Eurasian Journal of Medicine最新文献

Background:  Retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) is a disease associated with abnormal development of retinal vessels in low birth weight and preterm infants. In this study, it was aimed to show that the disease can be controlled almost perfectly with early diagnosis and treatment in retinopathy developing in premature babies.

Methods:  In the study, 66 eyes of 33 patients who needed ROP treatment were evaluated. Babies who met the screening criteria were examined for the first time 3-4 weeks after birth. In the treatment of patients who underwent laser photocoagulation and intravitreal injection, the stage of the disease plus the regression of the disease in the laser group and completion of retinal vascularization in the intravitreal injection group were determined as success criteria.

Results:  Laser photocoagulation (LFC) was applied to 54 eyes, intravitreal bevacizumab (IVB) was applied to 8 eyes, and bilateral LFC+IVB was applied to 2 patients in the same session. Since there was no complete regression in the stage of the 2 patients who underwent LFC, an IVB injection was made into one eye of a patient and both eyes of the other patient. After the treatments, the disease regressed and retinal macular traction did not occur.

Conclusion:  It has been indicated that timely intervention in patients with treatment indications after regular screening for ROP can prevent possible blindness.

Background:  Anatomical and histological features of the thoracolumbar fascia may play an active role in chronic low back pain (LBP). This study aimed to evaluate the efcacy of interfascial injection in patients with LBP.

Methods:  Sixty participants with chronic LBP were recruited for this study. The patients were allocated to 2 groups: physical therapy (PT) (n=30) and PT+interfascial injection (IFI) (n=31, 10mL (0.25% bupivacaine)+methylprednisolone (40 mg) injection into the middle layer between the quadratus lumborum and erector spinae muscle). Outcome measures involved performing Numeric Rating Scale (NRS) and Oswestry Disability Index (ODI) scoring on study participants at pretreatment (PRT), as well as posttreatment at months first, second, fourth, and sixth.

Results:  In both groups, NRS and ODI scores were statistically significantly lower than PRT values at the first, second, third, fourth, and sixth months. (P <.05) NRS and ODI scores were significantly lower in the IFI and PT groups compared to the PT group at the first, second, fourth, and sixth months. (P <.05).

Conclusion:  The study result shows that IFI applied to the middle layer of the thoracolumbar fascia may be efective in individuals with chronic LBP. The efect of fascial structures on LBP should be further investigated.

Intestinal microbiota, which plays an important role in human health by interacting with each other or with its hosts, is afected by many endogenous and exogenous factors. Any change in the composition and functionality of the intestinal microbiota, both in number and diversity, causes disruption of intestinal functioning and paves the way for many diseases. In this regard, many antimicrobial peptides, especially bacteriocins, synthesized by lactic acid bacteria are thought to be natural resources with a high potential for the protection of the intestinal microbiota and the treatment of intestinal diseases. Both the intestinal microbiota itself and many foodborne bacteria produce bacteriocins that can inhibit pathogenic microorganisms that cause serious health problems and regulate the intestinal microbiota. This review aims to provide a comprehensive overview of the intestinal microbiota, the properties of lactic acid bacteria, their bacteriocins, and the efects of bacteriocins on the human health.

The sine qua non of enhanced recovery after surgery protocols designed to improve the perioperative experiences and outcomes of patients is to determine the most appropriate analgesia management. Although many regional techniques have been tried over the years in this purpose, interfacial plane blocks have become more popular with the introduction of ultrasound technology into daily practice and they have great potential to support effective postoperative pain management in many surgeries. The current article focuses on the benefits, techniques, indications, and complications of interfascial plane blocks applied in cardiac, abdominal, and spine surgeries.

Surgery is the primary treatment for pulmonary hydatid cysts. This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to compare the results of capitonnage and uncapitonnage techniques for the surgery of pulmonary hydatid cysts. Descriptive Boolean queries were used to search PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science for articles published up to June 2022 to evaluate the outcomes of pulmonary hydatid cysts in terms of mortality, postoperative complications, and hospital stay. A total of 12 studies were included. An analysis of the total side effects revealed that there was a statistically significant difference between the capitonnage and uncapitonnage groups (odds ratio=3.81, 95% confidence interval=[1.75-8.31], P < .001). The results showed that more side effects were observed in the uncapitonnage group than in the capitonnage group. The risk of side effects in the uncapitonnage group is 3.81 times higher than in the capitonnage group. The results showed that more prolonged air leak was seen in uncapitonnage group than in the capitonnage group (odds ratio=4.18, 95% confidence interval=[1.64-10.64], P=.003). The results show that more empyema was observed in uncapitonnage group than in the capitonnage group (odds ratio=4.76, 95% confidence interval=[1.29-17.57], P =0.020). An analysis of atelectasis and mean hospital stay revealed that there was no statistically significant difference between the capitonnage and uncapitonnage groups. The results reveal the advantages of capitonnage in the treatment of pulmonary hydatid cysts and that the capitonnage method is quite effective in reducing complications compared to the uncapitonnage method.

Objective: The objectives of this study is to evaluate oral health comparatively in four different groups separated according to body mass index (BMI).

Materials and methods: A total of 352 patients who applied for different dental reasons were divided into groups according to BMI and examined radiologically. The incidence of oral health parameters (dental caries, alveolar bone loss, tooth loss, and periapical lesion) was evaluated.

Results: While there was a significant difference between the groups in terms of caries, alveolar bone loss, and tooth loss (P < .05), there was no difference in the incidence of periapical lesions (P > .05).

Conclusion: Obese individuals have a higher prevalence of alveolar bone loss, caries, and tooth loss. These results show that an above-normal BMI is an important factor that can negatively affect oral health.

Objective: In children, neuromuscular blockers may have different effects with various inhalation agents and incomplete reversal of the blockade continues to be a problem. The aim of the study is to observe the effects of sugammadex on reversing the blockade by a single dose of rocuronium, the peak inspiratory pressure, hemodynamic parameters in children under sevoflurane and desflurane anesthesia.

Materials and methods: One hundred forty-eight children aged 2-10 years old, to be operated under shortterm general anesthesia, were enrolled in this prospective randomized controlled trial. After induction, the patients were intubated at the end of TOF (Train-of-four) ratio of 1.0-0. The time taken until TOF reached 0.25 was recorded, and 2 mg/kg sugammadex was administered to the patients. The period until the TOF was at least 0.9 and in the first 10 minutes after sugammadex injection, peak inspiratory pressure, the systolic-diastolic arterial pressure, and the heart rate were monitored and possible side effects were observed in the recovery room.

Results: Following the injection of sugammadex, the time taken for TOF of 0.25 to reach >0.9 was significantly shorter in the 2-4-year-old age group under sevoflurane anesthesia. After sugammadex injection, a small but statistically significant increase in peak inspiratory pressure values was observed in Group D at the 2nd, 5th, and 10th minutes.

Conclusion: Rapid and complete recovery was achieved from the block induced by a single dose of 0.6 mg/ kg rocuronium by the use of sugammadex which did not give rise to any side effects.

Objective: ADP-ribosylation factor-like tumor suppressor gene 1 is a member of the Ras superfamily of small guanosine triphosphatases that are known to be involved in multiple regulatory pathways in the multistage development of human cancers. Also, ADP-ribosylation factor-like tumor suppressor gene 1 expression levels have been reported to be dramatically lower in both cancer cell lines and tumor tissues compared to controls. Accordingly, defects in the regulation of the ADP-ribosylation factor-like tumor suppressor gene 1 gene seems have key tumor suppressive effects in the formation and development of human cancers including lung cancer. Moreover, microRNAs regulating the expression of ADP-ribosylation factor-like tumor suppressor gene 1 have not been described previously. Accordingly, the present study aimed to reveal the influence of miR-16-5p on the regulation of ADP-ribosylation factor-like tumor suppressor gene 1 gene.

Materials and methods: A549 lung adenocarcinoma cells were used. For the overexpression and silencing experiments of miR-16-5p synthetic microRNA mimics and inhibitors were used, respectively. Gene expression analyses were achieved with the help of quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction.

Results: MiR-16-5p was identified to be predictive target of ADP-ribosylation factor-like tumor suppressor gene 1 and directly targets the expression of ADP-ribosylation factor-like tumor suppressor gene 1 as revealed by the overexpression and silencing experiments. Specifically, it was found that miR-16-5p-overexpressed A549 cells showed a decrease in ADP-ribosylation factor-like tumor suppressor gene 1 gene expression, whereas miR16-5p-suppressed cells showed an increase in expression. These findings possibly suggest that miR-16-5p is the direct regulatory microRNA that posttranscriptionally regulates the expression of ADP-ribosylation factor-like tumor suppressor gene 1.

Conclusion: Collectively, miR-16-5p seems to be a key regulatory molecule involved in the posttranscriptional regulation of the ADP-ribosylation factor-like tumor suppressor gene 1, and it might be responsible for the downregulation of this gene in lung cancer.