Pub Date : 2022-12-22DOI: 10.51769/bmgn-lchr.11694
Daniel Sanders, Liesbeth van de Grift
Asked why and how cross-border environmental governance developed in Western Europe, the 1970s are generally considered a key decade. By taking the historical evolution of the international Rhine regime as a lens, we will argue that the post-war decades need to be taken into account to understand the major changes that took place from the 1970s onwards. In this article, we examine the large variety of state and non-state actors that became involved in the contestation around the issue of Rhine pollution from the 1950s until the late 1970s. Looking at how problem definitions and strategies changed over time, we answer the question whether enough common ground could be found among water supply companies, horticulturalists and environmental activists to build a coalition against polluting industries, and how the dynamics of their interaction may be described. De jaren zeventig worden gezien als cruciale periode voor de ontwikkeling van grensoverschrijdend milieubeleid in West-Europa. Dit artikel over de historische ontwikkeling van het internationale Rijnregime toont aan dat een studie van de directe naoorlogse decennia van belang is om de grote veranderingen vanaf de jaren 1970 volledig te begrijpen. In onze bijdrage analyseren we een groot aantal statelijke en niet-statelijke actoren die betrokken waren in de politieke strijd tegen de vervuiling van de Rijn vanaf de jaren vijftig tot en met de jaren zeventig. Met een onderzoek naar veranderende probleemdefinities en strategieën doorheen de tijd gaan wij na of drinkwaterbedrijven, tuinbouwers en milieuactivisten voldoende met elkaar gemeen hadden om een coalitie tegen vervuilende industrieën te voeren en hoe de dynamiek van hun interactie beschreven kan worden.
当被问及跨界环境治理为何以及如何在西欧发展时，1970年代通常被认为是关键的十年。通过以国际莱茵河机制的历史演变为视角，我们将认为，需要考虑战后几十年，以理解自20世纪70年代以来发生的重大变化。在本文中，我们研究了从20世纪50年代到70年代末参与围绕莱茵河污染问题争论的各种各样的国家和非国家行为体。看看问题的定义和策略是如何随着时间的推移而变化的，我们回答了供水公司、园艺师和环境活动家之间是否能找到足够的共同点来建立一个反对污染工业的联盟，以及他们之间互动的动态如何被描述。De jaren zeventig worden gezien als。本文对国际Rijnregime的历史沿革进行了分析，并对其进行了研究，结果表明:van de directnaoroglose decenia van belang是在1970年的一次调查中发现的。在一项综合分析中，我们发现，在政治上，我们可以看到，在政治上，我们可以看到，在政治上，我们可以看到，在政治上，我们可以看到，在政治上，我们可以看到，在政治上，我们可以看到，在政治上，我们可以看到，在政治上，我们可以看到，在政治上，我们可以看到，在政治上，我们可以看到，在政治上，我们可以看到，在政治上，我们可以看到，在政治上，我们可以看到，在政治上，我们可以看到，在政治上，我们可以看到，在政治上，我们可以看到，在政治上，我们可以看到，在政治上，我们可以看到，在政治上，我们可以看到。在互联网上，问题的定义在因特网上，问题的定义在因特网上，问题的定义在因特网上，问题的定义在因特网上，问题的定义在因特网上，问题的定义在因特网上，问题的定义在因特网上，问题的定义在因特网上，问题的定义在因特网上，问题的定义在因特网上。
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Pub Date : 2022-12-22DOI: 10.51769/bmgn-lchr.11687
P. van Dam
Where has sustainability come from and how could it become such a popular idea? This special issue analyses the intersection between twentieth-century attempts to attune environmental, social and economic concerns in the Low Countries and the rise of ‘sustainable development’ from the 1980s onwards. The introduction to this issue first relates the articles to the international historiography on sustainability and elaborates their shared approach. Second, the varieties of sustainability practiced in Belgium, the Netherlands and Congo – as analysed in the contributions on forestry, breweries, pisciculture, water management, agriculture, and the alternative food movement – are presented. Based on their results, the period from the 1940s until the 1990s can be characterised as an ‘age of interdependence’ during which a distinct notion of sustainability emerged. Sustainability was interpreted in the light of global interconnections. Transnational governing coalitions, aided by experts and the ideal of planning, were established to achieve a balance between environmental, social and economic interests. The environment became an important object of post-war public debate and policy because of its connections to society and the economy. Building on these histories of sustainability, the introduction finally explores how historians enhance our understanding of the Anthropocene. Waar komt duurzaamheid vandaan en hoe kon het idee zo populair worden? Dit themanummer analyseert het snijvlak van twintigste-eeuwse pogingen om ecologische, sociale en economische belangen in de Lage Landen met elkaar in evenwicht te brengen en de opkomst van ‘duurzame ontwikkeling’ vanaf de jaren 1980. De inleiding positioneert de bijdragen in de internationale geschiedschrijving van duurzaamheid en licht hun gemeenschappelijke werkwijze toe. Vervolgens peilt de inleiding de invullingen van duurzaamheid in België, Nederland en Congo, zoals die in de bijdragen over bosbouw, bierbrouwerijen, viskweek, waterbeheer, landbouw en de alternatieve voedselbeweging worden geanalyseerd. Op basis van de artikelen kan de periode van de jaren 1940 tot de jaren 1990 als een ‘era van interdependentie’ bestempeld worden, waarin een specifieke invulling van duurzaamheid opkwam. Duurzaamheid werd geïnterpreteerd tegen de achtergrond van een groeiend bewustzijn van mondiale verbondenheid. Transnationale samenwerkingsverbanden probeerden met behulp van experts en ambitieuze planning een balans te vinden tussen ecologische, sociale en economische belangen. Juist door de verbanden die werden gelegd met de sociale en economische perspectieven werd het milieu in deze periode steeds belangrijker geacht. Naar aanleiding van deze duurzaamheidsgeschiedenissen verkent de inleiding ten slotte hoe historici ons begrip van het Antropoceen vergroten.
可持续发展从何而来?它又是如何成为如此流行的理念的?本期特刊分析了20世纪试图协调低地国家的环境、社会和经济问题与20世纪80年代以来“可持续发展”的兴起之间的交集。本问题的导言首先将文章与可持续发展的国际史学联系起来，并阐述了他们共同的方法。其次，介绍了比利时、荷兰和刚果实践的各种可持续性——如对林业、酿酒厂、渔业、水管理、农业和替代食品运动的贡献所分析的那样。根据他们的研究结果，从20世纪40年代到20世纪90年代可以被描述为一个“相互依存的时代”，在此期间出现了一个独特的可持续性概念。可持续性是根据全球相互联系来解释的。在专家和规划理想的帮助下，建立了跨国治理联盟，以实现环境、社会和经济利益之间的平衡。由于环境与社会和经济的联系，它成为战后公共辩论和政策的重要对象。在这些可持续发展历史的基础上，引言最后探讨了历史学家如何增强我们对人类世的理解。这句话的意思是:“我不知道这句话是什么意思。”就像人类分析学家在1980年8月从生态学、社会学和经济学的角度出发，在生态学、社会学和经济学的角度出发，与elkaar在黄昏的时候相遇一样，brengen en de opkomst van ' duurzame ontwikkeling ' vana。在国际舞台上，包括位置、位置、位置、位置、位置、位置等。在荷兰België和刚果(金)的Vervolgens peilt de invullingen van duurzaamheid，在bijdragen的bobow, bierbrouwerijen, viskweek, waterbeheer, landbow等地的zoals死亡。Op basis van de artikelen kan de periode van de jaren 1940 to de jaren 1990也被称为“时代van相互依存”(era van interdependent)，其中包括van duurzaamheid opkwam。Duurzaamheid werd geïnterpreteerd tegen de achtergrond van een groeiend bewustzijn van mondiale verbondenheid。跨国跨国公司的高管们在会议上帮助专家们制定了雄心勃勃的规划，以平衡生态、社会和经济领域的发展。从社会和经济的角度看，社会和经济环境的变化是决定性的。Naar - anlelevan deze duurzaamheidsgeschiedenissen verkent包括10个槽的历史，在人类世的vergroten。
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Pub Date : 2022-12-22DOI: 10.51769/bmgn-lchr.13452
David Murray
{"title":"Frank Willaert, Het Nederlandse liefdeslied in de middeleeuwen","authors":"David Murray","doi":"10.51769/bmgn-lchr.13452","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.51769/bmgn-lchr.13452","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":54117,"journal":{"name":"Bmgn-The Low Countries Historical Review","volume":"357 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2022-12-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76604214","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-12-22DOI: 10.51769/bmgn-lchr.11685
K. Sluyterman
‘Going green’ has been an important issue for business since the last decade of the twentieth century, but also earlier, companies had to deal with environmental concerns or took measures that had an environmental impact, either positive or negative. Based on archival research, this article looks at the way the Dutch brewer Heineken has reacted to a number of environmental issues during its long history and how it has responded to the evolving concept of sustainability. The article shows that in some cases the company reacted defensively, but in others it was proactive, especially when environmentally friendly measures offered opportunities for innovation. All these measures were taken in the hope of being allowed to keep growing the business. Sinds het laatste decennium van de twintigste eeuw is ‘vergroenen’ een belangrijk onderwerp geworden voor het bedrijfsleven, maar ook in eerdere periodes moesten bedrijven milieuproblemen aanpakken of namen zij maatregelen die een positief of negatief effect op het milieu hadden. Dit artikel bespreekt, op basis van archiefonderzoek, op welke manier de Nederlandse brouwer Heineken gedurende zijn lange geschiedenis omging met een aantal milieukwesties en hoe hij reageerde op het steeds veranderende concept duurzaamheid. Het artikel laat zien dat deze onderneming in sommige gevallen defensief reageerde, maar in andere proactief, vooral wanneer het nemen van maatregelen een mogelijkheid tot innovatie inhield. Dit alles gebeurde in de hoop dat de onderneming mocht blijven groeien.
自20世纪最后十年以来，“走向绿色”一直是商业的一个重要问题，但在更早的时候，公司必须处理环境问题或采取对环境有积极或消极影响的措施。基于档案研究，本文着眼于荷兰啤酒酿造商喜力在其悠久的历史中如何应对一系列环境问题，以及它如何应对不断发展的可持续性概念。文章显示，在某些情况下，该公司的反应是防御性的，但在其他情况下，它是主动的，特别是当环保措施提供了创新的机会。所有这些措施都是为了让业务继续发展。在最近的10年里，我们对气候变化的“过度发展”进行了研究，我们发现，在过去的10年里，气候变化导致的环境问题是由气候变化引起的，而气候变化对环境的负面影响是积极的。dartikel preekek, van archiarchifonderzoek，荷兰啤酒厂Heineken gedurende zijn，荷兰啤酒厂Heineken gedurende de Nederlandse，荷兰啤酒厂Heineken gedurende zijn，荷兰啤酒厂Heineken gedurenden，荷兰啤酒厂Heineken，荷兰啤酒厂Heineken，荷兰啤酒厂Heineken，荷兰啤酒厂Heineken，荷兰啤酒厂Heineken，荷兰啤酒厂Heineken，荷兰啤酒厂Heineken，荷兰啤酒厂Heineken文章最后提出了一种观点，即在某种程度上，在某种程度上，在某种程度上，在某种程度上，在某种程度上，在某种程度上，在某种程度上，在某种程度上，在某种程度上，在某种程度上，在某种程度上，在某种程度上，在某种程度上，在某种程度上，在某种程度上，在某种程度上，在某种程度上，在某种程度上，在某种程度上，在某种程度上，在某种程度上，在某种程度上，在某种程度上，在某种程度上，在某种程度上，在某种程度上，在某种程度上。这就意味着，在这一过程中，所有的数据都是不可靠的。
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Pub Date : 2022-12-21DOI: 10.51769/bmgn-lchr.13447
D. Luyten
{"title":"Jan Schulten, In de schaduw van de Tweede Wereldoorlog. De zuivering van de Nederlandse krijgsmacht","authors":"D. Luyten","doi":"10.51769/bmgn-lchr.13447","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.51769/bmgn-lchr.13447","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":54117,"journal":{"name":"Bmgn-The Low Countries Historical Review","volume":"11 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2022-12-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84836664","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-11-28DOI: 10.51769/bmgn-lchr.13297
C. Kooi
{"title":"Raymond Fagel and Judith Pollmann, 1572. Burgeroorlog in de Nederlanden","authors":"C. Kooi","doi":"10.51769/bmgn-lchr.13297","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.51769/bmgn-lchr.13297","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":54117,"journal":{"name":"Bmgn-The Low Countries Historical Review","volume":"24 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2022-11-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"72404292","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-11-28DOI: 10.51769/bmgn-lchr.13296
F. Caestecker
{"title":"Marieke Oprel, Afrekenen met de vijand. Het naoorlogse beleid ten aanzien van Duitsers in Nederland","authors":"F. Caestecker","doi":"10.51769/bmgn-lchr.13296","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.51769/bmgn-lchr.13296","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":54117,"journal":{"name":"Bmgn-The Low Countries Historical Review","volume":"19 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2022-11-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"72717741","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-11-28DOI: 10.51769/bmgn-lchr.13295
F. Baudet
{"title":"Johan van de Worp, Rood noch oranje. De sociale strijd van de Nederlandse marinematroos, 1870-1914","authors":"F. Baudet","doi":"10.51769/bmgn-lchr.13295","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.51769/bmgn-lchr.13295","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":54117,"journal":{"name":"Bmgn-The Low Countries Historical Review","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2022-11-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89725574","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-11-28DOI: 10.51769/bmgn-lchr.12462
G. Marnef
{"title":"Peter Gorter, Gereformeerde migranten. De religieuze identiteit van Nederlandse gereformeerde migrantengemeenten in de rijkssteden Frankfurt am Main, Aken en Keulen (1555-1600)","authors":"G. Marnef","doi":"10.51769/bmgn-lchr.12462","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.51769/bmgn-lchr.12462","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":54117,"journal":{"name":"Bmgn-The Low Countries Historical Review","volume":"13 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2022-11-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86781762","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-11-28DOI: 10.51769/bmgn-lchr.13145
D. Delabastita
{"title":"Dirk Schoenaers, Theo Hermans, Inger Leemans, Cees Koster en Ton Naaijkens (eds.), Vertalen in de Nederlanden. Een cultuurgeschiedenis","authors":"D. Delabastita","doi":"10.51769/bmgn-lchr.13145","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.51769/bmgn-lchr.13145","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":54117,"journal":{"name":"Bmgn-The Low Countries Historical Review","volume":"40 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2022-11-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"72587709","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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