Pub Date : 2017-12-22DOI: 10.17576/MH.2017.1202.17
Ahmad Nh, T. L. Tan
Mild hyperkalaemia does not typically cause cardiac symptoms. However, for an elderly patient on atrio-ventricular (AV) nodal blocker, even mild hyperkalaemia may result in disastrous outcome. We report a case of persistent bradyarrythmia caused by iatrogenic hyperkalaemia in a patient who had concomitant use of AV nodal medication. An 81-year-old lady with multiple comorbidities and a long list of medications presented with symptomatic bradyarrhythmia. She, in fact, had two AV nodal blockers in her prescription, a beta-blocker and amiodarone. Her potassium level was found to be mildly elevated due to acute renal failure. She remained bradycardic despite initial treatment and was subsequently dependant on intravenous isoproterenol until her renal function improved. This case highlights the different threshold for manifestation of hyperkalaemic symptoms in a growing group of patients: elderly patients with multiple comorbidities and polypharmacy.
{"title":"Correlation of Iatrogenic mild hyperkalaemia and bradyarrhythmia: a problem of polypharmacy in elderly","authors":"Ahmad Nh, T. L. Tan","doi":"10.17576/MH.2017.1202.17","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17576/MH.2017.1202.17","url":null,"abstract":"Mild hyperkalaemia does not typically cause cardiac symptoms. However, for an elderly patient on atrio-ventricular (AV) nodal blocker, even mild hyperkalaemia may result in disastrous outcome. We report a case of persistent bradyarrythmia caused by iatrogenic hyperkalaemia in a patient who had concomitant use of AV nodal medication. An 81-year-old lady with multiple comorbidities and a long list of medications presented with symptomatic bradyarrhythmia. She, in fact, had two AV nodal blockers in her prescription, a beta-blocker and amiodarone. Her potassium level was found to be mildly elevated due to acute renal failure. She remained bradycardic despite initial treatment and was subsequently dependant on intravenous isoproterenol until her renal function improved. This case highlights the different threshold for manifestation of hyperkalaemic symptoms in a growing group of patients: elderly patients with multiple comorbidities and polypharmacy.","PeriodicalId":53946,"journal":{"name":"Medicine and Health","volume":"12 1","pages":"329-334"},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2017-12-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81584657","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2017-12-22DOI: 10.17576/MH.2017.1202.20
Saifful Ni, A. A. Bakar, T. Tan
Open tracheal injury is rare but can lead to disastrous consequences such as massive bleeding, airway obstruction or failure and aspiration of blood. We present a case of open tracheal injury of a man who tried to attempt suicide using a knife. In this case, the initial management was securing the airway by attempting orotracheal intubation. However, it was unsuccessful when the tube came out from the laceration wound. Intubation was then re-attempted through the distal cut-end of the trachea in the face of airway failure. A quick initial assessment and anticipation of a failed airway should always be the top priority in any emergency physician managing these cases. Direct intubation through the laceration wound might be the only option when all else fail and your patient is crashing.
{"title":"A short cut to definitive airway in open tracheal injury: a case report","authors":"Saifful Ni, A. A. Bakar, T. Tan","doi":"10.17576/MH.2017.1202.20","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17576/MH.2017.1202.20","url":null,"abstract":"Open tracheal injury is rare but can lead to disastrous consequences such as massive bleeding, airway obstruction or failure and aspiration of blood. We present a case of open tracheal injury of a man who tried to attempt suicide using a knife. In this case, the initial management was securing the airway by attempting orotracheal intubation. However, it was unsuccessful when the tube came out from the laceration wound. Intubation was then re-attempted through the distal cut-end of the trachea in the face of airway failure. A quick initial assessment and anticipation of a failed airway should always be the top priority in any emergency physician managing these cases. Direct intubation through the laceration wound might be the only option when all else fail and your patient is crashing.","PeriodicalId":53946,"journal":{"name":"Medicine and Health","volume":"1 1","pages":"348-351"},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2017-12-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77291001","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2017-12-22DOI: 10.17576/MH.2017.1202.01
T. Gumpangseth, P. Mahakkanukrauh
The amino acid racemization is a chemical reaction process that depends on the property change of proteins in the organism. There is change in the concentration of L-and D-amino acids in during life and after death, as well. This change leads to the relationship with aging process. Aspartic acid (Asp) is non-essential amino acid which is commonly utilized on racemization because it has most rapidly accumulated of D-aspartic acids of all amino acids. Therefore, aging is related to the interconversion of amino acids, which is a useful tool for age estimation in forensic science. Aspartic acid racemization can occur in many human structures e.g. teeth, bone, articular cartilage, intervertebral disc, yellow ligament, skin, lung parenchyma, aorta, and eye-lens. Additionally, the relationship between aspartic acid racemization and age can be used for investigation of protein turnover and pathological diseases. There are different aspartic acid preparation methods which obtain different results. In this review, we describe aspartic acid racemization method, several factors of racemization, application of racemization for age estimation including several preparation methods based on racemization in both teeth and bones.
{"title":"Aspartic acid racemization method for age estimation in human tissues: a review","authors":"T. Gumpangseth, P. Mahakkanukrauh","doi":"10.17576/MH.2017.1202.01","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17576/MH.2017.1202.01","url":null,"abstract":"The amino acid racemization is a chemical reaction process that depends on the property change of proteins in the organism. There is change in the concentration of L-and D-amino acids in during life and after death, as well. This change leads to the relationship with aging process. Aspartic acid (Asp) is non-essential amino acid which is commonly utilized on racemization because it has most rapidly accumulated of D-aspartic acids of all amino acids. Therefore, aging is related to the interconversion of amino acids, which is a useful tool for age estimation in forensic science. Aspartic acid racemization can occur in many human structures e.g. teeth, bone, articular cartilage, intervertebral disc, yellow ligament, skin, lung parenchyma, aorta, and eye-lens. Additionally, the relationship between aspartic acid racemization and age can be used for investigation of protein turnover and pathological diseases. There are different aspartic acid preparation methods which obtain different results. In this review, we describe aspartic acid racemization method, several factors of racemization, application of racemization for age estimation including several preparation methods based on racemization in both teeth and bones.","PeriodicalId":53946,"journal":{"name":"Medicine and Health","volume":"144 1","pages":"156-169"},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2017-12-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77507793","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2017-12-22DOI: 10.17576/MH.2017.1202.15
W. Rohani, S. Athirah, A. Nasriah, M. Mohaslida, T. F. Murniwati, M. J. Norhasiza, R. HusbaniM.A., A. Elinah
Early detection of breast cancer risk by screening tools such as mammography can reduces the cost of treatment management and the prognosis of the disease. The level of breast density of in mammogram is one of the potential cofounder factor for breast cancer risk. The development of mammary epithelial cells is determined by the genetic factor. Transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-s) gene involves in the regulation of cell proliferation and cell division. This study aimed to assess the association of TGF-s1 polymorphisms with breast density among women who underwent breast screening using mammogram. The detection of genotypes for three polymorphisms of TGF-s1 assigned as rs1800469, rs1800470 and rs4803455 were performed using PCR-RFLP technique. The allele and genotype frequencies were calculated for control group that consists of BIRADS 1 and BIRADS 2 class whilst case group consisted of BIRADS 3 and BIRADS 4 class. Two polymorphisms (rs1800469 and rs1800470) yielded a significant association with breast density with p value of 0.004 and 0.003, respectively. However, the third polymorphism, rs4803455 did not yield a significant association (p value=0.090). Haplotype association analysis might suggest the haplotype GAA conferred susceptibility (p value= 0.02, OR=2.21[1.07-4.55]) rather than haplotype AAC predispose a protective effect (p value=0.004, OR=0.40[0.21-0.77]) to breast density development. This preliminary data on single and haplotype association might reveal the association of polymorphisms of TGF-s1 with breast density and give an insight on the role of polymorphism in predisposing to breast density development.
{"title":"Study of Association of TGF-ß1 Polymorphism with Breast Density in a Tertiary Medical Center of Malaysia","authors":"W. Rohani, S. Athirah, A. Nasriah, M. Mohaslida, T. F. Murniwati, M. J. Norhasiza, R. HusbaniM.A., A. Elinah","doi":"10.17576/MH.2017.1202.15","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17576/MH.2017.1202.15","url":null,"abstract":"Early detection of breast cancer risk by screening tools such as mammography can reduces the cost of treatment management and the prognosis of the disease. The level of breast density of in mammogram is one of the potential cofounder factor for breast cancer risk. The development of mammary epithelial cells is determined by the genetic factor. Transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-s) gene involves in the regulation of cell proliferation and cell division. This study aimed to assess the association of TGF-s1 polymorphisms with breast density among women who underwent breast screening using mammogram. The detection of genotypes for three polymorphisms of TGF-s1 assigned as rs1800469, rs1800470 and rs4803455 were performed using PCR-RFLP technique. The allele and genotype frequencies were calculated for control group that consists of BIRADS 1 and BIRADS 2 class whilst case group consisted of BIRADS 3 and BIRADS 4 class. Two polymorphisms (rs1800469 and rs1800470) yielded a significant association with breast density with p value of 0.004 and 0.003, respectively. However, the third polymorphism, rs4803455 did not yield a significant association (p value=0.090). Haplotype association analysis might suggest the haplotype GAA conferred susceptibility (p value= 0.02, OR=2.21[1.07-4.55]) rather than haplotype AAC predispose a protective effect (p value=0.004, OR=0.40[0.21-0.77]) to breast density development. This preliminary data on single and haplotype association might reveal the association of polymorphisms of TGF-s1 with breast density and give an insight on the role of polymorphism in predisposing to breast density development.","PeriodicalId":53946,"journal":{"name":"Medicine and Health","volume":"214 1","pages":"312-320"},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2017-12-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77561384","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2017-12-22DOI: 10.17576/MH.2017.1202.18
Muhammad Jamil, A. Rashid, S. Ibrahim
Septic arthritis of the hip in children represents a serious disorder with unfavourable long-term sequelae. In neonates, a poor hip outcome is expected especially if the treatment was delayed. Late sequelae can lead to structural joint damage and instability, causing deformity and dislocations which ultimately may result in limb length discrepancy, early degenerative changes and limited range of motion. Surgery at the appropriate time can improve the hip condition and functional outcome. Previous classifications of post septic hip sequelae are useful guides for treatment, but did not discuss one particular group of patient. This group-septic hip dislocation with a preserved femoral head, has recently been described as a distinct entity. This report highlights an 11-year follow-up of a 2-year-old child who had a successful outcome following open reduction and varus derotation osteotomy for a septic hip dislocation with a preserved femoral head.
{"title":"Septic hip dislocation with a preserved femoral head: successful outcome following open reduction","authors":"Muhammad Jamil, A. Rashid, S. Ibrahim","doi":"10.17576/MH.2017.1202.18","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17576/MH.2017.1202.18","url":null,"abstract":"Septic arthritis of the hip in children represents a serious disorder with unfavourable long-term sequelae. In neonates, a poor hip outcome is expected especially if the treatment was delayed. Late sequelae can lead to structural joint damage and instability, causing deformity and dislocations which ultimately may result in limb length discrepancy, early degenerative changes and limited range of motion. Surgery at the appropriate time can improve the hip condition and functional outcome. Previous classifications of post septic hip sequelae are useful guides for treatment, but did not discuss one particular group of patient. This group-septic hip dislocation with a preserved femoral head, has recently been described as a distinct entity. This report highlights an 11-year follow-up of a 2-year-old child who had a successful outcome following open reduction and varus derotation osteotomy for a septic hip dislocation with a preserved femoral head.","PeriodicalId":53946,"journal":{"name":"Medicine and Health","volume":"26 1","pages":"335-340"},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2017-12-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73046009","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2017-12-22DOI: 10.17576/MH.2017.1202.03
H. Rossman, Mahathar Aw, N. Muhamad
Fluid replacement is the mainstay treatment for diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA). Currently, the best choice of fluids is still debatable. An amount of 0.9% sodium chloride is commonly used. Sterofundin® is an alternative crystalloid that is assumed to expedite resolution of acidosis. Advantages in sterofundin content being smaller significant ion difference (SID) to plasma and lower chloride content. The main objective of the study was to compare rate of acidosis resolution in DKA patients between treatment with 0.9% normal saline and Sterofundin over 12 hrs. Other objectives were to compare significant ion difference (SID), 12-hr blood ketone clearance and electrolyte balance between the two groups. The study was a prospective open labelled randomized control trial. This study was conducted over 6 months. Sample size of 18 was obtained with 9 for each arm. Main difference between two groups was initial median 2-hr pH level improvement (NS = +0.006 vs. Sterofundin = +0.05, P=0.063), however not being significant. Ketone, anion gap reduction, bicarbonate normalisation, sodium, chloride, urea and creatinine levels failed to show any significant differences between both groups. Twelve-hour median chloride levels increments were higher in the NS group (+11) compared to the sterofundin group (+6). There was no difference between mortality and morbidity. Comparing the two fluid groups, there was no significant biochemical differences during treatment of DKA. This was a pilot study that can initiate further clinical trials.
补液是糖尿病酮症酸中毒(DKA)的主要治疗方法。目前，液体的最佳选择仍有争议。通常使用0.9%的氯化钠。Sterofundin®是一种替代晶体，被认为可以加速酸中毒的解决。其优点是与血浆的显著离子差(SID)较小，氯离子含量较低。该研究的主要目的是比较0.9%生理盐水和甾体氟定治疗12小时内DKA患者酸中毒的缓解率。其他目的是比较两组之间的显著离子差异(SID)、12小时血酮清除率和电解质平衡。本研究为前瞻性开放标签随机对照试验。这项研究进行了6个月。样本量为18个，每组9个。两组之间的主要差异是初始中位2小时pH水平改善(NS = +0.006 vs Sterofundin = +0.05, P=0.063)，但无显著性差异。酮、阴离子间隙减少、碳酸氢盐正常化、钠、氯化物、尿素和肌酐水平在两组之间没有显着差异。NS组12小时氯离子水平中位数增量(+11)高于甾体醌组(+6)。死亡率和发病率之间没有差异。两液体组比较，DKA治疗期间生化指标无显著差异。这是一项初步研究，可以启动进一步的临床试验。
{"title":"Comparing sterofundin to 0.9% sodium chloride infusion in managing diabetic ketoacidosis: a pilot study","authors":"H. Rossman, Mahathar Aw, N. Muhamad","doi":"10.17576/MH.2017.1202.03","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17576/MH.2017.1202.03","url":null,"abstract":"Fluid replacement is the mainstay treatment for diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA). Currently, the best choice of fluids is still debatable. An amount of 0.9% sodium chloride is commonly used. Sterofundin® is an alternative crystalloid that is assumed to expedite resolution of acidosis. Advantages in sterofundin content being smaller significant ion difference (SID) to plasma and lower chloride content. The main objective of the study was to compare rate of acidosis resolution in DKA patients between treatment with 0.9% normal saline and Sterofundin over 12 hrs. Other objectives were to compare significant ion difference (SID), 12-hr blood ketone clearance and electrolyte balance between the two groups. The study was a prospective open labelled randomized control trial. This study was conducted over 6 months. Sample size of 18 was obtained with 9 for each arm. Main difference between two groups was initial median 2-hr pH level improvement (NS = +0.006 vs. Sterofundin = +0.05, P=0.063), however not being significant. Ketone, anion gap reduction, bicarbonate normalisation, sodium, chloride, urea and creatinine levels failed to show any significant differences between both groups. Twelve-hour median chloride levels increments were higher in the NS group (+11) compared to the sterofundin group (+6). There was no difference between mortality and morbidity. Comparing the two fluid groups, there was no significant biochemical differences during treatment of DKA. This was a pilot study that can initiate further clinical trials.","PeriodicalId":53946,"journal":{"name":"Medicine and Health","volume":"11 1","pages":"179-192"},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2017-12-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83862827","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2017-12-22DOI: 10.17576/MH.2017.1202.14
Azizah Ahmad Fauzi, Muhamad Aqil Aa, Z. MohdAmirul, A. Atika
Bisecting-angle-technique is a method used to improve patient comfort during periapical radiography. This technique is usually performed without X-ray beam aiming device and has been commonly associated with dental radiographic error. The use of external marker as a beam aiming device in bisecting-angle-technique is potentially effective to reduce the number of errors occurring during periapical radiography. In this study, 240 periapical radiographs were taken by undergraduate dental students. Periapical radiographs were taken using traditional method of bisecting-angle-technique (BAT), bisecting-angle-technique with the use of external marker (BAT-M) and the standard method in periapical radiography; paralleling technique (PT). All radiographic images were evaluated and errors were classified and tabled according to the type and number of errors. Chi-square test was used to compare the total number of radiographic errors made using these three techniques. One of the most common errors with BAT was cone cut error (13.8%). This error had been markedly reduced to 1.3% and 2.5% by implementation of BAT-M and PT, respectively. The total number of errors was also found to be significantly lesser for BAT-M compared to BAT, p< 0.05.
{"title":"External marker in bisecting-angle-technique: a new approach to minimize dental radiographic error","authors":"Azizah Ahmad Fauzi, Muhamad Aqil Aa, Z. MohdAmirul, A. Atika","doi":"10.17576/MH.2017.1202.14","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17576/MH.2017.1202.14","url":null,"abstract":"Bisecting-angle-technique is a method used to improve patient comfort during periapical radiography. This technique is usually performed without X-ray beam aiming device and has been commonly associated with dental radiographic error. \u0000The use of external marker as a beam aiming device in bisecting-angle-technique is potentially effective to reduce the number of errors occurring during periapical radiography. In this study, 240 periapical radiographs were taken by undergraduate dental students. Periapical radiographs were taken using traditional method of bisecting-angle-technique (BAT), bisecting-angle-technique with the use of external marker (BAT-M) and the standard method in periapical radiography; paralleling technique (PT). All radiographic images were evaluated and errors were classified and tabled according to the type and number of errors. Chi-square test was used to compare the total number of radiographic errors made using these three techniques. One of the most common errors with BAT was cone cut error (13.8%). This error had been markedly reduced to 1.3% and 2.5% by implementation of BAT-M and PT, respectively. The total number of errors was also found to be significantly lesser for BAT-M compared to BAT, p< 0.05.","PeriodicalId":53946,"journal":{"name":"Medicine and Health","volume":"7 1","pages":"304-311"},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2017-12-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79435413","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2017-12-22DOI: 10.17576/MH.2017.1202.02
P. Komutrattananont, P. Mahakkanukrauh
Age estimation is the one of biological profiles which plays an important role in identification in forensic field. The application of biochemical approach known as aspartic acid racemization in human provides more accuracy and less error of estimated age in age determination. During aging, amino acids within protein transform between D-and L-form (racemization), which results in increasing concentration of D-amino acids. This change of amino acids is related to aging. Aspartic acid has been generally applied in racemization because it has fastest rate of racemization. Racemization of aspartic acid not only takes place in teeth and many kinds of bone, but also can occur in the flexible structure which contain mostly elastin. For example, skin yellow ligament, lung parenchyma, and aorta. Elastin is essential protein which is comprised most composition of several structures and it is major content in the elastic fibers. Additionally, elastin is the longest lasting protein in the body with slow metabolic turnover rate. Recently, there is a purification technique to obtain only single protein in human aorta. There was a good correlation between degree of racemization (D/L ratio) and age. Therefore, aspartic acid racemization by purifies elastin from aorta is a one of indicator for age estimation. This review provides an overview of aspartic acid racemization, elastin protein, purification method bases on racemization and the application of D/L ratio by purified of elastin in artery for age estimation.
{"title":"Age estimation by using aspartic acid racemization from purified elastin of aorta","authors":"P. Komutrattananont, P. Mahakkanukrauh","doi":"10.17576/MH.2017.1202.02","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17576/MH.2017.1202.02","url":null,"abstract":"Age estimation is the one of biological profiles which plays an important role in identification in forensic field. The application of biochemical approach known as aspartic acid racemization in human provides more accuracy and less error of estimated age in age determination. During aging, amino acids within protein transform between D-and L-form (racemization), which results in increasing concentration of D-amino acids. This change of amino acids is related to aging. Aspartic acid has been generally applied in racemization because it has fastest rate of racemization. Racemization of aspartic acid not only takes place in teeth and many kinds of bone, but also can occur in the flexible structure which contain mostly elastin. For example, skin yellow ligament, lung parenchyma, and aorta. Elastin is essential protein which is comprised most composition of several structures and it is major content in the elastic fibers. Additionally, elastin is the longest lasting protein in the body with slow metabolic turnover rate. Recently, there is a purification technique to obtain only single protein in human aorta. There was a good correlation between degree of racemization (D/L ratio) and age. Therefore, aspartic acid racemization by purifies elastin from aorta is a one of indicator for age estimation. This review provides an overview of aspartic acid racemization, elastin protein, purification method bases on racemization and the application of D/L ratio by purified of elastin in artery for age estimation.","PeriodicalId":53946,"journal":{"name":"Medicine and Health","volume":"21 4 1","pages":"170-178"},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2017-12-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86759979","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2017-12-22DOI: 10.17576/MH.2017.1202.04
Boonyawee Nithithariyasophon, Chaowanee Wangchauy, Paweena Pradniwat, S. Chanprasert
Development of resistance to currently used drugs and side effects of several allopathic drugs have led to increased emphasis on plant materials uses as a source of medicines for a wide variety of human illnesses including leukemia. Houttuynia cordata Thunb (H.cordata), a Northern Thailand local plant and commonly known as Plucao, has various biological activities such as anti-inflammatory, anti-cancer and anti-leukemic activities. We aimed to determine active flavonoid components of H.cordata and to investigate the effect of H.cordata ethanolic extract on apoptotic induction on human acute lymphoblastic leukemia cells. In this study, we found that H.cordata ethanolic extract had total flavonoid of 231.21 ± 4.19 mg QE/g dried H.cordata. The extract analyzed by quantitative LC-MS consists of several flavonoid components including hyperin 6.35 ± 0.41, quercetin 0.34 ± 0.02, isoquercetin 1.10 ± 0.03, and rutin 0.88 ± 0.04 (%w/w). The cytotoxicity results showed dose dependent decrease in growth of Jurkat leukemic cells. Blebbing pattern of cell apoptosis was found in cells treated with H.cordata ethanolic extract for 24 and 48 hrs. Moreover, we found that the extract could substantially induce Jurkat cell death through apoptosis at both 12 and 24 hrs. In conclusion, these results indicated that H.cordata ethanolic extract which is composed of several flavonoids, possesses anti-leukemic activity through apoptotic induction in Jurkat leukemia cells.
{"title":"Flavonoid component determination and apoptotic induction evaluation of houttuynia cordata thunb extract on human acute leukemic cells","authors":"Boonyawee Nithithariyasophon, Chaowanee Wangchauy, Paweena Pradniwat, S. Chanprasert","doi":"10.17576/MH.2017.1202.04","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17576/MH.2017.1202.04","url":null,"abstract":"Development of resistance to currently used drugs and side effects of several allopathic drugs have led to increased emphasis on plant materials uses as a source of medicines for a wide variety of human illnesses including leukemia. Houttuynia cordata Thunb (H.cordata), a Northern Thailand local plant and commonly known as Plucao, has various biological activities such as anti-inflammatory, anti-cancer and anti-leukemic activities. We aimed to determine active flavonoid components of H.cordata and to investigate the effect of H.cordata ethanolic extract on apoptotic induction on human acute lymphoblastic leukemia cells. In this study, we found that H.cordata ethanolic extract had total flavonoid of 231.21 ± 4.19 mg QE/g dried H.cordata. The extract analyzed by quantitative LC-MS consists of several flavonoid components including hyperin 6.35 ± 0.41, quercetin 0.34 ± 0.02, isoquercetin 1.10 ± 0.03, and rutin 0.88 ± 0.04 (%w/w). The cytotoxicity results showed dose dependent decrease in growth of Jurkat leukemic cells. Blebbing pattern of cell apoptosis was found in cells treated with H.cordata ethanolic extract for 24 and 48 hrs. Moreover, we found that the extract could substantially induce Jurkat cell death through apoptosis at both 12 and 24 hrs. In conclusion, these results indicated that H.cordata ethanolic extract which is composed of several flavonoids, possesses anti-leukemic activity through apoptotic induction in Jurkat leukemia cells.","PeriodicalId":53946,"journal":{"name":"Medicine and Health","volume":"33 1","pages":"193-201"},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2017-12-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89064453","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2017-12-22DOI: 10.17576/MH.2017.1202.05
G. Gunasekaran, C. Fitri, S. Chandrashegkar, A. B. H. Amalnina, S. Raishan, Z. N. Faiznani, N. Ismail, Y. A. M. Yusof, J. Goon
Gelam honey was reported to exhibit anti-oxidative, anti-tumour and anti-inflammatory properties against many types of cancer. The main aim of the present study was to evaluate the effect of Gelam honey on the oxidative stress level of human lung cancer cells. IC50 of Gelam honey was identified by treating A549 cells with different doses of honey (50-200 mg/ml). The cells were divided into four groups and induced with stress using hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) accordingly: control, H2O2, Gelam honey, H2O2 + Gelam honey. After 24 hrs of treatment, oxidative stress markers such as malondialdehyde (MDA) and protein carbonyl, were determined. Induction of oxidative stress significantly increased the levels of MDA (p<0.05) but had no effect on protein carbonyl levels. Treatment with Gelam honey was found to reduce MDA levels (p<0.05) in A549 cells exposed to H2O2 but had no effect on the level of protein carbonyl. Interestingly, Gelam honey treatment alone had no effects on the levels of MDA and protein carbonyl. In conclusion, Gelam honey reduces lipid peroxidation but not protein oxidation in human lung cancer cells subjected to oxidative stress.
{"title":"Effects of gelam honey on oxidative stress in lung cancer cells","authors":"G. Gunasekaran, C. Fitri, S. Chandrashegkar, A. B. H. Amalnina, S. Raishan, Z. N. Faiznani, N. Ismail, Y. A. M. Yusof, J. Goon","doi":"10.17576/MH.2017.1202.05","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17576/MH.2017.1202.05","url":null,"abstract":"Gelam honey was reported to exhibit anti-oxidative, anti-tumour and anti-inflammatory properties against many types of cancer. The main aim of the present study was to evaluate the effect of Gelam honey on the oxidative stress level of human lung cancer cells. IC50 of Gelam honey was identified by treating A549 cells with different doses of honey (50-200 mg/ml). The cells were divided into four groups and induced with stress using hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) accordingly: control, H2O2, Gelam honey, H2O2 + Gelam honey. After 24 hrs of treatment, oxidative stress markers such as malondialdehyde (MDA) and protein carbonyl, were determined. Induction of oxidative stress significantly increased the levels of MDA (p<0.05) but had no effect on protein carbonyl levels. Treatment with Gelam honey was found to reduce MDA levels (p<0.05) in A549 cells exposed to H2O2 but had no effect on the level of protein carbonyl. Interestingly, Gelam honey treatment alone had no effects on the levels of MDA and protein carbonyl. In conclusion, Gelam honey reduces lipid peroxidation but not protein oxidation in human lung cancer cells subjected to oxidative stress.","PeriodicalId":53946,"journal":{"name":"Medicine and Health","volume":"190 1","pages":"202-209"},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2017-12-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76807849","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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