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Book Review: "Dirty Work. The Social Construction of Taint" by Shirley K. Drew, Melanie Mills and Bob M. Gassaway. Baylor University Press, 2007, 272 pp. 书评:雪莉·K·德鲁、梅兰妮·米尔斯和鲍勃·M·加斯韦的《肮脏的工作:肮脏的社会建构》。贝勒大学出版社,2007年,272页。
Q3 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2022-01-10 DOI: 10.18778/1733-8077.4.1.13
I. Ślęzak, Jakub Niedbalski
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引用次数: 0
The Construction of Self-Identity in the Chronically Mentally Ill: A Focus on Autobiographic Narratives of Mentally Ill Patients in South Korea 慢性精神病患者的自我认同建构——以韩国精神病患者自述为中心
Q3 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2022-01-10 DOI: 10.18778/1733-8077.4.1.08
Sang-hui Nam
A systematic policy for treatment and management of chronic psychiatric patients in South Korea was begun with the passage of the Mental Health Act in 1995. The mentally ill patients who were previously separated from the society now have opportunities to live in local communities under medication with the help of rehabilitation facilities. This study aims to understand how mentally ill patients deal with their new medical environment. An autobiographic narrative analysis is methodically applied in order to link the social and the individual levels. Autobiographic narratives of illness show how the patient’s self-identity is formed and further developed according to the chronic conditions of his illness and the continual learning from experiences. In regard to the construction of selfidentity, two aspects should be taken into consideration: First, medication is absolutely necessary before patients can leave the hospital and participate in rehabilitation programs. Secondly, social integration is usually evaluated by the return of the patient into a normal biographical stage. It turns out that medication deprives the patients of control over their emotions, their bodies. Furthermore, their social environments – including family, friends and the labor market – work against them. Under these circumstances, mentally ill patients are liable to adhere to their own interpretation of mental illness, and what they experience is far different from the expectations of experts in the field. The new mental health environment also contributes to the formation of patient communities. As a result, chronic psychiatric patients are able to build their own subculture and to see themselves through their own eyes. Further studies are needed to explore whether and to what extent the ongoing improvement of social conditions for mentally ill patients has an impact on autobiographic narratives and self-identity construction.
随着1995年《精神卫生法》的通过,韩国开始了一项治疗和管理慢性精神病患者的系统政策。以前与社会隔离的精神病患者现在有机会在康复机构的帮助下接受药物治疗,在当地社区生活。本研究旨在了解精神病患者如何应对新的医疗环境。为了将社会和个人层面联系起来,作者有条不紊地运用了自传体叙事分析。疾病的自传式叙述显示了病人的自我认同是如何形成的,并根据他的疾病的慢性条件和不断的学习经验进一步发展。关于自我认同的构建,应该考虑两个方面:第一,在患者离开医院并参与康复计划之前,药物是绝对必要的。其次,社会融合通常是通过病人回归到正常的生活阶段来评估的。事实证明,药物剥夺了病人对自己情绪和身体的控制。此外,他们的社会环境——包括家庭、朋友和劳动力市场——对他们不利。在这种情况下,精神病患者容易坚持自己对精神病的解释,他们所经历的与该领域专家的期望相差甚远。新的精神卫生环境也有助于病人社区的形成。因此,慢性精神病患者能够建立自己的亚文化,并通过自己的眼睛看待自己。社会条件的持续改善是否以及在多大程度上影响精神病患者的自传体叙事和自我同一性建构,还有待进一步研究。
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引用次数: 1
A Dyadic View on the Post-separation Network of Single Mothers 单亲母亲分居后网络的二元视角
Q3 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2021-12-27 DOI: 10.18778/1733-8077.7.3.04
D. Mortelmans, W. Verheyen
Many empirical studies have focused on the quantitative changes in the social networks of divorced and separated people. In this qualitative study, we use interviews with dyads to construct a two-sided view of the support network after separation. The aim of the study is to gain insight into the needs for support after a relational breakup. Including a network member in the analysis enables a more detailed view on the interaction at hand in the bond between these women and their supportive network members. The results show that personal coping resources are left untouched. Giving advice on ones daily activities is counter-productive. This is better understood by non family members compared to the women’s parents (especially the mother). With respect to the reciprocity in these relationships, network members do not expect a return in the period after the separation.
许多实证研究都集中在离婚和分居人群的社会网络数量变化上。在本质性研究中,我们使用对二人的访谈来构建分离后支持网络的双面视图。这项研究的目的是深入了解关系破裂后对支持的需求。将网络成员纳入分析,可以更详细地了解这些女性与支持她们的网络成员之间的互动。结果表明,个人应对资源未受影响。对自己的日常活动提出建议只会适得其反。与女性的父母(尤其是母亲)相比,非家庭成员更能理解这一点。就这些关系中的互惠而言,网络成员并不期望在分离后的一段时间内得到回报。
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引用次数: 4
Qualitative Research and Aging in Context: Implications to Social Study in China 质性研究与老龄化:对中国社会研究的启示
Q3 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2021-12-27 DOI: 10.18778/1733-8077.6.1.04
Sheying Chen
This article begins with a review of methods that gerontologists use in social and behavioral research. The value and focus of qualitative research are highlighted with their epistemological roots. Qualitative approaches and their uses are summarized in terms of “interpretive” and “critical” social sciences that draw the insights of sociological paradigms. With a further review of qualitative research on aging and gerontological studies in China, the article focuses on an integrated micro-macro model by illuminating the ideas of clinical sociology and the general public policy framework of an “economic state in transition.” Implications to social policy study (particularly on aging in China) are discussed.
本文首先回顾了老年学家在社会和行为研究中使用的方法。定性研究的价值和重点突出了其认识论根源。定性的方法和它们的用途在“解释”和“批判”社会科学方面进行了总结,这些社会科学借鉴了社会学范式的见解。本文在进一步回顾中国老龄化和老年学研究定性研究的基础上,通过阐明临床社会学的思想和“经济转型国家”的一般公共政策框架,重点关注一个综合的微观宏观模型。讨论了对社会政策研究(特别是中国老龄化问题)的启示。
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引用次数: 1
CONSTRUCTING GLOBAL ‘WARS WITHOUT END’: Vocabularies of Motive and the Structure of Permanent War 构建全球“没有尽头的战争”:动机词汇与永久战争结构
Q3 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2021-12-27 DOI: 10.18778/1733-8077.7.3.03
M. Asadi
My purpose in this paper is to link the larger social context that structurally necessitates „wars without end” perpetrated by the U.S. elite with the rhetoric that legitimizes them so as to sociologically situate the rhetoric, the vocabularies of motive within a historically formed war-centric social structure that reveals an easily discernible pattern in the use of language. I consider Franklin D. Roosevelt’s speech of December 8, 1941 announcing U.S. entry into World War II to be the rhetorical “Master Frame”, the blueprint in this regard that was subsequently incorporated by later presidents to justify all wars without end. I compared dissected components of this rhetorical Master Frame to war speeches made by different U.S. presidents in the pre- and post-World War II era to reveal the qualitative difference between war rhetoric of a peace-time social structure where war is an aberration and the permanent war based social structure of the post-World War II U.S., when war became the taken for granted norm.
我在本文中的目的是将更大的社会背景联系起来,这种社会背景在结构上需要美国精英所犯下的“无休止的战争”,并将其与使其合法化的修辞联系起来,以便从社会学角度将修辞,动机词汇置于历史上形成的以战争为中心的社会结构中,该结构揭示了一种易于识别的语言使用模式。我认为富兰克林·d·罗斯福1941年12月8日宣布美国加入第二次世界大战的演讲是修辞上的“总框架”,这方面的蓝图随后被后来的总统纳入其中,为所有无休止的战争辩护。我将这一修辞主框架的详细组成部分与二战前后不同美国总统的战争演讲进行了比较,以揭示战争修辞在和平时期的社会结构中的质的差异,战争是一种失常,而二战后美国以战争为基础的永久社会结构,战争成为理所当然的常态。
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引用次数: 0
Book Review: "Yoga Body. The Origins Of Modern Posture Practice" by Marc Singleton. Oxford University Press, 2010 书评:“瑜伽身体。《现代姿势练习的起源》作者马克·辛格尔顿。牛津大学出版社,2010
Q3 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2021-12-27 DOI: 10.18778/1733-8077.7.3.05
Krzysztof T. Konecki
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引用次数: 0
Book Review: "Why Don’t They Hate Us More? Book Review: Beyond Dutch Borders. Transnational Politics among Colonial Migrants, Guest Workers and the Second Generation" by Liza Mügge 书评:《为什么他们不更恨我们?》书评:超越荷兰边界。《殖民地移民、客工与第二代的跨国政治》,作者:Liza m<e:1> gge
Q3 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2021-12-27 DOI: 10.18778/1733-8077.7.3.07
S. Magala
The book in question has been published within the series edited by the IMISCOE program (International Migration, Integration and Social Cohesion in Europe), which had been established in 2004 as a Network of Excellence and became “an independent, self-funding endeavour open to qualified researchers and research institutes worldwide” in 2009. Liza Mügge is a political scientist from Amsterdam and she has focused on three groups of migrants in the contemporary Netherlands: the Surinamese, Turkish and Kurdish ones. Her research questions are concerned with the emergence of transnational migrant politics, the evolution of political participation of migrants over time (especially the “coming of age” of a second generation, which grew up entirely or almost entirely in the country of settlement and, well, the third question is unintelligible because of poor English and minimalist editing effort (see p. 22) third bulleted point, but we may guess that she is interested in cross-influences between the social response to migrants‟ political activism and their willingness to continue transnational politics. The author mentions all relevant literature, including Kearney, Vertovec, Granovetter and an Erasmus University colleague, Engbersen, or a Surinamese colleague of mine from Tilburg University, Gowricharn, but her strength is in empirical studies of three selected minorities in the contemporary Kingdom of the Netherlands. The topic is not entirely of a theoretical and methodological interest to me. I share some of the dilemmas with the subjects of her study. As a Polish migrant to the Netherlands, I participate in both Dutch and Polish national politics, by voting in respective national elections, though I have to choose between the two on those days when elections to the European Parliament are held (I usually vote for the Polish representatives with my wife and my children vote for the Dutch ones). What did the author find out? First, that there were significant differences between the three groups of migrants. The Surinamese went mostly for the homeland-directed activities (they were the only group of migrants, who came from the former Dutch colony, with a painful record of corrupt deals between the postcolonial Surinamese and Dutch political elites). The Turks and the Kurds shared their focus on transplanted homeland politics (revived in a foreign setting), but they differed in that the Turks
这本书是在欧洲国际移民、融合和社会凝聚力方案(IMISCOE)编辑的丛书中出版的,该方案于2004年成立,是一个卓越网络,并于2009年成为“向全世界合格的研究人员和研究机构开放的独立、自筹资金的努力”。Liza m gge是来自阿姆斯特丹的政治学家,她关注当代荷兰的三个移民群体:苏里南人、土耳其人和库尔德人。她的研究问题涉及跨国移民政治的出现,随着时间的推移,移民政治参与的演变(特别是第二代的“成年”,他们完全或几乎完全在定居的国家长大,好吧,第三个问题是难以理解的,因为糟糕的英语和极简的编辑努力(见第22页)第三点,但我们可以猜测,她感兴趣的是社会对移民政治激进主义的反应与他们继续跨国政治的意愿之间的交叉影响。作者提到了所有相关文献,包括Kearney, Vertovec, Granovetter和Erasmus大学的同事Engbersen,或我在Tilburg大学的苏里南同事Gowricharn,但她的优势在于对当代荷兰王国三个选定的少数民族的实证研究。这个话题对我来说不完全是理论和方法论上的兴趣。我和她的研究对象有一些共同的困境。作为一名移民到荷兰的波兰人,我通过在各自的国家选举中投票来参与荷兰和波兰的国家政治,尽管在欧洲议会选举的日子里,我必须在两者之间做出选择(我通常投票给波兰代表,而我的妻子和孩子投票给荷兰代表)。作者发现了什么?首先,三组移民之间存在显著差异。苏里南人大多参加了本国的活动(他们是唯一的移民群体,他们来自前荷兰殖民地,有着后殖民时期苏里南人和荷兰政治精英之间腐败交易的痛苦记录)。土耳其人和库尔德人都专注于移植的本土政治(在外国环境中复活),但他们的不同之处在于土耳其人
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引用次数: 0
Book Review: "American Multiculturalism after 9/11: Transatlantic Perspectives" by Derek Rubin and Jaap Verheul. 书评:《9/11后的美国多元文化:跨大西洋视角》,作者:德里克·鲁宾和雅普·维赫尔。
Q3 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2021-12-27 DOI: 10.18778/1733-8077.7.3.06
John N. Robinson III
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引用次数: 0
Narrating Memory: Weighing up the Testimony 叙述记忆:权衡证词
Q3 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2021-12-27 DOI: 10.18778/1733-8077.7.3.02
J. Coetzee
Memory is the ability to store, maintain and recall information and experiences. Although predominantly an individual attribute, memory coincides with the life-world, with consciousness and with the ability to define reality – all of which are shared with others. When analysing narratives the sociologist needs to situate individual memory within its broader context. The article follows the argument that individuals acquire their memories within a broader social context. They also recall and localise their memories within a broader social context. This article interprets a remarkable testimony: the story of a former political prisoner who circumcised a large number of young fellow inmates in the notorious prison on Robben Island, South Africa, during the period of Nelson Mandela‟s incarceration. The article relates the narrative in question to the life-world of the narrator and to his experiences whilst serving his 18-year prison sentence. It reflects on the epistemological questions regarding memories. Memory as recollection, as reconstruction of events and information, and as process of re-membering come under the spotlight. Narratives that are often repeated start taking on a life of their own – particularly in the case of trauma memories. When analysing these narratives, the sociologist needs to distinguish between objective markers and subjective interpretation. Memory does not constitute pure recall by the individual. The article illustrates the effect of intersubjective and collective factors on the process of remembering. It calls for a reflexive process to identify, re-interpret and unpack the process of remembering.
记忆是存储、维护和回忆信息和经历的能力。尽管记忆主要是一种个人属性,但它与生活世界、意识和定义现实的能力不谋而合——所有这些都与他人共享。在分析叙事时,社会学家需要将个人记忆置于更广阔的背景中。这篇文章的论点是,个人在更广泛的社会背景下获得记忆。他们也会在更广泛的社会背景下回忆和定位自己的记忆。这篇文章解释了一个引人注目的证词:纳尔逊·曼德拉被监禁期间,一名前政治犯在南非罗本岛臭名昭著的监狱里为大量年轻的狱友做了割礼。这篇文章将有问题的叙述与叙述者的生活世界以及他在服刑18年期间的经历联系起来。它反映了关于记忆的认识论问题。记忆作为回忆,作为事件和信息的重建,作为重新记忆的过程,都受到关注。经常重复的叙述开始有了自己的生活——尤其是在创伤记忆的情况下。在分析这些叙述时,社会学家需要区分客观标记和主观解释。记忆并不构成个人的纯粹回忆。本文阐述了主体间因素和集体因素对记忆过程的影响。它需要一个反射性的过程来识别、重新解释和解开记忆的过程。
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引用次数: 0
A New Paradigm for Qualitative Research in the United States: The Era of the Third Age 美国定性研究的新范式:第三时代的时代
Q3 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2021-12-27 DOI: 10.18778/1733-8077.6.1.03
D. Carr, Lydia K Manning
This paper reviews qualitative research in the United States, highlighting the ways research has changed in the era of the third age. With growing attention to positive and uplifting aspects of aging, qualitative research has played a critical role in the exploration of the ways in which older adults are engaging in meaningful ways with others. We describe two key methodological approaches that have been important to examining positive aspects of aging and exploring the extent to which a growing number of years of healthy retirement are redefining the aging experience: ethnographic research and grounded theory research. We also review key topics associated with qualitative research in the era of the third age. These topics fit within two dominant frameworks – research exploring meaningmaking in later life and research exploring meaningful engagement in later life. These frameworks were critically important to raising attention to meaningful experiences and interactions with others, and we propose that the agenda for future qualitative research in the United States should continue contributing to these frameworks. However, we note that a third framework should also be developed which examines what it means to be a third ager through use of a phenomenological approach, which will assist in the important task of theory building about the third age.
本文回顾了美国的定性研究,强调了第三时代研究的变化方式。随着人们越来越关注老龄化的积极和令人振奋的方面,定性研究在探索老年人与他人以有意义的方式交往的方式方面发挥了关键作用。我们描述了两种关键的方法论方法,这两种方法论方法对于研究老龄化的积极方面和探索越来越多的健康退休在多大程度上重新定义老龄化体验非常重要:人种学研究和扎根理论研究。我们还回顾了第三时代与定性研究相关的关键主题。这些主题符合两个主要框架——探索晚年意义创造的研究和探索晚年有意义参与的研究。这些框架对于提高人们对有意义的经验和与他人互动的关注至关重要,我们建议美国未来定性研究的议程应继续为这些框架做出贡献。然而,我们注意到,还应该制定第三个框架,通过使用现象学方法来考察作为第三年龄段的人意味着什么,这将有助于完成关于第三年龄的理论建设的重要任务。
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引用次数: 4
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Qualitative Sociology Review
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