Pub Date : 2021-12-10DOI: 10.58397/ashkmdc.v26i3.512
Dua Fasihi
The struggle against COVID-19 continues, but many long-term effects of COVID-19 are still under research. SARS-CoV-2 replicates in the heart and involves the protein angiotensin-converting enzyme. It silently causes myocardial inflammation and an increase in troponin concentration without any clinical signs nor symptoms of myocardial dysfunction. Asymptomatic patients or health care workers (HCWs) may also suffer from cardiovascular complications in the long term.
{"title":"A New Dynamic for Post-COVID-19 Heart Syndrome and Home-based Cardiac Rehabilitation","authors":"Dua Fasihi","doi":"10.58397/ashkmdc.v26i3.512","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.58397/ashkmdc.v26i3.512","url":null,"abstract":"The struggle against COVID-19 continues, but many long-term effects of COVID-19 are still under research. SARS-CoV-2 replicates in the heart and involves the protein angiotensin-converting enzyme. It silently causes myocardial inflammation and an increase in troponin concentration without any clinical signs nor symptoms of myocardial dysfunction. Asymptomatic patients or health care workers (HCWs) may also suffer from cardiovascular complications in the long term.","PeriodicalId":53838,"journal":{"name":"Annals Abbasi Shaheed Hospital & Karachi Medical & Dental College","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73869269","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-12-09DOI: 10.58397/ashkmdc.v26i3.484
Muhammad Irfan, Shabir Ahmed, Adil Ramzan, Nosheen Wasee, Nuvair Zia, Nargis Anjum
Objective: The current study objective is to find out the levels of heat shock protein-27 in diabetes patients with and without diabetic nephropathy, and to appraise the functional role of HSP-27 as an early diagnostic biomarker in progressive diabetic nephropathy. Study Design: Case control study. Place and Duration of Study: The current study was conducted in physiology department, Basic Medical Science Institute (BMSI), Jinnah Post-Graduate Medical Center (JPMC), Karachi from March 2019 to September 2020. Methodology: A total 105 participants between 30-50 years of age were separated into three groups: Group A (n=35) diabetic-patients with history of diabetes < 5 years without any sign of DN; Group B (n=35) diabetic patients with history of diabetes >5 years duration of diabetes and microalbumin levels < 30 mg/dl in urine and Group C (n=35) healthy individuals. All this study participants were gone through detailed history, anthropometric measurement, BMI, serum blood sugar, serum urea, serum creatinine, BUN, urinary albumin, and serum HSP-27 were estimated. Results: Elevated levels of HSP-27 were seen in group-A patients as compared to group-C (p<0.001). Elevated levels of HSP-27 were presented in group-B as compared with group-C (p<0.001) which signify early renal parenchyma injury. Strong association had been seen for HSP-27 with creatinine (r=0.69; p < 0.001), and HbA1c (r =0.72; p <0.001) and urea (r = 0.72; p <0.001) in all these participants. While statistical highly significant and strong positive association were reported for HSP-27 with microalbumin (r = 0.86; p< 0.001) in all participants. Conclusion: Elevated levels of HSP-27 with progression of renal injury with or without declining of renal function is seen in current study. These findings perhaps suggest and recognizing HSP-27 as key diagnostic marker for diabetic nephropathy in early diabetics. KEYWORDS: Diabetes Mellitus, Diabetic Nephropathy, HSP-27.
{"title":"Evaluation Of Heat Shock Protein-27 Levels as A Predictor of Diabetic Nephropathy in Early Diabetics","authors":"Muhammad Irfan, Shabir Ahmed, Adil Ramzan, Nosheen Wasee, Nuvair Zia, Nargis Anjum","doi":"10.58397/ashkmdc.v26i3.484","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.58397/ashkmdc.v26i3.484","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: The current study objective is to find out the levels of heat shock protein-27 in diabetes patients with and without diabetic nephropathy, and to appraise the functional role of HSP-27 as an early diagnostic biomarker in progressive diabetic nephropathy. \u0000Study Design: Case control study. \u0000Place and Duration of Study: The current study was conducted in physiology department, Basic Medical Science Institute (BMSI), Jinnah Post-Graduate Medical Center (JPMC), Karachi from March 2019 to September 2020. \u0000Methodology: A total 105 participants between 30-50 years of age were separated into three groups: Group A (n=35) diabetic-patients with history of diabetes < 5 years without any sign of DN; Group B (n=35) diabetic patients with history of diabetes >5 years duration of diabetes and microalbumin levels < 30 mg/dl in urine and Group C (n=35) healthy individuals. All this study participants were gone through detailed history, anthropometric measurement, BMI, serum blood sugar, serum urea, serum creatinine, BUN, urinary albumin, and serum HSP-27 were estimated. \u0000Results: Elevated levels of HSP-27 were seen in group-A patients as compared to group-C (p<0.001). Elevated levels of HSP-27 were presented in group-B as compared with group-C (p<0.001) which signify early renal parenchyma injury. Strong association had been seen for HSP-27 with creatinine (r=0.69; p < 0.001), and HbA1c (r =0.72; p <0.001) and urea (r = 0.72; p <0.001) in all these participants. While statistical highly significant and strong positive association were reported for HSP-27 with microalbumin (r = 0.86; p< 0.001) in all participants. \u0000Conclusion: Elevated levels of HSP-27 with progression of renal injury with or without declining of renal function is seen in current study. These findings perhaps suggest and recognizing HSP-27 as key diagnostic marker for diabetic nephropathy in early diabetics. \u0000KEYWORDS: Diabetes Mellitus, Diabetic Nephropathy, HSP-27.","PeriodicalId":53838,"journal":{"name":"Annals Abbasi Shaheed Hospital & Karachi Medical & Dental College","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80276152","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-12-09DOI: 10.58397/ashkmdc.v26i3.272
Aisha Wali Wali, K. Ikram, T. Siddiqui, Rubab Jawed, Khaliq Dad Muhammadi, Mazid Ahmed, Abdul Qudos
Objective: The aim of the study was to assess perceived causes and levels of stress amongst clinical dental students and house surgeons of Baqai Dental College. Methods: A cross sectional study was conducted from October 2018 – December 2018 after getting ethical approval from ethical committee, Baqai Medical University and permission for data collection was approved from R&D department, Baqai Dental College. (BDC/ERB/2018/011) Dental students from third year, final year and house surgeons were included in the study (n= 250). A structured pre validated questionnaire DES questionnaire 21 consisted of 23 closed ended questions with three responses of categories that are 1) No stress, 2) Mild- moderate and 3) severe stress was used. Data was analysed for frequency and percentages and chi –square test was done to assess the association between academic qualifications with other variables. Results: The response rate was 59.2%. Majority of them were females 56.8% and 43.2% were male participants. Forty three (28.9%) of the participants reported severe stress regarding fear of getting infectious disease from patients. Thirteen (35.1%) of 3rd year BDS students reported stress regarding examination and grading of patient when compared to 4th year BDS students and house surgeons with a significant relationship. Seventeen (22.7%) of 4th year BDS students reported severe stress due to fear of failure in examination when compared to 3rd year BDS students and house surgeons. Thirteen (35.1%) of the 3rd year BDS students reported stress regarding difficulty with class work Conclusion: The outcomes of the concluded study are: Maximum stress level was reported due to fear of getting infectious diseases from patients and fear of failure in examination. Women reported maximum stress levels than men. 3rd year BDS students reported severe stress than 4th year BDS students.
{"title":"Assessment Of Perceived Causes and Levels of Stress Amongst Clinical Dental Students and House Surgeons. A Cross-Sectional Study","authors":"Aisha Wali Wali, K. Ikram, T. Siddiqui, Rubab Jawed, Khaliq Dad Muhammadi, Mazid Ahmed, Abdul Qudos","doi":"10.58397/ashkmdc.v26i3.272","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.58397/ashkmdc.v26i3.272","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: The aim of the study was to assess perceived causes and levels of stress amongst clinical dental students and house surgeons of Baqai Dental College. \u0000Methods: A cross sectional study was conducted from October 2018 – December 2018 after getting ethical approval from ethical committee, Baqai Medical University and permission for data collection was approved from R&D department, Baqai Dental College. (BDC/ERB/2018/011) Dental students from third year, final year and house surgeons were included in the study (n= 250). A structured pre validated questionnaire DES questionnaire 21 consisted of 23 closed ended questions with three responses of categories that are 1) No stress, 2) Mild- moderate and 3) severe stress was used. Data was analysed for frequency and percentages and chi –square test was done to assess the association between academic qualifications with other variables. \u0000Results: The response rate was 59.2%. Majority of them were females 56.8% and 43.2% were male participants. Forty three (28.9%) of the participants reported severe stress regarding fear of getting infectious disease from patients. Thirteen (35.1%) of 3rd year BDS students reported stress regarding examination and grading of patient when compared to 4th year BDS students and house surgeons with a significant relationship. Seventeen (22.7%) of 4th year BDS students reported severe stress due to fear of failure in examination when compared to 3rd year BDS students and house surgeons. Thirteen (35.1%) of the 3rd year BDS students reported stress regarding difficulty with class work \u0000Conclusion: The outcomes of the concluded study are: \u0000 \u0000Maximum stress level was reported due to fear of getting infectious diseases from patients and fear of failure in examination. \u0000Women reported maximum stress levels than men. \u00003rd year BDS students reported severe stress than 4th year BDS students. \u0000","PeriodicalId":53838,"journal":{"name":"Annals Abbasi Shaheed Hospital & Karachi Medical & Dental College","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85799066","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-12-09DOI: 10.58397/ashkmdc.v26i3.488
G. Mustafa, Muhammad Irfan, Nosheen Wasee, Nuvair Zia, Adli Ramzan, N. Anjum
Objective: The present study is to compare the pre and post serum BDNF levels in healthy and hyperlipidemic population at baseline and post 12 weeks of exercise and to correlate the pre and post serum BDNF levels in healthy and hyperlipidemic population at baseline and post 12 weeks of exercise. Study Design: Two arm follow up non-blinded randomized controlled trial (RCT). Place and Duration of Study: Physiology department, Basic Medical Science Institute (BMSI), Jinnah Post-Graduate Medical Center (JPMC), Karachi Methodology: A total 258 participants of any age were divided into two groups: 129 participants in one of the two groups, Group-1 adult hyperlipidemic group and Group-2 healthy adults group. Both groups were additional divided into 3 subgroups with different exercise intensity i.e. light, moderate and high intensity exercise. To evaluate the health status of participants, graded exercise test by using Bruce protocol and the HRmax was performed and given a specific exercise program for 12 weeks. The test was a conducted as per Bruce protocol (Smith 2013), using a treadmill with heart rate monitoring and ECG monitor. Blood sample had been taken for the analysis of total cholesterol and serum levels of BDNF. Results: Mean levels of brain derived neurotropic factor (BDNF) of healthy and hyperlipidemic participants in all three different intensity exercise group (A, B, and C) at baseline and three follow-ups shown no statistically significant difference between LIEG on BDNF level from baseline (day zero) till three consecutive follow ups (p>0.05). While, in moderate (p<0.05) and high intensity participants (p<0.01) demonstrated an increase in BDNF levels at 90th day when compared from baseline i.e. day zero. Prominently, no significant difference observed at baseline (p>0.05), however a significant difference was found at day 30, 60 and 90 (p <0.05, 20.01, <0.001) respectively. Conclusion: In light of our findings we conclude that 12 weeks of moderate to high intensity exercise progress cognitive function, serum BDNF levels, and improved lipid profile parameters, while low intensity exercise showed no significant mean difference for healthy participants.
{"title":"Effects of Different Intensity Aerobic Exercise on Circulating Levels of Neurotrophic Factor in Healthy and Hyperlipidemic Adults in A Local Population","authors":"G. Mustafa, Muhammad Irfan, Nosheen Wasee, Nuvair Zia, Adli Ramzan, N. Anjum","doi":"10.58397/ashkmdc.v26i3.488","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.58397/ashkmdc.v26i3.488","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: The present study is to compare the pre and post serum BDNF levels in healthy and hyperlipidemic population at baseline and post 12 weeks of exercise and to correlate the pre and post serum BDNF levels in healthy and hyperlipidemic population at baseline and post 12 weeks of exercise. \u0000Study Design: Two arm follow up non-blinded randomized controlled trial (RCT). \u0000Place and Duration of Study: Physiology department, Basic Medical Science Institute (BMSI), Jinnah Post-Graduate Medical Center (JPMC), Karachi \u0000Methodology: A total 258 participants of any age were divided into two groups: 129 participants in one of the two groups, Group-1 adult hyperlipidemic group and Group-2 healthy adults group. Both groups were additional divided into 3 subgroups with different exercise intensity i.e. light, moderate and high intensity exercise. To evaluate the health status of participants, graded exercise test by using Bruce protocol and the HRmax was performed and given a specific exercise program for 12 weeks. The test was a conducted as per Bruce protocol (Smith 2013), using a treadmill with heart rate monitoring and ECG monitor. Blood sample had been taken for the analysis of total cholesterol and serum levels of BDNF. \u0000Results: Mean levels of brain derived neurotropic factor (BDNF) of healthy and hyperlipidemic participants in all three different intensity exercise group (A, B, and C) at baseline and three follow-ups shown no statistically significant difference between LIEG on BDNF level from baseline (day zero) till three consecutive follow ups (p>0.05). While, in moderate (p<0.05) and high intensity participants (p<0.01) demonstrated an increase in BDNF levels at 90th day when compared from baseline i.e. day zero. Prominently, no significant difference observed at baseline (p>0.05), however a significant difference was found at day 30, 60 and 90 (p <0.05, 20.01, <0.001) respectively. \u0000Conclusion: In light of our findings we conclude that 12 weeks of moderate to high intensity exercise progress cognitive function, serum BDNF levels, and improved lipid profile parameters, while low intensity exercise showed no significant mean difference for healthy participants.","PeriodicalId":53838,"journal":{"name":"Annals Abbasi Shaheed Hospital & Karachi Medical & Dental College","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83107736","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-12-09DOI: 10.58397/ashkmdc.v26i3.411
A. Razi, A. Butt, S. Qureshi, Iqra Akram, Aeman Ali, Ayesha Saghir, Nosheen Nazir
Objective: To determine the association of severity of anemia with depression among patients presenting with oral ulceration at Ziauddin University Dental OPD, Karachi, Pakistan. Materials and methods: It was an observational study conducted at the department of oral medicine and diagnosis of Ziauddin College of dentistry, Karachi, Pakistan for the duration of one year. One sixty one patients of age 20-50 years of either gender presenting with active aphthous stomatitis (burning sensation on NRS?2 and pain on NRS?3) from last 3-6 months were included in the study using non-probability consecutive sampling technique. All the patients were assessed for depression using Patient Health Questionnaire Depression Scale (PHQ-9) and anemia using CBC. PHQ-9 score?5 was deemed as depression positive and the hemoglobin (Hb) level less than 13 g/dL for men and less than 12 g/dL for women was deemed as anemia. Data regarding demographics along with characteristics of oral ulcerations were also noted on pre-designed proforma. SPSS version 23 was used to analyze data. Results: Out of 161 patients with oral ulcers, depression was prevalent in 69%. About 37% of the patients were moderately anemic, 32% were severely anemic and 31% had mild anemia. The significant association was found between depression and severity of anemia (p=0.028). The factor such as age?35 years, female sex and multiple ulcer lesions among anemic and depressed patients were found statistically significant (p<0.05). Conclusion: The study concluded that depression and anemia are significantly correlated and can increase the incidence of oral ulceration. Keywords: Oral ulcer, aphthous ulceration, recurrent aphthous stomatitis, depression, anemia, hemoglobin level
目的:了解巴基斯坦卡拉奇Ziauddin大学牙科门诊出现口腔溃疡患者贫血严重程度与抑郁的关系。材料与方法:在巴基斯坦卡拉奇Ziauddin牙科学院口腔医学与诊断系进行为期一年的观察性研究。61例年龄在20-50岁，男女不限，表现为活动性口疮性口炎(NRS?采用非概率连续抽样方法，选取最近3 ~ 6个月的2例和3例NRS疼痛。采用患者健康问卷抑郁量表(PHQ-9)对所有患者进行抑郁评估，采用CBC对所有患者进行贫血评估。phq - 9分?5为抑郁阳性，男性血红蛋白(Hb)低于13 g/dL，女性血红蛋白(Hb)低于12 g/dL为贫血。有关人口统计数据以及口腔溃疡的特征也被记录在预先设计的表格上。采用SPSS version 23进行数据分析。结果:在161例口腔溃疡患者中，抑郁发生率为69%。约37%的患者为中度贫血，32%为重度贫血，31%为轻度贫血。抑郁症与贫血严重程度之间存在显著相关性(p=0.028)。年龄之类的因素?35岁、女性、多发性溃疡病变在贫血和抑郁患者中的差异有统计学意义(p<0.05)。结论:抑郁与贫血有显著相关性，可增加口腔溃疡的发生率。关键词:口腔溃疡，口腔溃疡，复发性口腔炎，抑郁，贫血，血红蛋白水平
{"title":"Association Of Severity of Anemia and Depression Among Patients Presenting with Oral Ulceration","authors":"A. Razi, A. Butt, S. Qureshi, Iqra Akram, Aeman Ali, Ayesha Saghir, Nosheen Nazir","doi":"10.58397/ashkmdc.v26i3.411","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.58397/ashkmdc.v26i3.411","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: To determine the association of severity of anemia with depression among patients presenting with oral ulceration at Ziauddin University Dental OPD, Karachi, Pakistan. \u0000Materials and methods: It was an observational study conducted at the department of oral medicine and diagnosis of Ziauddin College of dentistry, Karachi, Pakistan for the duration of one year. One sixty one patients of age 20-50 years of either gender presenting with active aphthous stomatitis (burning sensation on NRS?2 and pain on NRS?3) from last 3-6 months were included in the study using non-probability consecutive sampling technique. All the patients were assessed for depression using Patient Health Questionnaire Depression Scale (PHQ-9) and anemia using CBC. PHQ-9 score?5 was deemed as depression positive and the hemoglobin (Hb) level less than 13 g/dL for men and less than 12 g/dL for women was deemed as anemia. Data regarding demographics along with characteristics of oral ulcerations were also noted on pre-designed proforma. SPSS version 23 was used to analyze data. \u0000Results: Out of 161 patients with oral ulcers, depression was prevalent in 69%. About 37% of the patients were moderately anemic, 32% were severely anemic and 31% had mild anemia. The significant association was found between depression and severity of anemia (p=0.028). The factor such as age?35 years, female sex and multiple ulcer lesions among anemic and depressed patients were found statistically significant (p<0.05). \u0000Conclusion: The study concluded that depression and anemia are significantly correlated and can increase the incidence of oral ulceration. \u0000Keywords: Oral ulcer, aphthous ulceration, recurrent aphthous stomatitis, depression, anemia, hemoglobin level","PeriodicalId":53838,"journal":{"name":"Annals Abbasi Shaheed Hospital & Karachi Medical & Dental College","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88240670","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-12-09DOI: 10.58397/ashkmdc.v26i3.495
Shaheen Bhatty, F. Sayeed
Correspondence: Dr. Faiza Zafar Sayeed Department of Medicine, Civil Hospital Karachi Email: faiza.sayeed@hotmail.com Date of Submission: 24 October 2021 Date of Acceptance: 9 December 2021 We are facing a pandemic. It has been almost two years since the coronavirus disease erupted in Wuhan, China and took the whole world in its grasp due to its highly transmissible nature. It is spread from human-to-human through respiratory droplets. It has varied presentation ranging from asymptomatic carriers to covid pneumonia having high morbidity and mortality. It was also seen to be asymptomatic but transmissible in some individuals. Hand washing, social distancing and disinfecting touched surfaces readily were sufficiently effective in putting a stop to the chain of transmission. Covid-19 presents with fever, body aches, cough, and extreme lethargy which may resolve within a week, but certain patients develop moderate to severe presentation of the disease. Moderate spectrum of the disease has involvement of the lower respiratory tract on imaging with clinical symptomatology and an SpO 2 94% at room air while patients with severe disease have either an SpO 2 < 94% on room air, SpO 2 /FiO 2 ratio < 300mmHg, respiratory rate >30bpm or imaging evidence of greater than 50% lung infiltrates.
{"title":"Post Covid-19 Pulmonary Fibrosis: A Future Challenge","authors":"Shaheen Bhatty, F. Sayeed","doi":"10.58397/ashkmdc.v26i3.495","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.58397/ashkmdc.v26i3.495","url":null,"abstract":"Correspondence: Dr. Faiza Zafar Sayeed Department of Medicine, Civil Hospital Karachi Email: faiza.sayeed@hotmail.com Date of Submission: 24 October 2021 Date of Acceptance: 9 December 2021 We are facing a pandemic. It has been almost two years since the coronavirus disease erupted in Wuhan, China and took the whole world in its grasp due to its highly transmissible nature. It is spread from human-to-human through respiratory droplets. It has varied presentation ranging from asymptomatic carriers to covid pneumonia having high morbidity and mortality. It was also seen to be asymptomatic but transmissible in some individuals. Hand washing, social distancing and disinfecting touched surfaces readily were sufficiently effective in putting a stop to the chain of transmission. Covid-19 presents with fever, body aches, cough, and extreme lethargy which may resolve within a week, but certain patients develop moderate to severe presentation of the disease. Moderate spectrum of the disease has involvement of the lower respiratory tract on imaging with clinical symptomatology and an SpO 2 94% at room air while patients with severe disease have either an SpO 2 < 94% on room air, SpO 2 /FiO 2 ratio < 300mmHg, respiratory rate >30bpm or imaging evidence of greater than 50% lung infiltrates.","PeriodicalId":53838,"journal":{"name":"Annals Abbasi Shaheed Hospital & Karachi Medical & Dental College","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74350912","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-12-09DOI: 10.58397/ashkmdc.v26i3.267
Feroza Perveen, Syed Baqir Shyum Naqvi, A. Khaliq
Objectives: To evaluate the zone of inhibition and sensitivity pattern of cefazolin and ceftriaxone against selected pathogenic organisms. Methodology: This was an invitro experimental study that was conducted on clinical isolates of Escherichia coli, Klebsiella spp., Proteus spp., Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Staphlococcus aureus from urine and pus samples. These samples were collected from four pathological laboratories in Karachi and tested against two commonly used cephalosporins, cefazolin and ceftriaxone from the period of 1st January –27th February 2011. The resistant pattern was determined by disc diffusion method (Kirby-Bauer test).The data was analyzed by Statistical Package for Social Sciences version 19. Mean ± SD used for continuous measurements whereas frequencies and percentages were used for categorical variables. Independent sample t-test applied to see antibiotic sensitivity pattern in urine and pus samples. Results: The result of this study reveal that Escherichia coli is the most common uropathogen that is present in more than 35% of samples. The zone of inhibition of Ceftriaxone is greater than Cefazolin for all types of clinical isolates. Moreover the sensitivity pattern of Ceftriaxone for all the clinical isolates is greater 90.25%, 85.72%,100%,75% and 85% to Escherichia coli, Klebsiella spp., Proteus spp., Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Staphlococcus aureus respectively than does Cefazolin. The pathogenic organisms present in urine are more susceptible to ceftriaxone. The p-value obtained after apply independent sample t-test for ceftriaxone was 0.012. Therefore, there is a significant difference in the sensitivity pattern of ceftriaxone for pathogens present in urine and pus samples. Conclusion: Ceftriaxone is more effective than cefazolin in most of the cases and there is clear difference in their zone of inhibition. Moreover, resistance to cefazolin develops more easily than does Ceftriaxone. Continuous surveillance, public awareness and health care education can decreases the irrational use of these antibiotics. Keywords: Pathogenic organisms, Resistance, Sensitivity, Zone of Inhibition, Cefazolin, Ceftriaxone, efficacy.
{"title":"Evaluating Sensitivity and Resistance Pattern of Cefazolin and Ceftriaxone Against Different Pathogenic Organisms- A Comparative In-Vitro Analysis.","authors":"Feroza Perveen, Syed Baqir Shyum Naqvi, A. Khaliq","doi":"10.58397/ashkmdc.v26i3.267","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.58397/ashkmdc.v26i3.267","url":null,"abstract":"Objectives: To evaluate the zone of inhibition and sensitivity pattern of cefazolin and ceftriaxone against selected pathogenic organisms. \u0000Methodology: This was an invitro experimental study that was conducted on clinical isolates of Escherichia coli, Klebsiella spp., Proteus spp., Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Staphlococcus aureus from urine and pus samples. These samples were collected from four pathological laboratories in Karachi and tested against two commonly used cephalosporins, cefazolin and ceftriaxone from the period of 1st January –27th February 2011. The resistant pattern was determined by disc diffusion method (Kirby-Bauer test).The data was analyzed by Statistical Package for Social Sciences version 19. Mean ± SD used for continuous measurements whereas frequencies and percentages were used for categorical variables. Independent sample t-test applied to see antibiotic sensitivity pattern in urine and pus samples. \u0000Results: The result of this study reveal that Escherichia coli is the most common uropathogen that is present in more than 35% of samples. The zone of inhibition of Ceftriaxone is greater than Cefazolin for all types of clinical isolates. Moreover the sensitivity pattern of Ceftriaxone for all the clinical isolates is greater 90.25%, 85.72%,100%,75% and 85% to Escherichia coli, Klebsiella spp., Proteus spp., Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Staphlococcus aureus respectively than does Cefazolin. The pathogenic organisms present in urine are more susceptible to ceftriaxone. The p-value obtained after apply independent sample t-test for ceftriaxone was 0.012. Therefore, there is a significant difference in the sensitivity pattern of ceftriaxone for pathogens present in urine and pus samples. \u0000Conclusion: Ceftriaxone is more effective than cefazolin in most of the cases and there is clear difference in their zone of inhibition. Moreover, resistance to cefazolin develops more easily than does Ceftriaxone. Continuous surveillance, public awareness and health care education can decreases the irrational use of these antibiotics. \u0000Keywords: Pathogenic organisms, Resistance, Sensitivity, Zone of Inhibition, Cefazolin, Ceftriaxone, efficacy.","PeriodicalId":53838,"journal":{"name":"Annals Abbasi Shaheed Hospital & Karachi Medical & Dental College","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83460033","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-12-09DOI: 10.58397/ashkmdc.v26i3.386
Shabnam Naveed, Shobha Luxmi, S. Ahmad, Z. Ali, Syed Adnan Ali
Background: The Healthcare workers (HCWs) are at the forefront of care-giving and hence understanding of the knowledge, attitudes and practices among HCWs is necessary to identify potential risk factors of COVID-19 dissemination. Objective: The objective of the study was to investigate the knowledge, attitude and practice (KAP) regarding novel coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) among healthcare workers in Karachi Pakistan. Material and Methods: This was a cross-sectional study using a self-reported questionnaire which enrolled all the HCWs (doctors, nurses, pharmacists and technicians) in hospitals of Karachi from March to May 2020.Binary logistic regression analysis was performed to estimate the odds ratio with 95% confidence interval for KAP of HCWs regarding COVID-19. P-values less than 0.05 were considered statistically significant. Results: The total of 547 participants included in study. HCWs gross category and clinical setting were found to be statistically associated with overall KAP (P<0.001 and P=0.048, respectively). Upon logistic regression analysis, KAP scores statistically differed across genders (? coefficient=2.115, SE =0.179 and P<0.001), age groups (? coefficient=2.098, SE =0.138 and P<0.001) and HCWs gross category (? coefficient=2.053, SE =0.135 and P<0.001). The nurses and technicians were found less likely for good KAP with reference to COVID-19 as compared to doctors and pharmacists. These results were found to be statistically significant with P-value less than 0.05; the odds for nurses and technicians were 0.35 and 0.10, respectively. Conclusion: The study demonstrated that HCWs had good knowledge, optimistic attitude and decent practice towards recent COVID-19 pandemic. However, their source of information regarding COVID-19 is not reliable and can adversely influence the KAP. Keywords: KAP; COVID-19; Outbreak; Pandemic; Healthcare Workers
{"title":"Emergence of COVID-19 Infection and Healthcare Workers in Karachi, Pakistan","authors":"Shabnam Naveed, Shobha Luxmi, S. Ahmad, Z. Ali, Syed Adnan Ali","doi":"10.58397/ashkmdc.v26i3.386","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.58397/ashkmdc.v26i3.386","url":null,"abstract":"Background: The Healthcare workers (HCWs) are at the forefront of care-giving and hence understanding of the knowledge, attitudes and practices among HCWs is necessary to identify potential risk factors of COVID-19 dissemination. Objective: The objective of the study was to investigate the knowledge, attitude and practice (KAP) regarding novel coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) among healthcare workers in Karachi Pakistan. Material and Methods: This was a cross-sectional study using a self-reported questionnaire which enrolled all the HCWs (doctors, nurses, pharmacists and technicians) in hospitals of Karachi from March to May 2020.Binary logistic regression analysis was performed to estimate the odds ratio with 95% confidence interval for KAP of HCWs regarding COVID-19. P-values less than 0.05 were considered statistically significant. Results: The total of 547 participants included in study. HCWs gross category and clinical setting were found to be statistically associated with overall KAP (P<0.001 and P=0.048, respectively). Upon logistic regression analysis, KAP scores statistically differed across genders (? coefficient=2.115, SE =0.179 and P<0.001), age groups (? coefficient=2.098, SE =0.138 and P<0.001) and HCWs gross category (? coefficient=2.053, SE =0.135 and P<0.001). The nurses and technicians were found less likely for good KAP with reference to COVID-19 as compared to doctors and pharmacists. These results were found to be statistically significant with P-value less than 0.05; the odds for nurses and technicians were 0.35 and 0.10, respectively. Conclusion: The study demonstrated that HCWs had good knowledge, optimistic attitude and decent practice towards recent COVID-19 pandemic. However, their source of information regarding COVID-19 is not reliable and can adversely influence the KAP. \u0000Keywords: KAP; COVID-19; Outbreak; Pandemic; Healthcare Workers \u0000 \u0000 ","PeriodicalId":53838,"journal":{"name":"Annals Abbasi Shaheed Hospital & Karachi Medical & Dental College","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74720488","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-12-09DOI: 10.58397/ashkmdc.v26i3.209
Nazia Hassan, Rabia Jamil, Fiza Ali khan, L. Ali
It is a cross sectional study conducted in department of obs and gynae civil hospital karachi from 1 january 2016 to 30 june 2016 . There were 96 women were selected in this study . Results The average age of the women was 27.44+_3.69 years . frequency of endometriosis in subfertile women undergoing laparoscopy was found in 32(33.33%) women.
{"title":"To Determine the Frequency of Endometriosis in Sub-Fertile Women Undergoing Laparoscopy","authors":"Nazia Hassan, Rabia Jamil, Fiza Ali khan, L. Ali","doi":"10.58397/ashkmdc.v26i3.209","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.58397/ashkmdc.v26i3.209","url":null,"abstract":"It is a cross sectional study conducted in department of obs and gynae civil hospital karachi from 1 january 2016 to 30 june 2016 . There were 96 women were selected in this study . Results The average age of the women was 27.44+_3.69 years . frequency of endometriosis in subfertile women undergoing laparoscopy was found in 32(33.33%) women.","PeriodicalId":53838,"journal":{"name":"Annals Abbasi Shaheed Hospital & Karachi Medical & Dental College","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79996724","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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