Pub Date : 2017-01-01DOI: 10.17576/MH.2017.1201.04
Z. Mahdy
Iron deficiency anemia is the most common form of anemia in pregnancy. The present study was carried out to determine the prevalence of antenatal anemia and iron deficiency in the Malaysian population and its correlation with socio-demographic and obstetric profile. It was a cross-sectional study conducted at an urban health clinic over a period of six months. A single blood sample was drawn from apparently healthy pregnant mothers at antenatal booking and sent for laboratory assessment of full blood count and serum ferritin as screening tools for anemia and iron status. SPSS version 19.0 was used for statistical analyses. The results showed that out of 250 subjects, 43.6% had anemia and 31.6% had iron deficiency. Whilst 47.7% of subjects with anemia were iron deficient, 19.1% of subjects without anemia were also iron deficient. Serum ferritin correlated negatively with period of gestation at booking (p<0.001), with 77.6% of these women not having prior iron supplements. Serum ferritin was also significantly lower among grandmultiparae (p=0.01). Iron deficiency was significantly (p=0.024) more common among Indians (42.5%) compared to Malays (33.5%) and Chinese (13.0%). In conclusion, continuation of the current practice of routine antenatal iron supplementation is still warranted and justifiable in Malaysia as there is high prevalence of iron deficiency in pregnancy not only in the presence of anemia but also in the presence of normal hemoglobin values.
{"title":"Antenatal Iron Deficiency in an Urban Malaysian Popu","authors":"Z. Mahdy","doi":"10.17576/MH.2017.1201.04","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17576/MH.2017.1201.04","url":null,"abstract":"Iron deficiency anemia is the most common form of anemia in pregnancy. The present study was carried out to determine the prevalence of antenatal anemia and iron deficiency in the Malaysian population and its correlation with socio-demographic and obstetric profile. It was a cross-sectional study conducted at an urban health clinic over a period of six months. A single blood sample was drawn from apparently healthy pregnant mothers at antenatal booking and sent for laboratory assessment of full blood count and serum ferritin as screening tools for anemia and iron status. SPSS version 19.0 was used for statistical analyses. The results showed that out of 250 subjects, 43.6% had anemia and 31.6% had iron deficiency. Whilst 47.7% of subjects with anemia were iron deficient, 19.1% of subjects without anemia were also iron deficient. Serum ferritin correlated negatively with period of gestation at booking (p<0.001), with 77.6% of these women not having prior iron supplements. Serum ferritin was also significantly lower among grandmultiparae (p=0.01). Iron deficiency was significantly (p=0.024) more common among Indians (42.5%) compared to Malays (33.5%) and Chinese (13.0%). In conclusion, continuation of the current practice of routine antenatal iron supplementation is still warranted and justifiable in Malaysia as there is high prevalence of iron deficiency in pregnancy not only in the presence of anemia but also in the presence of normal hemoglobin values.","PeriodicalId":53946,"journal":{"name":"Medicine and Health","volume":"193 2","pages":"27-33"},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2017-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73226957","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2017-01-01DOI: 10.17576/MH.2017.1201.22
K. Logeswary, H. Isa, W. H. W. Halim, K. Then, A. Zahidin
Identification of causative organisms of clinically suspected microbial keratitis is very important so that appropriate targeted antimicrobial treatment can be offered to patients. The current routine method of corneal scraping specimens on to multiple agar culture plates for microbiological study is not really providing encouraging result. Our trial of modified technique of using BACTEC broth for three clinically suspected microbial keratitis cases worked 100% to identify the causative organisms in cases of microbial keratitis.
{"title":"Do pathogens from corneal scraping show their true colours better in bactec bottles","authors":"K. Logeswary, H. Isa, W. H. W. Halim, K. Then, A. Zahidin","doi":"10.17576/MH.2017.1201.22","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17576/MH.2017.1201.22","url":null,"abstract":"Identification of causative organisms of clinically suspected microbial keratitis is very important so that appropriate targeted antimicrobial treatment can be offered to patients. The current routine method of corneal scraping specimens on to multiple agar culture plates for microbiological study is not really providing encouraging result. Our trial of modified technique of using BACTEC broth for three clinically suspected microbial keratitis cases worked 100% to identify the causative organisms in cases of microbial keratitis.","PeriodicalId":53946,"journal":{"name":"Medicine and Health","volume":"38 1","pages":"150-153"},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2017-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77067015","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2017-01-01DOI: 10.17576/MH.2017.1201.15
G. Tan, Elsa, X. Fam, Shukor Na, E. Goh, P. Singam, C. Ho, Z. Zainuddin
Basal cell carcinoma (BCC) of the scrotum is uncommon and its pathogenesis is not well understood. The clinical behaviour of scrotal BCC is thought to be more aggressive and has a higher metastatic potential than BCC of other regions. The mainstay of treatment for localized scrotal BCC is wide local excision, while metastatic disease may need systemic chemotherapy for palliative control. A rare clinical scenario of scrotal BCC presenting concurrently with another metastatic cancer has never been reported. The present case illustrates the diagnostic challenge and management dilemma due to simultaneous presentation of scrotal BCC and metastatic squamous cell carcinoma (SCC). A 70-year-old man complained of a non-healing scrotal ulcer while he was being investigated for metastatic squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) of the external auditory meatus. The scrotal lesion was initially thought to be metastatic SCC. It was later confirmed to be BCC with biopsy and histopathological examination. He underwent surgical resection of the scrotal BCC for local control followed by palliative chemotherapy with cisplatin and radiotherapy for lymph node metastases. He remained well and did not have any local recurrence following 6 months after palliative treatment. Surgery coupled with palliative chemoradiation can offer good quality of life for patients with scrotal BCC and concurrent metastatic SCC.
{"title":"A rare case of scrotal basal cell carcinoma in the presence of metastatic squamous cell carcinoma of the external auditory meatus and its management strategy","authors":"G. Tan, Elsa, X. Fam, Shukor Na, E. Goh, P. Singam, C. Ho, Z. Zainuddin","doi":"10.17576/MH.2017.1201.15","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17576/MH.2017.1201.15","url":null,"abstract":"Basal cell carcinoma (BCC) of the scrotum is uncommon and its pathogenesis is not well understood. The clinical behaviour of scrotal BCC is thought to be more aggressive and has a higher metastatic potential than BCC of other regions. The mainstay of treatment for localized scrotal BCC is wide local excision, while metastatic disease may need systemic chemotherapy for palliative control. A rare clinical scenario of scrotal BCC presenting concurrently with another metastatic cancer has never been reported. The present case illustrates the diagnostic challenge and management dilemma due to simultaneous presentation of scrotal BCC and metastatic squamous cell carcinoma (SCC). A 70-year-old man complained of a non-healing scrotal ulcer while he was being investigated for metastatic squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) of the external auditory meatus. The scrotal lesion was initially thought to be metastatic SCC. It was later confirmed to be BCC with biopsy and histopathological examination. He underwent surgical resection of the scrotal BCC for local control followed by palliative chemotherapy with cisplatin and radiotherapy for lymph node metastases. He remained well and did not have any local recurrence following 6 months after palliative treatment. Surgery coupled with palliative chemoradiation can offer good quality of life for patients with scrotal BCC and concurrent metastatic SCC.","PeriodicalId":53946,"journal":{"name":"Medicine and Health","volume":"13 1","pages":"113-117"},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2017-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87372941","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2017-01-01DOI: 10.17576/MH.2017.1201.07
M. Norshalizah, C. T. Zar, F. Suhaimi
Excessive expression and activity of 11β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase enzyme type 1 (11β-HSD1) enzyme in mature adipocyte leads to obesity and metabolic syndrome. Fructose in drinking water was proven to induce metabolic syndrome in male Wistar rat. Hence, the aim of the study was to assess the effects of expression and activity of 11β-HSD1 enzyme in the liver in an established metabolic syndrome rat model induced by fructose drinking water. Twelve male Wistar rats were randomly divided into two groups: Control group, C (n=6) and Fructose drinking water 20%, F20 (n=6). The food and fluid intake were given as ad libitum for eight weeks. At the end of the experiment, the expression of 11β-HSD1 enzyme in the liver was measured by immunohistochemical staining method. The score was given according to the intensity of the staining of the granules in the hepatocyte cytoplasm which was measured using double-blinded method. Meanwhile, the activity of 11β-HSD1 enzyme in the liver was measured using ELISA technique. Following eight weeks of consumption of fructose drinking water, the F20 group showed an increased in both expression and activity of 11β-HSD1 in the liver. The obtained data clearly suggest that 11β-HSD1 enzymes in the liver may play a role in the development of metabolic syndrome and its complications in male Wistar rat.
{"title":"Effects of 11β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 1 enzyme in the liver in fructose induced metabolic syndrome rat model","authors":"M. Norshalizah, C. T. Zar, F. Suhaimi","doi":"10.17576/MH.2017.1201.07","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17576/MH.2017.1201.07","url":null,"abstract":"Excessive expression and activity of 11β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase enzyme type 1 (11β-HSD1) enzyme in mature adipocyte leads to obesity and metabolic syndrome. Fructose in drinking water was proven to induce metabolic syndrome in male Wistar rat. Hence, the aim of the study was to assess the effects of expression and activity of 11β-HSD1 enzyme in the liver in an established metabolic syndrome rat model induced by fructose drinking water. Twelve male Wistar rats were randomly divided into two groups: Control group, C (n=6) and Fructose drinking water 20%, F20 (n=6). The food and fluid intake were given as ad libitum for eight weeks. At the end of the experiment, the expression of 11β-HSD1 enzyme in the liver was measured by immunohistochemical staining method. The score was given according to the intensity of the staining of the granules in the hepatocyte cytoplasm which was measured using double-blinded method. Meanwhile, the activity of 11β-HSD1 enzyme in the liver was measured using ELISA technique. Following eight weeks of consumption of fructose drinking water, the F20 group showed an increased in both expression and activity of 11β-HSD1 in the liver. The obtained data clearly suggest that 11β-HSD1 enzymes in the liver may play a role in the development of metabolic syndrome and its complications in male Wistar rat.","PeriodicalId":53946,"journal":{"name":"Medicine and Health","volume":"2002 1","pages":"56-65"},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2017-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82892706","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2017-01-01DOI: 10.17576/MH.2017.1201.14
F. Mohammed, A. Azahsyahrina, A. Moonyza, Br Lee
Epidermal naevus is a congenital cutaneous hamartoma with a benign course. We highlight a rare case of epidermal naevus with concurrent basal cell carcinoma. A 79-year-old male had a skin biopsy at our centre for an enlarging skin nodule within a linear papular lesion measuring 2 x 4 cm at the left side of his neck, which was later diagnosed as basal cell carcinoma arising from an epidermal naevus. PIK3CA mutation is attributed to basal cell carcinoma which suggests the basal cell carcinoma component is independent of the epidermal naevus component. Clinicians and pathologists must be aware of possible malignant changes that might arise in an epidermal naevus.
表皮痣是一种具有良性病程的先天性皮肤错构瘤。我们报告一例罕见的表皮痣合并基底细胞癌。一位79岁男性患者在我们的中心进行了皮肤活检，发现颈部左侧线状丘疹病变内有一个增大的皮肤结节，大小为2 x 4 cm，后来诊断为表皮痣引起的基底细胞癌。PIK3CA突变归因于基底细胞癌，这表明基底细胞癌成分独立于表皮痣成分。临床医生和病理学家必须意识到表皮痣可能出现的恶性变化。
{"title":"Basal cell carcinoma arising from an epidermal naevus","authors":"F. Mohammed, A. Azahsyahrina, A. Moonyza, Br Lee","doi":"10.17576/MH.2017.1201.14","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17576/MH.2017.1201.14","url":null,"abstract":"Epidermal naevus is a congenital cutaneous hamartoma with a benign course. We highlight a rare case of epidermal naevus with concurrent basal cell carcinoma. A 79-year-old male had a skin biopsy at our centre for an enlarging skin nodule within a linear papular lesion measuring 2 x 4 cm at the left side of his neck, which was later diagnosed as basal cell carcinoma arising from an epidermal naevus. PIK3CA mutation is attributed to basal cell carcinoma which suggests the basal cell carcinoma component is independent of the epidermal naevus component. Clinicians and pathologists must be aware of possible malignant changes that might arise in an epidermal naevus.","PeriodicalId":53946,"journal":{"name":"Medicine and Health","volume":"72 1","pages":"109-112"},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2017-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76057559","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2017-01-01DOI: 10.17576/MH.2017.1201.08
O. Bakheet, Y. Nurasyikin, Azma Rz, S. A. Aziz, S. F. Chandramaya, N. Masir
Acute myeloid leukaemia (AML) is the most common subtype of acute leukaemias with a poor outcome. Msi2 protein is a newly discovered prognostic marker and it has been considered as a new target for therapy in AML. The study of Msi2 protein expression in AML cases has not been performed in Malaysia, to date. The main aim of the present study was to observe the expression of Msi2 protein in AML patients by immunohistochemistry (IHC) and to correlate its expression with the well-established prognostic and clinical parameters in AML as well as the overall survival (OS). Sixty four bone marrow trephine biopsy sections were immunostained for Msi2 protein. The percentage of blasts with positive reaction and the intensity of the cytoplasmic and nuclear staining were evaluated. The expression of Msi2 protein was found in 95.3% cases with Msi2 pattern varying between the cases. In 71.9% of cases, the blasts showed total cellular positivity and 23.4% cases showed only cytoplasmic positivity. Majority showed high expression of Msi2 for cytoplasmic staining. Interestingly, there was significant correlation between total cellular staining and the intermediate cytogenetic subgroup (P= 0.04). In conclusion, the results showed that the majority of the patients had high expression of Msi2 but this did not correlate to OS. However, the Msi2 expression correlated to the cytogenetic findings. The results suggest future extensive research to be conducted in order to ascertain the exact role of Msi2 positive blast cells in AML in our population and their association with prognosis and outcome.
{"title":"The Msi2 protein expression positive correlation with favorable cytogenetics findings in AML","authors":"O. Bakheet, Y. Nurasyikin, Azma Rz, S. A. Aziz, S. F. Chandramaya, N. Masir","doi":"10.17576/MH.2017.1201.08","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17576/MH.2017.1201.08","url":null,"abstract":"Acute myeloid leukaemia (AML) is the most common subtype of acute leukaemias with a poor outcome. Msi2 protein is a newly discovered prognostic marker and it has been considered as a new target for therapy in AML. The study of Msi2 protein expression in AML cases has not been performed in Malaysia, to date. The main aim of the present study was to observe the expression of Msi2 protein in AML patients by immunohistochemistry (IHC) and to correlate its expression with the well-established prognostic and clinical parameters in AML as well as the overall survival (OS). Sixty four bone marrow trephine biopsy sections were immunostained for Msi2 protein. The percentage of blasts with positive reaction and the intensity of the cytoplasmic and nuclear staining were evaluated. The expression of Msi2 protein was found in 95.3% cases with Msi2 pattern varying between the cases. In 71.9% of cases, the blasts showed total cellular positivity and 23.4% cases showed only cytoplasmic positivity. Majority showed high expression of Msi2 for cytoplasmic staining. Interestingly, there was significant correlation between total cellular staining and the intermediate cytogenetic subgroup (P= 0.04). In conclusion, the results showed that the majority of the patients had high expression of Msi2 but this did not correlate to OS. However, the Msi2 expression correlated to the cytogenetic findings. The results suggest future extensive research to be conducted in order to ascertain the exact role of Msi2 positive blast cells in AML in our population and their association with prognosis and outcome.","PeriodicalId":53946,"journal":{"name":"Medicine and Health","volume":"6 1","pages":"66-82"},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2017-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88886952","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2017-01-01DOI: 10.17576/MH.2017.1201.18
O. Amin, N. Muhamad, Afliza Ab
Altered mental status in the setting of polytrauma poses a challenge to the emergency team managing the patient. The tendency to miss positive findings in these circumstances increases several folds due to multiple factors such as depressed mental status/intoxication, presence of distracting injuries and concurrent life-threatening injuries that require more urgent attention. In view of this, NEXUS (National Emergency X-Radiography Utilization Study) criteria of clearing the cervical spine was adopted and used worldwide. Consensus on clearance of the other parts of spine is still lacking. This case reports highlights the findings in a 18-yrs-old male who presented with altered mental status, facial pain and abrasion, following a motor vehicle accident. Facial bone fracture was diagnosed and he was discharged. Three days later, he came with severe epigastric pain. Tenderness on palpation was noted at the spine and Computed Tomography (CT) scan was done. Multiple thoracic vertebra fractures were seen. As a conclusion, thorough primary and secondary survey should be done in patients who have regained full consciousness prior to discharge in order to avoid overlooking other serious injuries.
{"title":"A case of missed thoracic fracture masquerading as intra-abdominal injury","authors":"O. Amin, N. Muhamad, Afliza Ab","doi":"10.17576/MH.2017.1201.18","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17576/MH.2017.1201.18","url":null,"abstract":"Altered mental status in the setting of polytrauma poses a challenge to the emergency team managing the patient. The tendency to miss positive findings in these circumstances increases several folds due to multiple factors such as depressed mental status/intoxication, presence of distracting injuries and concurrent life-threatening injuries that require more urgent attention. In view of this, NEXUS (National Emergency X-Radiography Utilization Study) criteria of clearing the cervical spine was adopted and used worldwide. Consensus on clearance of the other parts of spine is still lacking. This case reports highlights the findings in a 18-yrs-old male who presented with altered mental status, facial pain and abrasion, following a motor vehicle accident. Facial bone fracture was diagnosed and he was discharged. Three days later, he came with severe epigastric pain. Tenderness on palpation was noted at the spine and Computed Tomography (CT) scan was done. Multiple thoracic vertebra fractures were seen. As a conclusion, thorough primary and secondary survey should be done in patients who have regained full consciousness prior to discharge in order to avoid overlooking other serious injuries.","PeriodicalId":53946,"journal":{"name":"Medicine and Health","volume":"19 1","pages":"127-130"},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2017-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76697330","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2017-01-01DOI: 10.17576/MH.2017.1201.11
Z. Y. A. Mastura, Norshamsiah, M. Hazlita, O. Othmaliza, A. Ropilah
Orbital cellulitis is a potential blinding condition resulting from infection of the orbital contents, including the optic nerve. It may be fatal in cases with extension into the optic canal and subsequently the brain. Common aetiologies include extension of infection from paranasal sinusitis or preseptal cellulitis. This case report depicts the unusual occurrence of orbital cellulitis following a trivial superficial conjunctiva laceration wound from a motor-vehicle accident. Aggressive treatment with systemic antibiotics resulted in good visual outcome. All wound on or around the globe must be diligently treated to prevent such detrimental complication.
{"title":"Orbital Cellulitis from Untreated Conjunctival Wound","authors":"Z. Y. A. Mastura, Norshamsiah, M. Hazlita, O. Othmaliza, A. Ropilah","doi":"10.17576/MH.2017.1201.11","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17576/MH.2017.1201.11","url":null,"abstract":"Orbital cellulitis is a potential blinding condition resulting from infection of the orbital contents, including the optic nerve. It may be fatal in cases with extension into the optic canal and subsequently the brain. Common aetiologies include extension of infection from paranasal sinusitis or preseptal cellulitis. This case report depicts the unusual occurrence of orbital cellulitis following a trivial superficial conjunctiva laceration wound from a motor-vehicle accident. Aggressive treatment with systemic antibiotics resulted in good visual outcome. All wound on or around the globe must be diligently treated to prevent such detrimental complication.","PeriodicalId":53946,"journal":{"name":"Medicine and Health","volume":"76 1","pages":"94-98"},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2017-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86602150","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2017-01-01DOI: 10.17576/MH.2017.1201.19
Zyneelia Husain, E. Hashim
Leptospirosis is an emerging infectious disease with worldwide distribution. Its symptoms may mimic a number of other infections such as dengue, malaria, hepatitis and typhoid fever, particularly in tropical countries where these diseases are endemic. Similarly, dengue is an important infectious disease that poses as a public health emergency due to its rapid epidemic spread across the world. Here, we report a fatal case of dengue fever in a patient who was also serologically positive for leptospirosis. Co-infection of both dengue and leptospirosis can lead to an illness with overlapping symptoms and therefore present a clinical diagnostic dilemma to the treating physician. Hence, a high index of suspicion among clinicians is required, especially in high endemic areas. The optimal usage of antigen-based rapid diagnostic tests is essential to aid the clinicians to make timely and accurate diagnosis as well as to start appropriate treatment regimes.
{"title":"Fatal pulmonary haemorrhage in co-infection with dengue and leptospirosis","authors":"Zyneelia Husain, E. Hashim","doi":"10.17576/MH.2017.1201.19","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17576/MH.2017.1201.19","url":null,"abstract":"Leptospirosis is an emerging infectious disease with worldwide distribution. Its symptoms may mimic a number of other infections such as dengue, malaria, hepatitis and typhoid fever, particularly in tropical countries where these diseases are endemic. Similarly, dengue is an important infectious disease that poses as a public health emergency due to its rapid epidemic spread across the world. Here, we report a fatal case of dengue fever in a patient who was also serologically positive for leptospirosis. Co-infection of both dengue and leptospirosis can lead to an illness with overlapping symptoms and therefore present a clinical diagnostic dilemma to the treating physician. Hence, a high index of suspicion among clinicians is required, especially in high endemic areas. The optimal usage of antigen-based rapid diagnostic tests is essential to aid the clinicians to make timely and accurate diagnosis as well as to start appropriate treatment regimes.","PeriodicalId":53946,"journal":{"name":"Medicine and Health","volume":"37 1","pages":"131-137"},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2017-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89554767","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2017-01-01DOI: 10.17576/MH.2017.1201.05
Qs Yi, Wang Za, Nurulhidayah Cn, Y. MohamadEzany, A. Azlina, Suharni Mohamad
Euphorbia tirucalli dilaporkan mempunyai aktiviti antibakteria terhadap pelbagai mikroorganisma. Kajian in vitro ini bertujuan untuk menilai ciri-ciri antibakteria ekstrak (metanol, etanol dan ekstrak akueus) batang Euphorbia tirucalli terhadap bakteria yang berkaitan dengan karies gigi, iaitu Streptococcus mutans (S. mutans) dan Streptococcus sobrinus (S. sobrinus). Sifat-sifat antibakteria telah ditentukan menggunakan ujian resapan agar berlubang pada kepekatan ekstrak yang berbeza (10, 20 dan 30 mg/ml). Komersial amoxicillin (10 μg) telah digunakan sebagai kawalan positif manakala pelarut yang sesuai telah digunakan sebagai kawalan negatif. Ekstrak metanol dan ethanol daripada batang Euphorbia tirucalli didapati berkesan terhadap S. mutans dan S. sobrinus. Walau bagaimanapun, ekstrak akueus batang Euphorbia tirucalli tidak menunjukkan aktiviti terhadap kedua-dua strain bakteria. Perbezaan dalam ciri-ciri antibakteria dalam perbezaan ekstrak Euphorbia tirucalli mungkin disebabkan oleh perbezaan dalam juzuk fitokimia.
{"title":"The antibacterial properties of Euphorbia tirucalli stem extracts against dental caries-related bacteria","authors":"Qs Yi, Wang Za, Nurulhidayah Cn, Y. MohamadEzany, A. Azlina, Suharni Mohamad","doi":"10.17576/MH.2017.1201.05","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17576/MH.2017.1201.05","url":null,"abstract":"Euphorbia tirucalli dilaporkan mempunyai aktiviti antibakteria terhadap pelbagai mikroorganisma. Kajian in vitro ini bertujuan untuk menilai ciri-ciri antibakteria ekstrak (metanol, etanol dan ekstrak akueus) batang Euphorbia tirucalli terhadap bakteria yang berkaitan dengan karies gigi, iaitu Streptococcus mutans (S. mutans) dan Streptococcus sobrinus (S. sobrinus). Sifat-sifat antibakteria telah ditentukan menggunakan ujian resapan agar berlubang pada kepekatan ekstrak yang berbeza (10, 20 dan 30 mg/ml). Komersial amoxicillin (10 μg) telah digunakan sebagai kawalan positif manakala pelarut yang sesuai telah digunakan sebagai kawalan negatif. Ekstrak metanol dan ethanol daripada batang Euphorbia tirucalli didapati berkesan terhadap S. mutans dan S. sobrinus. Walau bagaimanapun, ekstrak akueus batang Euphorbia tirucalli tidak menunjukkan aktiviti terhadap kedua-dua strain bakteria. Perbezaan dalam ciri-ciri antibakteria dalam perbezaan ekstrak Euphorbia tirucalli mungkin disebabkan oleh perbezaan dalam juzuk fitokimia.","PeriodicalId":53946,"journal":{"name":"Medicine and Health","volume":"18 1","pages":"34-41"},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2017-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82366793","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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