warning Forum in Supporting the National Defense","authors":"Daru Putri Kusumaningtyas, F. N. Isnaini","doi":"10.33172/jp.v9i1.3698","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33172/jp.v9i1.3698","url":null,"abstract":"This study aims to explain the role of the Yogyakarta City Government in forming the Community Early Warning Forum (Forum Kewaspadaan Dini Masyarakat or FKDM) in supporting the national defense. The city of Yogyakarta currently has various problems that, if not detected early on, will threaten Indonesia. To anticipate existing threats, the Yogyakarta City Government established the FKDM. The formation of FKDM in Yogyakarta is by the policies, strategies, and development of national defense capabilities listed in the Defense White Paper. So, FKDM plays an important role in supporting national defense and preventing threats. This study uses a qualitative method. The results of the study found that Yogyakarta City's FKDM has played a role in supporting national defense, namely by carrying out early vigilance even though in carrying out its role Yogyakarta City's FKDM has not been maximized because of its capabilities and capacity. Members of FKDM and classification of threats in a report format that is not by the non-military threats listed in the national defense posture book. Because Yogyakarta City FKDM has not been optimal in carrying out its role, it is necessary to classify the types of threats according to the national defense posture book; retraining members of Yogyakarta City FKDM as well as sub-district FKDM and village FKDM in Yogyakarta City regarding the forms of threats; to maximize the use of the Lapak Deni application, it is necessary to consider age when recruiting FKDM members; as well as the need for additional personnel from the teaching staff by the Regulation of the Minister of Home Affairs of the Republic of Indonesia Number 46 of 2019 concerning Amendments to Minister of Home Affairs Regulation Number 2 of 2018 concerning Early Alertness in the Regions, article 16 paragraph (3).","PeriodicalId":52819,"journal":{"name":"Jurnal Pertahanan Media Informasi tentang Kajian dan Strategi Pertahanan yang Mengedepankan Identity Nasionalism Integrity","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91184646","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Nadia Dian Ardita, S. G. Prakoso, Ferdian Ahya Al Putra, Arif Sulistiobudi, Randhi Satria
The development of security in the context of international politics and international relations has developed from time to time. Nowadays, the practice of security done by a country's government can be imbued with the advancement of technological innovation, dubbed cyber-influenced. Hence the term cyber-security is often used to indicate the association of information technology with security. The United States and China, as two competing big-power countries, also actively utilize cyber-security over the years. This article will describe the cyberwarfare between The United States and China, focusing from 2014 until 2022. A qualitative descriptive method is used, complemented by cyber security and state sovereignty concepts to analyze the case. Results indicate that both countries are involved in cyberwarfare based on defensive reasoning. The fact that both countries are referred to as great powers in international politics also complicates the case, as they have a high-tension nature of the relationship.
{"title":"Cyberwarfare between the United States and China 2014 -2022: in Retrospect","authors":"Nadia Dian Ardita, S. G. Prakoso, Ferdian Ahya Al Putra, Arif Sulistiobudi, Randhi Satria","doi":"10.33172/jp.v9i1.1869","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33172/jp.v9i1.1869","url":null,"abstract":"The development of security in the context of international politics and international relations has developed from time to time. Nowadays, the practice of security done by a country's government can be imbued with the advancement of technological innovation, dubbed cyber-influenced. Hence the term cyber-security is often used to indicate the association of information technology with security. The United States and China, as two competing big-power countries, also actively utilize cyber-security over the years. This article will describe the cyberwarfare between The United States and China, focusing from 2014 until 2022. A qualitative descriptive method is used, complemented by cyber security and state sovereignty concepts to analyze the case. Results indicate that both countries are involved in cyberwarfare based on defensive reasoning. The fact that both countries are referred to as great powers in international politics also complicates the case, as they have a high-tension nature of the relationship.","PeriodicalId":52819,"journal":{"name":"Jurnal Pertahanan Media Informasi tentang Kajian dan Strategi Pertahanan yang Mengedepankan Identity Nasionalism Integrity","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77739460","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Y. Kuntjoro, Achmad Abdurrazzaq, Dwi Rahayuningtiyas, Arifin Prayogo, Faris Alaudin Salih, Fulkan Kafilah Al Husein
The availability of electricity is crucial for the smooth operation and administration of any institution, including the Republic of Indonesia Defense University. This study aims to investigate the implementation of the Military Microgrid, an innovative concept developed to increase the development of renewable energy sources for defense agencies. The researchers employed a qualitative approach, conducting interviews and gathering data from various sources, including relevant laws and regulations. Implementing the Military Microgrid system at the Indonesia Defense University presents a practical and sustainable solution to meet the university's electricity demands while promoting environmental sustainability. The initiative aligns with the Indonesian government's renewable energy goals and can serve as a promising solution for other institutions to follow. This concept has facilitated the exploration of environmentally friendly energy sources from nature, such as solar, water, waste, and biomass. The Military Microgrid is an effective solution to meet the demand for electricity in defense agencies while promoting the use of renewable energy sources. The implementation of Law No. 23 of 2019 concerning the Management of National Defense Resources has provided a legal framework for developing and implementing this innovative concept. This study highlights the importance of exploring and utilizing renewable energy sources to meet the growing demand for electricity in institutions especially military and defense institutions.
{"title":"Optimization of Renewable Energy Sources in the Development of a Military Microgrid at Indonesia Defense University","authors":"Y. Kuntjoro, Achmad Abdurrazzaq, Dwi Rahayuningtiyas, Arifin Prayogo, Faris Alaudin Salih, Fulkan Kafilah Al Husein","doi":"10.33172/jp.v9i1.1935","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33172/jp.v9i1.1935","url":null,"abstract":"The availability of electricity is crucial for the smooth operation and administration of any institution, including the Republic of Indonesia Defense University. This study aims to investigate the implementation of the Military Microgrid, an innovative concept developed to increase the development of renewable energy sources for defense agencies. The researchers employed a qualitative approach, conducting interviews and gathering data from various sources, including relevant laws and regulations. Implementing the Military Microgrid system at the Indonesia Defense University presents a practical and sustainable solution to meet the university's electricity demands while promoting environmental sustainability. The initiative aligns with the Indonesian government's renewable energy goals and can serve as a promising solution for other institutions to follow. This concept has facilitated the exploration of environmentally friendly energy sources from nature, such as solar, water, waste, and biomass. The Military Microgrid is an effective solution to meet the demand for electricity in defense agencies while promoting the use of renewable energy sources. The implementation of Law No. 23 of 2019 concerning the Management of National Defense Resources has provided a legal framework for developing and implementing this innovative concept. This study highlights the importance of exploring and utilizing renewable energy sources to meet the growing demand for electricity in institutions especially military and defense institutions.","PeriodicalId":52819,"journal":{"name":"Jurnal Pertahanan Media Informasi tentang Kajian dan Strategi Pertahanan yang Mengedepankan Identity Nasionalism Integrity","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79328274","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Dion Rukmindar, Elies Fitriani, Inria Chandra, H. Tarigan, Wahyuningsih Djaali
Drug addiction is a social-cultural threat and has a serious impact on national defense. It is required a comprehensive approach as it would influence the quality of the next generation. Treatment for drug addicts is called the rehabilitation process and one of the stages is the detoxification process, where drug-class substances are removed from the addict's body. The current detoxification process uses pharmacological and non-pharmacological methods. Acupuncture through the NADA (National Acupuncture Detoxification Association) protocol can be a non-pharmacological approach to the drug detoxification process by overcoming the weakness of previous pharmacological and non-pharmacological therapies. This article is a narrative review from the last ten years published in PubMed, Embase, Google Scholar, and Elsevier. This literature review aims to study whether or not acupuncture is a beneficial therapy in the detoxification process in the rehabilitation of drug addicts proven with scientifically based evidence. This result then could become a consideration for stakeholders to make a standard protocol in the rehabilitation process for drug users in Indonesia. Based on the studies reviewed in this literature review, the NADA protocol is feasible to become a non-pharmacological approach in the rehabilitation of drug addicts. Additional research on the use of the NADA protocol is needed.
{"title":"The Effectiveness of Acupuncture Therapy in the Drug Addiction to Ward Off the Social Culture Threats","authors":"Dion Rukmindar, Elies Fitriani, Inria Chandra, H. Tarigan, Wahyuningsih Djaali","doi":"10.33172/jp.v9i1.1951","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33172/jp.v9i1.1951","url":null,"abstract":"Drug addiction is a social-cultural threat and has a serious impact on national defense. It is required a comprehensive approach as it would influence the quality of the next generation. Treatment for drug addicts is called the rehabilitation process and one of the stages is the detoxification process, where drug-class substances are removed from the addict's body. The current detoxification process uses pharmacological and non-pharmacological methods. Acupuncture through the NADA (National Acupuncture Detoxification Association) protocol can be a non-pharmacological approach to the drug detoxification process by overcoming the weakness of previous pharmacological and non-pharmacological therapies. This article is a narrative review from the last ten years published in PubMed, Embase, Google Scholar, and Elsevier. This literature review aims to study whether or not acupuncture is a beneficial therapy in the detoxification process in the rehabilitation of drug addicts proven with scientifically based evidence. This result then could become a consideration for stakeholders to make a standard protocol in the rehabilitation process for drug users in Indonesia. Based on the studies reviewed in this literature review, the NADA protocol is feasible to become a non-pharmacological approach in the rehabilitation of drug addicts. Additional research on the use of the NADA protocol is needed.","PeriodicalId":52819,"journal":{"name":"Jurnal Pertahanan Media Informasi tentang Kajian dan Strategi Pertahanan yang Mengedepankan Identity Nasionalism Integrity","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83735710","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This article focuses on analyzing the Asymmetric War carried out by the parties involved in the Syrian War. The actors analyzed were the state, the opposition, and the pro-revolutionary parties. With a qualitative approach, this study emphasizes content analysis methods. The framework of this research departs from the conflict in Syria which can be analyzed by the theory of Asymmetric Warfare by Rod Thornton and the theory of International Relations. The research results show that the conflict in Syria is part of Asymmetric Warfare, i.e. the support of military forces by foreign countries in the Syrian War conflict is urgently needed by each side (pro-revolutionary and pro-regime). In addition, viewed from international relations was a continuation of the Cold War launched by a great power country between Russia and the United States. It is therefore essential to undertake a thorough investigation of the current evolution of Modern War, particularly Asymmetric War.
{"title":"Overview of Asymmetric Warfare Strategy and International Relations in the Syrian War 2011","authors":"Haryanto Wibowo","doi":"10.33172/jp.v9i1.1693","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33172/jp.v9i1.1693","url":null,"abstract":"This article focuses on analyzing the Asymmetric War carried out by the parties involved in the Syrian War. The actors analyzed were the state, the opposition, and the pro-revolutionary parties. With a qualitative approach, this study emphasizes content analysis methods. The framework of this research departs from the conflict in Syria which can be analyzed by the theory of Asymmetric Warfare by Rod Thornton and the theory of International Relations. The research results show that the conflict in Syria is part of Asymmetric Warfare, i.e. the support of military forces by foreign countries in the Syrian War conflict is urgently needed by each side (pro-revolutionary and pro-regime). In addition, viewed from international relations was a continuation of the Cold War launched by a great power country between Russia and the United States. It is therefore essential to undertake a thorough investigation of the current evolution of Modern War, particularly Asymmetric War.","PeriodicalId":52819,"journal":{"name":"Jurnal Pertahanan Media Informasi tentang Kajian dan Strategi Pertahanan yang Mengedepankan Identity Nasionalism Integrity","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74289019","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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