Pub Date : 2015-01-01DOI: 10.24199/J.MMV.2015.73.08
G. Poore, D. J. Collins
Poore, G.C.B. and Collins, D.J. 2015. Micheleidae (Crustacea: Decapoda: Axiidea): new family, generic and species synonymies, three new Australian species, and new records. Memoirs of Museum Victoria 73: 95–105. The Micheleidae are shown to include all taxa previously separated as Meticonaxiidae. A revised key to genera, Marcusiaxius, Meticonaxius, Tethisea and Michelea is presented. Meteoraxius Sakai and Türkay, 2012 is synonymised with Meticonaxius de Man, 1905. Micheleopsis Sakai, 2010 is synonymised with Michelea Kensley and Heard, 1991; among other quite trivial differences, the genus had been differentiated on a simple form of the male pleopod 1, suspected to be a juvenile feature and/or lacking merit as a generic character. Three new species, Michelea kalbarri, M. imperieusae and Tethisea alanwilliamsi are described. Michelea kalbarri is unique in its genus in lacking pleopodal lamellae. Michelea novaecaledoniae Poore, 1997 is added to the Australian fauna. Michelea paraleura is synonymised with M. leura.
Poore, G.C.B.和Collins, D.J. 2015。Micheleidae(甲壳纲:十足纲:轴总纲):新科、属和种同义、3个澳洲新种和新记录。维多利亚博物馆回忆录73:95-105。Micheleidae显示包括所有以前分离为meticonaxidae的分类群。提出了马尔库西亚属、梅提科纳属、特提斯属和米歇莱属的订正分类表。Meteoraxius Sakai and t rkay, 2012与meticonaxus de Man, 1905同义。Micheleopsis Sakai, 2010与Michelea Kensley and Heard, 1991同义;在其他相当微不足道的差异中，这个属是在一个雄性多足类动物1的简单形式上区分出来的，被怀疑是一个幼年特征和/或缺乏作为一般特征的优点。描述了三种新种，Michelea kalbarri, M. imperieusae和Tethisea alanwilliamsi。在其属中缺乏多足片是独特的。新米凯莱亚，1997年加入澳大利亚动物群。Michelea pareura与M. leura同义。
{"title":"Micheleidae (Crustacea: Decapoda: Axiidea): new family, generic and species synonymies, three new Australian species, and new records","authors":"G. Poore, D. J. Collins","doi":"10.24199/J.MMV.2015.73.08","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24199/J.MMV.2015.73.08","url":null,"abstract":"Poore, G.C.B. and Collins, D.J. 2015. Micheleidae (Crustacea: Decapoda: Axiidea): new family, generic and species synonymies, three new Australian species, and new records. Memoirs of Museum Victoria 73: 95–105. The Micheleidae are shown to include all taxa previously separated as Meticonaxiidae. A revised key to genera, Marcusiaxius, Meticonaxius, Tethisea and Michelea is presented. Meteoraxius Sakai and Türkay, 2012 is synonymised with Meticonaxius de Man, 1905. Micheleopsis Sakai, 2010 is synonymised with Michelea Kensley and Heard, 1991; among other quite trivial differences, the genus had been differentiated on a simple form of the male pleopod 1, suspected to be a juvenile feature and/or lacking merit as a generic character. Three new species, Michelea kalbarri, M. imperieusae and Tethisea alanwilliamsi are described. Michelea kalbarri is unique in its genus in lacking pleopodal lamellae. Michelea novaecaledoniae Poore, 1997 is added to the Australian fauna. Michelea paraleura is synonymised with M. leura.","PeriodicalId":53647,"journal":{"name":"Memoirs of Museum Victoria","volume":"24 1","pages":"95-105"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84735689","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2014-12-01DOI: 10.24199/J.MMV.2014.71.24
C. Watson, Adam J. Chivers, B. Narayanaswamy, P. Lamont, Robert Turnewitsch
Watson, C., Chivers, A.J., Narayanaswamy, B.E., Lamont, P. and Turnewitsch, R. 2014. Chrysopetalidae (Annelida: Phyllodocida) from the Senghor Seamount, north-east Atlantic: taxa with deep-sea affinities and morphological adaptations. Memoirs of Museum Victoria 71: 311–325. Senghor Seamount is located in the north-east (NE) Atlantic Ocean, 550 km west of Senegal, Africa, in the Cape Verde Archipelago. Macrofaunal sampling was undertaken from the summit (~100 m depth) to the base of the seamount (~3300 m depth) during the RV Meteor cruise (November 2009). The Chrysopetalidae fauna represents the first record for the family from a tall seamount habitat and is composed of East Atlantic continental margin and deep-sea species. Dysponetus sp. 1 is present at the summit and Dysponetus caecus at base depths. Thrausmatos is recorded for the first time in the Atlantic Ocean, as Thrausmatos senghorensis sp. nov., and is found at mid-slope depths only. The taxon with the largest number of individuals, Arichlidon reyssi, is most evident at the summit, with one record mid-slope. All Senghor species belong to the only three chrysopetalid genera that possess epitokous, swimming neurochaetae. Adults of A. reyssi from the Senghor Seamount and planktonic metatrochophore larvae from the NE Atlantic coast are compared and described in detail. The West Atlantic benthic nectochaete larvae of Arichlidon gathofi are also described in the interest of recognising and separating the two cryptic Atlantic Arichlidon species.
{"title":"Chrysopetalidae (Annelida: Phyllodocida) from the Senghor Seamount, north-east Atlantic: taxa with deep-sea affinities and morphological adaptations","authors":"C. Watson, Adam J. Chivers, B. Narayanaswamy, P. Lamont, Robert Turnewitsch","doi":"10.24199/J.MMV.2014.71.24","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24199/J.MMV.2014.71.24","url":null,"abstract":"Watson, C., Chivers, A.J., Narayanaswamy, B.E., Lamont, P. and Turnewitsch, R. 2014. Chrysopetalidae (Annelida: Phyllodocida) from the Senghor Seamount, north-east Atlantic: taxa with deep-sea affinities and morphological adaptations. Memoirs of Museum Victoria 71: 311–325. Senghor Seamount is located in the north-east (NE) Atlantic Ocean, 550 km west of Senegal, Africa, in the Cape Verde Archipelago. Macrofaunal sampling was undertaken from the summit (~100 m depth) to the base of the seamount (~3300 m depth) during the RV Meteor cruise (November 2009). The Chrysopetalidae fauna represents the first record for the family from a tall seamount habitat and is composed of East Atlantic continental margin and deep-sea species. Dysponetus sp. 1 is present at the summit and Dysponetus caecus at base depths. Thrausmatos is recorded for the first time in the Atlantic Ocean, as Thrausmatos senghorensis sp. nov., and is found at mid-slope depths only. The taxon with the largest number of individuals, Arichlidon reyssi, is most evident at the summit, with one record mid-slope. All Senghor species belong to the only three chrysopetalid genera that possess epitokous, swimming neurochaetae. Adults of A. reyssi from the Senghor Seamount and planktonic metatrochophore larvae from the NE Atlantic coast are compared and described in detail. The West Atlantic benthic nectochaete larvae of Arichlidon gathofi are also described in the interest of recognising and separating the two cryptic Atlantic Arichlidon species.","PeriodicalId":53647,"journal":{"name":"Memoirs of Museum Victoria","volume":"4 1","pages":"311-325"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91294829","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2014-11-25DOI: 10.24199/J.MMV.2014.71.16
L. Neal, H. Wiklund, A. Muir, K. Linse, A. Glover
Neal, L., Wiklund, H., Muir, A.I., Linse, K. and Glover, A.G. 2014. The identity of juvenile Polynoidae (Annelida) in the Southern Ocean revealed by DNA taxonomy, with notes on the status of Herdmanella gracilis Ehlers sensu Augener. Memoirs of Museum Victoria 71: 203–216. Using molecular data (CO1, 16S and H3 genes), we provide evidence for a long-held view that Southern Ocean scaleworms (Polynoidae) morphologically agreeing with Herdmanella gracilis sensu Augener, 1929 Ehlers sensu Augener are in fact juveniles of another species. The problematic genus Herdmanella is declared a nomen dubium. Importantly, at least two species were identified; one adult counterpart is a common circumpolar species, Austrolaenilla antarctica Bergstrom, 1916, and the other is of an as yet unknown identity. More adult counterparts are likely to be discovered with greater sequencing effort and larger taxon coverage. We have discovered a great genetic diversity within the A. antarctica clade in the CO1 gene, and future studies may elucidate if this represents a cryptic species. Currently, we adopt a conservative approach and suggest that given low diversity in mt16S and complete identity in H3 genes, this clade represents a single species, with only the specimen from South Georgia likely deserving the status of a cryptic species, as shown by haplotype network analysis. High mtDNA diversity in populations of Antarctic scaleworms may be linked to habitat fragmentation during recent glacial periods. Our study also highlights the importance of identifying juvenile specimens correctly in order to understand ecological processes such as the apparent high productivity in the Amundsen Sea region.
Neal, L.， Wiklund, H.， Muir, A.I, Linse, K.和Glover, A.G. 2014。DNA分类揭示南大洋多齿鱼幼鱼(环节动物)的身份，并对Herdmanella gracilis Ehlers sensu Augener的地位作了说明。维多利亚博物馆回忆录71:203-216。利用分子数据(CO1, 16S和H3基因)，我们为长期以来的观点提供了证据，即在形态上与Herdmanella gracilis sensu Augener, 1929 Ehlers sensu Augener一致的南大洋鳞虫(Polynoidae)实际上是另一个物种的幼体。有问题的Herdmanella属被宣布为nomen dubium。重要的是，至少确定了两个物种;一个成年的对应物种是一个常见的环极物种，austrollaenilla antarctica Bergstrom, 1916年，另一个身份尚不清楚。通过更大的测序努力和更大的分类覆盖范围，可能会发现更多的成人对应物。我们已经在南极古猿的进化分支中发现了巨大的CO1基因遗传多样性，未来的研究可能会阐明这是否代表一个隐藏物种。目前，我们采用保守的方法，认为考虑到mt16S的低多样性和H3基因的完全同一性，该支系代表一个单一物种，只有来自南乔治亚岛的标本可能值得一个隐种的地位，单倍型网络分析显示。南极鳞虫种群的高mtDNA多样性可能与最近冰期栖息地破碎化有关。我们的研究还强调了正确识别幼年标本的重要性，以便了解生态过程，例如阿蒙森海地区明显的高生产力。
{"title":"The identity of juvenile Polynoidae (Annelida) in the Southern Ocean revealed by DNA taxonomy, with notes on the status of Herdmanella gracilis Ehlers sensu Augener","authors":"L. Neal, H. Wiklund, A. Muir, K. Linse, A. Glover","doi":"10.24199/J.MMV.2014.71.16","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24199/J.MMV.2014.71.16","url":null,"abstract":"Neal, L., Wiklund, H., Muir, A.I., Linse, K. and Glover, A.G. 2014. The identity of juvenile Polynoidae (Annelida) in the Southern Ocean revealed by DNA taxonomy, with notes on the status of Herdmanella gracilis Ehlers sensu Augener. Memoirs of Museum Victoria 71: 203–216. Using molecular data (CO1, 16S and H3 genes), we provide evidence for a long-held view that Southern Ocean scaleworms (Polynoidae) morphologically agreeing with Herdmanella gracilis sensu Augener, 1929 Ehlers sensu Augener are in fact juveniles of another species. The problematic genus Herdmanella is declared a nomen dubium. Importantly, at least two species were identified; one adult counterpart is a common circumpolar species, Austrolaenilla antarctica Bergstrom, 1916, and the other is of an as yet unknown identity. More adult counterparts are likely to be discovered with greater sequencing effort and larger taxon coverage. We have discovered a great genetic diversity within the A. antarctica clade in the CO1 gene, and future studies may elucidate if this represents a cryptic species. Currently, we adopt a conservative approach and suggest that given low diversity in mt16S and complete identity in H3 genes, this clade represents a single species, with only the specimen from South Georgia likely deserving the status of a cryptic species, as shown by haplotype network analysis. High mtDNA diversity in populations of Antarctic scaleworms may be linked to habitat fragmentation during recent glacial periods. Our study also highlights the importance of identifying juvenile specimens correctly in order to understand ecological processes such as the apparent high productivity in the Amundsen Sea region.","PeriodicalId":53647,"journal":{"name":"Memoirs of Museum Victoria","volume":"25 1","pages":"203-216"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-11-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88847625","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2014-01-01DOI: 10.24199/J.MMV.2014.71.07
K. Fitzhugh
Fitzhugh, K. 2014. Character mapping and cladogram comparison versus the requirement of total evidence: does it matter for polychaete systematics? Memoirs of Museum Victoria 71: 67–78. The practice of partitioning data for the inferences of phylogenetic hypotheses has become a routine practice in biological systematics. Two popular approaches: (i) mapping ‘morphological’ characters onto ‘molecular’ phylogenies, and (ii) comparing ‘morphological’ and ‘molecular’ phylogenies, are examined in light of what is known as the requirement of total evidence. Inferences of phylogenetic hypotheses, indeed all taxa, occur by a type of non-deductive reasoning known as abduction. The intent of abduction is to offer at least tentative causal accounts that explain character data. The rational acceptance of abductively derived hypotheses is subject to conditions of the requirement of total evidence as a matter of the evidential support for those hypotheses. It is shown that both character mapping and comparisons of cladograms using partitioned datasets are procedures that severely reduce the credibility of phylogenetic hypotheses. This problem is alleviated by acknowledging the formal structure of the why-questions we ask in relation to character data, for which phylogenetic hypotheses serve as answers.
{"title":"Character mapping and cladogram comparison versus the requirement of total evidence: does it matter for polychaete systematics?","authors":"K. Fitzhugh","doi":"10.24199/J.MMV.2014.71.07","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24199/J.MMV.2014.71.07","url":null,"abstract":"Fitzhugh, K. 2014. Character mapping and cladogram comparison versus the requirement of total evidence: does it matter for polychaete systematics? Memoirs of Museum Victoria 71: 67–78. The practice of partitioning data for the inferences of phylogenetic hypotheses has become a routine practice in biological systematics. Two popular approaches: (i) mapping ‘morphological’ characters onto ‘molecular’ phylogenies, and (ii) comparing ‘morphological’ and ‘molecular’ phylogenies, are examined in light of what is known as the requirement of total evidence. Inferences of phylogenetic hypotheses, indeed all taxa, occur by a type of non-deductive reasoning known as abduction. The intent of abduction is to offer at least tentative causal accounts that explain character data. The rational acceptance of abductively derived hypotheses is subject to conditions of the requirement of total evidence as a matter of the evidential support for those hypotheses. It is shown that both character mapping and comparisons of cladograms using partitioned datasets are procedures that severely reduce the credibility of phylogenetic hypotheses. This problem is alleviated by acknowledging the formal structure of the why-questions we ask in relation to character data, for which phylogenetic hypotheses serve as answers.","PeriodicalId":53647,"journal":{"name":"Memoirs of Museum Victoria","volume":"37 1","pages":"67-78"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74623148","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2014-01-01DOI: 10.24199/J.MMV.2014.71.20
D. Reish, F. Anderson, Kevin M. Horn, J. Hardege
Reish, D.J., Anderson, F.E., Horn, K.M. and Hardege, J. 2014. Molecular phylogenetics of the Neanthes acuminata (Annelida: Nereididae) species complex . Memoirs of Museum Victoria 71: 271-278. The Neanthes acuminata (Nereididae) species complex is a broadly distributed group of marine benthic polychaetous annelids that is known by many names around the world and comprises at least four species. They are the only nereidids known that show exclusively male parental care. The female dies after laying her eggs in a common mucoid tube where they are fertilized, and the male incubates the eggs until the young leave the tube. All of the species in the N. acuminata complex are identical in their morphological characteristics and they all possess a similar number of segments and paragnath distribution and similarly shaped parapodia. However, populations from the U.S. East Coast, southern California, Hawaii and Portugal differ in chromosome number. Eye and egg colour also vary among populations—some worms in southern California have red eyes and produce bright yellow/orange eggs, while others have black eyes and produce pale yellow eggs. These variations suggest that N. acuminata may represent multiple evolutionarily significant units. Clarification of the phylogenetic relationships among lineages in this species complex will provide a framework for studying character evolution and revising taxonomy within this intriguing group of nereidids. To that end, we sequenced regions of one nuclear and two mitochondrial genes from worms sampled from multiple sites in North America (southern California, Mexico and Connecticut), the central Pacific (Hawaii) and Europe (Germany, Portugal and the UK). Maximum likelihood and Bayesian analyses of these data clarify relationships in this complex and show that worms sampled from California and Mexico represent two geographically intermingled subclades. These two subclades are congruent with eye and egg colour data; one subclade consists of red-eyed worms, the other consists of black-eyed worms. Furthermore, we found evidence that individuals representing these subclades can occasionally be found at the same locality.
{"title":"Molecular phylogenetics of the Neanthes acuminata (Annelida: Nereididae) species complex","authors":"D. Reish, F. Anderson, Kevin M. Horn, J. Hardege","doi":"10.24199/J.MMV.2014.71.20","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24199/J.MMV.2014.71.20","url":null,"abstract":"Reish, D.J., Anderson, F.E., Horn, K.M. and Hardege, J. 2014. Molecular phylogenetics of the Neanthes acuminata (Annelida: Nereididae) species complex . Memoirs of Museum Victoria 71: 271-278. The Neanthes acuminata (Nereididae) species complex is a broadly distributed group of marine benthic polychaetous annelids that is known by many names around the world and comprises at least four species. They are the only nereidids known that show exclusively male parental care. The female dies after laying her eggs in a common mucoid tube where they are fertilized, and the male incubates the eggs until the young leave the tube. All of the species in the N. acuminata complex are identical in their morphological characteristics and they all possess a similar number of segments and paragnath distribution and similarly shaped parapodia. However, populations from the U.S. East Coast, southern California, Hawaii and Portugal differ in chromosome number. Eye and egg colour also vary among populations—some worms in southern California have red eyes and produce bright yellow/orange eggs, while others have black eyes and produce pale yellow eggs. These variations suggest that N. acuminata may represent multiple evolutionarily significant units. Clarification of the phylogenetic relationships among lineages in this species complex will provide a framework for studying character evolution and revising taxonomy within this intriguing group of nereidids. To that end, we sequenced regions of one nuclear and two mitochondrial genes from worms sampled from multiple sites in North America (southern California, Mexico and Connecticut), the central Pacific (Hawaii) and Europe (Germany, Portugal and the UK). Maximum likelihood and Bayesian analyses of these data clarify relationships in this complex and show that worms sampled from California and Mexico represent two geographically intermingled subclades. These two subclades are congruent with eye and egg colour data; one subclade consists of red-eyed worms, the other consists of black-eyed worms. Furthermore, we found evidence that individuals representing these subclades can occasionally be found at the same locality.","PeriodicalId":53647,"journal":{"name":"Memoirs of Museum Victoria","volume":"30 1","pages":"271-278"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85225709","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2014-01-01DOI: 10.24199/J.MMV.2014.71.17
E. Oug, T. Bakken, J. Kongsrud
Oug, E., Bakken, T. and Kongsrud, J.A. 2014. Original specimens and type localities of early described polychaete species (Annelida) from Norway, with particular attention to species described by O.F. Muller and M. Sars. Memoirs of Museum Victoria 71: 217–236. Early descriptions of species from Norwegian waters are reviewed, with a focus on the basic requirements for reassessing their characteristics, in particular, by clarifying the status of the original material and locating sampling sites. A large number of polychaete species from the North Atlantic were described in the early period of zoological studies in the 18th and 19th centuries. The descriptions were often short or referred solely to general characteristics, which by today’s standards are considered inadequate for species discrimination. As a result, a number of taxa among the so-called ‘wellknown and widely distributed’ species have later been confused with morphologically similar species. Close to 100 presently valid species were described from Norwegian waters before 1900. The most prolific contributions were made by O.F. Muller (with about 20 species from 1771–1776) and Michael Sars (with more than 50 species from 1829–1872). Other authors in the 19th century included Anders Orsted, Heinrich Rathke and Gerhard Armauer Hansen. Descriptions were mostly in Latin (O.F. Muller) or in Norwegian or Danish with the diagnosis in Latin (M. Sars and contemporary naturalists). Original material from O.F. Muller is not known to exist. Original material from M. Sars and contemporary scientists does still exist, but is often not identified as original (‘syntypes’) and is occasionally spread over several museum collections. Locating original sampling localities (‘type localities’) has been achieved by combining information from various literature sources, labels of original material (when extant), and knowledge of historic place names.
{"title":"Original specimens and type localities of early described polychaete species (Annelida) from Norway, with particular attention to species described by O.F. Müller and M. Sars","authors":"E. Oug, T. Bakken, J. Kongsrud","doi":"10.24199/J.MMV.2014.71.17","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24199/J.MMV.2014.71.17","url":null,"abstract":"Oug, E., Bakken, T. and Kongsrud, J.A. 2014. Original specimens and type localities of early described polychaete species (Annelida) from Norway, with particular attention to species described by O.F. Muller and M. Sars. Memoirs of Museum Victoria 71: 217–236. Early descriptions of species from Norwegian waters are reviewed, with a focus on the basic requirements for reassessing their characteristics, in particular, by clarifying the status of the original material and locating sampling sites. A large number of polychaete species from the North Atlantic were described in the early period of zoological studies in the 18th and 19th centuries. The descriptions were often short or referred solely to general characteristics, which by today’s standards are considered inadequate for species discrimination. As a result, a number of taxa among the so-called ‘wellknown and widely distributed’ species have later been confused with morphologically similar species. Close to 100 presently valid species were described from Norwegian waters before 1900. The most prolific contributions were made by O.F. Muller (with about 20 species from 1771–1776) and Michael Sars (with more than 50 species from 1829–1872). Other authors in the 19th century included Anders Orsted, Heinrich Rathke and Gerhard Armauer Hansen. Descriptions were mostly in Latin (O.F. Muller) or in Norwegian or Danish with the diagnosis in Latin (M. Sars and contemporary naturalists). Original material from O.F. Muller is not known to exist. Original material from M. Sars and contemporary scientists does still exist, but is often not identified as original (‘syntypes’) and is occasionally spread over several museum collections. Locating original sampling localities (‘type localities’) has been achieved by combining information from various literature sources, labels of original material (when extant), and knowledge of historic place names.","PeriodicalId":53647,"journal":{"name":"Memoirs of Museum Victoria","volume":"35 1","pages":"217-236"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81075603","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2014-01-01DOI: 10.24199/J.MMV.2014.71.15
K. Mortimer, A. Mackie
Mortimer, K. and Mackie, A.S.Y. 2014. Morphology, feeding and behaviour of British Magelona (Annelida: Magelonidae), with discussions on the form and function of abdominal lateral pouches. Memoirs of Museum Victoria 71: 177–201. Observations were made on Magelona johnstoni Fiege, Licher & Mackie, 2000 and Magelona mirabilis (Johnston, 1865) maintained in a laboratory aquarium. Burrowing, feeding, palp regeneration, lateral pouch function, and behaviour were studied. The two morphologically similar (and co-occurring) species exhibited different behaviours and feeding strategies. Individuals of M. johnstoni were seen to undertake lateral sinuous movements of the thorax, both within and outside the burrow. These movements often occurred simultaneously in several animals, and on occasion, semiemergent pairs also made direct thoracic contact. This behaviour generally took place between April and July and was likely associated with reproduction; published works suggest spawning may take place between May and August. The morphology and function of abdominal lateral pouches was investigated through SEM images, experimental observation, and consideration of literature accounts.
Mortimer, K. and Mackie, A.S.Y. 2014。英国麦哲龙(环节动物:麦哲龙科)的形态、摄食和行为，并对腹部外侧囊的形态和功能进行了讨论。维多利亚博物馆回忆录71:177-201。对麦gelona johnstoni Fiege, Licher & Mackie(2000)和麦gelona mirabilis (Johnston, 1865)在实验室水族箱中进行了观察。研究了它们的挖洞、取食、触须再生、侧囊功能和行为。两种形态相似(共存)的物种表现出不同的行为和摄食策略。johnstoni的个体可以在洞穴内外进行横向弯曲的胸腔运动。这些动作通常在几只动物中同时发生，有时，半紧急成对也会直接胸部接触。这种行为通常发生在4月至7月之间，可能与繁殖有关;已发表的研究表明，产卵时间可能在5月至8月之间。通过扫描电子显微镜(SEM)图像、实验观察和文献资料研究腹部外侧袋的形态和功能。
{"title":"Morphology, feeding and behaviour of British Magelona (Annelida: Magelonidae), with discussions on the form and function of abdominal lateral pouches","authors":"K. Mortimer, A. Mackie","doi":"10.24199/J.MMV.2014.71.15","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24199/J.MMV.2014.71.15","url":null,"abstract":"Mortimer, K. and Mackie, A.S.Y. 2014. Morphology, feeding and behaviour of British Magelona (Annelida: Magelonidae), with discussions on the form and function of abdominal lateral pouches. Memoirs of Museum Victoria 71: 177–201. Observations were made on Magelona johnstoni Fiege, Licher & Mackie, 2000 and Magelona mirabilis (Johnston, 1865) maintained in a laboratory aquarium. Burrowing, feeding, palp regeneration, lateral pouch function, and behaviour were studied. The two morphologically similar (and co-occurring) species exhibited different behaviours and feeding strategies. Individuals of M. johnstoni were seen to undertake lateral sinuous movements of the thorax, both within and outside the burrow. These movements often occurred simultaneously in several animals, and on occasion, semiemergent pairs also made direct thoracic contact. This behaviour generally took place between April and July and was likely associated with reproduction; published works suggest spawning may take place between May and August. The morphology and function of abdominal lateral pouches was investigated through SEM images, experimental observation, and consideration of literature accounts.","PeriodicalId":53647,"journal":{"name":"Memoirs of Museum Victoria","volume":"11 1","pages":"177-201"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76405888","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2014-01-01DOI: 10.24199/J.MMV.2014.72.01
N. Davey
Davey, N. 2014. First record of genus Paradota Ludwig & Heding in New Zealand waters and description of a new species (Echinodermata: Holothuroidea: Synaptida). Memoirs of Museum Victoria 72: 1–4. The genus Paradota Ludwig and Heding is recorded in New Zealand waters for the first time; nineteen specimens were found in the Bay of Plenty region of north-east New Zealand. A new species, Paradota plentyensis sp. nov, is described and its taxonomic position within the Order Synaptida is considered.
{"title":"First record of genus Paradota Ludwig & Heding in New Zealand waters and description of a new species (Echinodermata: Holothuroidea: Synaptida)","authors":"N. Davey","doi":"10.24199/J.MMV.2014.72.01","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24199/J.MMV.2014.72.01","url":null,"abstract":"Davey, N. 2014. First record of genus Paradota Ludwig & Heding in New Zealand waters and description of a new species (Echinodermata: Holothuroidea: Synaptida). Memoirs of Museum Victoria 72: 1–4. The genus Paradota Ludwig and Heding is recorded in New Zealand waters for the first time; nineteen specimens were found in the Bay of Plenty region of north-east New Zealand. A new species, Paradota plentyensis sp. nov, is described and its taxonomic position within the Order Synaptida is considered.","PeriodicalId":53647,"journal":{"name":"Memoirs of Museum Victoria","volume":"1 1","pages":"1-4"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76707349","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2014-01-01DOI: 10.24199/J.MMV.2014.71.03
T. Britayev, E. Mekhova
Britayev, T.A. and Mekhova, E.S. 2014. Do symbiotic polychaetes migrate from host to host? Memoirs of Museum Victoria 71: 21–25. It is generally considered that symbiotic animals colonise their hosts during their early stages of development. The main goal of the present study was to assess whether post-settled stages (juvenile and adult) of the symbiotic polychaete Paradyte crinoidicola are able to colonise their host comatulid crinoids. We also considered possible motives for symbiont migrations based on the intraspecific traumatism, size and sex structure data, and distribution pattern of P. crinoidicola. To this end, field sampling and experiments with depopulated hosts of the comatulid crinoid Himerometra robustipinna were carried out. The infestation prevalence was 62%, each infested host harbored from 1 to 7 polychaetes, and multiple infestations with 2 or 3 polychaetes per host were common. Mean intensity was 2.1 specimens per host. The dispersion coefficient was 1.7, greater than 1, indicating the tendency to contagious distribution pattern. Male/female ratio in P. crinoidicola was very close to the expected 1:1 ratio. About 33 % of P. crinoidicola had a traumatised posterior ends, and 31% damaged and regenerated parapodia, elytra and cirri, likely attributable to intra-specific fighting. In the field experiments depopulated crinoids were rapidly colonised by symbionts. The infestation characteristics of recolonised hosts didn’t differ significantly to that of the control. Mean length of polychaetes and the ratio of small polychaetes to large polychaetes were similar in the experimental series and in the control, indicating a colonisation of crinoids not only by settling larvae, but predominately by migrating post-settled juveniles and adults. The male/female ratio deviated significantly in favor of males in the experimental series, suggesting that males more than females actively migrate among hosts. Intraspecific competition and searching for mating partners are proposed as causes for host swapping in P. crinoidicola.
{"title":"Do symbiotic polychaetes migrate from host to host","authors":"T. Britayev, E. Mekhova","doi":"10.24199/J.MMV.2014.71.03","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24199/J.MMV.2014.71.03","url":null,"abstract":"Britayev, T.A. and Mekhova, E.S. 2014. Do symbiotic polychaetes migrate from host to host? Memoirs of Museum Victoria 71: 21–25. It is generally considered that symbiotic animals colonise their hosts during their early stages of development. The main goal of the present study was to assess whether post-settled stages (juvenile and adult) of the symbiotic polychaete Paradyte crinoidicola are able to colonise their host comatulid crinoids. We also considered possible motives for symbiont migrations based on the intraspecific traumatism, size and sex structure data, and distribution pattern of P. crinoidicola. To this end, field sampling and experiments with depopulated hosts of the comatulid crinoid Himerometra robustipinna were carried out. The infestation prevalence was 62%, each infested host harbored from 1 to 7 polychaetes, and multiple infestations with 2 or 3 polychaetes per host were common. Mean intensity was 2.1 specimens per host. The dispersion coefficient was 1.7, greater than 1, indicating the tendency to contagious distribution pattern. Male/female ratio in P. crinoidicola was very close to the expected 1:1 ratio. About 33 % of P. crinoidicola had a traumatised posterior ends, and 31% damaged and regenerated parapodia, elytra and cirri, likely attributable to intra-specific fighting. In the field experiments depopulated crinoids were rapidly colonised by symbionts. The infestation characteristics of recolonised hosts didn’t differ significantly to that of the control. Mean length of polychaetes and the ratio of small polychaetes to large polychaetes were similar in the experimental series and in the control, indicating a colonisation of crinoids not only by settling larvae, but predominately by migrating post-settled juveniles and adults. The male/female ratio deviated significantly in favor of males in the experimental series, suggesting that males more than females actively migrate among hosts. Intraspecific competition and searching for mating partners are proposed as causes for host swapping in P. crinoidicola.","PeriodicalId":53647,"journal":{"name":"Memoirs of Museum Victoria","volume":"51 1","pages":"21-25"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74010525","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2014-01-01DOI: 10.24199/J.MMV.2014.71.10
P. Hernández-Alcántara, J. D. Cortés-Solano, Nadiezhda M. Medina-Cantú, A. L. Avilés-Díaz, V. Solís-Weiss
Hernandez-Alcantara, P., Cortes-Solano, J.D., Medina-Cantu, N.M., Aviles-Diaz, A.L. and Solis-Weiss, V. 2014. Polychaete diversity in the estuarine habitats of Terminos Lagoon, Southern Gulf of Mexico. Memoirs of Museum Victoria 71: 97–107. In order to establish the status of the biodiversity of the polychaete fauna inhabiting the soft bottoms in the largest lagoon-estuarine system from the southern end of the Gulf of Mexico, Terminos Lagoon, we collected and identified 3,398 specimens belonging to 119 species and 33 families of polychaetes. The soft bottom fauna was then compared with records of polychaetes collected in other habitats in the lagoon such as seagrass beds and mangroves. In all, 190 species from 34 families of polychaetes previously recorded there were taken into account. The families Nereididae (20 spp.), Spionidae (15 spp.) and Syllidae (14 spp.) were the most diverse. The soft bottom habitat has by far the largest number of species (119) followed by the seagrass beds and mangroves with 75 and 42 species respectively. Large spatial heterogeneity in polychaete composition was observed, as only 5% of the species (Melinna maculata, Capitella sp., Mediomastus californiensis, Schistomeringos rudolphii, Marphysa sanguinea, Alitta succinea, Diopatra cuprea, Scoloplos treadwelli, Prionospio heterobranchia and Scolelepis squamata) were widely distributed in the lagoon. The polychaete fauna living in the mangroves is quite similar to that from seagrasses and soft bottoms (R(ANOSIM) = 0.247 and 0.3 respectively), but the polychaetes in the seagrasses and soft bottoms are clearly different from each other (R(ANOSIM) = 0.622). The 119 polychaete species identified in this study represent a significant increase in the records of biodiversity recorded so far in Terminos Lagoon, while the total of 190 species recorded for the whole lagoon represents a larger number than any other recorded for an American tropical estuary.
{"title":"Polychaete diversity in the estuarine habitats of Términos Lagoon, southern Gulf of Mexico","authors":"P. Hernández-Alcántara, J. D. Cortés-Solano, Nadiezhda M. Medina-Cantú, A. L. Avilés-Díaz, V. Solís-Weiss","doi":"10.24199/J.MMV.2014.71.10","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24199/J.MMV.2014.71.10","url":null,"abstract":"Hernandez-Alcantara, P., Cortes-Solano, J.D., Medina-Cantu, N.M., Aviles-Diaz, A.L. and Solis-Weiss, V. 2014. Polychaete diversity in the estuarine habitats of Terminos Lagoon, Southern Gulf of Mexico. Memoirs of Museum Victoria 71: 97–107. In order to establish the status of the biodiversity of the polychaete fauna inhabiting the soft bottoms in the largest lagoon-estuarine system from the southern end of the Gulf of Mexico, Terminos Lagoon, we collected and identified 3,398 specimens belonging to 119 species and 33 families of polychaetes. The soft bottom fauna was then compared with records of polychaetes collected in other habitats in the lagoon such as seagrass beds and mangroves. In all, 190 species from 34 families of polychaetes previously recorded there were taken into account. The families Nereididae (20 spp.), Spionidae (15 spp.) and Syllidae (14 spp.) were the most diverse. The soft bottom habitat has by far the largest number of species (119) followed by the seagrass beds and mangroves with 75 and 42 species respectively. Large spatial heterogeneity in polychaete composition was observed, as only 5% of the species (Melinna maculata, Capitella sp., Mediomastus californiensis, Schistomeringos rudolphii, Marphysa sanguinea, Alitta succinea, Diopatra cuprea, Scoloplos treadwelli, Prionospio heterobranchia and Scolelepis squamata) were widely distributed in the lagoon. The polychaete fauna living in the mangroves is quite similar to that from seagrasses and soft bottoms (R(ANOSIM) = 0.247 and 0.3 respectively), but the polychaetes in the seagrasses and soft bottoms are clearly different from each other (R(ANOSIM) = 0.622). The 119 polychaete species identified in this study represent a significant increase in the records of biodiversity recorded so far in Terminos Lagoon, while the total of 190 species recorded for the whole lagoon represents a larger number than any other recorded for an American tropical estuary.","PeriodicalId":53647,"journal":{"name":"Memoirs of Museum Victoria","volume":"10 1","pages":"97-107"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84852928","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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