This article analyses the concept of the parallaxical identity within architecture, and its significance in identifying a metaphysical barrier between buildings, urban fabrics, and cognitive understanding. The research focuses and expands upon Slavoj Žižek’s parallax of postmodernist cultural architecture and it’s “zero-institutional” role in marginalising classstruggle and incommensurability between architecture and audience. Interrogating psychoanalytical parallax and architectural concepts of parallax in its history, it explains the determining of a “parallaxical identity of place,” present within cities and as a result of regeneration schemes. Through a design method examining an example of cultural architecture, this article presents a case to integrate psychoanalytical analysis as a useful design methodology within practice. At the end of the article, recommendations are made on how to observe and manage against any potential dissociative or psychological barrier between architecture, environment and community.
{"title":"OBSERVING PARALLAXICAL IDENTITIES OF PLACE IN ARCHITECTURE – ADOPTING ARCHITECTURAL AND PSYCHOANALYTICAL APPROACHES TO URBAN FABRICS","authors":"Louis D’Arcy-Reed","doi":"10.3846/jau.2019.9296","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3846/jau.2019.9296","url":null,"abstract":"This article analyses the concept of the parallaxical identity within architecture, and its significance in identifying a metaphysical barrier between buildings, urban fabrics, and cognitive understanding. The research focuses and expands upon Slavoj Žižek’s parallax of postmodernist cultural architecture and it’s “zero-institutional” role in marginalising classstruggle and incommensurability between architecture and audience. Interrogating psychoanalytical parallax and architectural concepts of parallax in its history, it explains the determining of a “parallaxical identity of place,” present within cities and as a result of regeneration schemes. Through a design method examining an example of cultural architecture, this article presents a case to integrate psychoanalytical analysis as a useful design methodology within practice. At the end of the article, recommendations are made on how to observe and manage against any potential dissociative or psychological barrier between architecture, environment and community.","PeriodicalId":53978,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Architecture and Urbanism","volume":"17 1","pages":"166-173"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2019-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84172308","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Progress is a frequently admired concept in modern societies, yet defining and achieving it requires renewed consideration in the context of sustainability and low-carbon living. This paper suggests that in China, the modern concept of progress came as a result of certain historical events in the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries when the country was trapped in crisis. This concept was useful in stimulating society at that time and contributed to the rapid development that followed, but whether it can still meet the new challenges of today’s China is questionable. Focusing on the discipline of architecture, this paper suggests that now is the time for a critical rethink of the concept of progress. There are valuable notions to be found in China’s history when addressing these challenges.
{"title":"REVIEWING THE NOTION OF PROGRESS IN THE QUEST FOR SUSTAINABILITY: THE EXAMPLE OF CHINESE ARCHITECTURE","authors":"Mengbi Li","doi":"10.3846/jau.2019.8820","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3846/jau.2019.8820","url":null,"abstract":"Progress is a frequently admired concept in modern societies, yet defining and achieving it requires renewed consideration in the context of sustainability and low-carbon living. This paper suggests that in China, the modern concept of progress came as a result of certain historical events in the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries when the country was trapped in crisis. This concept was useful in stimulating society at that time and contributed to the rapid development that followed, but whether it can still meet the new challenges of today’s China is questionable. Focusing on the discipline of architecture, this paper suggests that now is the time for a critical rethink of the concept of progress. There are valuable notions to be found in China’s history when addressing these challenges.","PeriodicalId":53978,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Architecture and Urbanism","volume":"40 1","pages":"174-180"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2019-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78088326","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Mahmoud N. Murad, M. Batırbaygil, Nuran Pilehavrian
This paper discusses Cordoba as one of the most iconic cities in human history and particularly in Europe. As part of the Andalusia region in southern Spain, Cordoba was the center of many conflicts that helped in shaping the European architecture and the urban fabric. Under the Umayyad rule, Cordoba was the largest and arguably most beautiful city in the World. However, the passage of time has not been very kind to it. Unfortunately, it has suffered from severely diminished of its historical and strategic value. This paper analysed Cordoba’s history through different ages. Then, we focused on the peak of the city when it was under the Islamic rule when it became the center for culture and arts. At the end, we analysed how the city has faced a drastic architectural transformation that was carried out by the Spanish when they took control of the city during the Spanish Reconquista. We found how different cultures and religions throughout history have affected the architectural layers of Cordoba. These layers have exposed either demolish, overlap or dominate of one layer over another layer. Finally, we realized that this conflict created present Cordoba; the strong cultural, economic, touristic center in Southern Spain.
{"title":"THE LAYERS OF CORDOBA: AN ANALYTICAL HISTORICAL STUDY FOR THE EFFECT OF RELIGION CONFLICT ON ARCHITECTURAL AND URBAN FEATURES","authors":"Mahmoud N. Murad, M. Batırbaygil, Nuran Pilehavrian","doi":"10.3846/jau.2019.10366","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3846/jau.2019.10366","url":null,"abstract":"This paper discusses Cordoba as one of the most iconic cities in human history and particularly in Europe. As part of the Andalusia region in southern Spain, Cordoba was the center of many conflicts that helped in shaping the European architecture and the urban fabric. Under the Umayyad rule, Cordoba was the largest and arguably most beautiful city in the World. However, the passage of time has not been very kind to it. Unfortunately, it has suffered from severely diminished of its historical and strategic value. This paper analysed Cordoba’s history through different ages. Then, we focused on the peak of the city when it was under the Islamic rule when it became the center for culture and arts. At the end, we analysed how the city has faced a drastic architectural transformation that was carried out by the Spanish when they took control of the city during the Spanish Reconquista. We found how different cultures and religions throughout history have affected the architectural layers of Cordoba. These layers have exposed either demolish, overlap or dominate of one layer over another layer. Finally, we realized that this conflict created present Cordoba; the strong cultural, economic, touristic center in Southern Spain.","PeriodicalId":53978,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Architecture and Urbanism","volume":"150 1","pages":"158-165"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2019-12-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77393028","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
With more than 60% of the world population living in urban areas, cities are becoming at the centre of attention in academic institutions and government organizations. However, there appears to be a continuous fragmentation in the types of knowledge developed where issues or concerns are always addressed in isolation and many factors critical to a comprehensive understanding of cities towards creating better urban environments are oversimplified at best or ignored at worst. Therefore, the thrust of this paper is to demonstrate the thought processes involved in instigating frameworks, raising questions, and establishing objectives for responsive city research. It aims to present two triadic agendas that untangle the essential components of city research; the first is the Lefebvrian triadic conception on the production of space and the second is the triadic perspective of lifestyles theories for understanding housing developments, typologies, and choices. Contextually, while the theoretical underpinnings of these agendas are developed based on a body of knowledge generated in the context of the Western world, their conceptualisation is adapted to grasp and examine key unique particularities of selected emerging (and globalised) Arab cities in the Gulf region. Calling for the need for a trans-disciplinary thinking paradigm for city research, the two agendas adopt an integrationist approach that is amenable to understanding the urban realities of these cities.
{"title":"INTEGRATIONIST TRIADIC AGENDAS FOR CITY RESEARCH:CASES FROM RECENT URBAN STUDIES","authors":"A. Salama","doi":"10.3846/jau.2019.11220","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3846/jau.2019.11220","url":null,"abstract":"With more than 60% of the world population living in urban areas, cities are becoming at the centre of attention in academic institutions and government organizations. However, there appears to be a continuous fragmentation in the types of knowledge developed where issues or concerns are always addressed in isolation and many factors critical to a comprehensive understanding of cities towards creating better urban environments are oversimplified at best or ignored at worst. Therefore, the thrust of this paper is to demonstrate the thought processes involved in instigating frameworks, raising questions, and establishing objectives for responsive city research. It aims to present two triadic agendas that untangle the essential components of city research; the first is the Lefebvrian triadic conception on the production of space and the second is the triadic perspective of lifestyles theories for understanding housing developments, typologies, and choices. Contextually, while the theoretical underpinnings of these agendas are developed based on a body of knowledge generated in the context of the Western world, their conceptualisation is adapted to grasp and examine key unique particularities of selected emerging (and globalised) Arab cities in the Gulf region. Calling for the need for a trans-disciplinary thinking paradigm for city research, the two agendas adopt an integrationist approach that is amenable to understanding the urban realities of these cities.","PeriodicalId":53978,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Architecture and Urbanism","volume":"21 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2019-11-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81427801","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
There are manifold benefits of an increase in pedestrian movement, both in regard to societal and to personal wellbeing, and walkability is considered a major goal in urban design. However, it is methodologically complicated to ascertain to what extent streetscape features relating to comfort and pleasurability influence pedestrian behavior. Our hypothesis is that pedestrians, at the neighborhood scale, prefer more attractive routes even if they are longer than other possible and equally safe routes to reach a certain destination, independently of the presence of amenities. As a case study, we selected Kunitachi, an attractive city in Tokyo Prefecture, thus adding to the body of non-western empirical research on pedestrian preferences. By comparing two Space Syntax betweenness simulations of pedestrian routes – compulsory and optional – with an actual counting of pedestrian frequency on site, and with behavioral observations, we have established that simulations according to the principle of “shortest route” considerably differ from actual pedestrian frequency. Only by allowing a certain detour leeway, simulations showed a less pronounced discrepancy with reality. While further research is needed to confirm our results, this enquiry has demonstrated that, attractive streetscape features are part of the reason why local residents prefer pleasant and comfortable routes over shorter ones
{"title":"ATTRACTIVE STREETSCAPE MAKING PEDESTRIANS WALK LONGER ROUTES: THE CASE OF KUNITACHI IN TOKYO","authors":"M. Capitanio","doi":"10.3846/jau.2019.10359","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3846/jau.2019.10359","url":null,"abstract":"There are manifold benefits of an increase in pedestrian movement, both in regard to societal and to personal wellbeing, and walkability is considered a major goal in urban design. However, it is methodologically complicated to ascertain to what extent streetscape features relating to comfort and pleasurability influence pedestrian behavior. Our hypothesis is that pedestrians, at the neighborhood scale, prefer more attractive routes even if they are longer than other possible and equally safe routes to reach a certain destination, independently of the presence of amenities. As a case study, we selected Kunitachi, an attractive city in Tokyo Prefecture, thus adding to the body of non-western empirical research on pedestrian preferences. By comparing two Space Syntax betweenness simulations of pedestrian routes – compulsory and optional – with an actual counting of pedestrian frequency on site, and with behavioral observations, we have established that simulations according to the principle of “shortest route” considerably differ from actual pedestrian frequency. Only by allowing a certain detour leeway, simulations showed a less pronounced discrepancy with reality. While further research is needed to confirm our results, this enquiry has demonstrated that, attractive streetscape features are part of the reason why local residents prefer pleasant and comfortable routes over shorter ones","PeriodicalId":53978,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Architecture and Urbanism","volume":"39 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2019-10-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86554520","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
In recent decades, the concept of existence is increasingly becoming a significant subject in contemporary studies of architecture. However, its concerns in architecture cannot be denied in the last centuries. In the 17th-century Persia, a philosophical movement had effects on the concept of existence, which coincided with the urban developments, and the establishment of novel civic centers. With respect to philosophical backgrounds of architecture, this study aims to interpret the concept of existence in the designs of civic centers. For this purpose, the primacy of existence to essence, and bestowing of presence are illustrated to analyze the presentations in the designs of civic centers in that era. Then, the presentations are categorized to elucidate manifesting units in the designs of civic centers. Finally, the result of this study presents principles applied in the designs of civic centers, based on the concept of existence
{"title":"PURSUING THE CONCEPT OF EXISTENCE IN THE DESIGNS OF CIVIC CENTERS: THE 17TH–18TH – CENTURY PERSIA","authors":"Mohammadhossein Shahani","doi":"10.3846/jau.2019.10365","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3846/jau.2019.10365","url":null,"abstract":"In recent decades, the concept of existence is increasingly becoming a significant subject in contemporary studies of architecture. However, its concerns in architecture cannot be denied in the last centuries. In the 17th-century Persia, a philosophical movement had effects on the concept of existence, which coincided with the urban developments, and the establishment of novel civic centers. With respect to philosophical backgrounds of architecture, this study aims to interpret the concept of existence in the designs of civic centers. For this purpose, the primacy of existence to essence, and bestowing of presence are illustrated to analyze the presentations in the designs of civic centers in that era. Then, the presentations are categorized to elucidate manifesting units in the designs of civic centers. Finally, the result of this study presents principles applied in the designs of civic centers, based on the concept of existence","PeriodicalId":53978,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Architecture and Urbanism","volume":"55 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2019-10-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80286200","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Contemporary cities are home to an increasing number of cyclists. The gaze behavior of cyclists has an important impact upon cyclist safety and experience. Yet this behavior has not been studied to access its potential implications for urban design. This study aims to identify the eye-gaze pattern of cyclists and to examine its potential relationships with urban environmental characteristics, such as a raised cycle track, physical separation, land use, and number of pedestrian. This study measured and analyzed 40 cyclist’s gaze patterns using an eye tracker; the results were as follows. First, cyclists presented a T-shaped gaze pattern with two spots of frequent eye fixation points; the pattern suggests that it may benefit cyclists with greater safety and better readiness of road situation to avoid crashes. Second, more active horizontal gaze dispersion within the T-shaped gaze pattern was observed when participants cycled on a shared and non-raised bikeway. This indicates that there is a more suitable gaze behavior with different gaze limitations depending on the environmental characteristics. Therefore, bicycle facilities need to be constructed according to the consideration of the T-shaped gaze area and the change in cyclists’ gaze behavior in each environment to increase the effectiveness of bicycle facilities.
{"title":"INVESTIGATING THE EFFECT OF A RAISED CYCLE TRACK, PHYSICAL SEPARATION, LAND USE AND NUMBER OF PEDESTRIAN ON CYCLISTS’ GAZE BEHAVIOR","authors":"Gukhwa Jang, Saehoon Kim","doi":"10.3846/JAU.2019.3786","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3846/JAU.2019.3786","url":null,"abstract":"Contemporary cities are home to an increasing number of cyclists. The gaze behavior of cyclists has an important impact upon cyclist safety and experience. Yet this behavior has not been studied to access its potential implications for urban design. This study aims to identify the eye-gaze pattern of cyclists and to examine its potential relationships with urban environmental characteristics, such as a raised cycle track, physical separation, land use, and number of pedestrian. This study measured and analyzed 40 cyclist’s gaze patterns using an eye tracker; the results were as follows. First, cyclists presented a T-shaped gaze pattern with two spots of frequent eye fixation points; the pattern suggests that it may benefit cyclists with greater safety and better readiness of road situation to avoid crashes. Second, more active horizontal gaze dispersion within the T-shaped gaze pattern was observed when participants cycled on a shared and non-raised bikeway. This indicates that there is a more suitable gaze behavior with different gaze limitations depending on the environmental characteristics. Therefore, bicycle facilities need to be constructed according to the consideration of the T-shaped gaze area and the change in cyclists’ gaze behavior in each environment to increase the effectiveness of bicycle facilities.","PeriodicalId":53978,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Architecture and Urbanism","volume":"81 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2019-07-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89003027","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Hesham Omran Elfartas, HA Albeera, I. Said, Job Momoh
Social interaction among diverse ethnic groups motivates people within communities to visit urban parks towards achieving social cohesion. Malaysians of different ethnic backgrounds spend their leisure time in urban parks because it offers opportunities for social interaction. The perception and requirement of attributes needed varies among the various ethnic groups of Malays, Chinese and Indians in order to be assured of their full utilization of the parks. This study investigates the urban park attributes that encourage the utilization of urban park by these three ethnic groups toward achieving social cohesion. Using a survey questionnaire method a total of 274 respondents were sampled at Batu Pahat urban parks in Johor, Malaysia. Afterwards, Structural Equation Modelling (SEM) was used to analyse and validate respondents’ perception of urban park utilization. The findings show that aesthetics, safety, lighting, maintenance and cleanliness in public spaces attracted people to visit the urban park and contributed towards social cohesion.
{"title":"IDENTIFYING CONTEXTUAL PREDICTORS OF URBAN PARK UTILIZATION AMONG INTER-ETHNIC GROUPS IN MALAYSIA","authors":"Hesham Omran Elfartas, HA Albeera, I. Said, Job Momoh","doi":"10.3846/JAU.2019.6982","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3846/JAU.2019.6982","url":null,"abstract":"Social interaction among diverse ethnic groups motivates people within communities to visit urban parks towards achieving social cohesion. Malaysians of different ethnic backgrounds spend their leisure time in urban parks because it offers opportunities for social interaction. The perception and requirement of attributes needed varies among the various ethnic groups of Malays, Chinese and Indians in order to be assured of their full utilization of the parks. This study investigates the urban park attributes that encourage the utilization of urban park by these three ethnic groups toward achieving social cohesion. Using a survey questionnaire method a total of 274 respondents were sampled at Batu Pahat urban parks in Johor, Malaysia. Afterwards, Structural Equation Modelling (SEM) was used to analyse and validate respondents’ perception of urban park utilization. The findings show that aesthetics, safety, lighting, maintenance and cleanliness in public spaces attracted people to visit the urban park and contributed towards social cohesion.","PeriodicalId":53978,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Architecture and Urbanism","volume":"180 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2019-07-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78566192","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Although the Pritzker Architecture Prize is prestigious and highly influential, it has not been the subject of any coherent studies to date. This research investigates the network of sponsors, the jury members influential on the nomination process, as well as the discourses dominant during each year of the prize. In the first section, we examine the network of sponsors using the bibliography method. In the second section, we study the contents of the annual jury citations using the content analysis method. The second section shows that each announcement contains four parts and various sub-parts. we compare the results of both sections to draw a content map of the various years of the prize. Finally, we attempted to evaluate the relationship between the jury members and their cooperation network with the discourses formed over time.
{"title":"DATA MINING AND CONTENT ANALYSIS OF THE JURY CITATIONS OF THE PRITZKER ARCHITECTURE PRIZE (1977–2017)","authors":"M. Mahdavinejad, Seyedmohammadreza Hosseini","doi":"10.3846/JAU.2019.5209","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3846/JAU.2019.5209","url":null,"abstract":"Although the Pritzker Architecture Prize is prestigious and highly influential, it has not been the subject of any coherent studies to date. This research investigates the network of sponsors, the jury members influential on the nomination process, as well as the discourses dominant during each year of the prize. In the first section, we examine the network of sponsors using the bibliography method. In the second section, we study the contents of the annual jury citations using the content analysis method. The second section shows that each announcement contains four parts and various sub-parts. we compare the results of both sections to draw a content map of the various years of the prize. Finally, we attempted to evaluate the relationship between the jury members and their cooperation network with the discourses formed over time.","PeriodicalId":53978,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Architecture and Urbanism","volume":"24 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2019-05-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"72796338","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Human has a dimension of knowledge named the tacit knowledge that the main important part of it is obtained through experience and direct connection with phenomena over time that turns into a pattern. Based on knowledge and intelligent use of it, the garden-house pattern appears to have an unbreakable bond with the nature and the understanding of both social and cultural rules of users. The research questions at first place discuss the role of tacit knowledge in shaping the architecture of garden-houses of Meybud and how this knowledge has appeared in architecture of garden-houses of Meybud. Qualitative research method and data collection method relies on library studies and field research. The results indicate that the patterns of housing in Meybud have shaped based on the recognition of two components of environment (the climate and natural context) and human (social norms), understanding of these two and applying them. The tacit knowledge and reliance on experiences is very influential and the garden-house pattern is institutionalized as the most sustainable pattern of architecture.
{"title":"The role of tacit knowledge in the formation and continuation of architectural patterns case study: garden-houses of Meybud, Iran","authors":"A. Danaeinia, Masoud Hodaei","doi":"10.3846/JAU.2019.5841","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3846/JAU.2019.5841","url":null,"abstract":"Human has a dimension of knowledge named the tacit knowledge that the main important part of it is obtained through experience and direct connection with phenomena over time that turns into a pattern. Based on knowledge and intelligent use of it, the garden-house pattern appears to have an unbreakable bond with the nature and the understanding of both social and cultural rules of users. The research questions at first place discuss the role of tacit knowledge in shaping the architecture of garden-houses of Meybud and how this knowledge has appeared in architecture of garden-houses of Meybud. Qualitative research method and data collection method relies on library studies and field research. The results indicate that the patterns of housing in Meybud have shaped based on the recognition of two components of environment (the climate and natural context) and human (social norms), understanding of these two and applying them. The tacit knowledge and reliance on experiences is very influential and the garden-house pattern is institutionalized as the most sustainable pattern of architecture.","PeriodicalId":53978,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Architecture and Urbanism","volume":"27 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2019-05-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74053045","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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