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Evaluating the seagrass ecological condition and habitat extent in Karimunjawa National Park, Jepara Indonesia 评估印度尼西亚哲帕拉卡里蒙查瓦国家公园的海草生态状况和栖息地范围
Pub Date : 2024-01-03 DOI: 10.14710/jkt.v27i1.20637
Agus Kusnadi, L. Alifatri, Ardian Nurrasyid Chamidy, A. Rasyidin, Sobirin Sobirin
In the coastal ecosystem, seagrass meadows play a vital role in delivering ecosystem services such as provision, control, and support. However, this ecosystem is one of the most threatened in the coastal environment, and it has been degraded as a result of anthropogenic disturbance and rapid environmental changes. Furthermore, the extent of the seagrass meadows is unknown, and the health of the meadows is unmonitored and unrecorded. There is little information on the current state of the seagrass extent and health conditions in Karimunjawa National Park. We evaluate the abundance, states, and health conditions of the seagrass meadows based on the ecological quality index in Karimunjawa National Park, Jepara, Indonesia. This district has a vast extent of seagrass meadows but has been affected by the expansion of the industrial/tourism area within the region. This study aimed to assess the seagrass current condition based on the ecological quality index. The result showed that the total seagrass extent area in Karimunjawa National Park was 969,15 ha where seven species were found in this area, including Enhalus acoroides, Thalassia hemprichii, Cymodocea rotundata, Cymodocea serrulate, Halodule pinifolia, Halophila ovalis and Halodule uninervis. Seagrass meadow coverages were moderate and categorized as less healthy. The seagrass ecological quality index value was 0.66 which indicated that the seagrass condition in Karimunjawa National Park was moderate. Ecological factors that affect the seagrass state are epiphyte cover and macroalgal cover. 
在沿岸生态系统中,海草草甸在提供生态系统服务(如提供、控制和支持)方面发挥着至 关重要的作用。然而,该生态系统是沿海环境中最受威胁的生态系统之一,由于人为干扰和环境的快速变化,该生态系统已经退化。此外,海草草甸的范围尚不清楚,草甸的健康状况也没有得到监测和记录。有关卡里蒙查瓦国家公园海草范围和健康状况现状的信息很少。我们根据生态质量指数对印度尼西亚哲帕拉卡里蒙查瓦国家公园的海草丰度、状态和健康状况进行了评估。该地区拥有广阔的海草草甸,但受到该地区工业/旅游区扩张的影响。本研究旨在根据生态质量指数评估海草的现状。结果显示,卡里蒙查瓦国家公园的海草范围总面积为 969.15 公顷,其中发现了 7 个物种,包括 Enhalus acoroides、Thalassia hemprichii、Cymodocea rotundata、Cymodocea serrulate、Halodule pinifolia、Halophila ovalis 和 Halodule uninervis。海草草甸覆盖率为中等,被归类为不太健康。海草生态质量指数值为 0.66,表明卡里蒙加瓦国家公园的海草状况为中等。影响海草状况的生态因素是附生植物覆盖率和大型藻类覆盖率。
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引用次数: 0
Effects of seasonal variation on the characteristics of stranded marine debris within Rambut Island Wildlife Reserve, Indonesia 季节变化对印度尼西亚兰布特岛野生动物保护区内搁浅的海洋废弃物特征的影响
Pub Date : 2024-01-03 DOI: 10.14710/jkt.v27i1.20655
Lucky Rahman, N. Zamani, M. Ismet, Muhammad Reza Cordova
Monitoring and assessing the items stranded on shorelines is a crucial step in addressing the threat posed by marine debris to our ocean. The objective of this study is to examine the occurrence and categorize marine debris that accumulates on the beach and mangrove area of Pulau Rambut Wildlife Reserve from the transitional season 2 to the rainy season. The abundance of marine debris is significant in transitional season 2. There is no significant difference between different seasons. The dominant form of debris among all macrodebris categories during transitional season 2 was plastic, accounting for 46.38% of the total. Single-use plastics like styrofoam, shoes, sandals, gloves, plastic wrap, and plastic sachets were found to be the most common types of large-scale plastic debris, comprising 60% of total macroplastic debris. The debris found on Rambut Island is believed to originate from debris carried by rivers that flow into Jakarta Bay. The presence of seasonal winds, currents, waves, and tides further contribute to the accumulation of debris in this area.
监测和评估搁浅在海岸线上的物品是应对海洋废弃物对海洋造成的威胁的关键一步。本研究的目的是检查从过渡季节 2 到雨季期间在拉姆布岛野生动物保护区海滩和红树林区域堆积的海洋废弃物的发生情况并对其进行分类。在过渡季节 2,海洋废弃物的数量显著增加。不同季节之间没有明显差异。在过渡季 2 的所有大型废弃物类别中,最主要的废弃物形式是塑料,占总数的 46.38%。一次性塑料如泡沫塑料、鞋、凉鞋、手套、保鲜膜和塑料袋是最常见的大型塑料碎片,占大型塑料碎片总量的 60%。兰布特岛上发现的碎片据信来自流入雅加达湾的河流所携带的碎片。季节性风、洋流、海浪和潮汐的存在进一步加剧了该地区碎片的积累。
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引用次数: 0
Hubungan Ikan dengan Padang Lamun di Perairan Bangka Selatan, Kepulauan Bangka Belitung 邦加岛南邦加水域鱼类与海草的关系
Pub Date : 2024-01-03 DOI: 10.14710/jkt.v27i1.20953
Rapita Haptari, Siti Aisyah, Wahyu Adi, Arthur M Farhaby, Henri Henri, Jemi Ferizal, Okto Supratman
South Bangka Regency is one of the districts that has the potential for fish biodiversity in seagrass meadows when viewed from its area and diversity.  Seagrass beds are areas that have the potential to be conservation sites from an ecological point of view and represent the sustainability of fish resources. This study aims to determine the richness of fish species, fish composition, abundance, diversity, uniformity and dominating fish as well as the relationship of seagrass cover to the abundance and biomass of fish found in southern Bangka Waters.  The study will be conducted in southern Bangka Regency in June 2023 covering 4 stations. Seagrass data collection in the form of seagrass cover using the quadratic transect method and swept area method (sweep) in fish data collection. The results of the study from the four stations there were 243 individuals including 23 species of fish from 18 families namely Alosidae, Apogonidae, Chaetodontidae, Engraulidae, Gerreidae, Labridae, Lethrinidae, Pinguipedidae, Platycephalidae, Scorpaenidae, Siganidae, Sphyraenidae, Syngnathidae, Terapontidae, Ambassidae, Gobiidae, Monacanthidae and Leiognathidae. The highest fish species composition was found at station 4, namely Gerres limbatus by 32.51% with 79 individuals. The abundance value found was 822 ind/ha and fish diversity was categorized as medium, fish uniformity tended to be high and dominance index was low. The abundance and biomass of fish are influenced by the percentage of seagrass cover, where the higher the percentage value of seagrass cover, the higher the abundance value and biomass of fish in the area. Kabupaten Bangka Selatan merupakan salah satu kabupaten yang memiliki potensi biodiversitas ikan di padang lamun jika dilihat dari luasan dan keanekaragamannya.  Padang lamun adalah kawasan yang berpotensi sebagai tempat konservasi dilihat dari sudut pandang ekologis dan mewakili keberlanjutan sumber daya ikan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui kekayaan jenis ikan, komposisi ikan, kelimpahan, keanekaragaman, keseragaman dan ikan yang mendominasi serta hubungan tutupan lamun terhadap kelimpahan dan biomassa ikan yang ditemukan di Perairan Bangka bagian selatan.  Penelitian dilakukan di Kabupaten Bangka bagian selatan pada bulan Juni 2023 meliputi 4 stasiun. Pengambilan data lamun berupa tutupan lamun menggunakan metode transek kuadrat dan metode swept area (sapuan) pada pengambilan data ikan. Hasil penelitian dari keempat stasiun terdapat 243 individu mencakup 23 spesies ikan dari 18 famili yaitu Alosidae, Apogonidae, Chaetodontidae, Engraulidae, Gerreidae, Labridae, Lethrinidae, Pinguipedidae, Platycephalidae, Scorpaenidae, Siganidae, Sphyraenidae, Syngnathidae, Terapontidae, Ambassidae, Gobiidae, Monacanthidae dan Leiognathidae. Komposisi jenis ikan tertinggi terdapat pada stasiun 4 yaitu Gerres limbatus sebesar 32,51% dengan jumlah individu 79. Nilai kelimpahan yang ditemukan adalah 822 ind/ha dan keanekaragaman ikan dikategorikan sedang
从海草草甸的面积和多样性来看,南邦加地区是具有鱼类生物多样性潜力的地区之一。 从生态学角度来看,海草床是有潜力成为保护地的区域,代表着鱼类资源的可持续性。本研究旨在确定鱼类物种的丰富程度、鱼类组成、丰度、多样性、均匀性和主要鱼类,以及海草覆盖率与邦加南部水域鱼类丰度和生物量的关系。 这项研究将于 2023 年 6 月在邦卡县南部进行,覆盖 4 个站点。海草数据收集的形式为使用二次横断面法收集海草覆盖率,鱼类数据收集的形式为扫面积法(扫)。第 4 站的鱼类物种组成最高,为 Gerres limbatus,占 32.51%,共 79 尾。鱼类丰度值为 822 尾/公顷,鱼类多样性为中等,鱼类均匀度较高,优势指数较低。鱼类的丰度和生物量受海草覆盖率的影响,海草覆盖率越高,该地区鱼类的丰度值和生物量也越高。邦加雪兰莪州是一个拥有巨大生物多样性潜力的州。 槟榔屿是一个具有潜力的地区,它是一个保护区,既能保护生态环境,又能保护野生动物。该项目旨在帮助人们在邦加岛的岛屿上建立起岛屿管理、岛屿组成、岛屿管理、岛屿管理、岛屿管理、岛屿管理和岛屿管理中心,以及岛屿管理和岛屿管理生物群落。 该项目将于 2023 年 6 月在班卡省的 4 个地区实施。该地区的数据收集工作是对该地区的数据收集工作的一个补充,以确保数据的准确性。在这些数据中,共有 243 个个体,包括 Alosidae、Apogonidae、Chaetodontidae、Engraulidae、Gerreidae、鲮科、石鲮科、石鲮科、扁鲮科、鲭科、石鲮科、石鲷科、石鲷科、石鲷科、虎鳞鳅科、伏鳅科、戈壁鳅科、单喙鳅科和雷鳅科。在第 4 阶段,蛙类的比例为 32.51%,个体总数为 79 个。目前,共有 822 个个体/公顷,其中,有的个体数量较少,有的个体数量较多,有的个体数量较少,有的个体数量较多,有的个体数量较少,有的个体数量较多。在这一地区,生物多样性和生物量的适应性都会受到持久性因素的影响,但这并不意味着在这一地区没有持久性因素的影响,也不意味着在这一地区没有生物多样性和生物量的影响。
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引用次数: 0
Uji Aplikasi Lactobacillus lactis sebagai Paraprobiotik pada Budidaya Udang Vanamei (Litopenaeus vannamei) : Aspek Pertumbuhan Dan Imunitas 乳酸杆菌作为副杀菌剂在凡纳滨对虾养殖中的应用试验:生长和免疫方面
Pub Date : 2023-11-10 DOI: 10.14710/jkt.v26i3.20658
S. Subagiyo, S. Margino, T. Triyanto, S. Widada
Growth is one of the targets of shrimp cultivation. One factor that influences this growth is the level of immunity. Paraprobiotics are probiotics that have been inactivated, making it easier for production, storage and application. In this research, a test was carried out on the application of inactive Lactobacilus lactis to vanamei shrimp via pelleted feed (ad libitum). The experiment was carried out on a laboratory scale. There were 4 treatments, namely a single application of one of the 3 L. lactis isolates (isolate U.181, P.32 dan W-331)and a mixed of 3 L. lactis isolates. The application dose was 108 cells/gram of feed. The experiment was carried out for 35 days. Parameters observed included weight gain and cellular immune system (total number of hemocytes and hemocyte activity).The results of this study indicate that the application of the paraprobiotic L. lactis either alone or in the form of a mixture of the three can improve the growth performance and immunity of vanamei shrimp, namely being able to increase growth between 32-38% higher than the control, as well as increasing the total number of hemocytes and phagocytic activity respectively between 27.4-35.6 % and 29.1-45.9 % higher than the control.  Pertumbuhan merupakan salah satu target budidaya udang. Salah satu factor yang mempengaruhi pertumbuhan adalah tingkat imunitas. Paraprobiotik adalak probiotik yang telah diinaktifkan/dimatikan, sehingga memudahkan untuk produksi, penyimpanan hingga aplikasi. Pada penelitian ini telah dilakukan uji aplikasi Lactobacilus lactis inaktif sebagai paraprobiotik ke udang vanamei melalui pakan pellet (ad libitum). Percobaa dilakukan pada skala laboratorium Ada 4 perlakuan, yaitu aplikasi tunggal salah satu dari 3 isolat L. lactis (isolat U.181, P.32 dan W-331) dan aplikasi campuran 3 isolat L. lactis. Dosis aplikasi yang dipilih adalah 108 sel/gram pakan. Percobaan dilakukan selama 35 hari. Parameter yang diamati meliputi pertambahan berat dan sistem imun seluler (total jumlah hemosit dan aktivitas hemosit). Hasil penelitian aplikasi paraprobiotik L. lactis baik secara tunggal atau dalam bentuk campuran ketiganya dapat meningkatkan performa pertumbuhan dan imunitas udang vanamei. Pada kondisi penelitian ini, apiikasi paraprobiotik mampu meningkatkan pertumbuhan antara 32-38 % lebih tinggi daripada kontrol, serta meningkatkan jumlah total hemosit dan aktivitas fagositosis berturut-turut sebesar antara 27,4-35,6 % dan 29,1-45,9 % lebih tinggi daripada kontrol.
生长是对虾养殖的目标之一。影响生长的一个因素是免疫水平。副益生菌是经过灭活的益生菌,更易于生产、储存和应用。在这项研究中,对通过颗粒饲料(自由采食)向凡纳美对虾施用非活性乳酸杆菌进行了试验。实验在实验室规模上进行。共有 4 种处理,即单一施用 3 种乳杆菌分离物(分离物 U.181、P.32 和 W-331)中的一种,以及 3 种乳杆菌分离物的混合物。施用剂量为 108 个细胞/克饲料。实验进行了 35 天。研究结果表明,单独施用或混合施用副益生菌 L. lactis 可提高凡纳滨对虾的生长性能和免疫力,即生长速度比对照组提高 32-38%,血细胞总数和吞噬活性分别比对照组提高 27.4-35.6% 和 29.1-45.9%。 生长是对虾养殖的目标之一。影响生长的一个因素是免疫水平。副益生菌是经过激活/失活的益生菌,更易于生产、储存和应用。本研究测试了通过颗粒饲料(自由采食)将非活性乳酸杆菌作为副益生菌应用于瓦纳米对虾的情况。实验在实验室规模上进行,共有 4 个处理,即单一施用 3 种乳杆菌分离物(分离物 U.181、P.32 和 W-331)中的一种,以及混合施用 3 种乳杆菌分离物。选择的施用剂量为 108 个细胞/克饲料。实验进行了 35 天。观察参数包括增重和细胞免疫系统(血细胞总数和血细胞活性)。结果表明,单独或混合使用乳杆菌副益生菌可提高凡纳滨对虾的生长性能和免疫力。在本研究条件下,施用副益生菌可使生长速度比对照组提高 32-38%,血细胞总数和吞噬细胞活性分别比对照组提高 27.4-35.6% 和 29.1-45.9%。
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引用次数: 0
Komposisi Hasil Tangkapan Utama Rajungan dan Tangkapan Samping Nelayan Desa Danasari, Pemalang 彭马朗达纳萨里村渔民的主要渔获物和副渔获物构成
Pub Date : 2023-11-10 DOI: 10.14710/jkt.v26i3.20141
Hadi Endrawati, S. Redjeki, R. Nuraini, M. A. Tharieq
Crab fishing activities using various fishing gears have the potential to catch other types of biota as known as bycatch. This type of bycatch is generally still used either for sale or for personal consumption, but some are re-released again. This research aims to determine the composition of the main catch and bycatch obtained by crab fishermen from Danasari Village, Pemalang. The research was carried out from July to August 2022. The data collection method was purposive sampling by going out to sea with fishermen to crab fishing grounds. The composition of the main catch and bycatch obtained at crab fishing locations consists of 1 type of main catch and 21 types of bycatch. The composition of the blue swimming crab is dominated by male crabs with a ratio of 1:0.7, with a mode of carapace width that is larger than female crabs, namely 107-115 mm. The proportion of bycatch obtained was only 25.73% from the total catch, with the useable bycatch amount more than the discarded bycatch. The ecological index shows that the value of species diversity and evenness is in the medium category with a value of 2.114 and 0.6944, while the dominance value is in the low category with a value of 0.1703. Useable bycatches that are commonly found are Orastoquilla oratoria, Scylla sp., and Babylonia spirata. The percentage of main catch is higher than bycatch, which indicates that fishing activities are still environmentally friendly, but the use of bycatch needs to be increased. It is hoped that data on the composition of bycatch types from Danasari Village fishermen can provide information on the potential of marine products other than crab, or could be said to be another alternative as a catch target to reduce exploitation of blue swimming crab resources. Aktivitas penangkapan perikanan rajungan dengan berbagai alat tangkap memiliki potensi terdapat jenis tangkapan biota lain atau disebut sebagai tangkapan samping. Jenis tangkapan samping (bycatch) umumnya tetap dimanfaatkan baik untuk dijual maupun sebagai konsumsi pribadi, namun ada juga yang dilepas kembali. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui komposisi tangkapan utama dan tangkapan samping yang didapatkan oleh nelayan rajungan dari Desa Danasari, Pemalang. Penelitian dilaksanakan selama bulan Juli sampai dengan Agustus 2022. Metode pengambilan data secara purposive sampling, yaitu ikut pergi melaut dengan nelayan ke lokasi penangkapan rajungan. Komposisi jenis tangkapan utama dan tangkapan samping yang didapatkan di lokasi penangkapan rajungan terdiri atas 1 jenis tangkapan utama dan 21 jenis tangkapan samping. Komposisi tangkapan utama rajungan didominasi oleh rajungan jantan dengan rasio 1:0,7, dengan modus ukuran lebar karapas yang lebih besar dibanding rajungan betina yaitu 107-115 mm. Proporsi tangkapan samping yang didapatkan hanya sebesar 25,73% dari total tangkapan keseluruhan, dengan jumlah tangkapan samping bernilai ekonomi lebih banyak dibandingan yang terbuang. Indeks ekologi menunjukkan n
使用各种渔具的捕蟹活动有可能捕获其他类型的生物群,即所谓的副渔获物。这类副渔获物一般仍用于出售或个人消费,但有些会被再次放生。本研究旨在确定白马浪 Danasari 村螃蟹渔民的主要渔获物和副渔获物的组成。研究于 2022 年 7 月至 8 月进行。数据收集方法是通过与渔民一起出海到螃蟹渔场进行有目的的抽样调查。在捕蟹地点获得的主要渔获物和副渔获物的组成包括 1 种主要渔获物和 21 种副渔获物。蓝色游泳蟹的组成以雄蟹为主,比例为 1:0.7,胴体宽度模式大于雌蟹,即 107-115 毫米。副渔获物占总渔获量的比例仅为 25.73%,可利用的副渔获物多于丢弃的副渔获物。生态指数显示,物种多样性和均匀度值处于中等水平,分别为 2.114 和 0.6944,而优势度值处于低水平,为 0.1703。常见的可利用副渔获物有 Orastoquilla oratoria、Scylla sp.和 Babylonia spirata。主捕渔获物的百分比高于副渔获物,这表明捕捞活动仍然是环保的,但需要增加对副渔获物的利用。希望达纳萨里村渔民提供的副渔获物类型组成数据能够提供除螃蟹以外的其他海产品的潜力信息,也可以说是减少开发蓝色游泳蟹资源的另一个捕捞目标。通过在海域中开展捕捞活动,可提高海域生物群落的潜力。副渔获物(bycatch)可能会在捕捞过程中被污染,也可能会被用作渔业资源,但也可能会被用于其他用途。该项目旨在通过在彭马兰Desa Danasari市的居民区开展的活动,提高居民对公共设施和卫生设施的认识。该项目将于 2022 年 7 月至 8 月进行。数据收集的方法是有目的的抽样,即在槟榔屿地区进行抽样调查。在槟榔屿地区抽取的普通样本和抽样样本的数量分别为 1 个普通样本和 21 个抽样样本。茎秆的粗细比例为 1:0,7,茎杆的粗细比例为 107-115 毫米。采样率占总采样率的 25.73%,而采样率与经济的关系不大。在生态学中,有2114人和0.6944人在分类中分别获得了2114项和0.6944项奖励,而有0.1703人在分类中获得了0.1703项奖励。可利用的副渔获物(Tangkapan samping bernilai ekonomi)有 Orastoquilla oratoria、Scylla sp.和 Babylonia spirata。在现有的捕捞活动中,有相当一部分是在采样过程中捕获的,这些捕获物的数量也在不断增加,这就导致了对副渔获物的捕获量也在不断增加。在达纳萨里岛(Desa Danasari)海域捕捞螃蟹的综合数据可提供有关螃蟹捕捞活动的潜在影响的信息,并可作为螃蟹捕捞活动的替代目标。使用各种渔具的捕蟹活动有可能捕获其他类型的生物群,即所谓的副渔获物。这类副渔获物一般仍用于出售或个人消费,但有些会被再次放生。本研究旨在确定白马浪 Danasari 村螃蟹渔民的主要渔获物和副渔获物的组成。研究于 2022 年 7 月至 8 月进行。数据收集方法是通过与渔民一起出海到螃蟹渔场进行有目的的抽样调查。在捕蟹地点获得的主要渔获物和副渔获物的组成包括 1 种主要渔获物和 21 种副渔获物。副渔获物占总渔获物的比例为 25.73%,其中可利用的副渔获物比丢弃的副渔获物多。生态指数显示,物种多样性和不均匀度值为中等,分别为 2.114 和 0.6944,而优势度值为低等,为 0.1703、和 Babyloniaspirata。
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引用次数: 0
Vulnerability Assessment of Mangroves using the Coastal Vulnerability Index in Timbulsloko Village, Sayung, Demak 利用沿海脆弱性指数评估德马克省 Sayung 镇 Timbulsloko 村的红树林脆弱性
Pub Date : 2023-11-01 DOI: 10.14710/jkt.v26i3.20156
Nila Munana, R. Pribadi, C. A. Suryono
The ongoing global warming is causing climate change in several regions of Indonesia, resulting in various impacts. One of these impacts affects coastal areas, namely, the rise in sea levels. The mangrove ecosystem is one of the coastal ecosystems with a crucial role in both ecological and economic aspects of life. This ecosystem is more susceptible to damage due to climate change and human activities. The purpose of this research is to determine the vulnerability level of the mangrove ecosystem, thereby serving as a reference for the rehabilitation of the mangrove ecosystem in Timbulsloko Village. The method used is descriptive exploratory, involving direct field measurements of oceanographic variables, such as salinity, substrate, and tidal data. The analysis employed was the Coastal Vulnerability Index (CVI) with scores divided into three categories: low, moderate, and high, with respective scores ranging between 0.45-2.31, 2.32-4.62, and 4.63-6.93. An analysis of the mangrove substrate was also conducted to determine the existing substrate types in Timbulsloko Village. The obtained results indicate that the salinity around the mangrove ranges from 29-30 ppt, the substrate type is characterized as mud, and the average tidal height is 1.5 m with a mixed leaning towards diurnal single tide. As a result, the vulnerability index value of the mangrove ecosystem in Timbulsloko Village is considered moderate, with a score of 3. The level of mangrove vulnerability is moderate, but sustainable management of the mangrove ecosystem is still required for the future.
持续的全球变暖正在导致印度尼西亚多个地区的气候变化,造成各种影响。沿海地区受到的影响之一就是海平面上升。红树林生态系统是沿海生态系统之一,在生态和经济生活方面都起着至关重要的作用。这一生态系统更容易受到气候变化和人类活动的破坏。本研究的目的是确定红树林生态系统的脆弱程度,从而为 Timbulsloko 村红树林生态系统的恢复提供参考。采用的方法是描述性探索,包括直接实地测量海洋变量,如盐度、底质和潮汐数据。采用的分析方法是沿海脆弱性指数(CVI),分为低、中、高三个等级,分别为 0.45-2.31、2.32-4.62 和 4.63-6.93。还对红树林底质进行了分析,以确定 Timbulsloko 村现有的底质类型。结果表明,红树林周围的盐度范围为 29-30 ppt,底质类型为泥质,平均潮汐高度为 1.5 米,混合偏向于昼夜单潮。因此,Timbulsloko 村红树林生态系统的脆弱性指数值为 3 分,属于中等水平。
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引用次数: 0
Kontaminasi Logam Cr dan Fe pada Organisme Benthik Laut yang Ditangkap di Perairan Jawa Tengah 中爪哇水域捕获的海洋底栖生物的铬和铁金属污染
Pub Date : 2023-10-29 DOI: 10.14710/jkt.v26i3.18165
C. A. Suryono, Agus Indardjo
Coastal areas of Semarang and Tegal, there are several industries that use metal materials. These activities will have an impact on the marine ecosystem, especially the biota that lives in it. The research aims to determine the metal contamination of Chromium (Cr) and Iron (Fe) in benthic biota in the waters of Semarang and Tegal, Central Java. Analysis of Cr and Fe concentrations in biota tissues using ICPMS. The results of analysis of Cr and Fe metals in the biota tissues of white shrimp (P. Merguensis), crab (P. pelagicus), coocle (A. inaequivalvis) and gastropods (H. ternatanus) found Cr and Fe metals in the biota tissues. The concentration of Cr metal in biota found in Semarang ranges from 0.211– 0.235 ppm, while in Tegal it ranges from 0.1–0.218 ppm. Fe metal concentrations from Semarang biota ranged from 0.718 – 0.909 ppm, while those from Tegal were 0.733 – 1.429 ppm. The concentrations of Cr and Fe metals in each biota and research location showed no differences, while Fe metals showed differences.  Pesisir kota Semarang dan Tegal terdapat beberapa industri yang menggunakan bahan logam.  Aktifitas tersebut akan berdampak pada ekosistem laut terutama biota yang hidup didalamya.  Penelitian bertujuan mengethui kontaminansi logam Kromium (Cr) dan Besi (Fe) pada biota benthik di perairan Semarang dan Tegal Jawa Tengah.  Analisa konsentrasi Cr dan Fe dalam jaringan biota menguunakan ICPMS.  Hasil analisa logam Cr dan Fe dalam jaringan biota udang putih (P. Merguensis), rajungan (P. pelagicus), kerang bulu (A. inaequivalvis) dan gastropoda (H. ternatanus) ditemukan logam Cr dan Fe dalam jaringan biota.  Konsentrasi logam Cr pada biota yang ditemukan di Semarang berkisar 0,211 – 0,235 ppm, sedangkan di Tegal berkisar 0,1 – 0,218 ppm.  Konsentrasi logam Fe dari biota Semarang berkisar antara 0,718 – 0,909 ppm, sedangkan yang berasal dari Tegal 0,733 – 1,429 ppm.  Konsentrasi logam Cr dan Fe pada setiap biota dan lokasi penelitian menunjukan tidak adanya perbedaan sedangkan logam Fe menunjuakn adanya perbedaan.
三宝垄和 Tegal 沿海地区有几家使用金属材料的企业。这些活动将对海洋生态系统,尤其是其中的生物群造成影响。本研究旨在确定中爪哇三宝垄和 Tegal 水域底栖生物群中铬(Cr)和铁(Fe)的金属污染情况。使用 ICPMS 分析生物群组织中的铬和铁浓度。对南美白对虾(P. Merguensis)、螃蟹(P. pelagicus)、鳕鱼(A. inaequivalvis)和腹足类(H. ternatanus)的生物群组织中的铬和铁金属进行分析的结果发现,生物群组织中存在铬和铁金属。三宝垄生物群中的金属铬浓度介于 0.211 至 0.235 ppm 之间,而 Tegal 生物群中的金属铬浓度介于 0.1-0.218 ppm 之间。三宝垄生物群中的铁金属浓度为 0.718 - 0.909 ppm,而 Tegal 生物群中的铁金属浓度为 0.733 - 1.429 ppm。各生物群和研究地点的铬和铁金属浓度没有差异,而铁金属浓度则有差异。 沿海城市三宝垄和 Tegal 有多个使用金属材料的工业。 这些活动将对海洋生态系统,尤其是其中的生物群产生影响。 本研究旨在确定中爪哇三宝垄和 Tegal 水域底栖生物群中铬(Cr)和铁(Fe)的金属污染情况。 使用 ICPMS 分析生物群组织中的铬和铁浓度。 白虾(P. merguensis)、蟹(P. pelagicus)、羽蛤(A. inaequivalvis)和腹足类(H. ternatanus)组织中的铬和铁金属分析结果。 三宝垄生物群中的金属铬浓度介于 0.211 - 0.235 ppm 之间,而 Tegal 生物群中的金属铬浓度介于 0.1 - 0.218 ppm 之间。 三宝垄生物群中的铁金属浓度为 0.718 - 0.909 ppm,而 Tegal 生物群中的铁金属浓度为 0.733 - 1.429 ppm。 各生物群和研究地点的铬和铁金属浓度没有差异,而铁金属浓度则有差异。
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引用次数: 0
Study on the anti-vibrio activity of marine fungi Aspergillus sydowii and Rhizopus sp. using OSMAC Approach 利用 OSMAC 方法研究海洋真菌 Aspergillus sydowii 和 Rhizopus sp.
Pub Date : 2023-10-28 DOI: 10.14710/jkt.v26i3.20451
Galank Fad'qul Janarkho, A. Trianto, S. Sedjati, Rindiani Puja Listari
Shrimp is one of the major aquaculture products in Indonesia. However, shrimp culture faces the peril of Vibriosis, a disease caused by the bacteria genus of Vibrio.  Marine sponge-associate microbes are recognized for their potential as sources of antibacterial agent. The fungus Aspergillus sydowii isolate that used in this research originally isolated from marine sponge collected in Lampung Bay. The fungus was grown in various media e. g. Malt extract agar (MEA), MEA-Tempeh broth (MEA-T), and tofu dregs (TD) under various pH (5.5, 7.5, and 9.5).  The fungus also be culture as mono-culture and co-culture with Rhizopus sp. The anti-vibrio assay was conducted using disk diffusion method. Based on anti-vibrio assay, the fungus A. sydowii and Rhizopus sp. didn’t show any correlation with the anti-vibrio compound produced. The fungus Rhizopus sp. cultivated in tofu dregs media (TD) at pH 5.5 exhibited the highest potential for inhibiting against V. alginolyticus (5.85±0.24 mm), V. harveyi (5.20±0.20 mm), and V. vulnificus (4.33±0.15 mm), while the co-culture (A. sydowii and Rhizopus sp.) in TD media and pH 7.5 against V. parahaemolyticus (5.55±0.86 mm). The fungus cultured in pH 7.5 can promotes the potential inhibition zone than a pH 9.5.
对虾是印度尼西亚的主要水产养殖产品之一。然而,对虾养殖面临着弧菌病的危险,这是一种由弧菌属细菌引起的疾病。 海洋海绵伴生微生物被公认为是潜在的抗菌剂来源。本研究中使用的分离真菌 Aspergillus sydowii 最初是从楠榜湾采集的海洋海绵中分离出来的。该真菌在不同的培养基中生长,如麦芽提取物琼脂(MEA)、MEA-豆豉肉汤(MEA-T)和豆腐渣(TD),pH值分别为 5.5、7.5 和 9.5。 抗弧菌试验采用盘扩散法进行。根据抗弧菌试验,A. sydowii 真菌和 Rhizopus sp.在 pH 值为 5.5 的豆腐渣培养基(TD)中培养的真菌 Rhizopus sp.对藻解弧菌(5.85±0.24 mm)、哈维氏弧菌(5.20±0.20毫米)和V. vulnificus(4.33±0.15毫米),而在TD培养基和pH值为7.5的条件下共同培养的真菌(A. sydowii和Rhizopus sp.)对V. parahaemolyticus(5.55±0.86毫米)的抑制潜力最大。与 pH 值为 9.5 的培养基相比,在 pH 值为 7.5 的培养基中培养的真菌能促进潜在抑菌区的扩大。
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引用次数: 0
Komposisi Makanan Ikan Baronang (Siganus guttatus) pada Ekosistem Lamun di Perairan Kota Tanjungpinang 丹戎比南市水域海草生态系统中巴罗南鱼(Siganus guttatus)的食物组成
Pub Date : 2023-10-27 DOI: 10.14710/jkt.v26i3.19795
Ulina Malau, A. Nugraha, A. Zahid
The survival of fish in the waters is strongly influenced by the availability of food. The purpose of this study was to analyze the types of food for baronang fish and determine the selectivity of food for baronang fish in seagrass ecosystems in Tanjungpinang waters. This research was conducted in May 2023 at three stations, namely Sekatap Waters (ST I), Madong Waters (ST II), and Sebauk Waters (ST III). The research data collection method was carried out by purposive sampling. Fish samples were obtained from catches using 2-inch gill nets. Epiphyte sampling on seagrass leaves was carried out randomly. The total number of fish obtained at station I was 8 fish, 10 fish for station II, and 7 fish for station III. The catches at each station were dissected and collected from their digestive tract and then preserved for analysis in the laboratory. Analysis of the data used is the index of propenderance and electivity index. The results obtained in this study were the type of food for baronang fish (S. gutttatus) found in Tanjungpinang waters consisting of groups of microalgae from the class Bacillariophyceae (Flagilaria, Coscinodiscus, Diatoma, Nitzschia, Gyrosigma, Melosira, Rhizosolenia, and Rhabdonema), Euglenophyceae (Trachelomonas), Dinophyceae (Alexandrium), Chlorophyceae (Closteriopsis), Cyanophyceae (Oscilatoria and Audouinella), Crysophyceae (Vaucheria), Rhodophyceae (Polisiphonia and Bostrychia), group of nematodes from class Secernentea (Hirschmanniella) and Adenophorea (Anaplectus), group of crustaceans from class Branchiopoda (Diaphanosoma), shrimp leg pieces (unidentified), and detritus group. Baronang fish choosing food in their surroundings. Kelangsungan hidup ikan di perairan sangat dipengaruhi oleh ketersediaan makanan. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk menganalisis jenis makanan ikan baronang dan menentukan pemilihan makanan ikan baronang pada ekosistem lamun di perairan Tanjungpinang. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan pada bulan Mei 2023 pada tiga stasiun yaitu di Perairan Sekatap (ST I), Perairan Madong (ST II), dan Perairan Sebauk (ST III). Metode pengambilan data penelitian dilakukan secara purpossive sampling. Sampel ikan diperoleh dari hasil tangkapan menggunakan jaring insang berukuran 2 inchi. Pengambilan epifit pada daun lamun dilakukan secara acak. Total jumlah ikan yang diperoleh pada stasiun I yaitu 8 ekor, stasiun II 10 ekor, dan stasiun III 7 ekor. Hasil tangkapan pada masing-masing stasiun dibedah dan mengambil saluran pencernaannya lalu diawetkan untuk dianalisis di laboratorium. Analisis data yang digunakan yaitu Index of propenderance dan electivity index. Adapun hasil yang didapatkan pada penelitian ini yaitu jenis makanan ikan baronang (S. gutttatus) yang ditemukan di perairan Tanjungpinang terdiri kelompok mikroalga dari kelas Bacillariophyceae (Flagilaria, Coscinodiscus, Diatoma, Nitzschia, Gyrosigma, Melosira, Rhizosolenia, dan Rhabdonema), Euglenophyceae (Trachelomonas), Dinophyceae (Alexandrium), Chlorophyceae (
鱼类在水域中的生存深受食物供应的影响。本研究的目的是分析巴浪鱼的食物种类,并确定丹绒平邦水域海草生态系统中巴浪鱼对食物的选择性。这项研究于 2023 年 5 月在三个站点进行,即 Sekatap 水域(ST I)、Madong 水域(ST II)和 Sebauk 水域(ST III)。研究数据收集方法采用目的性抽样。使用 2 英寸刺网从渔获物中获取鱼类样本。海草叶片上的附生植物取样则是随机进行的。I 站共获得 8 条鱼,II 站获得 10 条鱼,III 站获得 7 条鱼。对每个站点的渔获物进行解剖并采集其消化道,然后保存起来供实验室分析。使用的数据分析方法是倾向性指数和选择性指数。这项研究得出的结果是,在坦杰发现的巴罗南鱼(S.古特鱼)的食物类型,包括微藻类(Bacillariophyceae)(Flagilaria、Coscinodiscus、Diatoma、Nitzschia、Gyrosigma、Melosira、Rhizosolenia 和 Rhabdonema)、Euglenophyceae(Trachelomonas)、Dinophyceae(Alexandrium)、Chlorophyceae(Closteriopsis)、蓝藻纲(曙光藻和 Audouinella)、隐藻纲(Vaucheria)、红藻纲(Polisiphonia 和 Bostrychia)、线虫类 Secernentea(Hirschmanniella)和 Adenophorea(Anaplectus)、甲壳类 Branchiopoda(Diaphanosoma)、虾腿碎片(不明)和碎屑。在周围环境中选择食物的巴罗浪鱼。Kelangsungan hidup ikan di perairan sangat dipengaruhi oleh ketersediaan makanan.该研究旨在了解丹戎宾翁地区的鱼类饲养情况,并了解丹戎宾翁地区的鱼类饲养管理情况。该项目将于 2023 年下半年在塞卡塔普周边地区(ST I)、马东周边地区(ST II)和塞包克周边地区(ST III)实施。数据采集方法为抽样采集。采样面积为 2 英寸。在整个采样周期内的样本数量都在减少。I 号试验的总样本量为 8 个,II 号试验的总样本量为 10 个,III 号试验的总样本量为 7 个。在实验室中进行的数据分析结果表明,在实验室中进行的数据分析结果是最准确的。分析数据包括倾向性指数和选择性指数。在笔者的研究中,发现的适应性数据包括鲑鱼(S. gutttatus)的生长速度。在丹绒平南地区生长的褐藻(S.gutttatus)被称为褐藻(Bacillariophyceae)(旗形目,Coscinodiscus,Diatoma,Nitzschia,Gyrosigma,Melosira,Rhizosolenia,dan Rhabdonema)、真藻(Trachelomonas)、叶绿藻(Alexandrium)、叶绿藻(Closteriopsis)、蓝藻纲(Oscilatoria 和 Audouinella)、隐藻纲(Vaucheria)、红藻纲(Polisiphonia 和 Bostrychia)、线虫纲(Hirschmanniella)和腺线虫纲(Anaplectus)、甲壳动物(Branchiopoda (Diaphanosoma) 科)、蚌类(tidak teridentifikasi)和碎屑类。Ikan baronang记忆了在林昆干纳亚(lingkungannya)出现的各种生物。
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引用次数: 0
Pengaruh Perubahan Gradien Suhu dan Salinitas terhadap Struktur Komunitas Fitoplankton di Perairan Teluk Ambon 温度和盐度梯度变化对安汶湾水域浮游植物群落结构的影响
Pub Date : 2023-10-10 DOI: 10.14710/jkt.v26i3.19817
Lisna E. Cahyani, Kesaulya Irma, S. Haumahu
Primary production in the marine ecosystem depends on the presence of phytoplankton. The presence of phytoplankton is controlled by physical parameters such as salinity and temperature. In order to understand the impact of change of salinity and temperature on the community structure of phytoplankton, especially their abundance and diversity in the waters of Ambon bay, water samples were collected in May and July 2021 at 13 stations and in the layer of 0-10 meters and temperature and salinity were measured simultaneously. Thirty-seven species of phytoplankton were found. The highest number of species were in division Bacillariophyceae (97%), Fragilariophyceae (2%) and Dinophyceae (1%). The most diverse genus was Chaetoceros (8 species). Phytoplankton density ranged from 285 to 302.698 cells.m-3 during sampling I and 292-614.069 cells.m-3 during sampling II.   Odontella sinensis and Coscinodiscus radiatus were the highest phytoplankton density during sampling I and II, respectively. Diversity index (Simpson’s diversity index) was maximum at station 1 (sampling I) and station 9 (sampling II). Temperature and salinity show positive and negative correlation, respectively with phytoplankton density. This indicates that changed in salinity and temperature gradient have impact on the community structure of phytoplankton. As phytoplankton plays a key role for the life in marine ecosystem and also indicator for waters quality, it is important to study in depth how the effect of climate change on its community structure either in semi-closed or open ocean.  Produksi primer di ekosistem laut dipengaruhi oleh keberadaan fitoplankton dan keberadaan fitoplankton dipengeruhi oleh parameter fisika seperti salinitas dan suhu. Untuk mengetahui dampak dari perubahan salinitas dan suhe terhadap struktur komunitas fitoplankton, terutama kepadatan dan keragaman jenisnya di perairan Teluk Ambon, maka sampel air diambil pada bulan Mei dan Juli 2021 di 13 stasiun penelitian pada lapisan kedalaman 0-10 meter. Suhu dan salinitas diukur secara bersamaan dengan menggunakan CTD. Tiga puluh tujuh spesies fitoplankton ditemukan dan spesies dari devisi Bacillariophyceae ditemukan dalam jumlah yang tertinggi (97%), Fragilariophyceae (2%) dan Dinophyceae (1%). Genus dengan jumlah spesies terbanyak adalah Chaetoceros (8 species). Kepadatan fitoplankton berkisar antara 285 sampai 302.698 sels.m-3 saat sampling I dan 292-614.069 sels.m-3 selama sampling II.  Pada sampling I, Odontella sinensis dijumpai dalam jumlah yang banyak sedangkan pada sampling II spesies Coscinodiscus radiatus yang dijumpai dalam jumlah yang banyak. Indeks diversitas (index diversitas Simpson) tertinggi di stasion 1 (sampling I) dan stasion 9 (sampling II). Suhu berkorelasi positif dengan kepadatan fitoplankton sedangkan salinitas berkorelasi negative dengan kepadatan fitoplankton. Hal ini menunjukan bahwa perubahan gradien salinitas dan suhu di perairan Teluk Ambon berpengaruh bagi kedapatan fitoplankton. Seb
海洋生态系统的初级生产取决于浮游植物的存在。浮游植物的存在受盐度和温度等物理参数的控制。为了了解盐度和温度变化对浮游植物群落结构的影响,特别是对安汶海湾水域浮游植物丰度和多样性的影响,研究人员于 2021 年 5 月和 7 月在 13 个站点和 0-10 米水层采集了水样,并同时测量了温度和盐度。结果发现了 37 种浮游植物。种类最多的是芽叶藻科(97%)、裂片藻科(2%)和鼎叶藻科(1%)。种类最多的属是 Chaetoceros(8 种)。浮游植物密度在取样 I 和取样 II 期间分别为 285 至 302 698 cells.m-3 和 292-614 069 cells.m-3 。 在取样 I 和取样 II 中,浮游植物密度最高的分别是中华鳕和辐射鳕。多样性指数(辛普森多样性指数)在第 1 站(取样 I)和第 9 站(取样 II)最高。温度和盐度分别与浮游植物密度呈正相关和负相关。这表明盐度和温度梯度的变化对浮游植物群落结构有影响。由于浮游植物在海洋生态系统中扮演着重要的生命角色,同时也是水质的指标,因此深入研究气候变化对半封闭或开放海洋中浮游植物群落结构的影响具有重要意义。 海洋生态系统的初级生产受浮游植物的影响,而浮游植物的存在又受盐度和温度等物理参数的影响。为了确定盐度和温度变化对安汶湾水域浮游植物群落结构,特别是密度和物种多样性的影响,研究人员于 2021 年 5 月和 7 月在 0-10 米水深层的 13 个研究站采集了水样。使用 CTD 同时测量了温度和盐度。研究发现了 37 种浮游植物,其中最多的是芽叶藻(Bacillariophyceae)科(97%)、裂叶藻(Fragilariophyceae)科(2%)和鼎叶藻(Dinophyceae)科(1%)。物种数量最多的属是 Chaetoceros(8 种)。浮游植物密度在采样 I 和采样 II 之间的范围分别为 285 至 302 698 cells.m-3 和 292-614 069 cells.m-3 。 在取样 I 中发现了大量的中华鳕,而在取样 II 中则发现了大量的辐射鳕。辛普森多样性指数在第 1 站(取样 I)和第 9 站(取样 II)最高。温度与浮游植物密度呈正相关,而盐度与浮游植物密度呈负相关。这表明,安汶湾水域盐度和温度梯度的变化会影响浮游植物密度。浮游植物是维持其他生物生命的重要元素,也是海洋生态系统肥沃程度的指标,因此进行持续研究以了解气候变化如何影响半封闭水域和开放水域的浮游植物群落结构非常重要。
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Jurnal Kelautan Tropis
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