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The informal economy and its impact on tax revenues and economic growth. The case of Peru, Latin America and OECD countries (1995 – 2016) 非正规经济及其对税收和经济增长的影响。秘鲁、拉丁美洲和经合组织国家的案例(1995 - 2016)
360
Pub Date : 2019-09-25 DOI: 10.18800/360GESTION.201904.005
G. Boitano, Deyvi Franco Abanto
espanolEl objetivo principal de la investigacion es determinar el tamano de la economia informal en Peru, America Latina y los paises de la OECD, asi como estimar el impacto de la economia informal en la recaudacion tributaria y el crecimiento economico. Para alcanzar el objetivo, la aproximacion se realiza a traves de modelos MIMIC. Los resultados principales muestran que el tamano promedio de la economia informal como porcentaje del PBI en el Peru es 37.4%, en los paises de America Latina es de 34%, y de 19.83% para los paises de la OECD; es decir, un poco menos de la mitad del promedio de America Latina. EnglishThe main goal of the research will be to determine the size of the informal economy in Peru, Latin America and OCDE countries as well as to estimate the impact of the informal economy on tax revenues and the economic growth. To achieve the goal, the approach is made through MIMIC (multiple-indicator and multiple-cause) model. The main results show that the estimated average size of the informal economy as a percentage of the GDP in Peru is 37.4%, in Latin America is 34%, and in OCDE countries is 19.83%, which represents less than half of the Latin America average.
西班牙这项研究的主要目的是确定秘鲁、拉丁美洲和经合组织国家非正规经济的规模,并估计非正规经济对税收和经济增长的影响。为了实现这一目标,通过模拟模型进行近似。主要结果表明,秘鲁非正规经济的平均规模占国内生产总值的37.4%,拉丁美洲国家为34%,经合组织国家为19.83%;也就是说,略低于拉丁美洲平均水平的一半。研究的主要目标将是确定秘鲁、拉丁美洲和经合组织国家非正规经济的规模,并估计非正规经济对税收和经济增长的影响。为了实现这一目标,该方法是通过模拟(多指标和多原因)模型实现的。主要结果表明,秘鲁非正规经济占国内生产总值的估计平均规模为37.4%,拉丁美洲为34%,经合组织国家为19.83%,不到拉丁美洲平均水平的一半。
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引用次数: 15
Gestión de la diversidad. El reto millennial en un grupo de organizaciones: ¿quiénes son, qué los motiva y cómo retenerlos? 多样性管理。千禧一代在一群组织中的挑战:他们是谁,是什么激励着他们,如何留住他们?
360
Pub Date : 2019-09-25 DOI: 10.18800/360GESTION.201904.003
D. Flores
This article aims to analyze the strategies and policies applicable to a group of professional millennials and how they represent a challenge for organizations. The  millennial Generation has requirements and expectations of their work centers that may be different from those currently offered. It is for this reason that the human resources areas must know about these expectations in order to achieve efficient retention of talent. The challenges and changes that will be demanded by the members of each generation in the future oblige us to rethink these issues, making necessary to promote strategies and policies that make the collaborators feel identified and loyal to the organization. In this context, the knowledge of the characteristics of the personnel is essential, so the identification of the generational groups that compose them is key to be able to formulate an adequate retention plan for each organization because, according to the generational theory, each generational group has different expectations and  characteristics.
本文旨在分析适用于千禧一代职业群体的策略和政策,以及他们如何对组织构成挑战。千禧一代对他们的工作中心的要求和期望可能与目前提供的不同。正是出于这个原因,人力资源部门必须了解这些期望,以便有效地留住人才。未来每一代成员所要求的挑战和变化迫使我们重新思考这些问题,有必要促进战略和政策,使合作者感到被认同和忠于组织。在这种情况下,对人员特征的了解是必不可少的,因此确定构成他们的代际群体是能够为每个组织制定适当的保留计划的关键,因为根据代际理论,每个代际群体都有不同的期望和特征。
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引用次数: 2
La gestión de la diversidad organizacional con una diversidad disciplinaria desde la perspectiva de la teoría institucional 制度理论视角下具有学科多样性的组织多样性管理
360
Pub Date : 2019-09-25 DOI: 10.18800/360gestion.201904.000
M. Espinoza
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引用次数: 0
¿Cómo innovan las fintech peruanas? Una aproximación a partir de un estudio de casos múltiple 秘鲁金融科技是如何创新的?来自多个案例研究的方法
360
Pub Date : 2019-09-25 DOI: 10.18800/360gestion.201904.002
Gianella Judith Palomino Barchi, V. Velasquez, Katharine Cledia Marcos Quispe, Jean Pierre Seclen Luna
Fintech is a type of startup with a disruptive business model that provides digital financial services. One of its main competitive advantages is that they continually  innovate, which is why the management of the resulting innovation relevant to them. In Peru, although the fintech ecosystem is growing, there are no empirical studies dealing with innovation in fintech. This article contributes to the knowledge of fintech and analyzes the management of its innovation processes by identifying key enablers and practices of the process. For this, a multiple case study of six fintech winners of the Startup Peru contest was carried out. The findings we have, due to the iterative and agile nature of fintech startups, some do not have a process of systematized innovation; however, there are key enablers and practices for managing the innovation process that allowthem to successfully launch new services to the market.
金融科技是一种具有颠覆性商业模式的初创公司,提供数字金融服务。其主要竞争优势之一是他们不断创新,这就是为什么管理由此产生的创新与他们相关。在秘鲁,虽然金融科技生态系统正在发展,但没有关于金融科技创新的实证研究。本文有助于了解金融科技,并通过确定关键因素和流程实践来分析其创新流程的管理。为此,对秘鲁创业大赛的六名金融科技获胜者进行了多案例研究。我们的发现是,由于金融科技初创公司的迭代性和敏捷性,有些公司没有系统化的创新过程;然而,管理创新过程有一些关键的推动因素和实践,使他们能够成功地向市场推出新服务。
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引用次数: 2
Contraste de un modelo de gestión del conocimiento en una universidad pública del centro de México 墨西哥中部一所公立大学的知识管理模式对比
360
Pub Date : 2019-01-01 DOI: 10.18800/360gestion.201904.004
C. García Lirios, Javier Carreón Guillén, Rosa María Rincón Ornelas, Eyder Bolívar Mojica, Arturo Sánchez Sánchez, Gilberto Bermúdez Ruíz
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引用次数: 2
Presentación
360
Pub Date : 2018-09-21 DOI: 10.18800/360gestion.201803.000
Levy del Aguila, Elizabeth Aylas Flórez
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引用次数: 0
期刊
360
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