Pub Date : 2021-12-01DOI: 10.47535/1991auoes30(2)035
Luminița Andone
Recently, the internationalization of higher education has been one of the topics on the agenda of researchers and representatives of educational institutions. Thus, I also approached this aspect in my research for my doctoral thesis. In the context of internationalization, education is considered a “strategic partner” that can decisively influence the development of the national economy. The management of educational institutions plays a strategic role at the branch level. The process of internationalization of the educational activity of institutions to obtain the competitive advantage is encouraged and supported by various means (market entry facilities, specialized assistance in the process of implementing investment projects) by the host countries governments. Globalization is seen as a continuous process, characterized by the particularities like the development of foreign investments, the amplification of export activities and the development of strategic alliances at the international level. Due to globalization, higher education has become more receptive to the forces of the international market by accentuating the cross-border movement not only of students, professors and researchers in universities but also by the extent of international cooperation, through the development of branches and extensions of universities in countries other than the host country of the institution. Higher education is no longer a sector dominated by the state monopoly but is increasingly targeted by the private sector, following the corporate model, with profit-loss balances and high rates of return on investment. The level of research funding in universities is an important factor in motivating the internationalization of higher education, especially for students in master and doctoral cycles. Many World Bank officials tend to see strengthening higher education as a key strategy for poverty reduction.
{"title":"GLOBALIZATION AND INTERNATIONALIZATION OF THE EDUCATION MANAGEMENT","authors":"Luminița Andone","doi":"10.47535/1991auoes30(2)035","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47535/1991auoes30(2)035","url":null,"abstract":"Recently, the internationalization of higher education has been one of the topics on the agenda of researchers and representatives of educational institutions. Thus, I also approached this aspect in my research for my doctoral thesis. In the context of internationalization, education is considered a “strategic partner” that can decisively influence the development of the national economy. The management of educational institutions plays a strategic role at the branch level. The process of internationalization of the educational activity of institutions to obtain the competitive advantage is encouraged and supported by various means (market entry facilities, specialized assistance in the process of implementing investment projects) by the host countries governments. Globalization is seen as a continuous process, characterized by the particularities like the development of foreign investments, the amplification of export activities and the development of strategic alliances at the international level. Due to globalization, higher education has become more receptive to the forces of the international market by accentuating the cross-border movement not only of students, professors and researchers in universities but also by the extent of international cooperation, through the development of branches and extensions of universities in countries other than the host country of the institution. Higher education is no longer a sector dominated by the state monopoly but is increasingly targeted by the private sector, following the corporate model, with profit-loss balances and high rates of return on investment. The level of research funding in universities is an important factor in motivating the internationalization of higher education, especially for students in master and doctoral cycles. Many World Bank officials tend to see strengthening higher education as a key strategy for poverty reduction.","PeriodicalId":53245,"journal":{"name":"Annals of the University of Oradea Economic Science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80013748","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-12-01DOI: 10.47535/1991auoes30(2)049
Cristina-Laura Abrudan
In the 1990s, the rise of the Internet throughout the world helped significantly the job of the English language teachers, in ways of having access to vast information and access to new methods of teaching foreign languages. We think that, back then, nobody thought of what technology and access to Internet would mean to us one day. But since the beginning of 2020, the world has been going through an unprecedented crisis. The pandemic has changed everything: family behaviour, schools, businesses, environment, and so on and so forth. The world has been divided into two: the businesses and companies that have been stopped and the sector of the jobs that continued working. Since many countries have faced lockdowns, subsequently many schools have closed their doors. The teachers have faced the situation of delivering courses using virtual classrooms, not matter how tech-shy they have been. Of course, online teaching English has both advantages and disadvantages. The question is simple: do the perks outweigh the downsides of teaching English online? The answer is difficult. It depends on every teacher. The present paper is trying to throw some light on this question.
{"title":"THE PERKS AND DOWNSIDES OF TEACHING ENGLISH ONLINE","authors":"Cristina-Laura Abrudan","doi":"10.47535/1991auoes30(2)049","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47535/1991auoes30(2)049","url":null,"abstract":"In the 1990s, the rise of the Internet throughout the world helped significantly the job of the English language teachers, in ways of having access to vast information and access to new methods of teaching foreign languages. We think that, back then, nobody thought of what technology and access to Internet would mean to us one day. But since the beginning of 2020, the world has been going through an unprecedented crisis. The pandemic has changed everything: family behaviour, schools, businesses, environment, and so on and so forth. The world has been divided into two: the businesses and companies that have been stopped and the sector of the jobs that continued working. Since many countries have faced lockdowns, subsequently many schools have closed their doors. The teachers have faced the situation of delivering courses using virtual classrooms, not matter how tech-shy they have been. Of course, online teaching English has both advantages and disadvantages. The question is simple: do the perks outweigh the downsides of teaching English online? The answer is difficult. It depends on every teacher. The present paper is trying to throw some light on this question.","PeriodicalId":53245,"journal":{"name":"Annals of the University of Oradea Economic Science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76811913","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-12-01DOI: 10.47535/1991auoes30(2)014
Afrodita Borma
The tourism industry has been one of the industries most affected by the pandemic. The borders were closed one by one, travel was limited or even banned, and people were asked to stay in their homes. For tourism, 2020 has been a continuous decline. In 2020, tourism was among the sectors most affected by the COVID-19 pandemic, due to the travel restrictions as well as other precautionary measures taken in response. In 2020, the number of nights spent at European Union (EU) tourist accommodation establishments totalled 1.4 billion, down by 52% compared with 2019. Market research confirms that 2020 has become the year of domestic tourism. 1 March 2021 marks a year since the beginning of the most difficult period in the tourism industry. People’s desire to travel has not disappeared, but their behaviour regarding the scheduling of the next vacation has changed. In 2021, tourists tend to choose more isolated destinations, with more green space and away from mass tourism. And while storm clouds appear to be dissipating in 2021 with the start of the vaccination campaign, there are still many questions about what this year’s trip will look like. As the pandemic shows no signs of stopping soon and the vaccination campaign is progressing slowly due to the limited number of vaccines and logistical organization problems, tourism cannot stop and wait for better times. And, moreover, the future of this industry seems at this moment an equation with unknown Ns. The challenges will be especially for those who receive tourists, because they must give them the confidence to start traveling again as in the past. The aim of European tourism policy is to maintain Europe’s position as a top tourist destination, while maximizing the industry’s contribution to growth and employment and promoting cooperation between EU countries. Business Magazine identified five key questions for tourism entrepreneurs to determine how and where tourists will spend their holidays in 2021.
{"title":"HOW THE PANDEMIC HAS CHANGED THE TOURISM INDUSTRY","authors":"Afrodita Borma","doi":"10.47535/1991auoes30(2)014","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47535/1991auoes30(2)014","url":null,"abstract":"The tourism industry has been one of the industries most affected by the pandemic. The borders were closed one by one, travel was limited or even banned, and people were asked to stay in their homes. For tourism, 2020 has been a continuous decline. In 2020, tourism was among the sectors most affected by the COVID-19 pandemic, due to the travel restrictions as well as other precautionary measures taken in response. In 2020, the number of nights spent at European Union (EU) tourist accommodation establishments totalled 1.4 billion, down by 52% compared with 2019. Market research confirms that 2020 has become the year of domestic tourism. 1 March 2021 marks a year since the beginning of the most difficult period in the tourism industry. People’s desire to travel has not disappeared, but their behaviour regarding the scheduling of the next vacation has changed. In 2021, tourists tend to choose more isolated destinations, with more green space and away from mass tourism. And while storm clouds appear to be dissipating in 2021 with the start of the vaccination campaign, there are still many questions about what this year’s trip will look like. As the pandemic shows no signs of stopping soon and the vaccination campaign is progressing slowly due to the limited number of vaccines and logistical organization problems, tourism cannot stop and wait for better times. And, moreover, the future of this industry seems at this moment an equation with unknown Ns. The challenges will be especially for those who receive tourists, because they must give them the confidence to start traveling again as in the past. The aim of European tourism policy is to maintain Europe’s position as a top tourist destination, while maximizing the industry’s contribution to growth and employment and promoting cooperation between EU countries. Business Magazine identified five key questions for tourism entrepreneurs to determine how and where tourists will spend their holidays in 2021.","PeriodicalId":53245,"journal":{"name":"Annals of the University of Oradea Economic Science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84082723","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-12-01DOI: 10.47535/1991auoes30(2)001
Kinga-Erzsébet Bakó, Árpád-Zoltán Fülöp, A. Stanciu
The financial stability of public enterprises in the field of water and sewer must be a vital feature. An economically unstable enterprise, which is threatened by incapacity for payment and bankruptcy, cannot ensure an activity of general public interest. This empirical research is based on the data obtained from the annual financial statements of regional water and sewerage operations in Romania for 2014-2019. Based on these data we calculated working capital, working capital requirements and net treasury. The processed data were grouped by the seven development regions and the average values were calculated. In the research we started from the average values at national level, comparing them with the average values obtained by development regions. Although there are quite large deviations from one development region to another compared to the national average, in all regional water and sewerage operators the net treasury has positive value. We examined whether there is a correlation between the economic performance of a water and sewerage operator and the three variables: working capital, required working capital and net treasury. The result of the statistical analysis is significant and confirms the existence of this correlation. The existing correlation does not determine the direction of the correlation, i.e. whether the net profit has an effect on working capital, working capital requirements and net treasury or vice versa. The research shows that public enterprises in the water and sewerage sector are financially stable in the period 2014-2019. We in the conclusions also presented the possibilities for expanding the research in future periods.
{"title":"ECONOMIC AND FINANCIAL STABILITY FOR WATER AND WASTEWATER OPERATORS IN ROMANIA","authors":"Kinga-Erzsébet Bakó, Árpád-Zoltán Fülöp, A. Stanciu","doi":"10.47535/1991auoes30(2)001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47535/1991auoes30(2)001","url":null,"abstract":"The financial stability of public enterprises in the field of water and sewer must be a vital feature. An economically unstable enterprise, which is threatened by incapacity for payment and bankruptcy, cannot ensure an activity of general public interest. This empirical research is based on the data obtained from the annual financial statements of regional water and sewerage operations in Romania for 2014-2019. Based on these data we calculated working capital, working capital requirements and net treasury. The processed data were grouped by the seven development regions and the average values were calculated. In the research we started from the average values at national level, comparing them with the average values obtained by development regions. Although there are quite large deviations from one development region to another compared to the national average, in all regional water and sewerage operators the net treasury has positive value. We examined whether there is a correlation between the economic performance of a water and sewerage operator and the three variables: working capital, required working capital and net treasury. The result of the statistical analysis is significant and confirms the existence of this correlation. The existing correlation does not determine the direction of the correlation, i.e. whether the net profit has an effect on working capital, working capital requirements and net treasury or vice versa. The research shows that public enterprises in the water and sewerage sector are financially stable in the period 2014-2019. We in the conclusions also presented the possibilities for expanding the research in future periods.","PeriodicalId":53245,"journal":{"name":"Annals of the University of Oradea Economic Science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79118606","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Since 1970, the intensity of implementing budgetary policies in the two categories of states, developed states, and emerging states, has been observed in Europe. These policies had the effect of increasing the levels of taxation, also called progressive taxation, at that time. To stop this phenomenon of progressive taxation, the Maastricht Treaty and then the Stability and Growth Pact have had the effect of forcing states to adopt different fiscal policies to reduce the feeling of fiscal pressure made necessary by budgetary deficiencies and public debt accumulated over time. In fact, since the 1990s, each Member State of the European Union has interpreted the treaties mentioned above separately; some states reduced spending, while others preferred to impose more significant fiscal pressure on citizens by raising taxes and fees. In our article, we analyze and disseminate the general fiscal pressure of some developed countries in the European Union. We identify the economic priority indicators that influence the phenomenon of fiscal pressure, such as the level of direct taxes, indirect taxes, the growth rate of gross domestic product, and the level of public debt, providing an overview of economic development over the last three decades.To this end, the authors have developed an econometric model that captures the factors that influence the fiscal pressure in several developed countries of the European Union in the period 1995-2018.
{"title":"THE EVOLUTION OF FISCAL PRESSURE IN DEVELOPED E.U. COUNTRIES AND ITS DETERMINANTS","authors":"Raluca Andreea Ghețu, Cristina-Simona Căpățînă, PETRE Brezeanu","doi":"10.47535/1991auoes30(2)025","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47535/1991auoes30(2)025","url":null,"abstract":"Since 1970, the intensity of implementing budgetary policies in the two categories of states, developed states, and emerging states, has been observed in Europe. These policies had the effect of increasing the levels of taxation, also called progressive taxation, at that time. To stop this phenomenon of progressive taxation, the Maastricht Treaty and then the Stability and Growth Pact have had the effect of forcing states to adopt different fiscal policies to reduce the feeling of fiscal pressure made necessary by budgetary deficiencies and public debt accumulated over time. In fact, since the 1990s, each Member State of the European Union has interpreted the treaties mentioned above separately; some states reduced spending, while others preferred to impose more significant fiscal pressure on citizens by raising taxes and fees. In our article, we analyze and disseminate the general fiscal pressure of some developed countries in the European Union. We identify the economic priority indicators that influence the phenomenon of fiscal pressure, such as the level of direct taxes, indirect taxes, the growth rate of gross domestic product, and the level of public debt, providing an overview of economic development over the last three decades.To this end, the authors have developed an econometric model that captures the factors that influence the fiscal pressure in several developed countries of the European Union in the period 1995-2018.","PeriodicalId":53245,"journal":{"name":"Annals of the University of Oradea Economic Science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78785039","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-12-01DOI: 10.47535/1991auoes30(2)045
Dana-Teodora Mierluț, Adriana Giurgiu
The Economic Competitiveness is a term which has a significant importance in the welfare of a country and also in the development of a company. A simple definition says that competitiveness is the ability of a state or even a firm to put in the market products and services that have a high quality and, in addition, are competitive with others in terms of price; being able to bring some profit after covering all the expenses appeared in the production process. The main objective of this paperwork is to emphasize which factors drive the evolution of the economic competitiveness. It is influenced by internal factors – in a microeconomic perspective –, as well as external factors – in a macroeconomic point of view, factors such as: division of labour, specialization, assets (resources), processes and institutions and government policies. The study is based on the specialized literature in the economic field, precisely the one which influence the economic competitiveness. Economic competitiveness is a complicated notion shaped by a multitude of factors, it appears that utilizing multiple or mixed indicators (indexes) of competitiveness is the most relevant technique to estimate its level. Although the traditional theory of comparative advantage controlled global trade thinking for a long time, it is now regarded as an insufficient justification for firms’ competitive advantage in today’s business climate. Advances in technology and innovation, as well as some environmental resource limitation issues, have generated new options for obtaining, preserving, and also enhancing productivity versus opponents in an incredibly challenging, worldwide economy.
{"title":"THE PRINCIPAL FACTORS THAT DRIVE THE ECONOMIC COMPETITIVENESS","authors":"Dana-Teodora Mierluț, Adriana Giurgiu","doi":"10.47535/1991auoes30(2)045","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47535/1991auoes30(2)045","url":null,"abstract":"The Economic Competitiveness is a term which has a significant importance in the welfare of a country and also in the development of a company. A simple definition says that competitiveness is the ability of a state or even a firm to put in the market products and services that have a high quality and, in addition, are competitive with others in terms of price; being able to bring some profit after covering all the expenses appeared in the production process. The main objective of this paperwork is to emphasize which factors drive the evolution of the economic competitiveness. It is influenced by internal factors – in a microeconomic perspective –, as well as external factors – in a macroeconomic point of view, factors such as: division of labour, specialization, assets (resources), processes and institutions and government policies. The study is based on the specialized literature in the economic field, precisely the one which influence the economic competitiveness. Economic competitiveness is a complicated notion shaped by a multitude of factors, it appears that utilizing multiple or mixed indicators (indexes) of competitiveness is the most relevant technique to estimate its level. Although the traditional theory of comparative advantage controlled global trade thinking for a long time, it is now regarded as an insufficient justification for firms’ competitive advantage in today’s business climate. Advances in technology and innovation, as well as some environmental resource limitation issues, have generated new options for obtaining, preserving, and also enhancing productivity versus opponents in an incredibly challenging, worldwide economy.","PeriodicalId":53245,"journal":{"name":"Annals of the University of Oradea Economic Science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76438207","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-12-01DOI: 10.47535/1991auoes30(2)027
Tibor x Tibor TARNÓCZI, E. Kulcsár
Today, rapid and unpredictable changes in the economy, globalization, the technical revolution, competition intensification, the reviving of the service industry required rethinking the concept of corporate competitiveness. An important determinant of corporate successfulness consists in that knowledge and adequate information which positively contribute to the corporate value creation. Those intangible capital elements that play a crucial role in sustainable corporate value creation are intellectual capital. The knowledge, skills and competencies of managers and employees customer relations, the company’s organizational structure are the main components of intellectual capital. Today, the software and the knowledge-based economies support the fact that the importance of intellectual capital has been growing in all sectors of the economy. The main aim of this study is to investigate the relationship between intellectual capital and corporate performance. To these, we carried out a comparative analysis of value added by intellectual capital for companies acting in different sectors from two neighbouring counties from Romania (Bihor) and Hungary (Hajdú-Bihar). The analysis is based on the financial statements for five years (2014-2018) of companies operating in agriculture, construction, manufacturing, wholesale trading, retail trade and transportation. We used the Value Added Intellectual Coefficient (VAIC) from Scorecard Methods as a measurement of intellectual capital. The investigation of the relationship between firms’ performance and intellectual capital was performed using panel regression, where the established dependent variables were Operating Return on Assets (OROA), Operating Return on Sales (OROS) and the explanatory VAIC components: HCE, SCE, CCE. In the case of Romanian companies, a medium-strong correlation can be observed between OROA and VAIC components. In the case of Hungarian firms also a medium-strong correlation can be observed between OROS and VAIC components.
{"title":"COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF VALUE ADDED INTELLECTUAL CAPITAL AT SMALL AND MEDIUM ENTERPRISES","authors":"Tibor x Tibor TARNÓCZI, E. Kulcsár","doi":"10.47535/1991auoes30(2)027","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47535/1991auoes30(2)027","url":null,"abstract":"Today, rapid and unpredictable changes in the economy, globalization, the technical revolution, competition intensification, the reviving of the service industry required rethinking the concept of corporate competitiveness. An important determinant of corporate successfulness consists in that knowledge and adequate information which positively contribute to the corporate value creation. Those intangible capital elements that play a crucial role in sustainable corporate value creation are intellectual capital. The knowledge, skills and competencies of managers and employees customer relations, the company’s organizational structure are the main components of intellectual capital. Today, the software and the knowledge-based economies support the fact that the importance of intellectual capital has been growing in all sectors of the economy. The main aim of this study is to investigate the relationship between intellectual capital and corporate performance. To these, we carried out a comparative analysis of value added by intellectual capital for companies acting in different sectors from two neighbouring counties from Romania (Bihor) and Hungary (Hajdú-Bihar). The analysis is based on the financial statements for five years (2014-2018) of companies operating in agriculture, construction, manufacturing, wholesale trading, retail trade and transportation. We used the Value Added Intellectual Coefficient (VAIC) from Scorecard Methods as a measurement of intellectual capital. The investigation of the relationship between firms’ performance and intellectual capital was performed using panel regression, where the established dependent variables were Operating Return on Assets (OROA), Operating Return on Sales (OROS) and the explanatory VAIC components: HCE, SCE, CCE. In the case of Romanian companies, a medium-strong correlation can be observed between OROA and VAIC components. In the case of Hungarian firms also a medium-strong correlation can be observed between OROS and VAIC components.","PeriodicalId":53245,"journal":{"name":"Annals of the University of Oradea Economic Science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"72453164","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-12-01DOI: 10.47535/1991auoes30(2)021
Alina Baba
The technological transfer entities can obtain income by establishing robust partnerships with the business environment and using the fiscal facilities offered by the region where they produce the innovation, applying for non-refundable funds, attracting individual donors, charging a membership contribution to the organization members, exploitation of innovation produced by the sale of intellectual property. A robust innovation ecosystem is based on public and private investments which complement each other to reduce the risks and to divide profits by increasing the capacity of innovation and technological transfer of the technological transfer entities. The Gauss distributions are continuous probability distributions. These are” normal” distributions which illustrate the likelihood that a certain event takes place. A gauss distribution has the shape of a bell with most values distributed around the average value and can be fully described by variance and mean. A classic example is the distribution of patents value or profit obtained because of sale of intellectual property rights. The Pareto-type distributions are found in other phenomena around us, such as the size of economic entities follows a Pareto distribution. Pareto-type distributions are more suitable to describe the economic phenomena than the Gauss distributions, for instance, 80% of the world richness is held by 20% of population (principle 80-20 which means 80% of results are caused by 20% of causes). The innovation phenomenon is deeply systemic, multifactorial, multifunctional, dynamic and complex, determined by the whole socio-economic background which influences the innovation ecosystem. Therefore, its study for the highlighting of the intervention opportunities at level of fiscal and financial policies, but also at operational level, requires an adequate, multilateral and complete systemic approach.
{"title":"DOES THE PARETO PRINCIPLE APPLY IN THE INNOVATION FIELD IN ROMANIA?","authors":"Alina Baba","doi":"10.47535/1991auoes30(2)021","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47535/1991auoes30(2)021","url":null,"abstract":"The technological transfer entities can obtain income by establishing robust partnerships with the business environment and using the fiscal facilities offered by the region where they produce the innovation, applying for non-refundable funds, attracting individual donors, charging a membership contribution to the organization members, exploitation of innovation produced by the sale of intellectual property. A robust innovation ecosystem is based on public and private investments which complement each other to reduce the risks and to divide profits by increasing the capacity of innovation and technological transfer of the technological transfer entities. The Gauss distributions are continuous probability distributions. These are” normal” distributions which illustrate the likelihood that a certain event takes place. A gauss distribution has the shape of a bell with most values distributed around the average value and can be fully described by variance and mean. A classic example is the distribution of patents value or profit obtained because of sale of intellectual property rights. The Pareto-type distributions are found in other phenomena around us, such as the size of economic entities follows a Pareto distribution. Pareto-type distributions are more suitable to describe the economic phenomena than the Gauss distributions, for instance, 80% of the world richness is held by 20% of population (principle 80-20 which means 80% of results are caused by 20% of causes). The innovation phenomenon is deeply systemic, multifactorial, multifunctional, dynamic and complex, determined by the whole socio-economic background which influences the innovation ecosystem. Therefore, its study for the highlighting of the intervention opportunities at level of fiscal and financial policies, but also at operational level, requires an adequate, multilateral and complete systemic approach.","PeriodicalId":53245,"journal":{"name":"Annals of the University of Oradea Economic Science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86950184","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-12-01DOI: 10.47535/1991auoes30(2)007
K. Doan
Currently, entrepreneurship is identified as an important factor for contributing to the economic development of the nation as well as the change of society. Entrepreneurship creates wealth, jobs, and economic growth in the country. Furthermore, a prominent feature of entrepreneurship is the enhancement of the country’s competitiveness. Therefore, building and improving the nation’s entrepreneurship is an urgent requirement to promote the country’s competitiveness in the best way. In this paper, the relationship between national competitiveness and entrepreneurship is confirmed through quantitative analysis methods. In addition, the influence of entrepreneurship on the national competitiveness of countries in the world is also introduced. The specific objective of the study is to present two related indexes, namely the global entrepreneurship index and the global competitiveness index. Furthermore, through the assessment and comparison of these two indicators, the study also analyzes the relationship between entrepreneurship and national competitiveness. The paper’s analysis is based on data covering 124 observed samples, provided by the Global Entrepreneurship Monitor in 2019 and the Global Competitiveness Report in 2019. Besides, analytical methods such as the graphic method, regression method were also performed. From this, it proved that there is existence a close relationship between the two indicators. The results show that the more entrepreneurship is raised, the more competitive the country will be. Therefore, the government needs to have policies that contribute to the development of national entrepreneurship. Herein, can contribute to supporting and promoting the competitiveness of the country. Finally, the presented results contribute to the promotion of studies assessing the influence of entrepreneurship and startups on national competitiveness. The paper ends with some discussion of the results and implications of the study.
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Pub Date : 2021-12-01DOI: 10.47535/1991auoes30(2)036
V. Munteanu, P. Dragoș
The adoption of Agile methodologies is one of the biggest topics in large organisations and many IT departments nowadays. Banks must introduce new flexible approaches to keep up with the changes in the market, especially regarding the new digital technologies. Large enterprises in all information system programs have implemented Agile approaches because of the widespread benefits. Unlike traditional development model, agile guidelines encourage businesses to follow a straightforward and data-oriented procedure and continually test and learn, rather than producing a final product before testing. This research aims to explore the benefits of Agile approaches in the banking industry and the problems with implementing such methods in product development processes. This study also leads to speedy marketing by offering a minimum viable product (MVP) that satisfies consumers’ needs and can be easily adapted. Although various studies explored the implementation of agile principles in multiple contexts, this research is based primarily on the banking software industry. The banking sector must transform itself, to become more digital. However, digital processes are not as simple as in other sectors because banks operate on regulated markets, making it even more challenging to adopt Agile methods. In conjunction with the Agile approaches, this study also illustrates the current management practices. This research is mostly theoretical and qualitative, attempting to complete an existing gap by thoroughly reviewing the existing literature on Agile methodologies for software development and reviewing the standards for banks’ software development life cycles. Managing the regulatory climate in which banks work is an essential challenge in optimizing agility. This paper’s findings contribute to the field by offering an insight into how Agile approaches can be implemented on the banking setting by analysing the existing literature, with a focus on financial software development.
{"title":"A THEORETICAL VIEW ABOUT AGILE MANAGEMENT IN BANK SECTOR","authors":"V. Munteanu, P. Dragoș","doi":"10.47535/1991auoes30(2)036","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47535/1991auoes30(2)036","url":null,"abstract":"The adoption of Agile methodologies is one of the biggest topics in large organisations and many IT departments nowadays. Banks must introduce new flexible approaches to keep up with the changes in the market, especially regarding the new digital technologies. Large enterprises in all information system programs have implemented Agile approaches because of the widespread benefits. Unlike traditional development model, agile guidelines encourage businesses to follow a straightforward and data-oriented procedure and continually test and learn, rather than producing a final product before testing. This research aims to explore the benefits of Agile approaches in the banking industry and the problems with implementing such methods in product development processes. This study also leads to speedy marketing by offering a minimum viable product (MVP) that satisfies consumers’ needs and can be easily adapted. Although various studies explored the implementation of agile principles in multiple contexts, this research is based primarily on the banking software industry. The banking sector must transform itself, to become more digital. However, digital processes are not as simple as in other sectors because banks operate on regulated markets, making it even more challenging to adopt Agile methods. In conjunction with the Agile approaches, this study also illustrates the current management practices. This research is mostly theoretical and qualitative, attempting to complete an existing gap by thoroughly reviewing the existing literature on Agile methodologies for software development and reviewing the standards for banks’ software development life cycles. Managing the regulatory climate in which banks work is an essential challenge in optimizing agility. This paper’s findings contribute to the field by offering an insight into how Agile approaches can be implemented on the banking setting by analysing the existing literature, with a focus on financial software development.","PeriodicalId":53245,"journal":{"name":"Annals of the University of Oradea Economic Science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77615017","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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