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What makes adults choose to learn: Factors that stimulate or prevent adults from learning 是什么让成年人选择学习:刺激或阻止成年人学习的因素
IF 1.9 Q2 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2023-04-11 DOI: 10.1177/14779714231169684
Adult learning policies need to be based on an understanding of the inequalities in the uptake and benefits of learning and why adults might not participate. This needs to go beyond a mere insight in barriers that, once removed, do no longer provide a reason for adults not to participate. This article aims to delph deeper in understanding what makes adults choose to learn. It starts by applying a capability approach perspective to adult learning to evaluate whether adults have freedom to value learning and, whether they can effectively turn this freedom into learning. This conceptual framing puts certain concepts in the spotlight, namely, ‘agency’, ‘conversion factors’ and ‘benefits of learning’, which were further explored through a narrative literature review analysing 109 articles. This resulted in an exploration of these concepts and their interplay feeding into a conceptual model, opening new perspectives for evaluating whether adults have equal opportunities to value adult learning and turn their willingness into actual learning. This model supports future empirical studies aimed to understand participation and non-participation of adults in learning that can in turn feed policy makers with better insights and tools to develop interventions actually provide the right encouragements for adults to learn.
成人学习政策需要基于对学习的吸收和受益方面的不平等以及成年人可能不参与的原因的理解。这需要超越对障碍的简单认识,这些障碍一旦消除,就不再为成年人提供不参与的理由。这篇文章旨在更深入地理解是什么让成年人选择学习。首先将能力方法的视角应用到成人学习中,评估成人是否有重视学习的自由,以及他们是否能有效地将这种自由转化为学习。这种概念框架将某些概念置于聚光灯下,即“代理”,“转换因素”和“学习的好处”,这些概念通过对109篇文章的叙述性文献综述进行了进一步探讨。这导致了对这些概念及其相互作用的探索,形成了一个概念模型,为评估成年人是否有平等的机会重视成人学习并将他们的意愿转化为实际学习开辟了新的视角。该模型支持未来的实证研究,旨在了解成年人参与和不参与学习的情况,从而为政策制定者提供更好的见解和工具,以制定干预措施,实际上为成年人学习提供正确的鼓励。
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引用次数: 0
Development and validation of an instrument to measure Chinese post-secondary and part-time students’ motivation to learn accounting in Hong Kong 开发及验证一套测量中国大专及兼职学生在香港学习会计的动机的工具
IF 1.9 Q2 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2023-04-11 DOI: 10.1177/14779714231169687
In the current research, we developed and validated a questionnaire to measure Chinese working adults’ motivation to study accounting on a path of lifelong learning in Hong Kong, China. We conducted individual in-depth interviews with adult learners ( n = 30) and professionals ( n = 12) in study 1 and study 2. Qualitative analysis showed six specific common themes for Chinese working adults’ motivation to learn accounting. Based on these results and the research literature, we developed a list of 31 provisional items for the questionnaire. In Study 3, we administered the provisional questionnaire to students ( N = 426) from sub-degree, undergraduate, and graduate programs. These data were analyzed using quantitative analysis. Exploratory factor analysis showed a six-dimensional structure. Removal of redundant items resulted in a 17-item questionnaire. Confirmatory factor analysis provided evidence of the reliability and validity of this measure, which assesses six domains of adult learners’ motivations for pursuing continuing education in accounting: development of knowledge and skills; family cohesion; reinforcement of social networking and communication; career development; enrichment of life; and self-development. This measure in the Chinese cultural context can be used for research purposes and for assessing students’ motivation in accounting programs in Hong Kong.
在目前的研究中,我们开发并验证了一份调查问卷,以衡量中国香港的中国在职成年人在终身学习道路上学习会计的动机。在研究1和研究2中,我们对成人学习者(n = 30)和专业人士(n = 12)进行了个人深度访谈。定性分析显示,中国在职成年人学习会计的动机有六个特定的共同主题。基于这些结果和研究文献,我们制定了问卷调查的31个临时项目清单。在研究3中,我们对来自副学位、本科和研究生课程的学生(N = 426)进行了临时问卷调查。对这些数据进行定量分析。探索性因子分析显示为六维结构。删除多余的项目产生了一份有17个项目的调查表。验证性因子分析为该测量提供了信度和效度的证据,该测量评估了成人学习者追求会计继续教育动机的六个领域:知识和技能的发展;家庭凝聚力;加强社会网络和沟通;职业发展;丰富生活;和自我发展。这个在中国文化背景下的测量可以用于研究目的和评估香港会计课程学生的动机。
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引用次数: 0
Editorial – Professional Development and much more 编辑-专业发展等等
IF 1.9 Q2 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2023-03-02 DOI: 10.1177/14779714231163670
M. Osborne
A number of the articles in this edition of JACE focus on professional learning, starting with Anh Ngoc Quynh Phan ’ s article concerning the path towards study and agency of Vietnamese doctoral students in Australia, China, Denmark and New Zealand. Sarah Capello then considers an EdD progamme at a US university with a focus on assessment, arguing for the use of alternative comprehensive examinations that are more attuned to student growth and to intended outcomes than some traditional approaches. Elaine Hoter and Reina Rutlinger Reiner ’ s concerns relate to the continuing education of mature Israeli teachers returning to take Masters programmes. Their study based on in-depth interviews argues for a range of strategies to reduce stress and avoid academic burn-out amongst these practitioners. Continuing Professional Development (CPD) of teachers is also the focus of the article from Moses Njenga who provides a theoretical framework that links the factors that seeks to explain the relationship between participation in CPD and teacher characteristics. Katerina Tza
本期JACE中的许多文章都聚焦于专业学习,首先是安的文章,内容涉及越南博士生在澳大利亚、中国、丹麦和新西兰的学习和代理之路。Sarah Capello随后考虑了美国一所大学的EdD课程,该课程侧重于评估,主张使用比一些传统方法更适应学生成长和预期结果的替代综合考试。Elaine Hoter和Reina Rutlinger Reiner的担忧与以色列成熟教师重返硕士课程的继续教育有关。他们基于深入访谈的研究为这些从业者提供了一系列减轻压力和避免学业倦怠的策略。教师的持续专业发展(CPD)也是Moses Njenga文章的重点,他提供了一个理论框架,将试图解释参与CPD与教师特征之间关系的因素联系起来。Katerina Tza
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引用次数: 0
Individual Benefits of Continuing Higher Education. The Case of a Swiss Business School 继续高等教育的个人利益。瑞士商学院案例
IF 1.9 Q2 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2023-02-28 DOI: 10.1177/14779714231160707
Sheron Baumann, Imke Keimer
This contribution examines individual benefits of continuing higher education courses provided by a business school. Lifelong learning is important when it comes to keeping up with changing professional requirements and conditions. Adult education and training courses in the form of continuing higher education offer an organized and systematic possibility to further develop oneself. However, empirical evidence on the benefits to graduates is sparse. This article aims to expand the state of knowledge through a Swiss case. Using univariate and multivariate analyses of survey data ( n = 1615), benefits contributing to the satisfaction with practice oriented, non-formal education for working professionals are examined. The analyses focus on satisfaction with one of three types of continuing education programs as a measure for the overall benefit to the graduates. The findings provide important indications for the design of continuing education programs in the context of professional higher education. They reveal that subjectively, monetary benefits as well as increases in personal competence are secondary to the overall benefit accrued through the completion of courses. Instead, career development and the enhancement of specific professional competence significantly contribute to the satisfaction of professionals completing continuing higher education.
这篇文章考察了商学院提供的继续高等教育课程的个人利益。当涉及到跟上不断变化的专业要求和条件时,终身学习很重要。继续高等教育形式的成人教育和培训课程为进一步发展自己提供了有组织和系统的可能性。然而,关于毕业生受益的实证证据并不多见。本文旨在通过一个瑞士案例来扩展知识的现状。通过对调查数据的单变量和多变量分析(n=1615),研究了有助于职业专业人员对以实践为导向的非正规教育的满意度的益处。分析的重点是对三种类型的继续教育项目之一的满意度,以此衡量毕业生的整体利益。研究结果为专业高等教育背景下继续教育项目的设计提供了重要指示。他们揭示,主观上,金钱利益和个人能力的提高是次要的,而不是通过完成课程而获得的整体利益。相反,职业发展和特定专业能力的提高大大提高了完成继续高等教育的专业人员的满意度。
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引用次数: 0
Digital Humanism, Progressive Neoliberalism and the European Digital Governance System for Vocational and Adult Education 数字人文主义、进步新自由主义与欧洲职业与成人教育数字治理体系
IF 1.9 Q2 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2023-02-28 DOI: 10.1177/14779714231161449
Alexander Schmoelz
In this article, the European digital governance system for vocational and adult education is critically examined in its single technologies and their interaction as well as theoretically reflected regarding potential dangers and opportunities based on the digital humanism and neoliberalism. The single digital technologies are described and critically scrutinised through expert interviews as well as the analysis of central policies, political decisions making (politics) and in the current technological modus operandi (digital polity). Findings reveal that the governance system leans towards progressive neoliberalism, combining forces of emancipation with forces of neoliberalism – especially regarding inclusion as one of the core dimensions of digital humanism.
在本文中,欧洲职业和成人教育的数字治理系统在其单一技术及其相互作用方面进行了批判性审查,并在理论上反映了基于数字人文主义和新自由主义的潜在危险和机会。通过专家访谈以及对中央政策、政治决策(政治)和当前技术操作方式(数字政策)的分析,对单一数字技术进行了描述和严格审查。研究结果表明,治理体系倾向于进步的新自由主义,将解放力量与新自由主义力量相结合,特别是将包容作为数字人文主义的核心维度之一。
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引用次数: 1
Development and implementation of a training package to improve the confidence, skills and knowledge of multi-disciplinary clinicians in the use of telepractice for outpatient services 制定和实施一揽子培训计划,以提高多学科临床医生在门诊远程实践方面的信心、技能和知识
IF 1.9 Q2 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2023-02-25 DOI: 10.1177/14779714221130376
D. Morton, Sarah Fulton, Michael Harris, Rachel Domalewski, Naomi Scolari, Laurelie R. Wishart, Elizabeth C. Ward, Kelly Hale
Introduction: Telepractice is recognised as an effective and efficient medium of service delivery; however, despite this evidence, implementation has been inconsistent. Clinician confidence and perceptions are integral factors to the successful implementation of telepractice in routine care. This study aimed to develop, implement and evaluate a telepractice training package for clinicians in a single hospital service. Methods: Forty-one clinicians from Speech Pathology, Physiotherapy and Chronic Disease departments participated in a training package with a specific focus on staff skills training, access to resources and embedding telepractice models of care into organisational culture. Questionnaires were used to evaluate clinician self-reported skills and confidence at baseline, post-training and 6-months post-training. Thematic analysis of open-ended questions was used to glean a deeper understanding of perceived barriers and facilitators to using telepractice. Results: Participants’ perceived knowledge and confidence significantly increased from baseline to immediately post-training ( p < .001) and increased further to 6-months post-training ( p < .001). Thematic analysis revealed three main enabling themes: (a) perceived benefits to patient care; (b) training and practice; and (c) resources and support; and four main barriers: (a) staff knowledge and training; (b) staff confidence; (c) client factors; and (d) infrastructure and resources. Conclusion: The telepractice training package improved staff skills and confidence which was sustained over time. Facilitating the uptake of telepractice is multidimensional and it is integral to address all relevant factors to ensure its success.
引言:远程实习被公认为一种有效和高效的服务提供媒介;然而,尽管有这些证据,但执行情况却不一致。临床医生的信心和认知是在常规护理中成功实施远程实践的不可或缺的因素。本研究旨在为一家医院的临床医生开发、实施和评估远程实践培训包。方法:来自言语病理学、物理治疗和慢性病科的41名临床医生参加了一个培训包,重点是员工技能培训、资源获取和将远程实践护理模式融入组织文化。问卷用于评估临床医生在基线、培训后和培训后6个月自我报告的技能和信心。开放式问题的主题分析被用来收集对使用远程实践的感知障碍和促进者的更深入理解。结果:参与者的感知知识和信心从基线到训练后立即显著增加(p<0.001),并进一步增加到训练后6个月(p<.001)。主题分析揭示了三个主要的促成主题:(a)感知对患者护理的益处;(b) 培训和实践;以及(c)资源和支助;四个主要障碍:(a)工作人员的知识和培训;(b) 员工信心;(c) 客户因素;以及(d)基础设施和资源。结论:远程实践培训包提高了员工的技能和信心,并持续了一段时间。促进远程实践是多层面的,解决所有相关因素以确保其成功是不可或缺的。
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引用次数: 0
An examination of the opinions of teachers working in public education centers on adult literacy programs in the context of functional literacy 对公共教育教师在功能素养背景下的成人扫盲计划的意见进行了调查
IF 1.9 Q2 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2023-02-17 DOI: 10.1177/14779714231156746
Mesut Demirbilek, Sıtar Keser
Functional literacy is the learning of knowledge and skills for vital necessities as a higher level of basic literacy and then the operational use of this information in individual, socio-cultural, or economic fields. This research aims to examine the opinions of teachers in the context of functional literacy related to the II level primary education program for adults conducted in Public Education Centers. A phenomenological design was used in the study. A total of 12 teachers working in literacy courses in Public Education Centers were included in the study group. This study was conducted by taking the opinions of teachers and concluded that the second-level literacy courses are not sufficient at the social, individual, and educational levels in the context of functional literacy. In the context of these results, it is recommended that the content of the II level primary education program is reconstructed to provide functional skills in a framework that enriches daily life practices focused on the needs of adult individuals.
功能性读写能力是学习生活必需品的知识和技能,作为更高水平的基本读写能力,然后在个人、社会文化或经济领域对这些信息进行操作使用。本研究旨在探讨在公立教育中心实施的成人二级初等教育计划中,教师对功能素养的看法。本研究采用现象学设计。共有12名在公共教育中心从事扫盲课程工作的教师被纳入研究小组。本研究采纳教师的意见,认为在功能性读写能力的背景下,二级读写课程在社会、个人和教育层面上都是不够的。在这些结果的背景下,建议重建二级小学教育计划的内容,在一个框架内提供功能技能,丰富日常生活实践,关注成年人的需求。
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引用次数: 0
The role of locus of control in mediating the relationship between nontraditional factors and academic entitlement 控制点在非传统因素与学术权利关系中的中介作用
IF 1.9 Q2 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2023-02-12 DOI: 10.1177/14779714231157248
Travis S. Crone, Stephanie J. Babb
The current study further explored the relationship between nontraditional students and academic entitlement. Previous research has established that the presence of more nontraditional factors predicts lower levels of reported academic entitlement. The mechanisms responsible for this connection have not been explored though. The current study examined the impact of locus of control on the relationship between nontraditional factors and academic entitlement. Participants ( N = 332) were asked to report their status on seven nontraditional factors and then completed measures exploring locus of control, academic entitlement, work engagement, and academic motivation. Analyses revealed that nontraditional factors predicted lower levels of external locus of control and external locus of control was negatively correlated with academic entitlement. Evidence for partial mediation was found for this relationship. The impact of these findings on nontraditional students, retention, and academic interventions is discussed.
本研究进一步探讨了非传统学生与学术权利之间的关系。先前的研究已经证实,更多非传统因素的存在预示着报告的学术权利水平较低。然而,造成这种联系的机制尚未探索。目前的研究考察了控制点对非传统因素与学术权利之间关系的影响。参与者(N=332)被要求报告他们对七个非传统因素的状况,然后完成探索控制点、学术权利、工作参与和学术动机的测量。分析显示,非传统因素预测外部控制源水平较低,外部控制源与学术权利呈负相关。为这种关系找到了部分调解的证据。讨论了这些发现对非传统学生、保留和学术干预的影响。
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引用次数: 0
Evaluating the impact of lifelong education on older adults: A case study from Hong Kong 评估终身教育对长者的影响:以香港为例
IF 1.9 Q2 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2023-02-11 DOI: 10.1177/14779714231156747
Vincent TS Law, Hilary HL Yee, Tommy K.Y. Ng, B. Fong
In light of its low fertility rate and long life span, Hong Kong is facing the challenge of a rapidly ageing population. To foster successful ageing, learning throughout life regardless of age is promoted as lifelong learning. A total of 20 older adults who are studying the Diploma in Active Ageing at the School of Professional Education and Executive Development of The Hong Kong Polytechnic University participated in a questionnaire survey while 16 older adult students participated in individual in-depth interviews in the present study. The results show that those who have received both informal and formal learning opportunities experienced positive changes to their physical, psychological and social health. The participants reported that the current lifelong learning policy provides insufficient financial support and insufficient promotion of formal education for older adults. For older adults to pursue further education, there is a need to provide more generous subsidies and relax age eligibility restrictions. To sustain lifelong learning, both informal and formal education for older adults should be promoted equally in order to meet the diverse interests and ability of older learners.
香港的生育率低,寿命长,正面临人口迅速老龄化的挑战。为了促进成功的老龄化,提倡终身学习,不分年龄。在本研究中,共有20名就读香港理工大学专业教育及行政发展学院积极老龄化文凭课程的长者参与问卷调查,16名长者参与个别深入访谈。结果表明,那些同时获得非正式和正式学习机会的人在身体、心理和社会健康方面都发生了积极变化。与会者报告说,目前的终身学习政策没有提供足够的财政支持,也没有充分促进老年人的正规教育。为了让老年人继续接受教育,有必要提供更慷慨的补贴,并放宽年龄资格限制。为了维持终身学习,应平等促进老年人的非正式和正式教育,以满足老年学习者的不同兴趣和能力。
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引用次数: 0
Cultivating responsible citizenship in a non-traditional degree program through a service-inclusive pedagogy 通过服务包容性教学法在非传统学位课程中培养负责任的公民意识
IF 1.9 Q2 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2023-01-23 DOI: 10.1177/14779714231153815
Kara A. Fulton, Audon Archibald, Cassie Hudson, J. Rogers, Scott Peecksen, T. Heap
A responsible citizen is someone who understands their role in the community and attempts to make a positive impact. Service-learning is one way to encourage responsible citizenship by asking students to engage with and reflect on their communities. This study explores student perceptions toward civic engagement in an undergraduate course focused on the multidisciplinary examination of social issues, with some sections incorporating service-learning pedagogy. Using a validated measure, changes among students were documented in six topic areas: civic action, interpersonal and problem-solving skills, political awareness, leadership skills, social justice attitudes, and diversity attitudes. Results were compared across sections with different service-learning requirements and delivery formats. Additionally, results were compared across students from diverse backgrounds, including age and race.
负责任的公民是指了解自己在社区中的角色并试图产生积极影响的人。服务学习是鼓励负责任的公民身份的一种方式,要求学生参与并反思他们的社区。这项研究探讨了学生在一门专注于社会问题多学科考试的本科生课程中对公民参与的看法,其中一些部分结合了服务学习教学法。通过一项经过验证的测量,记录了学生在六个主题领域的变化:公民行动、人际交往和解决问题的技能、政治意识、领导技能、社会正义态度和多样性态度。对不同服务学习要求和交付形式的部门的结果进行了比较。此外,还对来自不同背景(包括年龄和种族)的学生的成绩进行了比较。
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引用次数: 0
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Journal of Adult and Continuing Education
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