ABSTRACT:There is a very popular teaching in Orthodox circles that the small letters found in the writing of the names of the sons of Haman in Megillat Esther are a reference to the year of the Nuremberg trials and the ten Nazis hanged at that time. In this article we will explore where this teaching originated, what it is based on, and what its message is understood to be.
{"title":"The Nuremberg Trial in Megillat Esther","authors":"Zvi Y. D. Ron","doi":"10.1093/MJ/KJAA019","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/MJ/KJAA019","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT:There is a very popular teaching in Orthodox circles that the small letters found in the writing of the names of the sons of Haman in Megillat Esther are a reference to the year of the Nuremberg trials and the ten Nazis hanged at that time. In this article we will explore where this teaching originated, what it is based on, and what its message is understood to be.","PeriodicalId":54089,"journal":{"name":"MODERN JUDAISM","volume":"225 1","pages":"31 - 46"},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2021-01-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77468053","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
NATHAN COHEN is an Associate Professor at the Center for Yiddish Studies at Bar Ilan University, Israel. His research focuses on East European Jewish cultural history in the nineteenth and twentieth centuries and on modern Yiddish literature. His most recent book, Yiddish – the Linguistic Leap: from a Common Dialect to a Cultural and Literary Language (2020) [Hebrew], deals with the changing reading habits in Yiddish in the Russian Empire and Poland between 1865 and 1914. Since 1998 he has been the Associate Editor of Yad Vashem Studies.
{"title":"Contributors","authors":"","doi":"10.1093/mj/kjaa020","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/mj/kjaa020","url":null,"abstract":"<span><strong>NATHAN COHEN</strong> is an Associate Professor at the Center for Yiddish Studies at Bar Ilan University, Israel. His research focuses on East European Jewish cultural history in the nineteenth and twentieth centuries and on modern Yiddish literature. His most recent book, <span style=\"font-style:italic;\">Yiddish – the Linguistic Leap: from a Common Dialect to a Cultural and Literary Language</span> (2020) [Hebrew], deals with the changing reading habits in Yiddish in the Russian Empire and Poland between 1865 and 1914. Since 1998 he has been the Associate Editor of <span style=\"font-style:italic;\">Yad Vashem Studies</span>.</span>","PeriodicalId":54089,"journal":{"name":"MODERN JUDAISM","volume":"42 9-10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2021-01-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138512695","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
ABSTRACT:The first modern publications in Yiddish which were intended for young readers in Eastern Europe—either original works or translations from foreign languages—appeared at the turn of the twentieth century as the sporadic initiatives of a few writers. A more systematic literature for children in Yiddish started relatively late, and was linked to the developing Yiddish school system. A growing number of writers and cultural activists, including Sholem Aleichem and Y. L. Peretz, became gradually aware of the importance and need for appropriate literature for children. Within less than a decade, the Yiddish book market was enriched with a variety of publications focused upon young readers whose ages ranged between 5 and 12 years. These publications included many translations (or adaptations) from foreign languages—either directly or indirectly—as well as original works by known Yiddish writers. The first Yiddish periodicals for youngsters, as well as textbooks, also appeared then, prior to World War I. Yiddishists and publishers established publishing companies for this purpose and initiated pretentious projects of which few were realized, or even partly realized. The current article will review and examine the first initiatives for publishing Yiddish children's literature and periodicals, who the initiators were and what their purpose was. Also, to what extent these publications were accepted, and their contribution to modern Yiddish literature.
摘要:第一批面向东欧年轻读者的意第绪语现代出版物——无论是原著还是外文翻译——出现在二十世纪之交，是少数作家的零星创举。更系统的意第绪语儿童文学出现得相对较晚，并且与发展中的意第绪语学校系统有关。越来越多的作家和文化活动家，包括Sholem Aleichem和Y. L. Peretz，逐渐意识到为儿童提供合适的文学作品的重要性和必要性。在不到十年的时间里，意第绪语的图书市场因各种各样的出版物而变得丰富起来，这些出版物主要针对年龄在5到12岁之间的年轻读者。这些出版物包括许多直接或间接从外语翻译(或改编)的作品，以及知名意第绪语作家的原创作品。第一批针对年轻人的意第绪语期刊和教科书也出现在那时，在第一次世界大战之前，意第绪人和出版商为此成立了出版公司，并发起了一些自命清高的项目，但这些项目很少实现，甚至部分实现。本文将审查和审查出版意第绪语儿童文学和期刊的第一批倡议，发起者是谁以及他们的目的是什么。此外，这些出版物被接受的程度，以及它们对现代意第绪语文学的贡献。
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