{"title":"Interpreters and War Crimes by Kayoko Takeda (review)","authors":"Sandra Wilson","doi":"10.1353/mni.2022.0037","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1353/mni.2022.0037","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":54069,"journal":{"name":"MONUMENTA NIPPONICA","volume":"77 1","pages":"161 - 165"},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2022-09-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43142633","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Reframing Disability in Manga by Yoshiko Okuyama (review)","authors":"Mark R. Bookman","doi":"10.1353/mni.2022.0044","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1353/mni.2022.0044","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":54069,"journal":{"name":"MONUMENTA NIPPONICA","volume":"77 1","pages":"191 - 197"},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2022-09-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46988579","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Coed Revolution is a welcome addition to the research in English on Japan’s New Left protests of the 1960s and early 1970s. Although less known, the Japanese protests were part of a global wave of New Left protest movements by students in both developed and developing countries. Students around the world read the same books and shared tactical innovations in response to similar campus, domestic, and international issues, but their responses also reflected local histories and cultural understandings.
{"title":"Coed Revolution: The Female Student in the Japanese New Left by Chelsea Szendi Schieder (review)","authors":"P. Steinhoff","doi":"10.1353/mni.2022.0041","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1353/mni.2022.0041","url":null,"abstract":"Coed Revolution is a welcome addition to the research in English on Japan’s New Left protests of the 1960s and early 1970s. Although less known, the Japanese protests were part of a global wave of New Left protest movements by students in both developed and developing countries. Students around the world read the same books and shared tactical innovations in response to similar campus, domestic, and international issues, but their responses also reflected local histories and cultural understandings.","PeriodicalId":54069,"journal":{"name":"MONUMENTA NIPPONICA","volume":"77 1","pages":"178 - 182"},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2022-09-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42557121","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This is indeed an achievement, especially as the number of contributions is relatively large, and the topics, however connected they may be, pertain to various disciplinary fields ranging from intellectual history to social microhistory. The index, which covers the whole volume, allows readers to navigate through the chapters and to take the measure of their interconnections. Specialists of early modern religion and thought will surely find themselves at home, and some introductory sections—on domain administration, shogunal policies, and ideological framework—may even seem too familiar but, being very clear and well-synthesized, should prove helpful to most readers, especially students. Although the book seems to be targeted mostly toward a scholarly audience, many of the chapters remain accessible and could definitely be given as reading assignments for intermediate to advanced students. If this reviewer were to utter a complaint, it would be about the editorial choice, unfortunately more and more common, to relegate all the notes to the end of the volume, which greatly reduces their relevance and ease of consultation. Nevertheless, this book confirms the importance of the series edited by Fabio Rambelli in the field of Japanese religious studies. With this sixth entry, the publisher offers a significant addition to our knowledge of the religious history of Edo Japan, which will be of great use to scholars and students alike.
{"title":"Japanese Political Theatre in the 18th Century: Bunraku Puppet Plays in Social Context by Akihiro Odanaka and Masami Iwai (review)","authors":"Satoko Shimazaki","doi":"10.1353/mni.2022.0031","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1353/mni.2022.0031","url":null,"abstract":"This is indeed an achievement, especially as the number of contributions is relatively large, and the topics, however connected they may be, pertain to various disciplinary fields ranging from intellectual history to social microhistory. The index, which covers the whole volume, allows readers to navigate through the chapters and to take the measure of their interconnections. Specialists of early modern religion and thought will surely find themselves at home, and some introductory sections—on domain administration, shogunal policies, and ideological framework—may even seem too familiar but, being very clear and well-synthesized, should prove helpful to most readers, especially students. Although the book seems to be targeted mostly toward a scholarly audience, many of the chapters remain accessible and could definitely be given as reading assignments for intermediate to advanced students. If this reviewer were to utter a complaint, it would be about the editorial choice, unfortunately more and more common, to relegate all the notes to the end of the volume, which greatly reduces their relevance and ease of consultation. Nevertheless, this book confirms the importance of the series edited by Fabio Rambelli in the field of Japanese religious studies. With this sixth entry, the publisher offers a significant addition to our knowledge of the religious history of Edo Japan, which will be of great use to scholars and students alike.","PeriodicalId":54069,"journal":{"name":"MONUMENTA NIPPONICA","volume":"77 1","pages":"130 - 135"},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2022-09-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44994404","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Defenders of Japan: The Post-Imperial Armed Forces, 1946–2016; A History by Garren Mulloy (review)","authors":"G. Pugliese","doi":"10.1353/mni.2022.0040","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1353/mni.2022.0040","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":54069,"journal":{"name":"MONUMENTA NIPPONICA","volume":"77 1","pages":"175 - 177"},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2022-09-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48905099","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The Typographic Imagination: Reading and Writing in Japan's Age of Modern Print Media by Nathan Shockey (review)","authors":"Seth Jacobowitz","doi":"10.1353/mni.2022.0034","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1353/mni.2022.0034","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":54069,"journal":{"name":"MONUMENTA NIPPONICA","volume":"77 1","pages":"145 - 149"},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2022-09-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48995976","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
via J-horror. The book also reveals how history continues to repeat itself. SCAP censorship of films that featured “backward” themes (and the shifting from supernatural to “psychological” terror) mirrors the Meiji-era shift from entertainment that focused on “backward” supernatural themes to one that focused more on psychological disorders (documented by Gerald Figal and Michael Dylan Foster).7 And the creation of J-horror itself, with its wide range of domestic and international influences and its tendency to focus on both modern media technologies and Edo-period ghost stories, mirrors the birth of kaiki cinema, a mixing of revolutionary technology with the much older art forms of kabuki and ghost storytelling. Traditional and modern, digital and analog, domestic and foreign—Ghost in the Well reveals that the horror genre in Japan is a cycle that both repeats and reinvents, embracing the new while remaining firmly tied to the old.
{"title":"Yasukuni Fundamentalism: Japanese Religions and the Politics of Restoration by Mark R. Mullins (review)","authors":"Saitō Kōta","doi":"10.1353/mni.2022.0039","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1353/mni.2022.0039","url":null,"abstract":"via J-horror. The book also reveals how history continues to repeat itself. SCAP censorship of films that featured “backward” themes (and the shifting from supernatural to “psychological” terror) mirrors the Meiji-era shift from entertainment that focused on “backward” supernatural themes to one that focused more on psychological disorders (documented by Gerald Figal and Michael Dylan Foster).7 And the creation of J-horror itself, with its wide range of domestic and international influences and its tendency to focus on both modern media technologies and Edo-period ghost stories, mirrors the birth of kaiki cinema, a mixing of revolutionary technology with the much older art forms of kabuki and ghost storytelling. Traditional and modern, digital and analog, domestic and foreign—Ghost in the Well reveals that the horror genre in Japan is a cycle that both repeats and reinvents, embracing the new while remaining firmly tied to the old.","PeriodicalId":54069,"journal":{"name":"MONUMENTA NIPPONICA","volume":"77 1","pages":"170 - 174"},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2022-09-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45531038","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract:From perhaps the early sixteenth century until 1720, performances of noh, considered a sacred offering to the deities, took place in conjunction with a festival regularly sponsored by Kanda Myōjin, a major Edo shrine. Staged after the conclusion of the festival, these presentations gave the commoner public an important opportunity to experience the time-honored art of noh. This study examines the origins of the event, its performance area, the actors and programs, and the increasing difficulty in procuring the vast funding necessary. I argue that the demise of sacred noh resulted from a combination of changes in the community of parishioners, a conflict of interests between parishioners and the shrine, and a series of unfortunate fires—factors compounded by a general decline in popularity of noh.
{"title":"Sacred Noh at Kanda Myōjin","authors":"G. Groemer","doi":"10.1353/mni.2022.0026","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1353/mni.2022.0026","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract:From perhaps the early sixteenth century until 1720, performances of noh, considered a sacred offering to the deities, took place in conjunction with a festival regularly sponsored by Kanda Myōjin, a major Edo shrine. Staged after the conclusion of the festival, these presentations gave the commoner public an important opportunity to experience the time-honored art of noh. This study examines the origins of the event, its performance area, the actors and programs, and the increasing difficulty in procuring the vast funding necessary. I argue that the demise of sacred noh resulted from a combination of changes in the community of parishioners, a conflict of interests between parishioners and the shrine, and a series of unfortunate fires—factors compounded by a general decline in popularity of noh.","PeriodicalId":54069,"journal":{"name":"MONUMENTA NIPPONICA","volume":"77 1","pages":"107 - 77"},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2022-09-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41973883","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
to remember that defendants were in the dock, sometimes on trial for their lives. Obedience to superior orders was a powerful argument, regardless of the fact that the tribunals did not recognize it as a full defense, and it is only to be expected that low-ranking accused would make full use of it. That does not necessarily make it valid. Witnesses in two trials described by Takeda—the “Double Tenth” case, which concerned crimes committed against civilians in Singapore suspected of espionage (p. 43), and the Penang trial for mistreatment of local civilians (p. 57)—testified that some interpreters had acted independently in beating prisoners and otherwise abusing them, such as by continuing the mistreatment even when the soldier for whom they were interpreting was absent from the room. The Penang interpreter who dragged the woman prisoner behind the motorcycle was assisted by another interpreter. Another Penang interpreter was said to have “frightened” women prisoners.5 Obedience to superior orders cannot fully explain these crimes. Interpreters and War Crimes is an important contribution not only to interpreting studies but also to the understanding of war crimes committed during World War II in Asia and of the court proceedings that followed. Takeda’s book puts military interpreters and the dangerous work they do squarely on the center stage. The complexities of interpreting, the difficult personal circumstances of the interpreters, and the professional hazards they faced in the conflict in Asia, however, should not obscure the fact that their number included true war criminals.
{"title":"Ghost in the Well: The Hidden History of Horror Films in Japan by Michael Crandol (review)","authors":"Lindsay Nelson","doi":"10.1353/mni.2022.0038","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1353/mni.2022.0038","url":null,"abstract":"to remember that defendants were in the dock, sometimes on trial for their lives. Obedience to superior orders was a powerful argument, regardless of the fact that the tribunals did not recognize it as a full defense, and it is only to be expected that low-ranking accused would make full use of it. That does not necessarily make it valid. Witnesses in two trials described by Takeda—the “Double Tenth” case, which concerned crimes committed against civilians in Singapore suspected of espionage (p. 43), and the Penang trial for mistreatment of local civilians (p. 57)—testified that some interpreters had acted independently in beating prisoners and otherwise abusing them, such as by continuing the mistreatment even when the soldier for whom they were interpreting was absent from the room. The Penang interpreter who dragged the woman prisoner behind the motorcycle was assisted by another interpreter. Another Penang interpreter was said to have “frightened” women prisoners.5 Obedience to superior orders cannot fully explain these crimes. Interpreters and War Crimes is an important contribution not only to interpreting studies but also to the understanding of war crimes committed during World War II in Asia and of the court proceedings that followed. Takeda’s book puts military interpreters and the dangerous work they do squarely on the center stage. The complexities of interpreting, the difficult personal circumstances of the interpreters, and the professional hazards they faced in the conflict in Asia, however, should not obscure the fact that their number included true war criminals.","PeriodicalId":54069,"journal":{"name":"MONUMENTA NIPPONICA","volume":"77 1","pages":"165 - 170"},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2022-09-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45369822","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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