Pub Date : 2026-02-02DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.5c05825
Qiang Zhao, Ye Ai
Accurate characterization of nanoparticles and extracellular vesicles is essential for nanotechnology, biomedical research, and diagnostic applications. Here, we present an impedance-based submicrofluidic analysis (ISMA) system that integrates a submicrochannel with a double differential electrode configuration to enable label-free, high-resolution nanoscale particle measurement. The double differential design, combined with wavelet filtering, significantly reduces electrical noise and produces a clear, analyzable signal waveform. The ISMA system was validated by using polystyrene nanoparticles, achieving a 50 nm detection limit with results that closely matched scanning electron microscopy (SEM) measurements. Compared with nanoparticle tracking analysis (NTA), ISMA exhibited higher measurement accuracy. The ISMA can also characterize exosomes from MDA-MB-231 cells and distinguish them from similar-sized synthetic particles in mixtures. These findings indicate that the ISMA system provides a powerful and scalable approach for precise size and concentration analysis of nanoparticles and extracellular vesicles, with broad potential in biomedical research and nanodiagnostics.
{"title":"Label-Free Nanoparticle Characterization via Electrical Impedance-Based Submicrofluidic Analysis","authors":"Qiang Zhao, Ye Ai","doi":"10.1021/acs.nanolett.5c05825","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.nanolett.5c05825","url":null,"abstract":"Accurate characterization of nanoparticles and extracellular vesicles is essential for nanotechnology, biomedical research, and diagnostic applications. Here, we present an impedance-based submicrofluidic analysis (ISMA) system that integrates a submicrochannel with a double differential electrode configuration to enable label-free, high-resolution nanoscale particle measurement. The double differential design, combined with wavelet filtering, significantly reduces electrical noise and produces a clear, analyzable signal waveform. The ISMA system was validated by using polystyrene nanoparticles, achieving a 50 nm detection limit with results that closely matched scanning electron microscopy (SEM) measurements. Compared with nanoparticle tracking analysis (NTA), ISMA exhibited higher measurement accuracy. The ISMA can also characterize exosomes from MDA-MB-231 cells and distinguish them from similar-sized synthetic particles in mixtures. These findings indicate that the ISMA system provides a powerful and scalable approach for precise size and concentration analysis of nanoparticles and extracellular vesicles, with broad potential in biomedical research and nanodiagnostics.","PeriodicalId":53,"journal":{"name":"Nano Letters","volume":"37 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":10.8,"publicationDate":"2026-02-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146098060","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-02-02DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.5c05157
An Song,Qing Wang,Bo-Yu Liu,Qi-Chao Yang,Zi-Yan Hu,Heng-Tao Lei,Xiao-Long Zhang,Fang-Ling Gao,Wu-Yin Wang,Meng-Jie Zhang,Shuo Wang,Tian-Fu Wu,Liang Zhang,Zhi-Jun Sun
Chemoresistance remains a major barrier to effective cancer treatment, leading to tumor recurrence and high mortality. Developing strategies to combat chemoresistant tumors is therefore an urgent challenge. Here, we report a covalent organic framework (COF) nanomedicine, 3N-DPQ-COF, designed to target chemoresistant cancers. Mechanistic studies reveal that 3N-DPQ-COF accumulates efficiently in resistant tumor cells and suppresses cancer stemness in 4T1 and CT26 models, outperforming doxorubicin. Moreover, 3N-DPQ-COF promotes CD8+ T-cell infiltration and reduces the number of immunosuppressive erythroid progenitor cells and myeloid-derived suppressor cells, thereby remodeling the tumor microenvironment (TME) and inducing GSDME-dependent pyroptosis. Remarkably, even without checkpoint blockade, 3N-DPQ-COF suppresses metastasis and recurrence in chemoresistant 4T1 tumors, achieving >90% tumor inhibition and cure rates exceeding 80%. This study highlights the potential of AIEgen-based COF nanomedicines for overcoming chemoresistance through concurrent modulation of tumor stemness, pyroptosis, and immune activation.
{"title":"Overcoming Chemoresistance via an AIEgen-Based Covalent Organic Framework","authors":"An Song,Qing Wang,Bo-Yu Liu,Qi-Chao Yang,Zi-Yan Hu,Heng-Tao Lei,Xiao-Long Zhang,Fang-Ling Gao,Wu-Yin Wang,Meng-Jie Zhang,Shuo Wang,Tian-Fu Wu,Liang Zhang,Zhi-Jun Sun","doi":"10.1021/acs.nanolett.5c05157","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.nanolett.5c05157","url":null,"abstract":"Chemoresistance remains a major barrier to effective cancer treatment, leading to tumor recurrence and high mortality. Developing strategies to combat chemoresistant tumors is therefore an urgent challenge. Here, we report a covalent organic framework (COF) nanomedicine, 3N-DPQ-COF, designed to target chemoresistant cancers. Mechanistic studies reveal that 3N-DPQ-COF accumulates efficiently in resistant tumor cells and suppresses cancer stemness in 4T1 and CT26 models, outperforming doxorubicin. Moreover, 3N-DPQ-COF promotes CD8+ T-cell infiltration and reduces the number of immunosuppressive erythroid progenitor cells and myeloid-derived suppressor cells, thereby remodeling the tumor microenvironment (TME) and inducing GSDME-dependent pyroptosis. Remarkably, even without checkpoint blockade, 3N-DPQ-COF suppresses metastasis and recurrence in chemoresistant 4T1 tumors, achieving >90% tumor inhibition and cure rates exceeding 80%. This study highlights the potential of AIEgen-based COF nanomedicines for overcoming chemoresistance through concurrent modulation of tumor stemness, pyroptosis, and immune activation.","PeriodicalId":53,"journal":{"name":"Nano Letters","volume":"115 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":10.8,"publicationDate":"2026-02-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146098064","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The i-motif, a crucial noncanonical DNA structure, is prevalent in gene regulatory regions, yet its dynamics is challenging to probe. Here, we employ a wild-type α-hemolysin nanopore (α-HL) to sense the folding of a human telomeric i-motif. We demonstrate two distinct sensing paradigms: reversible i-motif collisions at the nanopore’s β-barrel, producing transient current signatures, versus vestibule-first entry, yielding quasi-permanent blockades. The collision mode enables continuous i-motif dynamics monitoring, while vestibule entrapment provides ground for resolving pH-dependent volumetric changes in nanoconfinement with ∼nm3 resolution. We show that a short 6-mer peptide nucleic acid (PNA) complementary to the C-rich strand acts as a reversible antisense switch, capable of controllably invading and destabilizing the i-motif─an effect that is particularly pronounced when PNA binding precedes pH-induced folding. This work establishes a powerful single-molecule tool for investigating i-motif interactions and highlights new design principles for therapeutic PNAs by targeting i-motif-mediated regulatory structures.
{"title":"Nanopore-Based, Real-Time Single-Molecule Probing of i-Motif Structural Dynamics and Targeted PNA Disruption","authors":"Adina Cimpanu,Jonggwan Park,Loredana Mereuta,Yoonkyung Park,Tudor Luchian","doi":"10.1021/acs.nanolett.5c06277","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.nanolett.5c06277","url":null,"abstract":"The i-motif, a crucial noncanonical DNA structure, is prevalent in gene regulatory regions, yet its dynamics is challenging to probe. Here, we employ a wild-type α-hemolysin nanopore (α-HL) to sense the folding of a human telomeric i-motif. We demonstrate two distinct sensing paradigms: reversible i-motif collisions at the nanopore’s β-barrel, producing transient current signatures, versus vestibule-first entry, yielding quasi-permanent blockades. The collision mode enables continuous i-motif dynamics monitoring, while vestibule entrapment provides ground for resolving pH-dependent volumetric changes in nanoconfinement with ∼nm3 resolution. We show that a short 6-mer peptide nucleic acid (PNA) complementary to the C-rich strand acts as a reversible antisense switch, capable of controllably invading and destabilizing the i-motif─an effect that is particularly pronounced when PNA binding precedes pH-induced folding. This work establishes a powerful single-molecule tool for investigating i-motif interactions and highlights new design principles for therapeutic PNAs by targeting i-motif-mediated regulatory structures.","PeriodicalId":53,"journal":{"name":"Nano Letters","volume":"79 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":10.8,"publicationDate":"2026-02-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146097887","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-02-02DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.5c06426
Peng Zheng, Steve Semancik, Ishan Barman
Surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) possesses molecular specificity and single-molecule sensitivity. Yet, intensity-based SERS assays are vulnerable to nontarget analyte-induced intensity fluctuations, while frequency-shift-based SERS assays are constrained by the instrument’s spectral resolution, limiting the translational quantitative applications of SERS. Herein, we introduce a stochastic colloidal plasmon-enhanced spectral sampling (SCOPE) strategy for spectral super-resolution SERS spectroscopy. Through large-scale stochastic spectral sampling in a chemically homogeneous, spectrally dynamic colloidal solution containing plasmonic nanoparticles and analyte molecules, we obtain an empirical approximation of the probability density function of the sample’s spectral response. This enables accurate estimation of the true peak center with subresolution precision through Gaussian histogram fitting. Building on SCOPE, we develop a spectrally super-resolved colloidal SERS immunoassay for multiplexed detection of a panel of protein biomarkers spanning endocrine, cardiovascular, and hemostatic conditions. We believe this study paves the way for spectrally super-resolved spectroscopic applications in a variety of analytical domains.
{"title":"Spectral Super-Resolution Colloidal SERS Spectroscopy for Multiplexed Detection of Protein Biomarkers","authors":"Peng Zheng, Steve Semancik, Ishan Barman","doi":"10.1021/acs.nanolett.5c06426","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.nanolett.5c06426","url":null,"abstract":"Surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) possesses molecular specificity and single-molecule sensitivity. Yet, intensity-based SERS assays are vulnerable to nontarget analyte-induced intensity fluctuations, while frequency-shift-based SERS assays are constrained by the instrument’s spectral resolution, limiting the translational quantitative applications of SERS. Herein, we introduce a stochastic colloidal plasmon-enhanced spectral sampling (SCOPE) strategy for spectral super-resolution SERS spectroscopy. Through large-scale stochastic spectral sampling in a chemically homogeneous, spectrally dynamic colloidal solution containing plasmonic nanoparticles and analyte molecules, we obtain an empirical approximation of the probability density function of the sample’s spectral response. This enables accurate estimation of the true peak center with subresolution precision through Gaussian histogram fitting. Building on SCOPE, we develop a spectrally super-resolved colloidal SERS immunoassay for multiplexed detection of a panel of protein biomarkers spanning endocrine, cardiovascular, and hemostatic conditions. We believe this study paves the way for spectrally super-resolved spectroscopic applications in a variety of analytical domains.","PeriodicalId":53,"journal":{"name":"Nano Letters","volume":"8 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":10.8,"publicationDate":"2026-02-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146098010","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-02-02DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.5c05464
Andrei S. Draguicevic, Guodong Ren, Lauren Peck, Orlando Salguero, Sonder Wilson, Juan Carlos Idrobo, Alexandra Velian
Black phosphorus (bP), a two-dimensional van der Waals material with a phosphine-like basal plane, offers a promising but underexplored platform for surface organometallic chemistry. Here we demonstrate the first dual organometallic functionalization of bP using two chemically orthogonal protocols applied sequentially: (i) direct coordination of Re(CO)3Cl to the bP surface and (ii) tethering Re or Ru complexes via ortho-quinone anchors. Together, these strategies establish bP as a versatile platform for programmable, molecularly precise, multimetal architectures.
{"title":"Dual Metal Complex Functionalization of Black Phosphorus","authors":"Andrei S. Draguicevic, Guodong Ren, Lauren Peck, Orlando Salguero, Sonder Wilson, Juan Carlos Idrobo, Alexandra Velian","doi":"10.1021/acs.nanolett.5c05464","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.nanolett.5c05464","url":null,"abstract":"Black phosphorus (bP), a two-dimensional van der Waals material with a phosphine-like basal plane, offers a promising but underexplored platform for surface organometallic chemistry. Here we demonstrate the first dual organometallic functionalization of bP using two chemically orthogonal protocols applied sequentially: (i) direct coordination of Re(CO)<sub>3</sub>Cl to the bP surface and (ii) tethering Re or Ru complexes via <i>ortho-</i>quinone anchors. Together, these strategies establish bP as a versatile platform for programmable, molecularly precise, multimetal architectures.","PeriodicalId":53,"journal":{"name":"Nano Letters","volume":"8 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":10.8,"publicationDate":"2026-02-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146098062","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-02-02DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.5c06523
Liyang Wang, Zhe Tan, Jie Zheng, Haozhe Kang, Chun-Ran Chang, Bo Huang
Correction The authors request a correction to the author list of the original publication. The equal contribution designation (∇) for the first two authors, Liyang Wang and Zhe Tan, was inadvertently omitted in the final published version. The correct attribution should state that Liyang Wang and Zhe Tan contributed equally to this work. (Liyang Wang, Zhe Tan) These authors contributed equally to this work. This article has not yet been cited by other publications.
{"title":"Correction to “Controlling NOx Reduction Pathways of Rh Catalysts with Oxygen-Vacancy-Rich ZnO1–x Nanoparticles Derived from Metal–Organic Framework”","authors":"Liyang Wang, Zhe Tan, Jie Zheng, Haozhe Kang, Chun-Ran Chang, Bo Huang","doi":"10.1021/acs.nanolett.5c06523","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.nanolett.5c06523","url":null,"abstract":"<b>Correction</b> The authors request a correction to the author list of the original publication. The equal contribution designation (∇) for the first two authors, Liyang Wang and Zhe Tan, was inadvertently omitted in the final published version. The correct attribution should state that Liyang Wang and Zhe Tan contributed equally to this work. (Liyang Wang, Zhe Tan) These authors contributed equally to this work. This article has not yet been cited by other publications.","PeriodicalId":53,"journal":{"name":"Nano Letters","volume":"42 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":10.8,"publicationDate":"2026-02-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146098065","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-02-02DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.5c06094
Pengcheng Zhao,Haihong Bao,Hoi Lut Ho,Shuangxiang Zhao,Wei Jin
Optical nanofibers (ONF) have emerged as versatile platforms for studying light-gas interactions at the micro/nanoscale, yet existing ONF gas sensors remain limited in detection sensitivity. Here, we report a polarization-mode photothermal interferometry technique that precisely measures the gas absorption-induced phase difference between two polarization states of the symmetric supermode of a single-mode ONF coupler. The high power density and large evanescent field associated with the ONF coupler enhance the efficiency of photothermal phase modulation, while the strong waveguide birefringence and noise-immune differential phase detection confer environmental immunity, jointly yielding an order-of-magnitude enhancement in the signal-to-noise ratio. With a 2 cm-long overcoupled ONF coupler, we achieved an acetylene detection limit of 6 ppb and an instability below ± 1.2% over 30 h. This compact ONF gas sensor, based on standard fused directional coupler technology, provides a promising route toward cost-effective and high-performance solutions for environmental monitoring and industrial applications.
{"title":"Ultrasensitive Gas Detection via Polarization-Mode Photothermal Interferometry in a Single-Mode Nanofiber Coupler","authors":"Pengcheng Zhao,Haihong Bao,Hoi Lut Ho,Shuangxiang Zhao,Wei Jin","doi":"10.1021/acs.nanolett.5c06094","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.nanolett.5c06094","url":null,"abstract":"Optical nanofibers (ONF) have emerged as versatile platforms for studying light-gas interactions at the micro/nanoscale, yet existing ONF gas sensors remain limited in detection sensitivity. Here, we report a polarization-mode photothermal interferometry technique that precisely measures the gas absorption-induced phase difference between two polarization states of the symmetric supermode of a single-mode ONF coupler. The high power density and large evanescent field associated with the ONF coupler enhance the efficiency of photothermal phase modulation, while the strong waveguide birefringence and noise-immune differential phase detection confer environmental immunity, jointly yielding an order-of-magnitude enhancement in the signal-to-noise ratio. With a 2 cm-long overcoupled ONF coupler, we achieved an acetylene detection limit of 6 ppb and an instability below ± 1.2% over 30 h. This compact ONF gas sensor, based on standard fused directional coupler technology, provides a promising route toward cost-effective and high-performance solutions for environmental monitoring and industrial applications.","PeriodicalId":53,"journal":{"name":"Nano Letters","volume":"99 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":10.8,"publicationDate":"2026-02-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146098013","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
DNA-functionalized nanoparticles assemble into ordered colloidal superlattices via programmable DNA hybridization, yet excessively strong interparticle binding frequently results in kinetic trapping, necessitating stringent thermal annealing protocols. Herein, we report a peptide-mediated strategy employing glycylglycine (Gly-Gly) to precisely modulate DNA–DNA interactions, thereby enabling the room-temperature fabrication of high-quality DNA-AuNP superlattices. Gly-Gly moderately destabilizes DNA duplexes by modulating Na+ ion exclusion and migration, thereby suppressing the formation of metastable aggregates and facilitating structural reorganization to achieve maximized nearest-neighbor DNA–DNA contacts. Using this strategy, BCC, FCC, and AlB2-type lattices are successfully fabricated, including architectures that feature the strongest DNA sticky-end interactions reported to date, which remain inaccessible under conventional thermal annealing protocols. This work establishes a robust, operationally simple, and broadly applicable approach to kinetic control of colloidal crystallization, thereby expanding the programmable phase space of DNA-encoded nanoparticle superlattices.
{"title":"Gly-Gly-Mediated Assembly of Higher-Quality Nanoparticle Supercrystals at Room Temperature","authors":"Jianing Zhang, Dongbao Yao, Jing Jin, Wenqiang Hua, Wei Jiang","doi":"10.1021/acs.nanolett.5c05631","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.nanolett.5c05631","url":null,"abstract":"DNA-functionalized nanoparticles assemble into ordered colloidal superlattices via programmable DNA hybridization, yet excessively strong interparticle binding frequently results in kinetic trapping, necessitating stringent thermal annealing protocols. Herein, we report a peptide-mediated strategy employing glycylglycine (Gly-Gly) to precisely modulate DNA–DNA interactions, thereby enabling the room-temperature fabrication of high-quality DNA-AuNP superlattices. Gly-Gly moderately destabilizes DNA duplexes by modulating Na<sup>+</sup> ion exclusion and migration, thereby suppressing the formation of metastable aggregates and facilitating structural reorganization to achieve maximized nearest-neighbor DNA–DNA contacts. Using this strategy, BCC, FCC, and AlB<sub>2</sub>-type lattices are successfully fabricated, including architectures that feature the strongest DNA sticky-end interactions reported to date, which remain inaccessible under conventional thermal annealing protocols. This work establishes a robust, operationally simple, and broadly applicable approach to kinetic control of colloidal crystallization, thereby expanding the programmable phase space of DNA-encoded nanoparticle superlattices.","PeriodicalId":53,"journal":{"name":"Nano Letters","volume":"99 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":10.8,"publicationDate":"2026-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146098068","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-02-01DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.5c06015
Pan Fu, Ling Xin, Sihua Qian, Yuhui Wang, Li Wang, Jianping Zheng, Kaizhe Wang
Self-assembled DNA crystals provide highly ordered three-dimensional frameworks with nanoscale precision for advanced functional materials. However, conventional concentration gradient-driven droplet crystallization in open environments suffers from poorly controlled supersaturation, laborious operation, and heterogeneous products. Here, we report a homogeneous solution strategy for DNA crystal assembly in a closed test tube through base sequence regulation and chemical modification. Rational tuning of the base composition of DNA building blocks and sticky-end 5′-phosphorylation modification enables rapid crystallization within 2 h with relatively uniform crystal sizes. Additionally, phosphorothioate backbone modification enables the assembly of large-sized DNA crystals in a homogeneous environment. Due to the fully enclosed and compositionally uniform reaction environment, this strategy affords highly reproducible control over the crystal size and morphology across batches. This homogeneous solution-based crystallization platform provides a general route to DNA crystalline materials, laying a materials foundation for the construction of functional devices.
{"title":"Molecularly Encoded Regulation of DNA Self-Assembly Crystallization in a Closed Homogeneous Solution System","authors":"Pan Fu, Ling Xin, Sihua Qian, Yuhui Wang, Li Wang, Jianping Zheng, Kaizhe Wang","doi":"10.1021/acs.nanolett.5c06015","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.nanolett.5c06015","url":null,"abstract":"Self-assembled DNA crystals provide highly ordered three-dimensional frameworks with nanoscale precision for advanced functional materials. However, conventional concentration gradient-driven droplet crystallization in open environments suffers from poorly controlled supersaturation, laborious operation, and heterogeneous products. Here, we report a homogeneous solution strategy for DNA crystal assembly in a closed test tube through base sequence regulation and chemical modification. Rational tuning of the base composition of DNA building blocks and sticky-end 5′-phosphorylation modification enables rapid crystallization within 2 h with relatively uniform crystal sizes. Additionally, phosphorothioate backbone modification enables the assembly of large-sized DNA crystals in a homogeneous environment. Due to the fully enclosed and compositionally uniform reaction environment, this strategy affords highly reproducible control over the crystal size and morphology across batches. This homogeneous solution-based crystallization platform provides a general route to DNA crystalline materials, laying a materials foundation for the construction of functional devices.","PeriodicalId":53,"journal":{"name":"Nano Letters","volume":"82 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":10.8,"publicationDate":"2026-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146098067","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-02-01DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.5c06182
Yosep Park, Yungyeong Park, Hyeonseok Choi, Subeen Lim, Yeonghun Lee
Large-scale quantum computing requires cryogenic electronic controllers such as control/readout and routing circuits. However, current technologies face high-power dissipation problems, hindering large-scale qubit integration. Here, we theoretically propose extremely low-power cryogenic topological transistors, i.e., negative-capacitance topological insulator field-effect transistors (NC-TIFETs). By combining a gate-field-induced two-dimensional 1T′-molybdenum disulfide (MoS2) topological channel with a hafnium–zirconium oxide (HZO) ferroelectric gate insulator, NC-TIFETs exhibit an extremely steep-slope transfer curve and ultrahigh transconductance at low drain voltage (VD). Therefore, NC-TIFETs are a compelling candidate for minimizing power dissipation in the cryogenic electronic interfaces essential for large-scale quantum computing systems.
{"title":"Designing Extremely Low-Power Topological Transistors with 1T′-MoS2 and HZO for Cryogenic Applications","authors":"Yosep Park, Yungyeong Park, Hyeonseok Choi, Subeen Lim, Yeonghun Lee","doi":"10.1021/acs.nanolett.5c06182","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.nanolett.5c06182","url":null,"abstract":"Large-scale quantum computing requires cryogenic electronic controllers such as control/readout and routing circuits. However, current technologies face high-power dissipation problems, hindering large-scale qubit integration. Here, we theoretically propose extremely low-power cryogenic topological transistors, i.e., negative-capacitance topological insulator field-effect transistors (NC-TIFETs). By combining a gate-field-induced two-dimensional 1T′-molybdenum disulfide (MoS<sub>2</sub>) topological channel with a hafnium–zirconium oxide (HZO) ferroelectric gate insulator, NC-TIFETs exhibit an extremely steep-slope transfer curve and ultrahigh transconductance at low drain voltage (<i>V</i><sub>D</sub>). Therefore, NC-TIFETs are a compelling candidate for minimizing power dissipation in the cryogenic electronic interfaces essential for large-scale quantum computing systems.","PeriodicalId":53,"journal":{"name":"Nano Letters","volume":"15 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":10.8,"publicationDate":"2026-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146098066","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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