One of my favorite statements about decision-making was in Woody Allen‟s “My Speech to the Graduates” (1980): "More than at any other time in history, mankind faces a crossroads. One path leads to despair and utter hopelessness. The other, to total extinction. Let us pray we have the wisdom to choose correctly.” i Often enough our options in business ethical decision-making seem to range from the unpleasant to the tragic. But, as in the case of Woody Allen‟s speech, we may not be seeing all the possibilities.
{"title":"Application: Upgrading the Ethical Decision-Making Model for Business","authors":"D. Gill","doi":"10.5840/BPEJ20042348","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5840/BPEJ20042348","url":null,"abstract":"One of my favorite statements about decision-making was in Woody Allen‟s “My Speech to the Graduates” (1980): \"More than at any other time in history, mankind faces a crossroads. One path leads to despair and utter hopelessness. The other, to total extinction. Let us pray we have the wisdom to choose correctly.” i Often enough our options in business ethical decision-making seem to range from the unpleasant to the tragic. But, as in the case of Woody Allen‟s speech, we may not be seeing all the possibilities.","PeriodicalId":53983,"journal":{"name":"BUSINESS & PROFESSIONAL ETHICS JOURNAL","volume":"23 1","pages":"135-151"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2004-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71240263","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Perhaps nothing in business is more sacrosanct than the freedom of asso ciation implied in being able to choose one's business partners and associ ates. Indeed, this "freedom" seems almost to define business. It means that as long as one does not discriminate on the basis of gender, religion, and so on, one can hire, fire, and buy "at will." It comes with some surprise, then, that we find this freedom of association being undermined and attacked through moral arguments against downsizing. John Orlando argues that downsizing harms employees and, hence, is "very often morally wrong" (Orlando, 2003, p. 32). It is impossible to say beforehand exactly which acts of downsizing will be permissible because "business managers will need to examine the actual situations of their share holders and workers, as well as that of the company . ..." (p. 45). But, in general, Orlando thinks "an act of downsizing that prevents the collapse of the corporation can be justified ...," and perhaps no other (p. 45). Robert Miller argues that:
{"title":"The Morality of Corporate Downsizing","authors":"James A. Stieb","doi":"10.5840/BPEJ200423316","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5840/BPEJ200423316","url":null,"abstract":"Perhaps nothing in business is more sacrosanct than the freedom of asso ciation implied in being able to choose one's business partners and associ ates. Indeed, this \"freedom\" seems almost to define business. It means that as long as one does not discriminate on the basis of gender, religion, and so on, one can hire, fire, and buy \"at will.\" It comes with some surprise, then, that we find this freedom of association being undermined and attacked through moral arguments against downsizing. John Orlando argues that downsizing harms employees and, hence, is \"very often morally wrong\" (Orlando, 2003, p. 32). It is impossible to say beforehand exactly which acts of downsizing will be permissible because \"business managers will need to examine the actual situations of their share holders and workers, as well as that of the company . ...\" (p. 45). But, in general, Orlando thinks \"an act of downsizing that prevents the collapse of the corporation can be justified ...,\" and perhaps no other (p. 45). Robert Miller argues that:","PeriodicalId":53983,"journal":{"name":"BUSINESS & PROFESSIONAL ETHICS JOURNAL","volume":"23 1","pages":"61-76"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2004-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71239558","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Bridging Christian Ethics and Economic Life: How Theological Education Falls Short","authors":"John C. Knapp","doi":"10.5840/BPEJ20042345","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5840/BPEJ20042345","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":53983,"journal":{"name":"BUSINESS & PROFESSIONAL ETHICS JOURNAL","volume":"23 1","pages":"69-92"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2004-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71240127","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Work in the corporate world has always been problematical, from the inhu mane working conditions of factories early in the industrial revolution to the accounting scandals that fill the news today. Yet the modern corporation has also held great potential for good, both for the individual worker and society at large. Indeed, it is impossible to conceive of life today without the economic benefits of the corporation. This essay has as its aim to propose a work ethic for the corporate worker. Such a work ethic will need to be fleshed out in a context that in many ways resists it. It is beyond the scope of the present essay to explore these resistant forces in the contemporary corporate world, but they are well attested by corporate workers themselves, by those who interact with corpo rate workers, and by a body of published scholarship.1 The most salient problems related to work in the corporation include these: on the part of some, an anemic work ethic coexisting with an undervaluing of work; among these same people, a sense of alienation from corpo rate goals, often accompanied by resentment against the cor poration as employer; on the part of others, an overvaluing of work that takes the form of workaholism; a sacrifice of personal freedom and life interests to the cor porate machine;
{"title":"In Search of a Christian Work Ethic for the Corporate Worker","authors":"Leland Ryken","doi":"10.5840/BPEJ20042349","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5840/BPEJ20042349","url":null,"abstract":"Work in the corporate world has always been problematical, from the inhu mane working conditions of factories early in the industrial revolution to the accounting scandals that fill the news today. Yet the modern corporation has also held great potential for good, both for the individual worker and society at large. Indeed, it is impossible to conceive of life today without the economic benefits of the corporation. This essay has as its aim to propose a work ethic for the corporate worker. Such a work ethic will need to be fleshed out in a context that in many ways resists it. It is beyond the scope of the present essay to explore these resistant forces in the contemporary corporate world, but they are well attested by corporate workers themselves, by those who interact with corpo rate workers, and by a body of published scholarship.1 The most salient problems related to work in the corporation include these: on the part of some, an anemic work ethic coexisting with an undervaluing of work; among these same people, a sense of alienation from corpo rate goals, often accompanied by resentment against the cor poration as employer; on the part of others, an overvaluing of work that takes the form of workaholism; a sacrifice of personal freedom and life interests to the cor porate machine;","PeriodicalId":53983,"journal":{"name":"BUSINESS & PROFESSIONAL ETHICS JOURNAL","volume":"23 1","pages":"153-170"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2004-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71240276","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Guest Editor’s Introduction- Christian Perspectives on Business Ethics: Faith, Profit, and Decision Making","authors":"Kenneth R. Chase","doi":"10.5840/BPEJ20042341","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5840/BPEJ20042341","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":53983,"journal":{"name":"BUSINESS & PROFESSIONAL ETHICS JOURNAL","volume":"23 1","pages":"3-12"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2004-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71239920","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The development of a Christian perspective on the modern corporation is a timely and necessary endeavor. There is much to be gained by articulating the legitimate purposes, goals, and activities of corporations from this perspective. A thoughtful Christian "theology of the corporation" can go far in giving general ethical guidelines to policy makers, business practitioners, investors, and those who deal primarily with business entities as consumers. Forming more specific aspects of such a perspective is, however, a difficult task. This is especially the case given the fact that the Christian Scriptures do not speak directly about modern corporations, which are often owned by distant and widely dispersed shareholders.1 In the absence of direct guidance, Christians are then primarily left with the task of deducing more general paradigmatic level guidelines. One group whose voices (often divergent) could play a significant role in the construction of such paradigms is Christian corporate executives of secular corporations. In order to avoid detached "ivory tower" reflection, the perspectives of these executives could be seen as a necessary complement to the work of theologians and biblical scholars. As members of the laity whose "lived experience" involves negotiating the terrain of a fallen world that is often riddled with factual ambiguity and competing moral interests,
{"title":"Analyzing and Responding to Different Christian Views of the Corporation","authors":"A. Erisman, D. Daniels, Kenman L. Wong","doi":"10.5840/BPEJ20042346","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5840/BPEJ20042346","url":null,"abstract":"The development of a Christian perspective on the modern corporation is a timely and necessary endeavor. There is much to be gained by articulating the legitimate purposes, goals, and activities of corporations from this perspective. A thoughtful Christian \"theology of the corporation\" can go far in giving general ethical guidelines to policy makers, business practitioners, investors, and those who deal primarily with business entities as consumers. Forming more specific aspects of such a perspective is, however, a difficult task. This is especially the case given the fact that the Christian Scriptures do not speak directly about modern corporations, which are often owned by distant and widely dispersed shareholders.1 In the absence of direct guidance, Christians are then primarily left with the task of deducing more general paradigmatic level guidelines. One group whose voices (often divergent) could play a significant role in the construction of such paradigms is Christian corporate executives of secular corporations. In order to avoid detached \"ivory tower\" reflection, the perspectives of these executives could be seen as a necessary complement to the work of theologians and biblical scholars. As members of the laity whose \"lived experience\" involves negotiating the terrain of a fallen world that is often riddled with factual ambiguity and competing moral interests,","PeriodicalId":53983,"journal":{"name":"BUSINESS & PROFESSIONAL ETHICS JOURNAL","volume":"23 1","pages":"93-114"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2004-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71240134","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Regulation Fair Disclosure or Reg FD curbs selective disclosures by corporate boards and executives of material, nonpublic information to favorite research analysts or portfolio managers prior to giving information to the general public. Although, it does not require companies to disclose any material information in excess of the requirements of existing securities laws, the disclosure must be done publicly rather than to selected market participants.
{"title":"After Seven Decades of Regulation, Why is the Auditing Profession in Such a Mess?","authors":"K. Jamal","doi":"10.5840/BPEJ2004231/224","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5840/BPEJ2004231/224","url":null,"abstract":"Regulation Fair Disclosure or Reg FD curbs selective disclosures by corporate boards and executives of material, nonpublic information to favorite research analysts or portfolio managers prior to giving information to the general public. Although, it does not require companies to disclose any material information in excess of the requirements of existing securities laws, the disclosure must be done publicly rather than to selected market participants.","PeriodicalId":53983,"journal":{"name":"BUSINESS & PROFESSIONAL ETHICS JOURNAL","volume":"23 1","pages":"65-92"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2004-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71239705","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
When first reading the title of the conference at which this paper was pre sented?"Ethics in the Financial Services After Sarbanes-Oxley"?the industry practitioner may be drawn to the subject in various ways. For some, especially those with extensive years of service, experience may lead one to the simple, yet immensely powerful belief that if you do right, you will do well. Though it may take more time to achieve the desired results, with the right design, organizational support, and staying power, the benefits can ultimately accrue and be more powerful and self-sustaining. For others who have studied ethics at both the theoretical and practical levels, there may be the focused goal of applying those lessons in the workplace. Often this is done through the crafting of workplace education programs that make ethics an integral and seamless part of the curriculum, irrespective of the subject being taught. Finally, and on a far more personal level, there are the underpinnings of the moral exemplar and the impact of one's actions on those with whom we come in contact, or who view us from afar. For it is through action that the ultimate tests of one's convictions are displayed for all the world to see.
{"title":"Sarbanes-Oxley and the Compliance Ethics Quandary: A Practitioner’s View","authors":"R. Krug","doi":"10.5840/BPEJ2004231/228","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5840/BPEJ2004231/228","url":null,"abstract":"When first reading the title of the conference at which this paper was pre sented?\"Ethics in the Financial Services After Sarbanes-Oxley\"?the industry practitioner may be drawn to the subject in various ways. For some, especially those with extensive years of service, experience may lead one to the simple, yet immensely powerful belief that if you do right, you will do well. Though it may take more time to achieve the desired results, with the right design, organizational support, and staying power, the benefits can ultimately accrue and be more powerful and self-sustaining. For others who have studied ethics at both the theoretical and practical levels, there may be the focused goal of applying those lessons in the workplace. Often this is done through the crafting of workplace education programs that make ethics an integral and seamless part of the curriculum, irrespective of the subject being taught. Finally, and on a far more personal level, there are the underpinnings of the moral exemplar and the impact of one's actions on those with whom we come in contact, or who view us from afar. For it is through action that the ultimate tests of one's convictions are displayed for all the world to see.","PeriodicalId":53983,"journal":{"name":"BUSINESS & PROFESSIONAL ETHICS JOURNAL","volume":"23 1","pages":"189-199"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2004-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71239350","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Individual Responsibility in the American Corporation System: Does Sarbanes-Oxley Strike the Right Balance?","authors":"J. Boatright","doi":"10.5840/BPEJ2004231/222","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5840/BPEJ2004231/222","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":53983,"journal":{"name":"BUSINESS & PROFESSIONAL ETHICS JOURNAL","volume":"23 1","pages":"9-41"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2004-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71239797","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A student came to Protagoras to learn the law. Protagoras of fered the following arrangement: The student would pay Protag oras when the student had won his first case in the courts. As soon as the student agreed, Protagoras took the student to court suing for payment on the following grounds: If Protagoras as the plantiff won the case, the student would have to pay Protagoras. If Protagoras lost the case, the student would have won his first case and would owe Protagoras the money on the basis of the agreement. Either way, Protagoras should be paid. The student, being a quick read, argued the contrary. If the student won the case, he would not have to pay Protagoras by the ruling of the court. If he lost the case, he still would not have won his first case, and would not have to pay Protagoras, on the basis of the contract.2
{"title":"The Corruption of Financial Markets: System Inevitability or Aberration?","authors":"Ronald F. Duska","doi":"10.5840/BPEJ2004231/230","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5840/BPEJ2004231/230","url":null,"abstract":"A student came to Protagoras to learn the law. Protagoras of fered the following arrangement: The student would pay Protag oras when the student had won his first case in the courts. As soon as the student agreed, Protagoras took the student to court suing for payment on the following grounds: If Protagoras as the plantiff won the case, the student would have to pay Protagoras. If Protagoras lost the case, the student would have won his first case and would owe Protagoras the money on the basis of the agreement. Either way, Protagoras should be paid. The student, being a quick read, argued the contrary. If the student won the case, he would not have to pay Protagoras by the ruling of the court. If he lost the case, he still would not have won his first case, and would not have to pay Protagoras, on the basis of the contract.2","PeriodicalId":53983,"journal":{"name":"BUSINESS & PROFESSIONAL ETHICS JOURNAL","volume":"23 1","pages":"223-244"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2004-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71239369","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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