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Türkiye Ekonomisinin Kalkınma Patikasının Tarihsel Değişim Çizgisine Eleştirel Bir Bakış: Devletçi Kalkınmadan Devlet Kapitalizmci Kalkınmaya 土耳其经济增长耐心变化线的历史观:没有国家发展的国家资本主义增长
Betül SARI AKSAKAL
In the study, the transformation elements are disputed that emerged in the context of the development of ideology and politics from the period of the establishment of the Republic of Turkey to the present. It is aimed to present some theoretical devices on which development discourses and policies in Turkey came into view as a result of the original historical-social-economic-political-cultural-institutional-ideological features. The different periods of Turkey's development story, the development discourses they built, and the portraits of their dynamics contributed to grasping the subject matter. In all these contexts, it is thought that the transformation in the Turkish economy's development policies has followed since its foundation divulges a condition that has evolved from statist development to state capitalist development.
在研究中,对从土耳其共和国建立时期到现在的意识形态和政治发展的背景下出现的转型要素存在争议。它的目的是提出一些理论手段,在这些理论手段上,土耳其的发展话语和政策由于其原始的历史-社会-经济-政治-文化-制度-意识形态特征而进入人们的视野。土耳其发展故事的不同时期,他们建立的发展话语,以及他们动态的肖像有助于把握主题。在所有这些背景下,笔者认为土耳其经济自建立以来的发展政策转变揭示了从国家主义发展到国家资本主义发展的状况。
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引用次数: 0
Ya Ben Kararsızsam? Kararsız Özdeşleşmenin Proaktif İş Davranışlarına Etkisinde Psikolojik Rahatlığın Rolü 如果我不决定怎么办?非决策协调主动工作的心理救济作用
Gürhan Yanik, Ayşe Karaca
Örgütlerde kararsızlık üzerine yapılmış çalışma sayısı son yıllarda gittikçe artmaya başlamış olmakla birlikte, özdeşleşme kararsızlığına odaklanan araştırmaların halen sınırlı sayıda olduğu görülmektedir. Literatürdeki bu boşluğu doldurmak amacıyla, bu çalışmada kararsız özdeşleşmenin proaktif iş davranışlarına etkisi ve psikolojik rahatlığın bu ilişkideki aracı rolü incelenmiştir. Araştırma hipotezlerini test etmek amacıyla, Türkiye’de çalışmakta olan 452 akademisyenden anket yöntemi ile veri toplanmış olup, analiz sonuçları kararsız özdeşleşmenin proaktif iş davranışlarını negatif etkilediğini ve psikolojik rahatlığın iki değişken arasındaki ilişkide aracılık rolü oynadığını göstermiştir.
在机构中,研究不平等的工作数量被视为关注和解不平等的研究人员数量有限,尽管在过去几年中这种不平等现象开始增加。为了填补文献中的这一空白,本研究调查了无条件和解对工作主动行为的影响,以及心理安慰在这种关系中的作用。为了检验研究假设,收集并分析了452名在土耳其工作的学者的数据,分析结果对积极主动的工作行为产生了负面影响,心理放松之间的关系也发生了变化。
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引用次数: 0
Prediction of Non-Revenue Water Cost Via Opportunity Cost Modeling Approach for Sustainable Water 基于机会成本模型的可持续用水非收益成本预测
Vedat Ekergi̇l, Ezgi Polat
Uluslararası Su Birliği ile Amerikan Su İşleri Birliği su kaybını önlemek ve sebep olan unsurları tanımlamak için su denetimi kavramını geliştirmişlerdir. Türkiye’de su kayıplarıyla mücadele ve su denetiminde ortak terminoloji sağlamak için şehirlerin su ve kanalizasyon idarelerinden “standart su dengesi tablosu (SSDT)’nu hazırlaması talep edilmektedir. Çalışmanın amacı; SSDT kapsamında su denetimi aracılığıyla sürdürülebilir su geleceğinin katkısını ortaya koymak, gelir getirmeyen su (GGS) miktarına bağlı gelir kaybını belirlemek, fırsat maliyetini hesaplamak ve GGS maliyeti hesaplaması için “fırsat maliyetini bir model” olarak önermektir. Çalışmanın sonucunda, GGS’nin fırsat maliyetinin hesaplanması sayesinde GGS tahmini maliyetinin sistematik bir şekilde azaltılması ve kayıp yönetimi hesaplamalarına katkı sunması beklenmektedir.
他们提出了水控制的概念,以防止美国水学会失去水并识别元素。土耳其的kayıplarıyla mücadele ve su denetiminde ortak terminoji sağlamak içinşehirlerin su ve kanalizasyon idarelerinden“标准”(SSDT)'nu hazırlamasıtalep edilmektedir。Çalışmanın amacı;SSDT kapsamında su denetimi aracılığyla sürdürülebilir su geleceğinin katkısını奥蒂亚·科伊马克为了确定收入损失的金额,计算机会成本,并提出机会成本作为计算GGS成本的模型。由于这项工作,GGS有望系统地降低GGS的估计成本,并有助于损失管理的计算。
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引用次数: 0
2008 Krizi Sonrasında Para Politikası Bağımsızlığı Çerçevesinde İmkânsız Üçleme ve İkilem Hipotezine İlişkin Tartışmalar 2008年危机后,货币政策独立性框架中的不可能的试验和第二假设关系
Nagehan Keski̇n
Based on the findings of empirical studies examining the trilemma-dilemma debate, this study aims to offer a general overview of this debate and light the way for future studies. We note that although some studies investigating the validity of the trilemma hypothesis conclude that it is still valid, others have found evidence in support of the dilemma hypothesis. Furthermore, a limited number of studies report that both hypotheses are partially valid. Examining the findings of these empirical studies as a whole, we can say that although flexible exchange rates continue to provide peripheral countries with more monetary independence, the steady increase in financial integration is weakening the shock-absorbing role played by the exchange rate today.
基于对“三难困境”争论的实证研究结果,本研究旨在对这场争论进行全面概述,并为未来的研究指明道路。我们注意到,尽管一些调查三困境假说有效性的研究得出结论认为它仍然有效,但其他研究已经找到了支持困境假说的证据。此外,数量有限的研究报告称,这两种假设都是部分有效的。从整体上审视这些实证研究的结果,我们可以说,尽管灵活的汇率继续为周边国家提供更多的货币独立性,但金融一体化的稳步增长正在削弱汇率今天发挥的减震作用。
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引用次数: 0
Kurum Kalitesi ve Yolsuzluk İlişkisi: Türkiye Örneği 宪法素质与非理性关系——以土耳其为例
Yıldırım Beyazıt Çi̇çen
The relationship between the level of corruption and the quality of Turkey's institutional structure was investigated in this study. Using quarterly data between 1984-2015, RALS-ADF unit root and RALS-EG cointegration tests were used to determine if there is a relationship between these variables in Turkey. Corruption level is the dependent variable, institutional quality is the independent variable, and the total production index is the control variable. The first analysis included both the coalition and single-party periods. Also, a separate analysis was carried out for the coalition period 1984-2002. There was no correlation between corruption and institutional quality in either analysis.
本研究调查了腐败程度与土耳其制度结构质量之间的关系。使用1984-2015年的季度数据,使用RALS-ADF单位根和RALS-EG协整检验来确定土耳其的这些变量之间是否存在关系。腐败程度是因变量,制度质量是自变量,生产总值指数是控制变量。第一个分析包括联合政府时期和一党时期。此外,还对1984-2002年联合政府时期进行了单独分析。在这两项分析中,腐败与制度质量之间都没有相关性。
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引用次数: 0
The Importance of Store Image in Retail Food Markets: An Analysis within the Framework of the S-O-R Paradigm 食品零售市场中店铺形象的重要性:S-O-R范式框架下的分析
Demet Köseoğlu, I. Tuncer
In the retail industry, where competition is extremely intense, it has become quite challenging for the stores to differentiate themselves from their competitors and gain an advantage. In this context, although many studies have been conducted to determine the purchase intention of consumers, the number of studies that have been handled within the framework of the stimulus-organism-response (S-O-R) model by determining the store image dimensions is quite limited. In this study, the effects of store image on brand awareness, customer satisfaction, perceived value and purchase intention were investigated using the S-O-R model. As a result of this study, evidence is presented on how retail markets can strengthen store image and therefore improve store performance.
在竞争极其激烈的零售行业中,商店如何从竞争对手中脱颖而出并获得优势已经变得非常具有挑战性。在此背景下,虽然已经进行了许多研究来确定消费者的购买意愿,但通过确定商店形象尺寸在刺激-生物-反应(S-O-R)模型框架内处理的研究数量相当有限。本研究采用S-O-R模型,考察了店铺形象对品牌意识、顾客满意度、感知价值和购买意愿的影响。作为这项研究的结果,证据提出了零售市场如何可以加强商店形象,从而提高商店业绩。
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引用次数: 0
The Effect of Organizational Compliance on High Performance: An Analytical Research in the General Company of Leather Industries / Cotton Factor 组织合规对高绩效的影响:皮革工业总公司/棉花因素的分析研究
Anfal Faisal Younis, Shiffaa Mohammed Ali
This research aims to identify how organizational compatibility, which represents the independent variable, affects higher performance, which is considered a dependent variable, given the importance of these variables in industrial organizations and their clear impact on their stability, survival, and growth in the light of changing environmental challenges.  Where the practical research problem was represented by the weakness of awareness of the importance toward organizational compatibility and its dimensions (organizational loyalty, organizational similarity, affiliation or membership, compatibility with goals, and compatibility with values), which is meant by the individual's compatibility with the organization in which he/she works within, and its impact on high performance with its dimensions (self-directed work teams,  effective recruitment, in-depth training, quality of workers, and employee motivation: rewards and incentives). To achieve the research objective, several main and sub-hypotheses have been suggested. Therefore, the research seeks to bring the attention of the leaders’ company toward the importance of research variables. The analytical (descriptive) approach was relied as a research design. The questionnaire served as the fundamental tool employed by the researchers for data collection and it included 52 questions, as the questionnaire was filled out by a sample of workers in the General Company for Textile and Leather Industries / Cotton Factory, with a total of 130 individuals( male and female), the most important research results are the existence of a correlation and impact of organizational compliance on high performance with its five dimensions.   
本研究旨在确定组织兼容性(自变量)如何影响更高的绩效(因变量),考虑到这些变量在产业组织中的重要性,以及它们在不断变化的环境挑战下对其稳定性、生存和增长的明显影响。其中,实际研究问题表现为对组织兼容性及其维度(组织忠诚度、组织相似性、隶属关系或成员关系、目标兼容性和价值观兼容性)的重要性认识不足,这意味着个人与他/她所在的组织的兼容性,以及它对高绩效的影响及其维度(自我指导的工作团队、有效的招聘、深度培训、员工素质和员工积极性(奖励和激励)。为了达到研究目的,本文提出了几个主要和次要假设。因此,本研究旨在引起领导公司对研究变量重要性的关注。采用分析(描述性)方法作为研究设计。问卷是研究人员收集数据的基本工具,问卷共有52个问题,问卷是由纺织皮革工业总公司/棉纺厂的工人样本填写的,共有130人(男性和女性),最重要的研究结果是组织合规性与高绩效的五个维度存在相关性和影响。
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引用次数: 0
The Effect of Nostalgia Marketing on Consumers' Purchase Intention 怀旧营销对消费者购买意愿的影响
Yasir Adil Mahmood Alkhafagi
The aim of this paper is to determine the effect of nostalgia marketing on consumers’ purchase intention and demographic factors. Nostalgia marketing is one of the marketing ideas that some organizations use it to attract customers by evoking memories or heritage in their minds. This method would affect the emotions and feelings of people, which may raise their desire to buy. The questionnaire was used as a tool for data collection, and it was distributed to a random sample of 512 individuals. A sample is a group of individuals who have seen small sculptures displayed in shops inside Babylon Mall in Baghdad. The small sculptures show the life of Baghdadis in the fifties and sixties of the last century. Statistical software was used for data analysis. The critical result of research indicates that there is a positive effect of nostalgia marketing on consumers’ purchase intention.  
本文的目的是确定怀旧营销对消费者购买意愿和人口因素的影响。怀旧营销是一些组织用它来吸引顾客的一种营销理念,通过唤起他们心中的回忆或遗产。这种方法会影响人们的情绪和感受,这可能会提高他们的购买欲望。问卷作为数据收集的工具,随机抽取512人进行调查。一个样本是一群人,他们在巴格达巴比伦购物中心的商店里看到了展示的小雕塑。这些小雕塑展示了上世纪五六十年代巴格达人的生活。采用统计学软件进行数据分析。关键研究结果表明,怀旧营销对消费者购买意愿有正向影响。
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引用次数: 0
Effect of Public Debt on The Trade Balance in Iraq For The Period (2003-2021) 2003-2021年伊拉克公共债务对贸易平衡的影响
Burhan Sheeaa Marie, Hamdya Shaker Moslem
Despite the significant increase in public spending in Iraq, it was not directed toward the important sectors that have an important role in correcting the productive structure. Rather, most of the public expenditure was going to cover the required imports, or to face shocks, whether security or health, and this caused a continuous decrease in the volume of Iraq's exports of goods and services, as the aim of the study was to review the importance of public debt and its impact on the trade balance, as well as to know the economic policies that can contribute to strengthening the trade balance, as the study proved through the (ARDL) model that there is a direct relationship between the domestic debt and the net trade balance, and an inverse relationship with regard to the external debt and the trade balance, as an increase in the external debt by one unit leads to a decrease in the net trade balance, and the study came out With several recommendations, the most important of which is directing public debt funds, whether domestic or external, to build and expand productive capacity. That borrowing be only for public investment, not consumption. As well as supporting the private sector as the main engine of productive sectors.
尽管伊拉克的公共开支大幅增加,但并没有用于在纠正生产结构方面发挥重要作用的重要部门。相反,大部分公共支出将用于支付所需的进口,或用于应付安全或卫生方面的冲击,这导致伊拉克货物和服务出口量持续减少,因为这项研究的目的是审查公共债务的重要性及其对贸易平衡的影响,以及了解有助于加强贸易平衡的经济政策。研究证明了通过(ARDL)模型,有直接关系的国内债务和净贸易平衡,和成反比关系的外部债务和贸易平衡,提高外债的一个单位导致减少净贸易平衡,研究了几个建议,最重要的是指导公共债务基金,无论是国内或外部,建立和扩大生产能力。借款只能用于公共投资,不能用于消费。以及支持私营部门作为生产部门的主要引擎。
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引用次数: 0
Comparison of Poisson Regression and Conway Maxwell Poisson Models Using Simulation Poisson回归与Conway Maxwell Poisson模型的仿真比较
Sarah Adnan Radam, Lamyaa Mohammed Ali Hameed
Regression models are one of the most important models used in modern studies, especially research and health studies because of the important results they achieve. Two regression models were used: Poisson Regression Model and Conway-Max Well-  Poisson), where this study aimed to make a comparison between the two models and choose the best one between them using the simulation method and at different sample sizes (n = 25,50,100) and with repetitions (r = 1000). The Matlab program was adopted.) to conduct a simulation experiment, where the results showed the superiority of the Poisson model through the mean square error criterion (MSE) and also through the Akaiki criterion (AIC) for the same distribution. Paper type: Research paper.  
回归模型是现代研究中使用的最重要的模型之一,特别是研究和健康研究,因为它们取得了重要的结果。本研究采用泊松回归模型(Poisson regression Model)和Conway-Max Well- Poisson回归模型(Conway-Max - Well- Poisson)两种回归模型,在不同样本量(n = 25、50、100)和重复数(r = 1000)的情况下,采用模拟方法对两种模型进行比较,并从中选择最佳模型。采用Matlab程序进行了仿真实验,结果表明,对于相同的分布,均方误差准则(MSE)和Akaiki准则(AIC)均显示了泊松模型的优越性。论文类型:研究论文。
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引用次数: 0
期刊
Eskisehir Osmangazi Universitesi IIBF Dergisi-Eskisehir Osmangazi University Journal of Economics and Administrative Sciences
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