Pub Date : 2022-05-04DOI: 10.1080/19480881.2022.2111050
Md Mizanur Rahman
ABSTRACT The study attempted to identify the challenges and threats to coastal and marine conservation and assessed the effectiveness of the existing legal, policy, and institutional frameworks in this regard. This multidisciplinary research used both primary and secondary data. It was revealed that in the protected areas, both conservations and degradations go hand in hand, indicating the ineffectiveness of regulatory schemes. Ironically, many destructive activities like wetland poisoning, onslaught wildlife poaching, and clear felling of mangrove tree species threaten conservation initiatives in the coastal habitats. There is no specific law and policy which can effectively regulate marine and coastal resource management and conservation. Instead, many fragmented laws and policies created jurisdictional overlapping, followed by interest conflicts in most cases. The study recommends legal and institutional reforms to abolish jurisdictional overlapping and establish effective marine governance. The study proposed a model of an evidence-based national marine policy based on stakeholders’ perceptions.
{"title":"Effectiveness of the coastal and marine conservation initiatives in Bangladesh: analyzing the drawbacks of the legal, policy, and institutional framework","authors":"Md Mizanur Rahman","doi":"10.1080/19480881.2022.2111050","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/19480881.2022.2111050","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT\u0000 The study attempted to identify the challenges and threats to coastal and marine conservation and assessed the effectiveness of the existing legal, policy, and institutional frameworks in this regard. This multidisciplinary research used both primary and secondary data. It was revealed that in the protected areas, both conservations and degradations go hand in hand, indicating the ineffectiveness of regulatory schemes. Ironically, many destructive activities like wetland poisoning, onslaught wildlife poaching, and clear felling of mangrove tree species threaten conservation initiatives in the coastal habitats. There is no specific law and policy which can effectively regulate marine and coastal resource management and conservation. Instead, many fragmented laws and policies created jurisdictional overlapping, followed by interest conflicts in most cases. The study recommends legal and institutional reforms to abolish jurisdictional overlapping and establish effective marine governance. The study proposed a model of an evidence-based national marine policy based on stakeholders’ perceptions.","PeriodicalId":53974,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Indian Ocean Region","volume":"18 1","pages":"149 - 172"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2022-05-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47616893","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-05-04DOI: 10.1080/19480881.2022.2103881
Dhananjay Tripathi
{"title":"Geopolitics in the era of globalisation mapping an alternative future","authors":"Dhananjay Tripathi","doi":"10.1080/19480881.2022.2103881","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/19480881.2022.2103881","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":53974,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Indian Ocean Region","volume":"18 1","pages":"202 - 204"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2022-05-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44767213","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-05-04DOI: 10.1080/19480881.2022.2144005
S. Chaturvedi
{"title":"Chief Editor's editorial","authors":"S. Chaturvedi","doi":"10.1080/19480881.2022.2144005","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/19480881.2022.2144005","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":53974,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Indian Ocean Region","volume":"42 4","pages":"83 - 84"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2022-05-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41330994","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-05-04DOI: 10.1080/19480881.2022.2118196
Rajeev Ranjan Chaturvedy
ABSTRACT The Bay of Bengal region is strategically and economically important for a number of reasons, with its key location, abundant natural resources, but in addition to potentials also prone to vulnerabilities, including threats to marine spaces. These variables collectively affect the policies of littoral states surrounding the Bay. The interconnected destinies of the people in the Bay region, however, demand a comprehensive approach. The concept of a “blue economy” aims to recognise and address challenges to the health of the seas while also embracing the benefits associated with them. India’s approach to the Bay and her efforts to preserve, manage, and safeguard it, are examined in this article, with focus on a cooperative approach, through regional collaboration, under the rubric of the blue economy.
{"title":"Mapping India’s blue economy in the Bay of Bengal: opportunities and constraint","authors":"Rajeev Ranjan Chaturvedy","doi":"10.1080/19480881.2022.2118196","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/19480881.2022.2118196","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT The Bay of Bengal region is strategically and economically important for a number of reasons, with its key location, abundant natural resources, but in addition to potentials also prone to vulnerabilities, including threats to marine spaces. These variables collectively affect the policies of littoral states surrounding the Bay. The interconnected destinies of the people in the Bay region, however, demand a comprehensive approach. The concept of a “blue economy” aims to recognise and address challenges to the health of the seas while also embracing the benefits associated with them. India’s approach to the Bay and her efforts to preserve, manage, and safeguard it, are examined in this article, with focus on a cooperative approach, through regional collaboration, under the rubric of the blue economy.","PeriodicalId":53974,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Indian Ocean Region","volume":"18 1","pages":"99 - 115"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2022-05-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46605004","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-01-02DOI: 10.1080/19480881.2022.2054507
S. Haldar
ABSTRACT France's formal accession to the Indian Ocean Rim Association (IORA), underlining its recognition as multilaterally engaged resident power in the Indian Ocean, has been warmly endorsed by India. In the context of shifting geopolitical landscape, a systematic examination of the prospects of Indo-French synergy in the Indian Ocean Region (IOR), and the wider Indo-Pacific, becomes of immense value. Historically, defense cooperation has been a domain of robust engagement between the two countries. The contours of their relationship now have further prospects of expansion. This paper analyses various facets of growing Indo-French synergy in the IOR, and argues that challenges not withstanding, both are well placed to further broaden and deepen their cooperation in the wider Indo-Pacific.
{"title":"Mapping Indo-French synergy in the Indian Ocean Region: towards a calibrated Indo-Pacific","authors":"S. Haldar","doi":"10.1080/19480881.2022.2054507","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/19480881.2022.2054507","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT France's formal accession to the Indian Ocean Rim Association (IORA), underlining its recognition as multilaterally engaged resident power in the Indian Ocean, has been warmly endorsed by India. In the context of shifting geopolitical landscape, a systematic examination of the prospects of Indo-French synergy in the Indian Ocean Region (IOR), and the wider Indo-Pacific, becomes of immense value. Historically, defense cooperation has been a domain of robust engagement between the two countries. The contours of their relationship now have further prospects of expansion. This paper analyses various facets of growing Indo-French synergy in the IOR, and argues that challenges not withstanding, both are well placed to further broaden and deepen their cooperation in the wider Indo-Pacific.","PeriodicalId":53974,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Indian Ocean Region","volume":"18 1","pages":"21 - 35"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2022-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43956258","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-01-02DOI: 10.1080/19480881.2022.2070176
Lovisha Dhoomun, K. Hytten, P. Perry
ABSTRACT Tourism is the most important export-oriented economic activity in Mauritius. Climate change is predicted to exacerbate environmental degradation in coastal areas, where rapid tourism development is burdening the environmental attributes on which the island’s tourism depends. This research examines climate change risk perceptions among key stakeholders within the tourism sector in Mauritius. It also explores their perceptions of the public policies which guide the management of climate change, their policy preferences and the perceived barriers to an effective approach. The stakeholders consider climate change as being potentially catastrophic and as representing significant risks for tourism. However, the majority lacked awareness of climate change policies as well as the importance of adaptation in Mauritius, and viewed the current institutional approach as being inadequate or insufficient. Therefore, there is an imperative need for improved communication among tourism stakeholders and information about adaptation needs to be disseminated through sources perceived as being credible.
{"title":"Perceptions of climate change and climate change policies within the tourism sector in Mauritius","authors":"Lovisha Dhoomun, K. Hytten, P. Perry","doi":"10.1080/19480881.2022.2070176","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/19480881.2022.2070176","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Tourism is the most important export-oriented economic activity in Mauritius. Climate change is predicted to exacerbate environmental degradation in coastal areas, where rapid tourism development is burdening the environmental attributes on which the island’s tourism depends. This research examines climate change risk perceptions among key stakeholders within the tourism sector in Mauritius. It also explores their perceptions of the public policies which guide the management of climate change, their policy preferences and the perceived barriers to an effective approach. The stakeholders consider climate change as being potentially catastrophic and as representing significant risks for tourism. However, the majority lacked awareness of climate change policies as well as the importance of adaptation in Mauritius, and viewed the current institutional approach as being inadequate or insufficient. Therefore, there is an imperative need for improved communication among tourism stakeholders and information about adaptation needs to be disseminated through sources perceived as being credible.","PeriodicalId":53974,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Indian Ocean Region","volume":"18 1","pages":"36 - 59"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2022-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47961504","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-01-02DOI: 10.1080/19480881.2022.2070943
D. McDougall
{"title":"The Indian Ocean as a New Political and Security Region","authors":"D. McDougall","doi":"10.1080/19480881.2022.2070943","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/19480881.2022.2070943","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":53974,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Indian Ocean Region","volume":"18 1","pages":"75 - 77"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2022-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43489379","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-01-02DOI: 10.1080/19480881.2022.2054506
M. Ahmad
ABSTRACT The United Nations Convention on Law of the Sea regime makes it incumbent upon the capturing state to effectively prosecute the apprehended pirates as per their domestic laws. Many states, including India, have not developed piracy-related domestic legislation; therefore, the domestic courts face various substantive and procedural challenges during trial. Indian judiciary relies on various criminal law statues to prosecute maritime pirates, none of which defines piracy as a crime in India. The Indian government has recently introduced the Anti-Maritime Piracy Bill, 2019. This paper seeks to examine the prosecution of maritime pirates in India and identify the existing gaps within the legal framework. Further, this paper discusses the Anti-Maritime Piracy Bill, 2019 in detail to determine if it can achieve effective prosecution of maritime pirates by filling in the gaps of the current Indian criminal law regime.
{"title":"Prosecution of maritime pirates in India: a critical appraisal","authors":"M. Ahmad","doi":"10.1080/19480881.2022.2054506","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/19480881.2022.2054506","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT\u0000 The United Nations Convention on Law of the Sea regime makes it incumbent upon the capturing state to effectively prosecute the apprehended pirates as per their domestic laws. Many states, including India, have not developed piracy-related domestic legislation; therefore, the domestic courts face various substantive and procedural challenges during trial. Indian judiciary relies on various criminal law statues to prosecute maritime pirates, none of which defines piracy as a crime in India. The Indian government has recently introduced the Anti-Maritime Piracy Bill, 2019. This paper seeks to examine the prosecution of maritime pirates in India and identify the existing gaps within the legal framework. Further, this paper discusses the Anti-Maritime Piracy Bill, 2019 in detail to determine if it can achieve effective prosecution of maritime pirates by filling in the gaps of the current Indian criminal law regime.","PeriodicalId":53974,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Indian Ocean Region","volume":"18 1","pages":"60 - 74"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2022-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43975488","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-01-02DOI: 10.1080/19480881.2022.2054505
M. B. Huwaidin
ABSTRACT China and India have significant interests in the Gulf region. Their ties with the region are not limited to just the economic domain but, in fact, go beyond it to include the security and political domains. Consequently, to protect their interests, China and India have been pursuing various policies to engage with the region. These policies have been linked to their long-time spatial and positional rivalry in Asia. This article argues that the China–India rivalry in the Gulf region can be classified as a soft rather than hard rivalry. Unlike their rivalry in the Indian Ocean, seen as a hard rivalry, in which both powers are trying to contain and counter the power and presence of the other, the essence of their rivalry in the Gulf region is geared towards each power looking to strengthen its interest and not to directly undermine the interests of the other.
{"title":"China and India’s soft rivalry in the Gulf region","authors":"M. B. Huwaidin","doi":"10.1080/19480881.2022.2054505","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/19480881.2022.2054505","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT China and India have significant interests in the Gulf region. Their ties with the region are not limited to just the economic domain but, in fact, go beyond it to include the security and political domains. Consequently, to protect their interests, China and India have been pursuing various policies to engage with the region. These policies have been linked to their long-time spatial and positional rivalry in Asia. This article argues that the China–India rivalry in the Gulf region can be classified as a soft rather than hard rivalry. Unlike their rivalry in the Indian Ocean, seen as a hard rivalry, in which both powers are trying to contain and counter the power and presence of the other, the essence of their rivalry in the Gulf region is geared towards each power looking to strengthen its interest and not to directly undermine the interests of the other.","PeriodicalId":53974,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Indian Ocean Region","volume":"18 1","pages":"6 - 20"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2022-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41610928","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-01-02DOI: 10.1080/19480881.2022.2090128
S. Chaturvedi
to regional scales, climate change worsens the impacts on marine life of non-climate anthropogenic drivers, such as habitat degradation, marine pollution, over fi shing and overharvesting, nutrient enrichment, and introduction of non-indigenous species (very high con fi dence); Climate-driven impacts on ocean and coastal environments have caused measurable changes in speci fi c industries, economic losses, emotional harm, and altered cultural and recreational activities around the world (high con fi dence) (IPCC, 2022b, pp. 3 – 4).
{"title":"Growing focus on the Western Indian Ocean: evolving equations","authors":"S. Chaturvedi","doi":"10.1080/19480881.2022.2090128","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/19480881.2022.2090128","url":null,"abstract":"to regional scales, climate change worsens the impacts on marine life of non-climate anthropogenic drivers, such as habitat degradation, marine pollution, over fi shing and overharvesting, nutrient enrichment, and introduction of non-indigenous species (very high con fi dence); Climate-driven impacts on ocean and coastal environments have caused measurable changes in speci fi c industries, economic losses, emotional harm, and altered cultural and recreational activities around the world (high con fi dence) (IPCC, 2022b, pp. 3 – 4).","PeriodicalId":53974,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Indian Ocean Region","volume":"18 1","pages":"1 - 5"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2022-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42374266","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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