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Prospect of the Hotel Health and Sports Section in China during the Epidemic 疫情期间中国酒店卫生与体育部门的展望
Q3 Environmental Science Pub Date : 2023-11-02 DOI: 10.5814/j.issn.1674-764x.2023.06.021
Zhu Xinyi
The economic benefits of hotels are the basic conditions for their survival and development in the market environment, and are also the fundamental purpose for engaging in various business activities. Therefore, while facing great survival challenges from declining occupancy rates and catering activities during the epidemic, it is beneficial for hotels to effectively improve their recreation benefits. People are focusing more on health these days, so the health and sports section in the recreational industry is increasingly popular. Therefore, developing more attractive health and sports projects is a must for hotels to increase the consumption level, improve consumer satisfaction, and improve their social as well as economic benefits. Through various methods of analysis, such as literature analysis and comparative analysis, this study summarizes the transformation and development problems confronted by China's hotel industry in the process of development. At the same time, combined with the relevant data and reports from recent years, and starting from the health and sports items of hotels in China, this study then analyzes the existing value of hotel health and sports projects, and constructs a comprehensive framework for the future development direction and prospects of hotel health and sports items. The results show three main aspects of this system. (1) The potential of China's tourism market is huge, and as the number of domestic star hotels has been increasing year by year, the competition in the hotel market has become more and more fierce, which provides both a challenge and an opportunity for the current hotel industry. (2) Under the impact of the new COVID-19 epidemic, the consumer demand of hotel customers has shown a more distinctive difference, and the establishment of recreational projects will be one of the important means for promoting the development of the hotel. (3) By improving the internal and external publicity approaches, hotels can establish member mechanisms, combine tradition with innovation, actively carry out thematic activities, and organize online projects for the innovation of the body, etc., and all of these efforts are of great significance for the future development of the hotel. The results of this study provide theoretical support for the innovation model of the hotel industry in the new age, and are of practical significance for the development of the hotel industry.
酒店的经济效益是酒店在市场环境中生存和发展的基本条件,也是酒店从事各种经营活动的根本目的。因此,在疫情期间,酒店在面对入住率下降和餐饮活动的巨大生存挑战的同时,有效提高酒店的娱乐效益是有益的。如今,人们越来越关注健康,因此娱乐行业的健康和体育板块越来越受欢迎。因此,开发更具吸引力的健康和体育项目是酒店提高消费水平,提高消费者满意度,提高社会效益和经济效益的必要条件。本研究通过文献分析法、比较分析法等多种分析方法,总结出中国酒店业在发展过程中所面临的转型发展问题。同时,结合近年来的相关数据和报告,从中国酒店健康和体育项目入手,分析酒店健康和体育项目的现有价值,构建酒店健康和体育项目未来发展方向和前景的综合框架。结果显示了该系统的三个主要方面。(1)中国旅游市场潜力巨大,随着国内星级酒店数量的逐年增加,酒店市场的竞争也越来越激烈,这对目前的酒店行业来说既是挑战也是机遇。(2)在新型冠状病毒疫情的影响下,酒店客户的消费需求呈现出更加明显的差异,休闲项目的建立将是推动酒店发展的重要手段之一。(3)酒店通过完善内外部宣传方式,建立会员机制,将传统与创新相结合,积极开展主题活动,组织在线主体创新项目等,这些努力对酒店未来的发展具有重要意义。本研究结果为新时期酒店业的创新模式提供了理论支持,对酒店业的发展具有现实意义。
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引用次数: 0
Charcoal Wastes-to-Fuel Energy Conversion for Circular Economy and Environmental Sustainability in the Global South: a Case of Wood Charcoal Industry in Tanzania 全球南方循环经济和环境可持续性的木炭废物转化为燃料能源:坦桑尼亚木质木炭工业的案例
Q3 Environmental Science Pub Date : 2023-11-02 DOI: 10.5814/j.issn.1674-764x.2023.06.004
Norbert J. Ngowi
Low efficiency of earth kilns used in the carbonising process of wood to make charcoal has been reported as one of the sources of increasing charcoal wastes in the global south. However, the potential link and approaches of converting charcoal wastes-to-valuable energy and for the environmental health is not well known in Africa. Promoting local community capacity engagement in the production and reutilisation of recycled charcoal wastes at the households' level is one of important measures to maintain environmental services for sustainability since households make decisions on the type of energy used. This paper, presents an approach of converting charcoal wastes to fuel energy for rural households and environmental health in Kilosa District, Tanzania. To achieve the objective of this research, the primary data were collected through interviews held with 298 randomly selected households, Focus Group Discussions and observations. IBM SPSS statistics version 20 Cross tab tools were used in the data analysis. Results revealed that the conversion of charcoal wastes-to-fuel energy approach used in this research demonstrates the ability of recyclable briquettes made from the locally available charcoal pollutants collected at different stages from earth kilns, to selling centers, improves tree harvest behaviour, adds another fuel energy source through reutilisation, and ultimate reduces pollution at the local level. Thus, the study provides a basis for policymakers to adopt charcoal wastes recycling strategies to address matters related to energy and ultimately enhances environmental health for sustainable development in Tanzania and beyond.
据报道,在木材炭化过程中使用的土窑效率低,这是全球南方增加木炭废物的来源之一。然而,将木炭废物转化为有价值的能源和促进环境健康的潜在联系和方法在非洲并不为人所熟知。促进地方社区能力参与家庭一级再生木炭废物的生产和再利用,是维持环境服务的可持续性的重要措施之一,因为家庭可以决定所使用的能源类型。本文介绍了坦桑尼亚基洛萨区将木炭废物转化为燃料能源的方法,用于农村家庭和环境卫生。为了达到本研究的目的,本研究通过随机抽取298户家庭进行访谈、焦点小组讨论和观察等方式收集初步数据。采用IBM SPSS statistics version 20 Cross tab工具进行数据分析。结果表明,本研究中使用的将木炭废物转化为燃料能源的方法表明,从土窑到销售中心的不同阶段收集的当地可用的木炭污染物制成可回收的压块的能力,改善了树木的采伐行为,通过再利用增加了另一种燃料能源,最终减少了当地的污染。因此,这项研究为决策者采取木炭废物回收战略以解决与能源有关的问题并最终加强环境卫生,促进坦桑尼亚及其他地区的可持续发展提供了基础。
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引用次数: 0
How Does Spatial Heterogeneity Affect Industrial Outputs? Literature Review and Research Prospects 空间异质性如何影响工业产出?文献综述与研究展望
Q3 Environmental Science Pub Date : 2023-11-02 DOI: 10.5814/j.issn.1674-764x.2023.06.010
Xie Ailiang, Fauziah Che Leh, Norimah Rambeli
The impact of spatial heterogeneity on industrial outputs is a new important topic in economic geography. A considerable amount of research literature has accumulated, but the academic community lacks a systematic and comprehensive review and consensus on this topic. This study carried out research by mining the relevant classical literature. This investigation first combed the connotation of spatial heterogeneity, which is both corresponding to and related to spatial dependence. Theorists generally acknowledge that there is spatial heterogeneity in the process of industrial outputs. Then this study summarizes the logical basis, relationship coordination, measurement and other aspects of the effect of spatial heterogeneity on industrial outputs. In analyzing the impact of spatial heterogeneity on industrial outputs, we should not ignore the spatial dimension, but must also pay attention to the heterogeneity of individual enterprises. Industrial output analysis needs to be based on the relationship between spatial heterogeneity and spatial dependence. The influence of spatial heterogeneity on industrial outputs and the degree of differences among observation objects can be measured by econometric methods. The common indicators for measuring and quantitatively describing the impact of spatial heterogeneity on industrial outputs mainly include semivariogram, the spatial expansion model and the geographical weighted regression model. Finally, some directions of future research are pointed out in order to provide useful ideas for future theoretical research and industrial practice.
空间异质性对工业产出的影响是经济地理学中一个新的重要课题。虽然已经积累了大量的研究文献,但学术界对这一课题缺乏系统、全面的综述和共识。本研究通过挖掘相关古典文献进行研究。本研究首先梳理了空间异质性的内涵,空间异质性既对应于空间依赖性,又与空间依赖性相关。理论学家普遍认为,在工业产出过程中存在空间异质性。然后总结了空间异质性对工业产出影响的逻辑基础、关系协调、测度等方面。在分析空间异质性对产业产出的影响时,既不能忽视空间维度,也必须关注个体企业的异质性。工业产出分析需要基于空间异质性和空间依赖性之间的关系。空间异质性对工业产出的影响以及观测对象之间的差异程度可以通过计量经济学方法来衡量。测度和定量描述空间异质性对工业产出影响的常用指标主要有半变异函数、空间扩展模型和地理加权回归模型。最后指出了今后的研究方向,以期为今后的理论研究和工业实践提供有益的思路。
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引用次数: 0
Temporal Variation Characteristics of Negative Air ion Concentration and Air Quality Evaluation in Songshan National Nature Reserve, Beijing 北京松山国家级自然保护区空气负离子浓度时空变化特征及空气质量评价
Q3 Environmental Science Pub Date : 2023-11-02 DOI: 10.5814/j.issn.1674-764x.2023.06.005
Hao Peiwen, Shi Changqing, Zhao Yining, Xin Chengshu, Cao Yue, Zhao Tingning
Abstract: The aim of this study was to investigate the temporal characteristics of negative air ion concentration in the Songshan National Nature Reserve, Beijing. Hence, three typical forest stands and a nonforested land control group were selected during the growing season of May to October. The ion concentration was monitored using the Japanese COM-3200PRO negative air ion detector, and the air quality was evaluated using the amperometric air ion evaluation index method. The results showed that the diurnal variation of negative air ion concentration in the typical forest stands exhibited “double peak” curves, except for Betula dahurica forest in spring. The peak values of the annual growth season were attained between 9:00 and 11:00 as well as 16:00 and 17:00, and the trough value was attained at approximately 13:00. The monthly concentration variation characteristics in the stands showed “single peaks”, with the exception of the Juglans mandshurica forest. The negative air ion concentration was higher in July, August, and September both inside and outside the forest. The seasonal concentration variation characteristics showed that the negative air ion concentration inside and outside the forest followed the relation: summer (833±150 ion cm–3) > autumn (735±174 ion cm–3) > spring (632±178 ion cm–3). From the air quality evaluation, the average CI value of the forested land was 0.75±0.26, indicating that the air was clean. The average CI value of the nonforested land was 0.31±0.04; the air quality was within an acceptable range. Overall, the concentration of each stand followed the relation: Juglans mandshurica (0.83±0.11) > Tilia mongolica (0.74±0.10) > Betula dahurica (0.67±0.13) > nonforested land (0.31±0.04). Varied forest stands have different temporal characteristics for negative air ion concentration and air quality. Using forest resources wisely, it is possible to significantly enhance the air quality in the Songshan National Nature Reserve.
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引用次数: 0
A Wind Tunnel Study of the Shelter Effect of Different Vegetation Patterns of Caragana korshinskii 柠条不同植被模式遮挡效应的风洞研究
Q3 Environmental Science Pub Date : 2023-11-02 DOI: 10.5814/j.issn.1674-764x.2023.06.014
Danish Bhutto, Li Wanying, Xiao Huijie
Windbreaks are important measures for reducing wind erosion in arid and semi-arid areas. A series of experiments were conducted in a wind tunnel to assess the effectiveness of different vegetation patterns (uniform, random, and cluster) of simulated Caragana korshinskii stands on wind speed. The uniform pattern provided a better shelter effect and was optimal at a density of 50%. The protected area and the wind reduction ratio increased and the downwind minimum wind speed decreased with an increase in the number of rows and a reduction in the belt's spacing. The locations of minimum wind speed (Xmin) were similar in arrangements with single-, two- and three-row belts. At the leeward distance close to vegetation (≤5 H, where H is the height of the plants), the efficiencies of vegetation patterns with high densities were greater than those of multiple-row belts and similar to those of multiple-belt shelterbelts; but at the leeward distance >5 H, the relationship was reversed. The single-row belt was the least effective, and the double-belt shelterbelt with belt spacing of 4 H was the most effective pattern. Multiple-belt shelterbelts had a lower downwind wind speed and a longer sheltering length than the other patterns, and so it is recommended windbreaks designed to reduce wind speed and control aeolian erosion in arid and semi-arid areas.
防风林是干旱半干旱区减少风蚀的重要措施。通过风洞试验,研究了柠条人工林不同植被模式(均匀、随机、聚类)对风速的影响。均匀的格局提供了更好的遮蔽效果,并且在密度为50%时是最佳的。随着排数的增加和带间距的减小,保护地面积和风消减比增大,下风最小风速减小。最小风速(Xmin)的位置在单排带、二排带和三排带布置上是相似的。在接近植被的背风距离(≤5 H,其中H为植物高度),高密度植被格局的效率大于多排带,与多排防护林相似;但在背风距离>5 H时,关系相反。单排防护林效果最差,防护林间距为4 H的双带防护林效果最好。多带式防护林的下风向风速较低,防护林长度较长,因此建议在干旱半干旱区设计防风林,以降低风速和控制风蚀。
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引用次数: 0
The Effect of Upgrading the Dietary Structure of Residents on Non-grain Production of Cultivated Land 居民膳食结构升级对耕地非粮食生产的影响
Q3 Environmental Science Pub Date : 2023-11-02 DOI: 10.5814/j.issn.1674-764x.2023.06.022
Chen Qianru, Wu Manyu, Zeng Hongchen, Luo Shilong
The impact of dietary structure adjustments among residents on the utilization of arable land has attracted academic attention. This study used the time series data for the dietary structure of residents from 1992 to 2021 in China to explore the dynamic impact mechanism of dietary structure upgrading on non-grain production by using VAR model, and analyzed the direction and degree of impact by using impulse response diagram and variance decomposition. This analysis indicated five key features of this system. (1) The average value of the non-grain production rate was 31.02% during the period of 1992–2021, and it showed a fluctuating upward trend. (2) The proportion of plant food consumption by the residents was decreasing and the proportion of animal food was increasing, and the structure of food consumption was shifting from singular to diversified. (3) The intake levels of protein, fat, dietary fibre, and calcium showed fluctuating upward trends, and the intakes of energy and carbohydrate showed a fluctuating downward trends, and the change in the dietary nutrient intake level of residents was consistent with the trend of change in the per capita food consumption structure. (4) On the whole, protein, fat and calcium intake had positive effects on non-grain production, indicating that increases in animal food consumption would aggravate the non-grain production. (5) Overall, energy, protein, and calcium intakes had greater impacts on non-grain production. The results of this study can provide scientific support for the non-grain governance strategy of arable land and the decisions regarding arable land protection from the concept of “an all-encompassing approach to food”. These results also have positive significance for optimizing the mode of arable land use, improving the efficiency of arable land use and ensuring food security under the background of dietary structure adjustments and upgrading.
居民膳食结构调整对耕地利用的影响已引起学术界的关注。本研究利用1992 - 2021年中国居民膳食结构时间序列数据,运用VAR模型探讨膳食结构升级对非粮食生产的动态影响机制,并运用脉冲响应图和方差分解分析影响方向和影响程度。分析指出了该系统的五个关键特征。(1) 1992-2021年非粮食产出率平均值为31.02%,呈波动上升趋势;(2)居民对植物性食物的消费比例呈下降趋势,对动物性食物的消费比例呈上升趋势,食物消费结构由单一向多元化转变。(3)蛋白质、脂肪、膳食纤维和钙的摄入水平呈波动上升趋势,能量和碳水化合物的摄入呈波动下降趋势,居民膳食营养素摄入水平的变化与人均食物消费结构的变化趋势一致。(4)总体上,蛋白质、脂肪和钙的摄取量对非粮食产量有正向影响,表明动物性食品摄取量的增加会加剧非粮食产量。(5)总体而言,能量、蛋白质和钙摄入量对非粮食生产的影响较大。研究结果可为“包罗万象”理念下的耕地非粮食治理策略和耕地保护决策提供科学支持。研究结果对于在膳食结构调整升级背景下优化耕地利用方式、提高耕地利用效率、保障粮食安全也具有积极意义。
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引用次数: 0
Tourism Development in Globally Important Agricultural Heritage System Areas in Japan: Making Stories and Experience-Based Products 日本全球重要农业文化遗产地区的旅游开发:制作故事与体验产品
Q3 Environmental Science Pub Date : 2023-11-02 DOI: 10.5814/j.issn.1674-764x.2023.06.018
Yotsumoto Yukio, Vafadari Kazem, Kubo Takayuki
Japanese communities associated with the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO) Globally Important Agricultural Heritage Systems (GIAHS) program have tried to develop tourism products that take advantage of their certification as a GIAHS site. As the experience economy is gaining more importance in society, tapping into tourism is a realistic choice for the communities that face aging and declining populations. In this study, we look at how stories (narratives) are attached to agricultural products and culture and identify issues in making experience-based products in GIAHS areas in Japan. We used an inductive approach to analyze qualitative data collected mainly by interviews and observations. For the analysis, we followed the standard analytical techniques, that is, searching for patterns of similarities and differences of transcribed data and refining ideas using diagrams. Field work was conducted in Oita GIAHS, Gifu GIAHS and Shizuoka Chagusaba GIAHS that represent all GIAHS types in Japan. This research shows that the landscape type of GIAHS can develop various souvenirs with different stories extracted from GIAHS certification documents from crafts to foodstuffs. On the other hand, in the farming method type of GIAHS, narratives are confined to a single agricultural product and its production method. Another finding is that two layers of narratives exist in the experience-based products in GIAHS areas. The first layer is created utilizing already known agricultural and cultural traditions in a locality. The second layer is a GIAHS story added to the first layer as a scientific reinterpretation of local agricultural heritage.
与联合国粮食及农业组织(FAO)全球重要农业遗产系统(GIAHS)项目有联系的日本社区试图开发利用其作为GIAHS遗址认证的旅游产品。随着体验经济在社会中越来越重要,对于面临人口老龄化和下降的社区来说,开发旅游业是一个现实的选择。在本研究中,我们研究了故事(叙事)如何与农产品和文化相关联,并确定了在日本GIAHS地区制作基于体验的产品的问题。我们使用归纳方法来分析主要通过访谈和观察收集的定性数据。对于分析,我们遵循标准的分析技术,即寻找转录数据的相似和差异模式,并使用图表精炼思想。实地工作在代表日本所有GIAHS类型的大分、岐阜和静冈查叶GIAHS进行。研究表明,GIAHS景观类型可以从GIAHS认证文件中提取出不同故事的纪念品,从工艺品到食品,不一而足。另一方面,在GIAHS的耕作方法类型中,叙述仅限于单一农产品及其生产方法。另一个发现是,在GIAHS地区的基于体验的产品中存在两层叙述。第一层是利用当地已知的农业和文化传统创建的。第二层是在第一层的基础上增加一个GIAHS故事,作为对当地农业遗产的科学重新诠释。
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引用次数: 0
The Influencing Factors of Tourist Satisfaction in Mountain Outdoor Tourism Destinations—A Case Study of Siguniang Mountain 山地户外旅游地游客满意度影响因素研究——以四娘山为例
Q3 Environmental Science Pub Date : 2023-11-02 DOI: 10.5814/j.issn.1674-764x.2023.06.016
Gong Jian, Yang Yuanyao, Ling Xiaopan, Liu Yong
Abstract: This study mainly examines the factors influencing mountain outdoor tourism development in light of the regional economy, human environment, infrastructure, talent services, and other aspects. It analyzes the advantages and disadvantages of mountain outdoor tourism development in the process of regional development by combining qualitative research with quantitative research, and puts forward corresponding sustainable development measures in combination with an actual investigation. These measures can provide certain guidance and practical information for the ultimate realization of mountain outdoor tourism in harmony with the residents, which is a win-win situation. Taking Siguniang Mountain as the research area, we adopted the methods of literature review, questionnaire survey and field interview, and used SPSS26 and Smartpls to construct a structural variance model for the related dimensional impact analysis. The results show that the attractants of a mountain outdoor tourism destination and the humanistic environment of the destination have a highly significant relationship with tourist satisfaction. Mountain outdoor tourism destination services and facilities have a low degree of significant relationships with tourist satisfaction. Among them, the path coefficient of outdoor tourism destination consumption in mountainous areas is close to 0, and the significance level is greater than 0.05, so the relationship between destination consumption and tourist satisfaction has not been affected. The correlation analysis of Smartpls showed that the tourist satisfaction of mountain outdoor tourism destinations in Siguniang Mountain is mainly affected by the cultural environment, tourism attractions and tourism facilities of the mountain outdoor tourism destinations. The analysis of the final results of the structural equation model indicated that the cultural environment and tourist attractions of the tourist destination have high positive significant relationships with the satisfaction of tourists, while the significance of the relationship between the facilities of the tourist destination and the satisfaction of tourists is weak, and the positive relationship between the service factors of the tourist destination and the satisfaction of tourists is also weak. Therefore, the functional relationship is “two strong, one weak and one weak”. Finally, suggestions are put forward for optimizing and improving tourist satisfaction from the aspects of human environment, infrastructure, talent services, and the comprehensive development of tourist destinations, which have a certain reference value for improving tourist satisfaction and the sustainable development of tourist destinations.
{"title":"The Influencing Factors of Tourist Satisfaction in Mountain Outdoor Tourism Destinations—A Case Study of Siguniang Mountain","authors":"Gong Jian, Yang Yuanyao, Ling Xiaopan, Liu Yong","doi":"10.5814/j.issn.1674-764x.2023.06.016","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5814/j.issn.1674-764x.2023.06.016","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract: This study mainly examines the factors influencing mountain outdoor tourism development in light of the regional economy, human environment, infrastructure, talent services, and other aspects. It analyzes the advantages and disadvantages of mountain outdoor tourism development in the process of regional development by combining qualitative research with quantitative research, and puts forward corresponding sustainable development measures in combination with an actual investigation. These measures can provide certain guidance and practical information for the ultimate realization of mountain outdoor tourism in harmony with the residents, which is a win-win situation. Taking Siguniang Mountain as the research area, we adopted the methods of literature review, questionnaire survey and field interview, and used SPSS26 and Smartpls to construct a structural variance model for the related dimensional impact analysis. The results show that the attractants of a mountain outdoor tourism destination and the humanistic environment of the destination have a highly significant relationship with tourist satisfaction. Mountain outdoor tourism destination services and facilities have a low degree of significant relationships with tourist satisfaction. Among them, the path coefficient of outdoor tourism destination consumption in mountainous areas is close to 0, and the significance level is greater than 0.05, so the relationship between destination consumption and tourist satisfaction has not been affected. The correlation analysis of Smartpls showed that the tourist satisfaction of mountain outdoor tourism destinations in Siguniang Mountain is mainly affected by the cultural environment, tourism attractions and tourism facilities of the mountain outdoor tourism destinations. The analysis of the final results of the structural equation model indicated that the cultural environment and tourist attractions of the tourist destination have high positive significant relationships with the satisfaction of tourists, while the significance of the relationship between the facilities of the tourist destination and the satisfaction of tourists is weak, and the positive relationship between the service factors of the tourist destination and the satisfaction of tourists is also weak. Therefore, the functional relationship is “two strong, one weak and one weak”. Finally, suggestions are put forward for optimizing and improving tourist satisfaction from the aspects of human environment, infrastructure, talent services, and the comprehensive development of tourist destinations, which have a certain reference value for improving tourist satisfaction and the sustainable development of tourist destinations.","PeriodicalId":53414,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Resources and Ecology","volume":"26 12","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135935105","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
The Relationship between Urban Spatial Expansion and Haze Pollution: an Empirical Study in China 中国城市空间扩张与雾霾污染关系的实证研究
Q3 Environmental Science Pub Date : 2023-11-02 DOI: 10.5814/j.issn.1674-764x.2023.06.006
Gu Fangfang, Liu Xiaohong
China's economic development has brought about high-speed urbanization and haze pollution problems. Large populations are concentrated in cities, which also brings air pollution, environmental problems and infectious diseases. Based on the haze pollution data of 29 capital cities in China in 2017, the geographically weighted regression method was used to investigate the relationship between urban spatial expansion (USE) and haze. The results of this study reveal some interesting phenomena. The USE in most cities has a significant positive correlation with haze pollution. The USE of cities in the Southwest Region (SW), Southern coast (SC), and Middle Reaches of the Yangtze River (MYTR) have significant positive impacts on the haze in those cities. Among them, the coefficient of spatial expansion of the SC cities is the largest at 0.438, followed by the SW at 0.4104, and finally, the MYTR at 0.296. In addition, the urban expansion of two cities in the Northern coast (NC) and the Middle reaches of the Yellow River (MYR) passed the significance test while only one city in each of the Eastern coast (EC), the Northwest region (NW), and the Northeast region (NE) passed the significance test, indicating that the impacts of the spatial expansion of these three regions on the haze pollution are minimal. The economic development of the MYR has a significant negative impact on the haze. The effect of the urban greening level on haze is significantly negative in the SC and the SW. The impacts of urban consumption expenditures on haze in the NE, SW, and MYR are also negative. These results indicate that to reduce haze pollution, different countermeasures should be taken in the different regions in China.
中国的经济发展带来了高速城市化和雾霾污染问题。大量人口集中在城市,这也带来了空气污染、环境问题和传染病。基于2017年中国29个省会城市雾霾污染数据,采用地理加权回归方法研究城市空间扩张(USE)与雾霾的关系。这项研究的结果揭示了一些有趣的现象。大部分城市的USE与雾霾污染呈显著正相关。西南地区(SW)、南方沿海(SC)和长江中游(MYTR)城市的使用对这些城市的雾霾有显著的积极影响。其中,南方城市空间扩张系数最大,为0.438,西南次之,为0.4104,MYTR最小,为0.296。此外,北部沿海(NC)和黄河中游(MYR)两个城市的城市扩张通过了显著性检验,而东部沿海(EC)、西北地区(NW)和东北地区(NE)各只有一个城市通过了显著性检验,表明这三个地区的空间扩张对雾霾污染的影响最小。最高研究区的经济发展对雾霾有显著的负面影响。城市绿化水平对霾的影响在东南、西南呈显著负相关。东北、西南和最高研究区城市消费支出对雾霾的影响也为负。这些结果表明,要减少雾霾污染,中国不同地区应采取不同的对策。
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引用次数: 0
Contribution of Urban Trees to Offset Carbon Dioxide Emissions from the Transportation Sector in the Ring Road Area of Kathmandu Valley, Central Himalaya 喜马拉雅中部加德满都谷地环线地区城市树木对抵消交通部门二氧化碳排放的贡献
Q3 Environmental Science Pub Date : 2023-11-02 DOI: 10.5814/j.issn.1674-764x.2023.06.015
Joshi Nabin Raj, Joshi Rajeev, Mishra Jay Raj
Abstract: Urban trees are valuable resources for urban areas as they have the capacity to reduce ambient temperatures, mitigate urban heat island effects and reduce runoff of rainwater playing an important role in mitigating the impacts of climate change by reducing atmospheric carbon dioxide (CO2). It also helps to reduce aerial suspended particulate matter, add visual appeal to the urban landscape sequestrating a significant amount of carbon from ambient atmospheric CO2. Carbon storage by urban trees in the ring road area of the Kathmandu Valley was quantified to assess the magnitude and role of urban forests in relation to mitigate the impact of global climate change. A total of 40 sample plots were placed randomly for the detailed carbon assessment. Above-ground and belowground carbon pools were considered in the detailed assessment. Furthermore, quality assurance (QA) and quality control (QC) were maintained through regular monitoring and capacity building of the field crews while collecting the bio-physical data. The assessment recorded a total of 33 different species of plants in the avenue's plantation sites in ring road. The mean seedling, sapling, and tree density was found to be 2149585 and 185 per hectare. The mean carbon stock per hectare in the avenue plantation of the ring road area was 24.03 tC ha–1 and the existing total carbon stock was 7785.72 tC in 2021. Likewise, the total baseline carbon dioxide equivalent (tCO2e) in the avenue plantation was found to be 28573.60 tCO2e. The carbon dioxide emission from the transport sector in the ring road area in a full movement scenario was 312888.00 tCO2e per annum, while the net emissions was 42547 tCO2e. There was a deficit of carbon dioxide in terms of stock by avenue plantations of 14000.8 tCO2e. This study indicates that the existing urban forest plantation is unable to sequestrate or offset the carbon dioxide that is emitted through the transportation sector. Consequently, open spaces like riverbanks and any other public lands, in which urban forests could be developed has to be planned for the green infrastructure and plantation of the multipurpose trees. The distinct values of forests in and around urban areas have to be recognized in the specific policies and plans for the sustainable management of urban and peri-urban forests to meet the adverse impact of global climate change. In addition, this study provides insights for decision-makers to better understand the role of urban forests and make sustainable management plans for urban forests in the cities like in Kathmandu Valley.
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引用次数: 0
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Journal of Resources and Ecology
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