Investigacion y Educacion en Enfermeria最新文献

Objective: To build a scientific content profile with validity evidence on the Instagram social network, focusing on health promotion for Brazilian and Portuguese university students regarding self-perception and self-image.

Methods: . A multi-method study based on Design Thinking in four stages: Knowledge Building (1st Review with 26 studies and Documentary Study with 962 forms); Product Definition (2nd Review with 50 studies and Focus Group with 13 participants); Development (Profile Prototyping); and Evaluation and Delivery (with evidence of usefulness, ease, and acceptability assessed by seven users).

Results: It was evidenced in 42.3% of the studies that young people have difficulties with the use of alcohol and drugs; among technologies for intervention, multimedia campaigns and social networks were highlighted. The majority (53.8%) of the records expressed the young people's desire to change something about their bodies. The focus group understood the need to intervene in the self-perception and self-image of young people through Instagram. The profile @multi.brasilportugal was created with content about the promotion of self-care, links for theoretical depth, and professional referrals. Regarding usefulness, ease, and acceptability, users considered it extremely likely to be useful for achieving the objective, extremely easy to operate the profile, and quite likely in terms of the clarity and understanding of the interaction with the technology.

Conclusion: Design Thinking encouraged the creation of an Instagram profile with interaction and the possibility of using scientific content for education and health promotion, especially to improve body positivity and self-esteem.

This essay describes the curricular and administrative transformation of the Nursing Program at Universidad de Antioquia since its founding in 1950, identifying progress and challenges up to current times in professional formation, institutional management, and care as disciplinary knowledge. The information has been organized by decades, which evidences historical processes, recognizes change patterns, and highlights relevant milestones more clearly, facilitating a critical analysis of academic evolution in long-term contexts. The institutional trajectory reveals an adaptive capacity regarding social and educational challenges. The most significant milestones include the transition from School to Faculty (1980), the high-quality accreditation from the National Ministry of Education (1999, 2006, 2013, and 2022), incorporation of high technology to teaching (2017), creation of a PhD degree in Nursing (2010), and strengthened work with international networks (as of 2022). These processes have consolidated a critical, humanistic, and socially relevant training in students and graduates. The recovery of this institutional memory strengthens the disciplinary identity and allows projecting a transformative nursing program into the future, committed to academic excellence, social justice, and educational innovation. The historical overview offers tools to address contemporary challenges in health and education, and reaffirms the Faculty's role as a national benchmark in higher education in nursing.

Objective: To review the literature related to ethics of artificial intelligence (AI) in healthcare, with a particular emphasis on its challenges and implications in nursing.

Methods: Data bases including PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, and CINAHL are reviewed. Inclusion criteria focused on English-language articles addressing AI ethics in healthcare, with priority given to empirical studies, World Health Organization (WHO) reports, and nursing-specific scholarship. General Search Items included artificial intelligence ethics, AI in healthcare challenges, nursing AI implications, algorithmic bias healthcare, informed consent AI, privacy data protection AI, and WHO AI guidelines, combined with Boolean operators (e.g., "AI AND nursing autonomy") and filters for publication date (post-2018) and article type (reviews, originals).

Results: Most of the studies emphasizes that integration of Artificial intelligence provides substantial benefits for patients, medical professionals, and the overall healthcare framework. Like the improving the primary healthcare, cost reduction, and enhanced efficiency of medical and clinical processes and it also helps where human intelligence is needed i.e. analytical reasoning, acquiring knowledge, and decision-making. While it offers immense possibilities, this technology demands vast amounts of patient information, leading to concerns about confidentiality, protection, and other moral dilemmas. It also highlights the need for nurses to develop AI literacy and bias recognition to balance technological efficiency with humanistic care and ethical evaluation; enabling nurses to monitor unethical AI applications and ensure fairness in patient care.

Conclusion: AI is revolutionizing the healthcare sector but demands robust ethical governance to mitigate harms like discrimination and privacy erosion. For nursing, proactive integration-via updated curricula and interdisciplinary policies-can foster safe, equitable AI adoption, ultimately advancing human dignity and health outcomes.

Objective: This work sought to determine the factors associated with the development of skin lesions among patients hospitalized and admitted to a preventive skin care program carried out by nursing.

Methods: Analytical observational study of cases and controls, which included a sample of 150 cases and 300 controls hospitalized in a clinic with tier IV level of complexity in Bogotá (Colombia). A classification and regression tree was developed to explore the complex interactions that define cases and controls.

Results: According to the decision tree, the factors that represent greater probability for the development of skin lesions in the study population were the preventive use of hydrocolloid dressings, hospital stay > 12 days, BMI > 23, incontinence, diagnosis upon admission related with cardiovascular problems and peripheral vascular disease, cancer, surgery, or respiratory failure.

Conclusion: Development of skin lesions was related with the interaction of different clinical conditions presented by the patients. Integration of this knowledge is essential for structuring preventive care programs in high-complexity hospitals and in formulating individualized care plans.

Objective: To verify evidence of validity of the instrument "Knowledge, Attitude, and Practice of Nurses in Prenatal Care for Visually Impaired Pregnant Women".

Methods: Methodological study to assess content validity with the participation of 22 expert nurses (11 from the area of Sexual and Reproductive Health and 11 from the area of People with Disabilities). The instrument was adapted into a Google Forms questionnaire and assessed Objectivity, Clarity, and Relevance. The data were analyzed using the Content Validity Coefficient and Content Validity Ratio, in addition to calculating Cronbach's Alpha for internal consistency. Ten generalist nurses from Primary Care participated in the semantic validation, evaluating comprehension, relevance, and possible adjustments to the instrument, with calculation of the Semantic Concordance Index.

Results: The instrument obtained an overall Content Validity Coefficient above 0.90 for objectivity, clarity, and relevance, with internal consistency (Cronbach's Alpha = 0.89). The experts' suggestions improved the wording and structure. In semantic validation, the Semantic Concordance Index was 0.97, reinforcing clarity and applicability.

Conclusion: The instrument showed evidence of content validity, being objective, clear, and relevant for assessing the Knowledge, Attitude, and Practice of nurses in the prenatal care of pregnant women with visual impairment.

Objective: To test the effectiveness of nursing intervention to control fluid volume on improving laboratory test results and dialysis adequacy in patients with Excess fluid volume.

Methods: This is a randomized, double-blind, parallel-group controlled trial involving 34 patients with chronic kidney disease and a nursing diagnosis of Excess Fluid Volume undergoing chronic hemodialysis equally randomized into two groups (control n=17 and intervention n=17). Data were collected on sociodemographic and clinical factors, the presence of Excess Fluid Volume, and water balance. Laboratory parameters, including serum electrolytes, urea, creatinine, and dialysis adequacy markers, were assessed before and after the intervention. The intervention consisted of 13 nursing activities, including educational, follow-up, and reminder components, such as fluid balance monitoring, daily weight control, edema assessment, laboratory follow-up, and health education on diet and self-care. The control group received only the usual care provided at the dialysis clinic.

Results: There were significant improvements in laboratory test results and dialysis adequacy. The statistical difference between the groups was significant in the mean values of calcium (p<0.001), post-hemodialysis urea (p=0.002), and creatinine (p=0.006), demonstrating the direct effect of the intervention. In addition, there were improvements in overall dialysis quality and adequacy measures.

Conclusion: The nursing intervention significantly improved laboratory test results and dialysis adequacy in patients with chronic renal failure and Excess Fluid Volume, highlighting its potential for enhancing patient management and nursing care.

Objective: To evaluate the impact of multidimensional lifestyle interventions on aging outcomes, including cognitive function, physical health, emotional well-being, and longevity.

Methods: This systematic review included 35 randomized controlled trials from 2014 through 2024 using MeSH terms such as "healthy aging," "nutrition," "physical activity," "mental health," "social connections," and "preventive healthcare." Inclusion was made based on whether studies have explored at least one lifestyle intervention among populations of 50 years and above with a reported outcome related to health and aging.

Results: 35 RCTs (n ≈ 25 000 participants) were included. Key findings were: Nutrition: The Mediterranean diet, antioxidant-rich foods, and protein intake were associated with cardiovascular benefits (RR = 0.78), reduced cognitive decline (OR = 0.72), and improved muscle mass (SMD = 0.45). Physical Exercise: Aerobic and resistance exercises enhanced cardiovascular fitness (MD in VO2 max = 3.6 mL/kg/min) as well as risk of frailty (RR = 0.67); Mental Health: Cognitive stimulation and mindfulness interventions reduced the risk of dementia (OR = 0.75) as well as stress levels (Standard Mean Difference -SMD = -0.65); Network Social: Friendship support interventions with community involvement attenuated the susceptibility to depression, by 30% (RR = 0.70), with improved life overall satisfaction (SMD = 0.55); Safe Harm Avoidance: Smoking treatment reduced cardiovascular outcome risks (OR = 0.68), though moderate alcoholism was associated with better liver overall function (SMD = -0.38); Sleep: Insomnia was related to a 25% reduced risk of cognitive decline when kept at 7-8 hours (RR = 0.75), and Cognitive Behavioral Therapy for Insomnia was highly effective in enhancing quality of sleep (SMD = 0.74); Preventive Healthcare: Routine checkup reduced the un-diagnosed chronic conditions by 40% (RR = 0.60) and the vaccination programs reduced the influenza-related hospital admissions (OR = 0.58).

Conclusion: Lifestyle interventions are significant in promoting life expectancy, cognitive performance, and overall well-being. The most comprehensive benefits of delay of age-related decline will be offered by the integration of multiple lifestyle factors, including balanced diets, regular exercise, cognitive engagement, strong social ties, and preventive healthcare.

Objective: The aim of this study was to analyse how empathy and social support mediate levels of perceived and relational stress, depending on the person's type of affect.

Methods: This was a multicentre, cross-sectional, descriptive study. The sample consisted of 756 working health professionals for people with functional diversity in the province of Valencia. The following scales were analysed: (i) Perceived Stress Scale; (ii) The Nurse Stress Scale; (iii): Empathy Quotient (EQ); (iv) Social Support Questionnaire, and (v) Scale of Positive and Negative Affects. Descriptive statistics, reliability tests, comparison of means, correlation coefficients and PROCESS were performed.

Results: The findings showed that stress was positively correlated with negative affects, and negatively correlated with empathy, social support and positive affects, and that these variables influence perceived stress, significantly reducing its levels, while the effect of these variables on relational stress was not significant.

Conclusion: The data obtained highlights the importance of empathy and a good social support network in these professionals and how this will influence the care and relationship with the users.