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Three-dimensional seismic analysis of concrete gravity dams considering foundation flexibility 考虑地基柔性的混凝土重力坝三维地震分析
Q3 Engineering Pub Date : 2021-01-01 DOI: 10.2478/mme-2021-0012
M. Messaad, Messoud Bourezane, Mohamed Latrache, A. Berrabah, Djamel Ouzendja
Abstract Concrete dams are considered as complex construction systems that play a major role in the context of both economic and strategic utilities. Taking into account reservoir and foundation presence in modeling the dam-reservoir-foundation interaction phenomenon leads to a more realistic evaluation of the total system behavior. The article discusses the dynamic behavior of dam-reservoir-foundation system under seismic loading using Ansys finite element code. Oued Fodda concrete dam, situated at Chlef, in North-West of Algeria, was chosen as a case study. Parametric study was also performed for different ratios between foundation Young's modulus and dam Young's modulus Ef /Ed (which varies from 0.5 to 4). Added mass approach was used to model the fluid reservoir. The obtained results indicate that when dam Young's modulus and foundation Young's modulus are equal, the foundation soil leads to less displacements in the dam body and decreases the principal stresses as well as shear stresses.
摘要混凝土坝被认为是复杂的施工系统,在经济和战略公用事业方面发挥着重要作用。在建模大坝-水库-基础相互作用现象时,考虑水库和基础的存在,可以对整个系统的行为进行更现实的评估。本文利用Ansys有限元程序讨论了大坝-水库-地基系统在地震荷载作用下的动力特性。Oued Fodda混凝土大坝位于阿尔及利亚西北部的Chlef,被选为案例研究。还对基础杨氏模量和大坝杨氏模量Ef/Ed之间的不同比率(从0.5到4不等)进行了参数研究。采用附加质量法对流体储层进行建模。结果表明,当坝体杨氏模量和地基杨氏模量相等时,地基土引起坝体位移较小,主应力和剪应力减小。
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引用次数: 1
Effect of passive coupling on seismic interaction optimization of adjacent structures 被动耦合对相邻结构地震相互作用优化的影响
Q3 Engineering Pub Date : 2021-01-01 DOI: 10.2478/mme-2021-0014
Khadidja Reteri, A. Megnounif
Abstract During the past few years, several studies have been conducted in various fields of civil engineering in order to design structures that can withstand the forces and deformations that might occur during seismic events. However, more recently, building adjacent structures close to each other and more resistant to earthquakes, provided with coupling systems, has been an issue of major concern. The effects of some parameters, such as the characteristics of adjacent structures and those of the coupling system, on the choice of the separation distance, were investigated using a program that was developed using MATLAB. This article aims to present a study that is intended to determine the parameters characterizing the coupling system. Moreover, the influence of rigidity of the structure was also examined. For this, three examples were investigated: a flexible structure, a rigid structure, and a very rigid structure. The results obtained from the numerical study made it possible to show that knowing the characteristics, number, and arrangements of the coupling systems can be used to find the minimum separation distance between two adjacent buildings.
在过去的几年中,为了设计能够承受地震事件中可能发生的力和变形的结构,在土木工程的各个领域进行了一些研究。然而,最近,建筑相邻的结构彼此靠近,更耐地震,提供耦合系统,已成为主要关注的问题。利用MATLAB编写程序,研究了相邻结构特性和耦合系统特性等参数对分离距离选择的影响。本文旨在提出一项旨在确定表征耦合系统的参数的研究。此外,还分析了结构刚度的影响。为此,研究了三个例子:柔性结构,刚性结构和非常刚性结构。数值研究结果表明,通过了解耦合系统的特性、数量和排列方式,可以求出相邻建筑物之间的最小分离距离。
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引用次数: 0
The use of FEM to evaluate the influence of logarithmic correction parameters of roller generators on the axle box bearing life 用有限元法评估滚柱发电机对数校正参数对轴箱轴承寿命的影响
Q3 Engineering Pub Date : 2021-01-01 DOI: 10.2478/mme-2021-0008
Agniezka Chudzik, B. Warda
Abstract In the roller-raceway contacts of the radial cylindrical roller bearing used in the axle boxes of a railway bogie, pressure accumulation may occur, reducing the fatigue life. This accumulation can be eliminated by applying logarithmic correction of generators and in particular varieties of the modified logarithmic correction. The correction parameters should be adapted to the operating conditions of the bearing. This article presents a comparison of the predicted fatigue life of an axle box bearing on correctly selected correction parameters with bearing life, in which correction of roller generators was used, typical for cylindrical roller bearings of general application. The finite element method was used to determine the subsurface stress distributions necessary to calculate the fatigue life.
摘要铁路转向架轴箱用径向圆柱滚子轴承的滚子滚道接触处可能产生压力积聚,降低疲劳寿命。可以通过应用生成器的对数校正,特别是各种修改的对数校正来消除这种累积。校正参数应适应轴承的运行条件。本文比较了在正确选择校正参数的情况下,轴箱轴承的预测疲劳寿命与轴承寿命,其中使用了滚子发电机的校正,这是一般应用的圆柱滚子轴承的典型情况。使用有限元方法来确定计算疲劳寿命所需的表面下应力分布。
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引用次数: 0
Experimental and finite element analysis of slope stability treated by lime milk (case of El Amir Abdelkader embankment) 石灰乳处理边坡稳定性的试验与有限元分析(以El Amir Abdelkader路堤为例)
Q3 Engineering Pub Date : 2021-01-01 DOI: 10.2478/mme-2021-0011
Zeyneb Belabbaci, A. Berrabah, D. Bouri
Abstract This paper presents an experimental stabilization approach of the landslide that threatens a slope located near the city of El Amir Abdelkader, Ain Temouchent, Algeria. Stabilization is assured by the addition of lime milk, and then a numerical validation of the results with respect to the safety coefficient before and after treatment was performed by “Plaxis” software. Experimental results show that the stabilization by lime milk improves compaction parameters, swelling and shear strength, particularly the cohesion and friction angle, the latter permitting appreciation of the sliding surface on which it is necessary to base the calculation of the safety coefficient before and after treatment. Numerical results indicate that the factor of safety increases with the improvement of the mechanical characteristics c and ϕ, which are improved by increasing lime milk percentage. The numerical validation using “Plaxis” finite element code gives results that are in perfect agreement with the experimental ones, indicating that this software is a good tool for slope stability study.
摘要本文介绍了一种滑坡的实验稳定方法,该滑坡威胁着阿尔及利亚艾因特穆钦特市El Amir Abdelkader市附近的一个斜坡。通过添加石灰乳来确保稳定性,然后通过“Plaxis”软件对处理前后的安全系数结果进行数值验证。实验结果表明,石灰乳的稳定作用提高了压实参数、膨胀和剪切强度,特别是内聚力和摩擦角,后者允许对滑动表面进行评估,在处理前后有必要计算安全系数。数值结果表明,安全系数随着机械特性c和ξ的改善而增加,而机械特性c、ξ通过增加石灰乳百分比而得到改善。利用“Plaxis”有限元程序进行数值验证,结果与实验结果完全一致,表明该软件是边坡稳定性研究的良好工具。
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引用次数: 1
Ansys code applied to investigate the dynamics of composite sandwich beams Ansys程序在复合材料夹层梁动力学研究中的应用
Q3 Engineering Pub Date : 2021-01-01 DOI: 10.2478/mme-2021-0009
A. Chudzik
Abstract A numerical analysis of the effect of temperature on the dynamics of the sandwich beam model with a viscoelastic core is presented. The beam under analysis was described with a standard rheological model. This solution allows one to study the effect of temperature on material strength properties. Calculations were performed with the Finite Element Method in the ANSYS software. The analysis of the results of the numerical calculations showed a significant influence of temperature on the strength properties of the model under test. The analysis confirmed damping properties of viscoelastic materials.
摘要对温度对粘弹性芯夹层梁模型动力学的影响进行了数值分析。用标准流变模型描述了分析中的梁。该解决方案使人们能够研究温度对材料强度特性的影响。使用ANSYS软件中的有限元法进行计算。对数值计算结果的分析表明,温度对试验模型的强度特性有显著影响。分析证实了粘弹性材料的阻尼特性。
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引用次数: 0
Transient response of “Brezina concrete arch dam”–“Reservoir water”–“Rock foundation” system “布雷齐纳混凝土拱坝”-“水库水”-“岩基”体系的瞬态响应
Q3 Engineering Pub Date : 2021-01-01 DOI: 10.2478/mme-2021-0015
Wahiba Moussi, A. Berrabah, A. Bekkouche, Mohamed Belharizi
Abstract In this paper, transient responses of the Brezina concrete arch dam, located in the west of Algeria, are determined using the finite elements commercial package, Ansys. A 3D model has been created to study the rock–fluid–structure interaction phenomenon. The foundation rock is modeled as a mass rock using solid finite elements, and the reservoir water is modeled using fluid finite element for the 3D model; the length and width of the foundation rock and water reservoir, along the global X and Y axes, are taken to be 150 m and 300 m, respectively, while its depth (or height), along the Z direction, is taken to be 100 m (the total height of the model is thus 160 m considering that the reservoir water height is taken to be 50 m). Coupling equations available in the Ansys code library are used to represent the dam–water and dam–foundation interfaces. It is found that the role of the reservoir water is mixed. In some cases, its presence is like a damper, which means it decreases the range of displacement or stresses, whereas in other cases, it increases or has a negligible effect on these quantities. A notable finding is the magnitude of the calculated stresses, which stands at a very low level, either with or without water. An in-depth review of the literature reveals that the study carried out in this research encompasses several elements of originality, as only very few similar works have been undertaken.
摘要本文采用有限元商业软件包Ansys对阿尔及利亚西部布雷齐纳混凝土拱坝的瞬态响应进行了计算。已经创建了一个三维模型来研究岩石-流体-结构相互作用现象。使用固体有限元将基岩建模为块体岩石,并且使用流体有限元对储层水建模以用于3D模型;基岩和水库沿全局X轴和Y轴的长度和宽度分别取为150 m和300 m,而其沿Z方向的深度(或高度)取为100 m(因此,考虑到水库水位取为50 m,模型的总高度为160 m)。Ansys代码库中可用的耦合方程用于表示大坝-水和大坝-基础界面。研究发现,水库水的作用是混合的。在某些情况下,它的存在就像阻尼器,这意味着它减少了位移或应力的范围,而在其他情况下,其增加或对这些量的影响可以忽略不计。一个值得注意的发现是计算出的应力的大小,无论有水还是无水,都处于非常低的水平。对文献的深入回顾表明,这项研究中进行的研究包含了几个独创性元素,因为只有极少数类似的作品被进行过。
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引用次数: 1
Numerical analysis based on finite element method of active vibration control of a sandwich plate using piezoelectric patches 基于有限元法的压电片夹层板振动主动控制数值分析
Q3 Engineering Pub Date : 2020-09-01 DOI: 10.2478/mme-2020-0005
Hanane Serhane, K. Bendine, F. B. Boukhoulda, A. Lousdad
Abstract An active method of vibration control of a smart sandwich plate (SSP) using discrete piezoelectric patches is investigated. In order to actively control the SSP vibration, the plate is equipped with three piezoelectric patches that act as actuators. Based on the classical plate theory, a finite element model with the contributions of piezoelectric sensor and actuator patches on the mass and stiffness of the sandwich plate was developed to derive the state space equation. LQR control algorithm is used in order to actively control the SSP vibration. The accuracy of the present model is tested in transient and harmonic loads. The applied piezoelectric actuator provides a damping effect on the SSP vibration. The amplitudes of vibrations and the damping time were significantly reduced when the control is ON.
摘要研究了一种采用离散压电片的智能夹芯板振动主动控制方法。为了主动控制SSP振动,该板配备了三个用作致动器的压电片。基于经典板理论,建立了一个有限元模型,该模型考虑了压电传感器和致动器片对夹层板质量和刚度的影响,推导了状态空间方程。采用LQR控制算法对SSP振动进行主动控制。在瞬态和谐波负载中测试了该模型的准确性。所应用的压电致动器对SSP振动提供阻尼作用。当控制开启时,振动幅度和阻尼时间显著减少。
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引用次数: 2
Self-Maintenance Orbits Using The perturbations Due to Air Drag and Due to Earth's Oblateness 利用空气阻力和地球倾角引起的扰动的自维护轨道
Q3 Engineering Pub Date : 2020-09-01 DOI: 10.2478/mme-2020-0002
M. R. Amin
Abstract The focus of this paper is the design of a self-maintenance orbit using two natural forces against each other. The effect of perturbations due to Earth's oblateness up to the third order on both the semi-major axis and eccentricity for a low Earth orbit satellite together with the perturbation due to air drag on the same orbital parameters were used, in order to create self-maintenance orbits. Numerical results were simulated for a low earth orbit satellite, which substantiates the applicability of the results.
摘要本文的重点是利用两种自然力相互作用的自维护轨道的设计。利用近地轨道卫星半长轴和偏心距上三阶地球扁率引起的扰动和空气阻力引起的扰动对相同轨道参数的影响,建立了自维持轨道。对一颗近地轨道卫星进行了数值模拟,验证了数值结果的适用性。
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引用次数: 0
Energy analysis of a real suction-pressure unit 一个实吸压力单元的能量分析
Q3 Engineering Pub Date : 2020-09-01 DOI: 10.2478/mme-2020-0001
A. Myszkowski, R. Staniek, Michał Zielinski
Abstract The article presents an energy analysis of a real suction-pressure unit of a high-efficiency radial piston pump. This pump can be used in small hydropower plants, where, together with a variable displacement hydraulic motor, it would form a hydrostatic transmission. The main advantage of this solution is the possibility of a stepless, automatic change of gear ratio during its operation, which allows an increase of the efficiency of power generation in a hydropower plant. Mathematical models of friction and resistance of flow through self-acting and geometrical deformations of chambers and piston under stress field are presented. In addition, mass, volume, and energy balance calculations were computed for the ideal unit and pressure losses were determined. Derived indicator diagrams for each chamber of the ideal suction-pressure unit served to analyze the technical work of occurring processes. The paper also presents the formulation of total efficiency of the unit. Lastly, the experimental procedure is presented, according to which it is possible to register the most important parameters of the proposed model.
摘要本文对高效径向柱塞泵的实际吸入压力单元进行了能量分析。该泵可用于小型水力发电厂,在那里,它与可变排量液压马达一起形成静液压传动。这种解决方案的主要优点是在运行过程中可以无级、自动地改变传动比,这可以提高水力发电厂的发电效率。建立了流体在应力场作用下通过室和活塞的自作用和几何变形产生的摩擦和阻力的数学模型。此外,还计算了理想装置的质量、体积和能量平衡计算,并确定了压力损失。理想吸入压力装置的每个腔室的衍生指示图用于分析发生过程的技术工作。文中还给出了机组总效率的计算公式。最后,给出了实验程序,根据该程序可以注册所提出模型的最重要参数。
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引用次数: 0
Experimental Determination of the Surface Geometrical Structure Parameters and Tool Wear During Turning the Polymer Concrete 聚合物混凝土车削过程中表面几何结构参数和刀具磨损的实验测定
Q3 Engineering Pub Date : 2020-09-01 DOI: 10.2478/mme-2020-0007
N. Kepczak, R. Rosik
Abstract The paper presents the results of experimental determination of the Surface Geometrical Structure (SGS) parameters and tool wear during turning the polymer concrete. Until now, all literature reports have shown that the smoothness and roughness of the mineral cast surface was obtained directly from the mold. However, new applications of polymer concrete, even for some parts of the machine tools, forced the producers to carry out machining, which would improve the parameters of the surface layer. The topic of machining ceramic-based composite materials is a new chapter in the field of machining, which has not been sufficiently researched so far. The article describes the process of experimental determination of dependence of surface layer and tools wear parameters from cutting parameters during longitudinal turning of polymer concrete. The turning was carried out using plates made of a cubic boron nitride (CBN). After machining, the surface roughness and the maximum width of the flank wear were measured. On this basis, the mathematical model of the surface layer and tools wear parameters versus cutting parameters were defined. The authors also attempted to explain the phenomena occurring in the machining zone using variable cutting parameters. Microscopic pictures of CBN plates after machining were also performed. After the study, the final conclusions about the machining of mineral cast material were formulated.
本文介绍了聚合物混凝土车削过程中表面几何结构(SGS)参数和刀具磨损的实验测定结果。到目前为止,所有的文献报道都表明,矿物铸件表面的光滑度和粗糙度是直接从模具中获得的。然而,聚合物混凝土的新应用,甚至是机床的某些零件,迫使生产商进行机械加工,这将改善表面层的参数。陶瓷基复合材料的加工是机械加工领域的一个新篇章,迄今为止尚未得到充分的研究。本文介绍了聚合物混凝土纵向车削过程中切削参数与表面层和刀具磨损参数相关性的实验测定过程。车削是使用由立方氮化硼(CBN)制成的板进行的。加工后,测量了表面粗糙度和侧面磨损的最大宽度。在此基础上,定义了表面层和刀具磨损参数与切削参数的数学模型。作者还试图用可变的切削参数来解释加工区中发生的现象。还进行了加工后CBN板的显微镜照片。通过研究,得出了关于矿物铸造材料加工的最终结论。
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引用次数: 0
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Mechanics and Mechanical Engineering
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