Investigacion y Educacion en Enfermeria最新文献

Objective: To map the literature on the prevalence of pain in nursing professionals.

Methods: This is a scoping review that was conducted according to the Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) methodology for scoping reviews, and according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses extension for Scoping Reviews (PRISMA-ScR). The protocol was developed and registered in the Open Science Framework (OSF) [https://osf.io/2zu73/]. The search was carried out in the following databases: PubMed/MEDLINE, Virtual Health Library (VHL), Web of Science, Scientific Electronic Library Online (SciELO), SciVerse Scopus, Embase, and the Catalog of Theses and Dissertations of the Coordination for the Improvement of Higher Education Personnel (CAPES).

Results: A total of 49 studies were included, all of which were cross-sectional studies, and the total sample of the included studies was 35,069 participants. Most of the included studies were concentrated in the Asian continent (71.4%). Among the select-ed studies, it was shown that the most affected area was the lumbar region (81.57%), followed by the neck (71.5%) and shoulder (31.57%) regions.

Conclusion: According to the studies evaluated, the prevalence of occupational pain in nursing professionals was of musculoskeletal origin. The high prevalence of pain found reinforces the importance of monitoring the health of nursing workers.

Objective: To analyze the relationship among the professional role (student or professor), geographic location, and mental health in the university community after the COVID-19 pandemic.

Methods: . Quantitative cross-sectional study conducted at universities in Spain, Germany, and the Czech Republic. Non-probability convenience sampling was used, obtaining a sample of 449 participants (372 students and 77 professors). Mental health was assessed using the Scale for Mood Evaluation (EVEA), measuring sadness-depression, anxiety, anger-hostility, and happiness.

Results: Significant differences were found between students and professors, with students reporting higher levels of sadness-depression (3.8 vs. 2.4; p<0.001), anxiety (4.6 vs. 2.9; p<0.001), and anger-hostility (3.4 vs. 2.5; p<0.01). Professors showed higher levels of happiness (6.7 vs. 5.4; p<0.001). In addition, differences among countries were observed: participants from Spain showed higher levels of sadness-depression and anxiety compared to Germany and the Czech Republic.

Conclusion: University students have greater emotional vulnerability than professors, highlighting the need for differentiated psy-chosocial support strategies in the academic setting.

Objective: To identify the evidence in the literature regarding the care provided to the population by humanoid robots.

Methods: A scoping review based on the guidelines established by the Joanna Briggs Institute. The Preferred Reporting Items for Scoping Review (PRISMA-ScR) checklist was followed. The review protocol was registered on the Open Science Framework under the number osf.io/6ur93. The search was conducted in November 2023 in the following databases: PubMed®, EMBASE®, LILACS, Web of Science, Scopus®, and CINAHL, as well as in the gray literature, including Google Scholar and the Catalog of Theses and Dissertations of the Coordination for the Improvement of Higher Education Personnel (CAPES), using the search strategy: "humanoid robot*" AND "patient*".

Results: A total of 27 articles were analyzed. Most of the identified studies were conducted in hospital settings (n=13), with a primary focus on adults (n=10) and children (n=8). The countries with the highest number of publications were Japan (n=6), Canada (n=5), and France (n=4). Three areas of care were identified: social interaction (n=17), physical rehabilitation (n=7), and dissemination of health information (n=3). Additionally, only four studies involved collaboration between humanoid robots and healthcare providers.

Conclusion: Despite the increasing use of humanoid robots in healthcare, it remains essential to enhance their integration with professionals in the field. Social interaction highlighted the need to improve patient care, underscoring the importance of aligning the capabilities of these robots with the expertise of healthcare providers. Accordingly, future research should focus on developing strategies that ensure this technology not only assists but also optimizes the quality of care and strengthens interdisciplinary collaboration.

Objective: To analyze the effects of social distancing and isolation during the Covid-19 pandemic on depressive symptoms and frailty in older adults in Primary Health Care.

Methods: Prospective cohort study, using the following data collection instruments: Center for Epidemiological Studies depression scale, adherence to social distancing and isolation, and markers of the physical frailty phenotype. Descriptive statistical analysis, association and proportional hazards regression were performed.

Results: 51.8% of the older adults progressed to pre-frailty, 14.1% had depressive symptoms, and a low de-gree of adherence to social distancing and isolation (69.4%). There was no association between dis-tancing and isolation and depressive symptoms (p=0.748) and physical frailty (p=0.5). Single, sepa-rated, divorced or widowed people have 62% (HR=0.38; 95%CI 0.15-0.96) less risk of being classified as frail and 57% (HR=0.43; 95%CI 0.21- 0.9) less chance of presenting depressive symptoms com-pared to married people.

Conclusion: the low degree of adherence to social distancing and isolation showed no association with depressive symptoms and physical frailty. Sociodemographic factors highlighted risks of frailty and depressive symptoms that require attention and an individualized gerontological care plan.

Objective: To verify the effectiveness of an educational intervention on the components of metabolic syndrome in adults with type 2 diabetes.

Methods: A non-randomized clinical trial included 51 adults (48.73±7.84 years old; 86.3% women) diagnosed with type 2 diabetes and metabolic syndrome (intervention group, n=26; control group, n=25). The intervention consisted of a multidisciplinary health promotion educational program over six months, structured in seven workshops led by nurses. The primary outcome was the improvement of metabolic syndrome components, and the secondary outcome was the reduction in the number of metabolic syndrome criteria assessed at two time points, baseline and after six months of monitoring.

Results: Compared to the control group, the educational program reduced glucose levels (p=0.001) and improved high-density lipopro-tein cholesterol concentrations (p=0.001) in the intervention group participants at six months. A significant decrease in the mean metabolic syndrome score was observed in the intervention group, while the control group showed an increase (p=0.033). At the end of the study, 11.5% of the participants in the intervention group no longer met the criteria for metabolic syndrome.

Conclusion: A nurse-led health promotion educational program was effective in improving glucose and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels among adults with type 2 diabetes and metabolic syndrome, as well as reducing the number of metabolic syndrome components in the participants.

Objective: To develop and evaluate the usability of a serious game as an educational tool for promoting the health of children and adolescents with cancer.

Methods: The Contextualized Instructional Design (CID) methodology was applied to develop the serious game, structured in five stages: analysis, design, development, implementation, and evaluation. Usability assessment included children and adolescents diagnosed with cancer in a public federal referral hospital in a city in Northeastern Brazil, from April to June 2024. A sociodemographic questionnaire and the System Usability Scale with values ranging from 0 to 100 points were used.

Results: The serious game, entitled Oncoped: on the health journey, is an educational and playful board game that contains eight personalized Paper Toys, 35 houses, and 100 cards divided into multiple-choice questions about cancers, diagnosis, treatments, and challenges; and cards containing information and care tips. The usability assessment was carried out by 12 hospitalized children and 3 adolescents, who after using the game filled out the information on the scale, resulting in a mean score of 95.16 points.

Conclusion: The serious game Oncoped: on the health journey is a fun and playful educational tool that provides effective and active learning. The educational technology received an excellent usability assessment among the game's target audience. Thus, it was found that the tool is innovative and has good acceptability for teaching and promoting the health of children and adolescents with cancer.

Objective: This work sought to determine the feasibility, acceptability, and potential effect of the nursing intervention "Knowledge and self-care behaviors of pregnant women in the face of hypertensive disorders of pregnancy - EducaTHE".

Methods: This study is a pilot randomized controlled trial. Sixty pregnant women who were enrolled in the antenatal care program of a health institution participated. They were selected via simple random sampling and assigned to the experimental group (n = 30) and control group (n = 30). The intervention consisted of four educational sessions once a week, while the control group received usual antenatal care. Recruitment, follow-up, and dropout rates were assessed, as well as participant satisfaction. Both groups completed the "Knowledge and Self-Care Behaviors - CoNOCiTHE" and "Determinants of Behavior" scales before and four weeks after the intervention to assess impact.

Results: The recruitment rate was 75.94%, 90% at follow-up and 10% dropouts. Overall satisfaction was 4.82 out of 5. The effect of the intervention showed a significant increase in the level of knowledge and behaviors in the experimental group compared to the control group (77 vs. 69; p< 0.001) and in the determinants of behavior (159 vs. 154; p=0.066), and a large effect size (d-Cliff = 0.7517). These changes were not significant in the control group (p≥0.05).

Conclusion: This study shows the feasibility and acceptability of the intervention in the maternal population, as well as the potential ef-fect of improving knowledge and self-care behaviors in the face of hypertensive disorders of pregnancy. Therefore, it is rec-ommended to use these types of educational interventions in maternal and perinatal nursing care.

Objective: This work sought to inquire on the perception of Health Sciences students about the health care provided to patients of foreign origin in clinical environments.

Methods: Phenomenological approach with multiple case study design. Health Sciences students from three Chilean universities par-ticipated with intensity sampling. Semi-structured interviews were conducted via Zoom after the consent was signed. Data analysis included open and axial coding axial with the aid of the ATLAS.ti 24 software.

Results: The study had the participation of 106 students, who identified different types of discrimination, besides diverse exclusion manifestations that take place during the care process, such as: apathy, prejudice/stereotyping, derogatory comments, evading, underestimating, normalizing discrimination, infantilizing, and scoffing. Some of the participants normalized these behaviors due to the overload health system.

Conclusion: The Health Sciences students witnessed several types of discrimination and exclusion manifestations occurring during the care process, highlighting apathy and evading as characteristic of the clinical environment, which could favor negative vicar-ious learning that perpetuates discriminatory conducts against foreign patients.

Objective: To determine if resilience can predict empathy. Specifically, explain what would be the effect of the resilience dimen-sions on the dimensions of empathy in the nursing students examined in this study.

Methods: Cross-sectional study with the participation of 340 nursing students from a private university in Colombia. Jefferson's Empathy Scale (student version) and the Resilience-Trait Scale were used. The complete psychometry of the Empathy and Resilience scales was carried out, followed by the application of Structural Equations.

Results: Ecological Resilience predicts negatively the dimensions of "Compassionate Care" (β = -0.11) and "Walking in the pa-tient's shoes" (β = -0.19); the Engineering Resilience predicts positively the dimension "Walking in the patient's shoes" (β = 0.08).

Conclusion: Overall, resilience predicts empathy, thereby, introducing empathetic training of nursing students in the population stud-ied must also include training in resilience.