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REFUSAL STRATEGY PERFORMED BY INDONESIAN EFL LEARNER 印尼英语学习者的拒绝策略
Pub Date : 2019-01-16 DOI: 10.25134/ieflj.v5i1.1612
Nenden Sri Rahayu
The research investigates the speech act recognition of refusing as made by Indonesian learners of English as a foreign language, native Indonesian, and native English. It involves three groups: 13 Indonesian EFL Learners (IELs), 13 Indonesian Native Speakers (INSs), and 13 American Native Speakers (NSs) of English. They were asked to respond to ten different situations, in which they carry out the speech act of refusal. Their strategies in refusing were compared one another in order to find out whether the refusal performed by Indonesian EFL Learner (IELs) correspond more closely with those of the Indonesian Native Speakers (INSs) or with speakers of the target language, the American Native Speakers (NSs). The data, collected from a Discourse Completion Test (DCT) which was developed by Blum-Kulka, were analyzed and categorized based on Azis�s categories (2000). Results indicated that although a similar range of refusal strategies were available to the two language groups, cross-cultural variation still exists. The data involved some contextual variables, which include the status of interlocutors (higher, equal, or lower status) and eliciting acts, i.e., requests, invitations, offers, and suggestions.Keywords: Indonesian EFL Learners; interlanguage pragmatics; refusal strategy; speech�act.
本研究调查了以英语为外语的印度尼西亚学习者、母语为印度尼西亚语的学习者和母语为英语的学习者对拒绝的言语行为识别。它涉及三组:13名印度尼西亚英语学习者(IELs), 13名印度尼西亚母语人士(ins)和13名美国英语母语人士(NSs)。他们被要求对十种不同的情况做出反应,在这些情况下,他们会做出拒绝的言语行为。本研究比较了印尼英语学习者的拒绝策略,以了解印尼英语学习者的拒绝策略是与母语为印尼语的人更接近,还是与目的语母语为美国语的人更接近。从Blum-Kulka开发的话语补全测试(DCT)中收集的数据基于Azis的分类(2000)进行分析和分类。结果表明,尽管两种语言群体的拒绝策略范围相似,但跨文化差异仍然存在。数据涉及一些上下文变量,包括对话者的地位(更高、相同或更低的地位)和引出行为,即请求、邀请、提议和建议。关键词:印尼语英语学习者;中介语语用学;拒绝策略;演讲�行动。
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引用次数: 5
MAGIC ROUND: TEACHING MEDIA FOR COMPILING NEGATIVE SENTENCES 魔轮:否定句编撰教学媒介
Pub Date : 2019-01-01 DOI: 10.25134/ieflj.v5i1.1628
Tri Agustini Solihati, G. Aristi
Learning English is much harder for Indonesian students because of various aspects. Yet, the obstacles are able to overcome with any methods, strategies or media to achieve the goals of the teaching and learning process (Manan, 2017). This research focuses on developing teaching media, named Magic Round for teaching negative sentences. It was made to facilitate students in compiling grammatically correct sentences. This research was carried out by applying Research and Development (R&D) which consists of several steps, including; preliminary studies, research planning, product design, product validation, product trial, and producing final product. The trial result in limited scale gained 81.67% from technology expert and 86.67% from material expert. Besides, the assessment of its usefulness, feasibility, and students� responses toward the media reached 86.38%, 88.64%, and 87.18%, respectively. It means that Magic Round is valid and can be used without revision. In conclusion, Magic Round is appropriate to use in teaching English negative sentences.Keywords: magic round; negative sentences; research and development; teaching media; tenses.
印尼学生学习英语要困难得多,原因有很多。然而,任何方法、策略或媒体都能够克服这些障碍,以实现教学过程的目标(Manan, 2017)。本研究的重点是开发用于否定句教学的教学媒体Magic Round。这是为了帮助学生编写语法正确的句子。本研究通过应用研究与开发(R&D)进行,包括几个步骤,包括;初步研究,研究计划,产品设计,产品验证,产品试验,生产最终产品。在有限规模的试验结果中,技术专家和材料专家分别获得了81.67%和86.67%的评价。此外,评估其有用性,可行性和学生对媒体的反应分别达到86.38%,88.64%和87.18%。这意味着Magic Round是有效的,无需修改即可使用。综上所述,魔术轮在英语否定句教学中是合适的。关键词:魔轮;否定句;研究与开发;教学媒体;时态。
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引用次数: 0
NATIVE LANGUAGE INTERFERENCE ON TARGET LANGUAGE WRITINGS OF INDONESIAN EFL STUDENTS: AN EXPLORATORY CASE STUDY 母语对印尼英语学生目的语写作的干扰:一个探索性案例研究
Pub Date : 2019-01-01 DOI: 10.25134/IEFLJ.V5I1.1630
R. A. Budiharto
Possessing language students who are skilled in creating a structured, orderly and no error-found piece of composition constitutes a hope and a wish for many EFL teachers, as they are the individuals who undergo a big problem when their students commit numerous errors in EFL writing as a result of their native language interference. This study is aimed at exploring native language influence on students� English writings as well as investigating the salient and common grammatical errors in their writing with the purpose of checking whether or not Indonesian as the students� L1 influence them when writing in English. To this end, a corpus of 22 English essays written by students is examined and the errors are then categorized according to the following aspects: grammatical, lexico-semantic, mechanics, and word order sorts of errors. In this study, mixed methods research designs are used: quantitative and qualitative. The results revealed that UNIRA students commit different sorts of errors which are chiefly on account of their native language (Indonesian) interference. The students highly rely on their L1 in stating their thoughts, even though the ranking processes revealed that their essays hold different sorts of errors, those in the grammar and the lexico-semantic statistically constitute the most serious and recurrent ones.Keywords: grammatical sentence; L1 interference; lexico-semantic; writing.
拥有能够写出结构有序、无错误的作文的学生,是许多英语教师的希望和愿望,因为他们的学生由于母语的干扰而在英语写作中犯了很多错误,这对他们来说是一个很大的问题。本研究旨在探讨母语对学生英语写作的影响,并调查学生写作中突出和常见的语法错误,以检查学生的母语印尼语是否影响他们的英语写作。为此,对学生们写的22篇英语作文的语料库进行了检查,然后根据以下几个方面对错误进行了分类:语法错误、词汇语义错误、机制错误和词序错误。本研究采用定量与定性相结合的研究设计方法。结果显示,UNIRA学生犯不同类型的错误,主要是由于他们的母语(印尼语)的干扰。学生高度依赖母语来表达自己的想法,尽管排名过程显示他们的文章存在不同类型的错误,但语法和词汇语义方面的错误在统计上是最严重和最常见的。关键词:语法句;L1干扰;lexico-semantic;写作。
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引用次数: 15
CULTIVATING CRITICAL THINKING ABILITY IN BTI IN CHINA 论我国BTI批判性思维能力的培养
Pub Date : 2018-08-04 DOI: 10.25134/IEFLJ.V4I2.1380
Yuehong Wei
It is very vital for students in BTI to grasp the critical thinking ability, but how to cultivate this ability in the fundamental courses is a big problem to be solved. This study is to employ the teamwork, such as group discussion and group representation, and reflection log in the teaching process, investigating the dynamic situation through questionnaires. The results showed that group discussion, group presentation and reflection log are the effective ways to promote students� critical thinking skills; however it cannot improve the critical thinking promptly in such a short time and it will be a successive process. Therefore, carrying out some class activities can enhance students� critical thinking skills in English reading class.Keywords: BTI, English reading, critical thinking, teamwork, reflection log
掌握批判性思维能力对BTI学生来说至关重要,但如何在基础课程中培养这种能力是一个亟待解决的大问题。本研究采用小组讨论、小组表征、反思日志等团队合作方式,通过问卷调查的方式,对教学过程中的动态情况进行调查。结果表明,小组讨论、小组陈述和反思日志是促进学生进步的有效途径� 批判性思维能力;但它不可能在这么短的时间内迅速提高批判性思维,它将是一个连续的过程。因此,开展一些课堂活动可以提高学生的素质� 英语阅读课中的批判性思维技巧。关键词:BTI、英语阅读、批判性思维、团队合作、反思日志
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引用次数: 1
BRIDGING CRITICAL DISCOURSE ANALYSIS IN MEDIA DISCOURSE STUDIES 媒介话语研究中的跨接批评话语分析
Pub Date : 2018-08-04 DOI: 10.25134/IEFLJ.V4I2.1379
Ratna Sari, Silvia Eka Putri, H. Herdi, Budianto Hamuddin
The precarious and critical period of the initiation of Discourse Analysis was populer at the end of the 1990s and the beginning of 2000s. Various approaches and frameworks were proposed during the time especially in the field of Applied Linguistics. This is including Critical Discourse Analysis (CDA) as one of its leading areas.� This present study aimed at exploring and catching out how the CDA� presentation in overall related to Media studies and how it can be applicable to uncover an unseen ideologies while examining the existence of media discourse studies. The study is considering 25 journal studies to scrutinize the ways and methods used in discern social phenomena while illuminating the true characteristics of the social actors. As result, it was revealed that� CDA is used openly to expose ideologies that somehow differentiate oppressed groups by offering a dummy image used by the highest authority or elite.Keywords: CDA; ideology; media discourse; social actors; power.
20世纪90年代末和21世纪初,话语分析的兴起处于一个不稳定和关键的时期。在这一时期,人们提出了各种方法和框架,尤其是在应用语言学领域。这包括批评语篇分析(CDA)作为其主导领域之一。� 本研究旨在探索和了解CDA� 总体上与媒体研究有关,以及它如何适用于揭示一种看不见的意识形态,同时考察媒体话语研究的存在。这项研究考虑了25项期刊研究,以仔细审查辨别社会现象的方式和方法,同时揭示社会行为者的真实特征。结果发现� CDA被用来公开揭露意识形态,通过提供最高权威或精英使用的虚假形象,以某种方式区分受压迫群体。关键词:CDA;思想媒体话语;社会行动者;权力
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引用次数: 25
REFUSAL AND ACCEPTANCE STRATEGIES REALIZATION IN SUNDANESE CONTEXT 巽他语语境中拒绝与接受策略的实现
Pub Date : 2018-08-04 DOI: 10.25134/IEFLJ.V4I2.1378
Sartin Miolo, E. Emzir, Asep Supriadi
This study investigates the refusal and acceptance strategies realization in sundanese context among students of a private university in Kuningan. The study is purposely designed to investigate the types of refusal and acceptance strategies used in Sundanese context. This study employed a qualitative method as a research design. A Discourse Completion Task (DCT) was used to collect the data which was spread into 30 respondents. The questionnaire was in Bahasa Sunda because the respondents were Sundanese people, so it can be easier to be analyzed. The findings showed that there were 240 utterances consisted of 150 utterances of refusal and 90 utterances of acceptance. The refusal strategies consisted of 12 strategies and the acceptance strategies consisted of 6 strategies. Most of the respondents which are Sundanese are polite as it can be seen from their responses when they were asked to accompany their lecturer or when they refused to the person with higher power. They always say punten, hapunten sateuacana or it can be called �sorry�. The term �sorry� showed that they try to be polite when talking with the higher power and distance. Yet, they use different talking when they talk to their friends who have the same power. So, they can place where they should be polite and to whom they talk. ���Keyword: acceptance strategy, refusal strategy, sundanese culture.
本研究调查了昆宁安某私立大学学生在巽他语语境下的拒绝与接受策略实现情况。本研究旨在探讨Sundanese语境中使用的拒绝和接受策略的类型。本研究采用定性方法作为研究设计。采用话语完成任务(DCT)收集数据,并将数据分布到30名受访者中。问卷用的是巽他语,因为受访者都是巽他人,所以更容易分析。结果表明,在240个话语中,150个是拒绝话语,90个是接受话语。拒绝策略包括12个策略,接受策略包括6个策略。大多数的受访者都是有礼貌的,这可以从他们的回答中看出,当他们被要求陪同他们的讲师或当他们拒绝更高权力的人。他们总是说“对不起”或者“对不起”。“对不起”这个词表明他们在与更高权力和距离的人交谈时试图保持礼貌。然而,当他们与拥有同样权力的朋友交谈时,他们使用不同的说话方式。所以,他们可以确定在哪里应该礼貌,对谁说话。关键词:接受策略,拒绝策略,巽他文化。
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引用次数: 0
PROBLEMS IN USING LANGUAGE LABORATORY IN ENGLISH LISTENING INSTRUCTION 语言实验室在英语听力教学中的应用问题
Pub Date : 2018-08-04 DOI: 10.25134/ieflj.v4i2.1376
Feby Akhdiyati
This study is aimed at describing problems faced by both teachers and students in learning listening using language laboratory in SMA Sandikta, Bekasi and providing solutions to overcome those problems. The participants of the study are the eleventh-grade students of SMA Sandikta. The results of the analysis showed that there are some problems faced by the teacher and the students. The problems faced by the teacher include (1) the problems related to the teacher�s proficiency like being unable to identify the error of machine, (2) insufficient collection of master tapes which makes problem for the teacher to accommodate the material, (3) too long material make the students bored, the teacher has difficulties to select of material, and (4) the attitude of the teacher and students toward language lab. On the other hand, the problems faced by the students are (1) students� lack of vocabulary, (2) physical aspects of students like boredom, and (3) the teacher did not give the tapescript, the students just memorize the dialog. For that reason, it was suggested to all parties to improve the knowledge in optimalizing the language laboratory.Keyword: ability; language laboratory; listening; action research.
本研究旨在描述教师和学生在使用贝卡西州SMA Sandikta的语言实验室学习听力时面临的问题,并提供克服这些问题的解决方案。该研究的参与者是SMA Sandikta的十一年级学生。分析结果表明,教师和学生都面临着一些问题。教师面临的问题包括(1)与教师有关的问题�s的熟练程度,如无法识别机器的错误,(2)母带收集不足,这使得老师难以容纳材料,(3)太长的材料让学生感到无聊,老师很难选择材料,以及(4)老师和学生对语言实验室的态度。另一方面,学生们面临的问题是(1)学生� 缺乏词汇,(2)学生的身体方面喜欢无聊,和(3)老师没有给磁带,学生只是记住对话。因此,有人建议各方在优化语言实验室方面提高知识。关键词:能力;语言实验室;倾听;行动研究。
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引用次数: 0
THE VARIETIES OF HOMEWORK GIVEN BY ENGLISH TEACHERS OF VOCATIONAL SCHOOLS 职业学校英语教师布置作业的种类
Pub Date : 2018-08-04 DOI: 10.25134/ieflj.v4i2.1375
D. Azizah
Learning inside the classroom is never enough because there are various limitations, so it needs the non-school hour assignment called homework. This research aims to find out the varieties of homework given by English teachers of vocational schools. This research uses a qualitative descriptive method by involving eight English teachers of vocational schools in Yogyakarta. Open-ended questionnaires, interview, and document analysis are used to collect the data. In analyzing the obtained data, the researcher does three steps, namely data condensation, data display, and conclusion drawing. The research results showed that homework varieties given by English teachers serve three main objectives. Those objectives are to broaden knowledge, sharpen skills, and inculcate values. It is concluded that formal education in schools requires homework that improve students' English proficiency. Besides, the existence of State Examination is regarded as a special thing that effects on learning process.Keywords: homework; broaden knowledge; sharpen skills; inculcate values; English proficiency.
课堂内的学习是远远不够的,因为有各种各样的限制,所以它需要课外作业,也就是家庭作业。本研究旨在了解职业学校英语教师布置作业的种类。本研究以日惹市职业学校八名英语教师为研究对象,采用定性描述方法。采用开放式问卷调查法、访谈法和文献分析法进行数据收集。在分析获得的数据时,研究者要做三个步骤,即数据浓缩、数据显示和得出结论。研究结果表明,英语教师布置的作业种类主要有三个目的。这些目标是拓宽知识,提高技能,并灌输价值观。结论是,学校的正规教育需要家庭作业来提高学生的英语水平。此外,国家考试的存在被视为影响学习过程的特殊事物。关键词:作业;拓宽知识;提高技能;灌输的价值观;英语水平。
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引用次数: 1
IMAGE BUILDING THROUGH EFL TEXTBOOK �MY PALS ARE HERE� TO STUDENTS IN KUPANG, EASTERN INDONESIA 透过英语教材“我的朋友在这里”,为印尼东部古邦的学生建立形象
Pub Date : 2018-08-04 DOI: 10.25134/IEFLJ.V4I2.1377
P. Jonathans
English textbook is supposed to display society traditions and civility to encourage intellectual conversation among students. Even at earliest stage, young students can grow thoughtful principles of living in diversity and respectful among multicultural and religious community. The heart of moral values in students� English book is expected to effectively address social and moral problems of society and to maintain the harmony of living. �My Pals are Here� English textbooks for primary schools, presents EFL/ESL Asia themes. This motivates one private primary school in Kupang, eastern Indonesia to use this book believing that their students are part of international and wider community and engaging them in more Asia perspectives with attractive and colorful world teaching them many good values. By elaborating humanistic approach in the book content, this book achieves to deliver daily issues encountered by Asian children living more progressively with the introduction of many discourses in Asia and beyond without such pigeon holed the context of the book to very narrow scope. This discussion paper therefore aims to look at and discuss the input established within the book through the language and topic contents, as well as social and cultural values underlying the content, and the virtues addressed to the children. Images built within this book depicted through illustrations, figures, negotiation of meanings and interaction which extensively encouraged and performed from tasks given. The textbook succeeds to show self-identity of Asia throughout the content. Keywords: Language Content; Subject Content; Moral Values; Images.
英语教科书应该展示社会传统和文明,鼓励学生之间的智力对话。即使在早期阶段,年轻的学生也可以在多元文化和宗教社区中培养多样性生活和尊重的思想原则。学生英语教材中道德价值观的核心是要有效地解决社会道德问题,维护社会和谐。《我的好朋友来了》小学英语教材,以亚洲为主题。这促使印度尼西亚东部古邦的一所私立小学使用这本书,相信他们的学生是国际和更广泛社区的一部分,并让他们接触到更多的亚洲视角和吸引人的丰富多彩的世界,教会他们许多良好的价值观。通过在书的内容中阐述人文主义的方法,这本书通过引入亚洲和其他地区的许多话语,更渐进地传达了亚洲儿童生活中遇到的日常问题,而不是将书的背景局限在非常狭窄的范围内。因此,本讨论文件旨在通过语言和主题内容,以及内容背后的社会和文化价值,以及向儿童提出的美德,来研究和讨论书中建立的输入。本书中的图像通过插图,数字,意义协商和互动来描述,广泛鼓励并执行给定的任务。这本教科书成功地在整个内容中展示了亚洲的自我认同。关键词:语言内容;主题内容;道德价值观;图像。
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引用次数: 1
THE IMPLEMENTATION OF TASK-BASED INSTRUCTION IN EFL TEACHING SPEAKING SKILL 任务型教学在英语口语教学中的实施
Pub Date : 2018-08-04 DOI: 10.25134/IEFLJ.V4I2.1371
H. Adiantika, Halim Purnomo
The present study aims to examine the implementation of task-based instruction in EFL teaching speaking skill. It covers the advantages and shortcomings faced by teachers and students in implementing task-based instruction particularly in teaching speaking skill. This study employs a qualitative approach by using a case study design. This study was initiated in one of senior high school in Kuningan covering one class of eleventh grade students. The data were obtained through interview and questionnaires. The findings showed that task-based instruction result in several advantages and shortcomings. It was found that task-based instruction enables students to be more active in teaching and learning process and it was also proven to enhance students� speaking skill. Meanwhile, there were also some shortcomings identified in this study i.e. teacher�s ability, time availability, and different students� proficiency level. Therefore, it is suggested to implement task-based instruction in a long time period and in a very proper way by considering different students� ability inside a certain classroom.Keywords: task-based instruction; teaching speaking skill; advantages and shortcomings of task-based instruction.
本研究旨在探讨任务型教学法在英语口语教学中的运用。它涵盖了教师和学生在实施任务型教学,特别是在口语技能教学中所面临的优势和不足。本研究采用个案研究设计的定性方法。本研究以昆宁安县某高中为研究对象,研究对象为高二一个班的学生。数据通过访谈和问卷调查获得。研究结果表明,任务型教学既有优势也有不足。研究发现,任务型教学使学生在教学和学习过程中更加积极主动,也被证明可以提高学生的口语技能。同时,本研究也发现了一些不足之处,即教师的能力、时间的可用性以及不同学生的熟练程度。因此,建议在一个特定的课堂中,根据不同学生的能力,在很长一段时间内,以非常适当的方式实施任务型教学。关键词:任务型教学;教学口语技巧;任务型教学的优缺点。
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引用次数: 12
期刊
Indonesian EFL Journal
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