Pub Date : 2023-01-01DOI: 10.48165/jiafm.2023.45.1.9
B. K. Guntheti, Z. U. Mohsin
Sudden natural death is defined as a healthy person's death within 24 hours after the onset of a terminal illness without any history of past illness. This study looks forward to assess the demographic profile, causes of sudden natural deaths, and the pattern involved in these cases. Materials and Methods: This prospective hospital-based study was conducted at an emergency department, Mamata General Hospital attached to Medical College, Khammam; Telangana, from January 2021 to December 2021. During this study period, 148 cases of sudden death victims were reported. Data of all sudden deaths 148 cases were collected, of which, 128 (86.48%) were male. Most of the th victims were in the 4-5 decade, urban and lower socioeconomic groups, and laborers. Most of the cases occurred in the winter season. No ill health before death with alcohol abuse and smoking habits. The majority of onset of terminal signs and symptoms were reported at their home, during morning hours, and the most common symptom was unconscious, the cardiovascular system was involved in 45% of cases, the Pulmonary System in 28%, the Neurological System in 20% and the Gastrointestinal system 12%. Coronary artery disease was the single largest cause of death. This study shows a pattern of male manual workers of age between 31-40 who have encountered sudden death at their residence during the daytime during winter in the months of January, February, and March mostly found unconscious. This study revealed that a significant number of sudden deaths occurred in adults, particularly in the population above 30 years. Cardiac troubles contributed the maximum number, with atherosclerosis being the main culprit causing coronary artery disease.
{"title":"The Analysis and Pattern of Sudden Deaths at a Teaching Hospital, Telangana","authors":"B. K. Guntheti, Z. U. Mohsin","doi":"10.48165/jiafm.2023.45.1.9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.48165/jiafm.2023.45.1.9","url":null,"abstract":"Sudden natural death is defined as a healthy person's death within 24 hours after the onset of a terminal illness without any history of past illness. This study looks forward to assess the demographic profile, causes of sudden natural deaths, and the pattern involved in these cases. Materials and Methods: This prospective hospital-based study was conducted at an emergency department, Mamata General Hospital attached to Medical College, Khammam; Telangana, from January 2021 to December 2021. During this study period, 148 cases of sudden death victims were reported. Data of all sudden deaths 148 cases were collected, of which, 128 (86.48%) were male. Most of the th victims were in the 4-5 decade, urban and lower socioeconomic groups, and laborers. Most of the cases occurred in the winter season. No ill health before death with alcohol abuse and smoking habits. The majority of onset of terminal signs and symptoms were reported at their home, during morning hours, and the most common symptom was unconscious, the cardiovascular system was involved in 45% of cases, the Pulmonary System in 28%, the Neurological System in 20% and the Gastrointestinal system 12%. Coronary artery disease was the single largest cause of death. This study shows a pattern of male manual workers of age between 31-40 who have encountered sudden death at their residence during the daytime during winter in the months of January, February, and March mostly found unconscious. This study revealed that a significant number of sudden deaths occurred in adults, particularly in the population above 30 years. Cardiac troubles contributed the maximum number, with atherosclerosis being the main culprit causing coronary artery disease.","PeriodicalId":53547,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Indian Academy of Forensic Medicine","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70563965","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-01DOI: 10.48165/jiafm.2023.45.2.13
P. P. Kumar, P. R. Sabale, G. P. Amonkar
Everyone knows by conducting autopsy cause of sudden unexpected death can be established. However due to limitations of staff, budget and time it forces the autopsy surgeon to triage the cases. Out of which sudden cardiac deaths because of acute myocardial infarction constitute a significant percentage of caseload. When an autopsy is performed, there may be significant cardiovascular disease but there will be no gross or histological evidence of an acute myocardial infarct unless the patient survived for few hours. Troponin I (cTnI) done using peripheral blood was sampled percutaneously before conducting internal examination of each of 60 autopsies. The rapid assay result, histopathological results were tabulated and subsequently correlated. Out of 30 cases all showed positive result but in 30 controls 11 showed false positive results and 19 showed negative results. This result was statistically significant according to the chi-square test. The sensitivity of this assay in detecting cardiac-related death was 100%, with a specificity of 63.33%. In the appropriate setting, this rapid assay for cTnI can provide valuable data supportive of a cardiac-related death. This inexpensive test may best be used in triaging sudden deaths in persons and may optimize the use of the time and resources of the autopsy pathologist.
{"title":"Diagnostic Efficacy of Troponin – I qualitative Rapid test in Sudden Cardiac Deaths","authors":"P. P. Kumar, P. R. Sabale, G. P. Amonkar","doi":"10.48165/jiafm.2023.45.2.13","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.48165/jiafm.2023.45.2.13","url":null,"abstract":"Everyone knows by conducting autopsy cause of sudden unexpected death can be established. However due to limitations of staff, budget and time it forces the autopsy surgeon to triage the cases. Out of which sudden cardiac deaths because of acute myocardial infarction constitute a significant percentage of caseload. When an autopsy is performed, there may be significant cardiovascular disease but there will be no gross or histological evidence of an acute myocardial infarct unless the patient survived for few hours. Troponin I (cTnI) done using peripheral blood was sampled percutaneously before conducting internal examination of each of 60 autopsies. The rapid assay result, histopathological results were tabulated and subsequently correlated. Out of 30 cases all showed positive result but in 30 controls 11 showed false positive results and 19 showed negative results. This result was statistically significant according to the chi-square test. The sensitivity of this assay in detecting cardiac-related death was 100%, with a specificity of 63.33%. In the appropriate setting, this rapid assay for cTnI can provide valuable data supportive of a cardiac-related death. This inexpensive test may best be used in triaging sudden deaths in persons and may optimize the use of the time and resources of the autopsy pathologist.","PeriodicalId":53547,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Indian Academy of Forensic Medicine","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70564849","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-01DOI: 10.48165/jiafm.2023.45.2.2
N. G. Das, T. B. Singh
The pattern of homicide may be a useful indicator of the social stresses in a community and may also provide useful information for law enforcement strategies and thus pattern of injury in such cases could possibly give a better understanding the manner of death. This is a prospective descriptive analysis of medico-legal autopsies performed in the mortuary of Regional Institute of Medical Sciences, Imphal from October 2013 to August 2015. In this study a total of 97 cases of homicide during the study period is analysed in various medico-legal aspects. Blunt weapon, firearm and bomb blast were commonest weapon employed. Multiple injuries and head injuries were commonest cause of death. This study is taken up to analyze the pattern of injuries in all homicidal deaths and to formulate measures for improvement of scenario etc.
{"title":"An Autopsy Based Study on Patterns of Injury in Homicidal Deaths in Imphal","authors":"N. G. Das, T. B. Singh","doi":"10.48165/jiafm.2023.45.2.2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.48165/jiafm.2023.45.2.2","url":null,"abstract":"The pattern of homicide may be a useful indicator of the social stresses in a community and may also provide useful information for law enforcement strategies and thus pattern of injury in such cases could possibly give a better understanding the manner of death. This is a prospective descriptive analysis of medico-legal autopsies performed in the mortuary of Regional Institute of Medical Sciences, Imphal from October 2013 to August 2015. In this study a total of 97 cases of homicide during the study period is analysed in various medico-legal aspects. Blunt weapon, firearm and bomb blast were commonest weapon employed. Multiple injuries and head injuries were commonest cause of death. This study is taken up to analyze the pattern of injuries in all homicidal deaths and to formulate measures for improvement of scenario etc.","PeriodicalId":53547,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Indian Academy of Forensic Medicine","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70565031","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-01DOI: 10.48165/jiafm.2023.45.1.13
S. Darandale, K. U. Zine, M. Sane, M. Patekar
The dying declaration remains important evidence in trials of burned victims in India. However, its evidentiary value is often negated because facial involvement or larger body area involved due to burns may make victims incapable of speaking properly. Hence, this study aimed to study the effect of burn on speech in relation to parameters like age, gender, and total body surface area affected (TBSA). The study included eighty patients having burn injuries over the head, neck, face, and upper chest. They were evaluated longitudinally from the time of infliction of burns at six hourly intervals, at 6 hours, 12 hours, 18 hours, and 24 hours. The speech was assessed using a scale having components of orientation, content, coherence, and articulation. The speech was well preserved in maximally affected age groups (21-40 years); speech was found to be preserved in varying involvement of body surface area. While considering gender and speech, it is observed that speech is relatively unaffected in females; in fact, females can tolerate burns better than males and have well-preserved speech. The above findings were constant at all-time intervals, i.e., at 6 hours, 12 hours, 18 hours, and 24 hours. Overall, the study disproves the notion that burn victims having facial involvement and greater total body surface area (TBSA) involvement cannot give a valid dying declaration.
{"title":"Effect of Burns over Speech: In Context to Dying Declaration","authors":"S. Darandale, K. U. Zine, M. Sane, M. Patekar","doi":"10.48165/jiafm.2023.45.1.13","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.48165/jiafm.2023.45.1.13","url":null,"abstract":"The dying declaration remains important evidence in trials of burned victims in India. However, its evidentiary value is often negated because facial involvement or larger body area involved due to burns may make victims incapable of speaking properly. Hence, this study aimed to study the effect of burn on speech in relation to parameters like age, gender, and total body surface area affected (TBSA). The study included eighty patients having burn injuries over the head, neck, face, and upper chest. They were evaluated longitudinally from the time of infliction of burns at six hourly intervals, at 6 hours, 12 hours, 18 hours, and 24 hours. The speech was assessed using a scale having components of orientation, content, coherence, and articulation. The speech was well preserved in maximally affected age groups (21-40 years); speech was found to be preserved in varying involvement of body surface area. While considering gender and speech, it is observed that speech is relatively unaffected in females; in fact, females can tolerate burns better than males and have well-preserved speech. The above findings were constant at all-time intervals, i.e., at 6 hours, 12 hours, 18 hours, and 24 hours. Overall, the study disproves the notion that burn victims having facial involvement and greater total body surface area (TBSA) involvement cannot give a valid dying declaration.","PeriodicalId":53547,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Indian Academy of Forensic Medicine","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70562967","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-01DOI: 10.48165/jiafm.2023.45.1.16
F. Ahmad, K. Ali, S. Saeed
The Forensic examination following sexual assault has two principal goals i.e. to provide comprehensive health care and to collect evidences. In India, in 2020, of the total rape cases investigated by police, 82.2% of cases were filed and 39.3% were found guilty. The low conviction rate often reflects a lack of coordination between law enforcement and survivors. This study is based on the record of sexual assault victims who were brought for medico-legal examination. Total 47 cases of survivors of sexual assault were examined in the SAFE unit of Forensic Medicine department over the span of 2 years. The present study shows that instances of a sexual offence are higher in younger age females especially among those who belong to lower socioeconomic status. The most common genital injury reported was vaginal followed by fossa navicularis/fourchette. Proper training of healthcare workers and the use of improvised examination techniques not only aids in the acquisition of knowledge but it may also assist survivors in the administration justice.
{"title":"Study of Socio-Demographic Profile of Sexual Assault Survivors at A Tertiary Care Centre","authors":"F. Ahmad, K. Ali, S. Saeed","doi":"10.48165/jiafm.2023.45.1.16","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.48165/jiafm.2023.45.1.16","url":null,"abstract":"The Forensic examination following sexual assault has two principal goals i.e. to provide comprehensive health care and to collect evidences. In India, in 2020, of the total rape cases investigated by police, 82.2% of cases were filed and 39.3% were found guilty. The low conviction rate often reflects a lack of coordination between law enforcement and survivors. This study is based on the record of sexual assault victims who were brought for medico-legal examination. Total 47 cases of survivors of sexual assault were examined in the SAFE unit of Forensic Medicine department over the span of 2 years. The present study shows that instances of a sexual offence are higher in younger age females especially among those who belong to lower socioeconomic status. The most common genital injury reported was vaginal followed by fossa navicularis/fourchette. Proper training of healthcare workers and the use of improvised examination techniques not only aids in the acquisition of knowledge but it may also assist survivors in the administration justice.","PeriodicalId":53547,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Indian Academy of Forensic Medicine","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70563322","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-01DOI: 10.48165/jiafm.2023.45.1.2
N. Haider, A. Wal, I. Nabulsi
The availability of genetic markers for identification of humans and some animal species by analysis of DNA of these species biological traces that can be found in crime scenes is of great importance as non-deterministic evidence in criminal investigations. Mitochondrial DNA(mtDNA) provides forensic scientists with a valuable tool to determine the source of DNAextracted from damaged, degraded or very small biological samples. The aim of this work was to develop a new, simple, fast and economical method based on polymerase chain reaction- restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP, using Tru 1I, Hae III, Taq I, and Dra I) of the mitochondrial 16S rRNA gene (500 bp) for differentiation of human blood form the blood of 11 animals (camel, cow, sheep, goat, buffalo, pig, deer, horse, donkey, dog and cat) and for distinction of the bloods of these animals from each other. The method applied here proved suitable for the differentiation among the analyzed species.
{"title":"Rapid and Easy Identification of Animal Species for Forensic Application Using New Markers Based on the Mitochondrial 16S rRNAgene Rapid and Easy Identification of Animal Species for Forensic Application Using New Markers Based on the Mitochondrial 16S","authors":"N. Haider, A. Wal, I. Nabulsi","doi":"10.48165/jiafm.2023.45.1.2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.48165/jiafm.2023.45.1.2","url":null,"abstract":"The availability of genetic markers for identification of humans and some animal species by analysis of DNA of these species biological traces that can be found in crime scenes is of great importance as non-deterministic evidence in criminal investigations. Mitochondrial DNA(mtDNA) provides forensic scientists with a valuable tool to determine the source of DNAextracted from damaged, degraded or very small biological samples. The aim of this work was to develop a new, simple, fast and economical method based on polymerase chain reaction- restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP, using Tru 1I, Hae III, Taq I, and Dra I) of the mitochondrial 16S rRNA gene (500 bp) for differentiation of human blood form the blood of 11 animals (camel, cow, sheep, goat, buffalo, pig, deer, horse, donkey, dog and cat) and for distinction of the bloods of these animals from each other. The method applied here proved suitable for the differentiation among the analyzed species.","PeriodicalId":53547,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Indian Academy of Forensic Medicine","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70563545","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-01DOI: 10.48165/jiafm.2023.45.1.8
T. Sudharson, R. Diwakar, S. K. Karthikean, M. Sreenivasan, N. Ahmed, V. Raja
In India, the Consumer Protection Act [COPRA] was enacted in 1986 to safeguard the interests of consumers. On November 13, 1995, the judgement of the Honourable Supreme Court of India brought medical services under the ambit of the Consumer Protection Act. All services rendered to a patient by a medical or dental practitioner are covered under the CPA, except when the service is provided free of charge, especially in charitable or governmental dispensaries, hospitals, and primary health centres. On August 9, 2019, the Consumer Protection Act of 2019 was passed and received presidential assent, repealing the Consumer Protection Act of 1986 in order to strengthen consumer rights and provide consumer justice. The aim of this study is to assess the knowledge about the Consumer Protection Act (CPA) 2019 among medical professionals in Chennai. 305 doctors from Chennai were included in the study. Out of the 305 doctors, 192 were working in teaching institutions, 48 were attached to corporate hospitals, and 65 were involved in private practise. To summarize, the mean response scores of MBBS graduates, MD/MS/DNB graduates, and DM/MCH graduates are 7.72, 8.75, and 10.55, respectively. The mean response scores of teaching faculties, corporate doctors, and private practitioners are 8.91, 8.85, and 8.04, respectively. The mean awareness score about CPA 2019 among the total study population is 8.71. The results of the present study showed that a majority of the study population has reasonable knowledge about CPA, but in-depth knowledge is lacking.
{"title":"Assessment of Knowledge about Consumer Protection Act, 2019, among Medical Professionals in Chennai","authors":"T. Sudharson, R. Diwakar, S. K. Karthikean, M. Sreenivasan, N. Ahmed, V. Raja","doi":"10.48165/jiafm.2023.45.1.8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.48165/jiafm.2023.45.1.8","url":null,"abstract":"In India, the Consumer Protection Act [COPRA] was enacted in 1986 to safeguard the interests of consumers. On November 13, 1995, the judgement of the Honourable Supreme Court of India brought medical services under the ambit of the Consumer Protection Act. All services rendered to a patient by a medical or dental practitioner are covered under the CPA, except when the service is provided free of charge, especially in charitable or governmental dispensaries, hospitals, and primary health centres. On August 9, 2019, the Consumer Protection Act of 2019 was passed and received presidential assent, repealing the Consumer Protection Act of 1986 in order to strengthen consumer rights and provide consumer justice. The aim of this study is to assess the knowledge about the Consumer Protection Act (CPA) 2019 among medical professionals in Chennai. 305 doctors from Chennai were included in the study. Out of the 305 doctors, 192 were working in teaching institutions, 48 were attached to corporate hospitals, and 65 were involved in private practise. To summarize, the mean response scores of MBBS graduates, MD/MS/DNB graduates, and DM/MCH graduates are 7.72, 8.75, and 10.55, respectively. The mean response scores of teaching faculties, corporate doctors, and private practitioners are 8.91, 8.85, and 8.04, respectively. The mean awareness score about CPA 2019 among the total study population is 8.71. The results of the present study showed that a majority of the study population has reasonable knowledge about CPA, but in-depth knowledge is lacking.","PeriodicalId":53547,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Indian Academy of Forensic Medicine","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70563885","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-01DOI: 10.48165/jiafm.2023.45.2.21
Nitasha Sharma, S. Giri, K. Khanna, T. Dagar, V. Pal
Hanging is one of the commonest method among the painless suicidal deaths. In few instances, false allegations are made by next of kin and they claim that the ligature mark over the neck of deceased is due to strangulation or postmortem hanging rather than ante-mortem hanging. Vice versa cases are also likely in an attempt to concealment of the crime. In such cases, complete post-mortem examination and incident scene visit are very helpful to differentiate between the two. In the case being reported, the authors report a case of young adult female individual in which ligature strangulation was alleged by the parents and investigating officer but which was diagnosed as a hanging after autopsy. Authors also report the important external as well as internal findings in a case of hanging and discuss the unusual complications lead to death after hanging.
{"title":"Diagnosis of Hanging in an Alleged Case of Ligature Strangulation: A Case Report","authors":"Nitasha Sharma, S. Giri, K. Khanna, T. Dagar, V. Pal","doi":"10.48165/jiafm.2023.45.2.21","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.48165/jiafm.2023.45.2.21","url":null,"abstract":"Hanging is one of the commonest method among the painless suicidal deaths. In few instances, false allegations are made by next of kin and they claim that the ligature mark over the neck of deceased is due to strangulation or postmortem hanging rather than ante-mortem hanging. Vice versa cases are also likely in an attempt to concealment of the crime. In such cases, complete post-mortem examination and incident scene visit are very helpful to differentiate between the two. In the case being reported, the authors report a case of young adult female individual in which ligature strangulation was alleged by the parents and investigating officer but which was diagnosed as a hanging after autopsy. Authors also report the important external as well as internal findings in a case of hanging and discuss the unusual complications lead to death after hanging.","PeriodicalId":53547,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Indian Academy of Forensic Medicine","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70565135","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-01DOI: 10.48165/jiafm.2023.45.1.22
A. Naveen, M. Sahu, M. Mohanti, R. Swain, S. R. Singh
The determination of the cause of death in the alleged snake bite deaths presents a great challenge for autopsy surgeons at autopsy. Unwitnessed bites, improper history, unavailable clinical records, and absent bite marks on the external examination often impact the assessment of snakebite deaths by autopsy surgeons. This is even more complicated when the snake bite involves an unusual or obscure site, for example, the scalp. It is often encountered in neurotoxic snake bites which are associated with minimal or no local findings at the bite site. We describe a case of an alleged snake bite on the head, wherein the relatives of the deceased old lady claimed that the cobra bit her on the vertex region of the scalp before being brought dead to the hospital. However, significant life-threatening conditions such as fatal myocardial infarction and antemortem aspiration of food up to the terminal bronchiole were found at the autopsy rather than evidence of snakebite. The role of autopsy surgeons in such cases is described in this report.
{"title":"Alleged Snake Bite with Fatal Antemortem Aspiration: A diagnostic Conundrum","authors":"A. Naveen, M. Sahu, M. Mohanti, R. Swain, S. R. Singh","doi":"10.48165/jiafm.2023.45.1.22","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.48165/jiafm.2023.45.1.22","url":null,"abstract":"The determination of the cause of death in the alleged snake bite deaths presents a great challenge for autopsy surgeons at autopsy. Unwitnessed bites, improper history, unavailable clinical records, and absent bite marks on the external examination often impact the assessment of snakebite deaths by autopsy surgeons. This is even more complicated when the snake bite involves an unusual or obscure site, for example, the scalp. It is often encountered in neurotoxic snake bites which are associated with minimal or no local findings at the bite site. We describe a case of an alleged snake bite on the head, wherein the relatives of the deceased old lady claimed that the cobra bit her on the vertex region of the scalp before being brought dead to the hospital. However, significant life-threatening conditions such as fatal myocardial infarction and antemortem aspiration of food up to the terminal bronchiole were found at the autopsy rather than evidence of snakebite. The role of autopsy surgeons in such cases is described in this report.","PeriodicalId":53547,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Indian Academy of Forensic Medicine","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70563734","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-01DOI: 10.48165/jiafm.2023.45.1.23
S. Akhade, P. Kothari, P. Sabale, K. Chavali
To discuss the current practice, standard procedures and recommendations for evaluation of male impotence/sexual dysfunction in context of the Indian legal system. Evaluation of a man for potency is done for various reasons like accusation of rape, non-consummation of marriage in a plea for annulment or compensation claims arising out of damage to sexual function secondary to accidents or any other means. Such evaluation is done after requisition by investigating officers in criminal cases or by the person himself in civil cases to verify or rule out allegations of impotence. It is a common practice for Indian police to request a potency examination in almost every case of sexual assault, despite the fact that the examination has very little impact on the outcome of the case in court. In the Indian scenario, even after a complete evaluation for impotence, medicolegal opinion is framed in a nebulous double negative format rather than a precise scientific manner. The Indian courts would welcome such examination in relevant case and desire that the experts frame objective and unequivocal opinions. Various articles, books, court judgments were reviewed to determine the current practice followed in determination of sexual potency in males. Asystematic effort is made to make the examination completely justifiable with a more objective and scientific opinion.
{"title":"Comprehensive Review and Recommendations for Evaluation of Sexual Potency of Male in Context of Current Indian legal system","authors":"S. Akhade, P. Kothari, P. Sabale, K. Chavali","doi":"10.48165/jiafm.2023.45.1.23","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.48165/jiafm.2023.45.1.23","url":null,"abstract":"To discuss the current practice, standard procedures and recommendations for evaluation of male impotence/sexual dysfunction in context of the Indian legal system. Evaluation of a man for potency is done for various reasons like accusation of rape, non-consummation of marriage in a plea for annulment or compensation claims arising out of damage to sexual function secondary to accidents or any other means. Such evaluation is done after requisition by investigating officers in criminal cases or by the person himself in civil cases to verify or rule out allegations of impotence. It is a common practice for Indian police to request a potency examination in almost every case of sexual assault, despite the fact that the examination has very little impact on the outcome of the case in court. In the Indian scenario, even after a complete evaluation for impotence, medicolegal opinion is framed in a nebulous double negative format rather than a precise scientific manner. The Indian courts would welcome such examination in relevant case and desire that the experts frame objective and unequivocal opinions. Various articles, books, court judgments were reviewed to determine the current practice followed in determination of sexual potency in males. Asystematic effort is made to make the examination completely justifiable with a more objective and scientific opinion.","PeriodicalId":53547,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Indian Academy of Forensic Medicine","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70563792","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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