首页 > 最新文献

ACM Transactions on Accessible Computing最新文献

英文 中文
The Design and Prototyping of an App to Teach Adults with Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities to Empower Them Against Abuse 一个应用程序的设计和原型,以教育有智力和发育障碍的成年人,使他们免受虐待
IF 2.4 Q2 Computer Science Pub Date : 2022-10-26 DOI: 10.1145/3569585
K. Venkatasubramanian, Tina-Marie Ranalli, Jack Lanoie, A. Sinapi, Andrew Laraw Lama, Jeanine Skorinko, Mariah Freark, Nancy A. Alterio
In the United States, the abuse of individuals with intellectual and developmental disabilities (I/DD) is at epidemic proportions. However, the reporting of such abuse has been severely lacking. It has been found that individuals with I/DD are more aware of when and how to report abuse when they have received abuse-prevention training. Consequently, in this article we present the design and prototyping of a mobile-computing app called Recognize that empowers adults with I/DD to independently learn about abuse. To this end, we first conducted an auto-ethnographic co-design of Recognize with individuals and self-advocates from the I/DD community. Next, based on the outcomes from the co-design process, we developed three initial prototype variants of Recognize and performed a preliminary user study with six individuals with I/DD who have experience teaching others with I/DD about abuse. Based on the findings of this preliminary user study, we created a consolidated prototype of Recognize and performed a more detailed qualitative user study with 11 individuals with I/DD who represented the eventual users of Recognize. The participants in this user study found it to be viable for use by individuals with I/DD. We end the article with a discussion of the implications of our findings toward the development of a deployable version of Recognize and similar apps.
在美国,对智力和发育残疾者的虐待已达到流行病的程度。但是,严重缺乏对这种虐待行为的报告。研究发现,患有I/DD的人在接受过预防虐待培训后,更清楚何时以及如何报告虐待。因此,在这篇文章中,我们展示了一个名为“识别”的移动计算应用程序的设计和原型,该应用程序使患有I/DD的成年人能够独立学习虐待行为。为此,我们首先与来自I/DD社区的个人和自我倡导者进行了识别的自动民族志共同设计。接下来,基于共同设计过程的结果,我们开发了三种最初的识别原型变体,并对六名I/DD患者进行了初步的用户研究,他们都有向其他I/DD患者传授虐待的经验。基于这个初步用户研究的结果,我们创建了一个统一的recognition原型,并对11个I/DD患者进行了更详细的定性用户研究,他们代表了recognition的最终用户。这个用户研究的参与者发现它对于I/DD患者来说是可行的。在文章的最后,我们讨论了我们的发现对开发可部署版本的recognition和类似应用程序的影响。
{"title":"The Design and Prototyping of an App to Teach Adults with Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities to Empower Them Against Abuse","authors":"K. Venkatasubramanian, Tina-Marie Ranalli, Jack Lanoie, A. Sinapi, Andrew Laraw Lama, Jeanine Skorinko, Mariah Freark, Nancy A. Alterio","doi":"10.1145/3569585","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3569585","url":null,"abstract":"In the United States, the abuse of individuals with intellectual and developmental disabilities (I/DD) is at epidemic proportions. However, the reporting of such abuse has been severely lacking. It has been found that individuals with I/DD are more aware of when and how to report abuse when they have received abuse-prevention training. Consequently, in this article we present the design and prototyping of a mobile-computing app called Recognize that empowers adults with I/DD to independently learn about abuse. To this end, we first conducted an auto-ethnographic co-design of Recognize with individuals and self-advocates from the I/DD community. Next, based on the outcomes from the co-design process, we developed three initial prototype variants of Recognize and performed a preliminary user study with six individuals with I/DD who have experience teaching others with I/DD about abuse. Based on the findings of this preliminary user study, we created a consolidated prototype of Recognize and performed a more detailed qualitative user study with 11 individuals with I/DD who represented the eventual users of Recognize. The participants in this user study found it to be viable for use by individuals with I/DD. We end the article with a discussion of the implications of our findings toward the development of a deployable version of Recognize and similar apps.","PeriodicalId":54128,"journal":{"name":"ACM Transactions on Accessible Computing","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2022-10-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83121574","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
The Global Care Ecosystems of 3D Printed Assistive Devices 3D打印辅助设备的全球护理生态系统
IF 2.4 Q2 Computer Science Pub Date : 2022-10-22 DOI: 10.1145/3537676
Saiph Savage, Claudia Flores-Saviaga, Rachel Rodney, Liliana Savage, J. Schull, Jennifer Mankoff
The popularity of 3D printed assistive technology has led to the emergence of new ecosystems of care, where multiple stakeholders (makers, clinicians, and recipients with disabilities) work toward creating new upper limb prosthetic devices. However, despite the increasing growth, we currently know little about the differences between these care ecosystems. Medical regulations and the prevailing culture have greatly impacted how ecosystems are structured and stakeholders work together, including whether clinicians and makers collaborate. To better understand these care ecosystems, we interviewed a range of stakeholders from multiple countries, including Brazil, Chile, Costa Rica, France, India, Mexico, and the U.S. Our broad analysis allowed us to uncover different working examples of how multiple stakeholders collaborate within these care ecosystems and the main challenges they face. Through our study, we were able to uncover that ecosystems with multi-stakeholder collaborations exist (something prior work had not seen), and these ecosystems showed increased success and impact. We also identified some of the key follow-up practices to reduce device abandonment. Of particular importance are to have ecosystems put in place follow-up practices that integrate formal agreements and compensations for participation (which do not need to be just monetary). We identified that these features helped to ensure multi-stakeholder involvement and ecosystem sustainability. We finished the article with socio-technical recommendations to create vibrant care ecosystems that include multiple stakeholders in the production of 3D printed assistive devices.
3D打印辅助技术的普及导致了新的护理生态系统的出现,其中多个利益相关者(制造商,临床医生和残疾患者)致力于创造新的上肢假肢设备。然而,尽管不断增长,我们目前对这些护理生态系统之间的差异知之甚少。医疗法规和流行文化极大地影响了生态系统的结构和利益相关者的合作方式,包括临床医生和制造商是否合作。为了更好地了解这些护理生态系统,我们采访了来自多个国家的一系列利益相关者,包括巴西、智利、哥斯达黎加、法国、印度、墨西哥和美国。我们的广泛分析使我们能够发现不同的工作实例,说明多个利益相关者如何在这些护理生态系统中合作,以及他们面临的主要挑战。通过我们的研究,我们能够发现存在多方利益相关者合作的生态系统(这是以前的工作没有看到的),这些生态系统显示出越来越大的成功和影响。我们还确定了一些减少设备废弃的关键后续实践。特别重要的是,建立生态系统的后续做法,将正式协议和参与补偿(不需要仅仅是金钱上的补偿)结合起来。我们发现这些特征有助于确保多方利益相关者的参与和生态系统的可持续性。我们用社会技术建议完成了这篇文章,以创建充满活力的护理生态系统,其中包括3D打印辅助设备生产中的多个利益相关者。
{"title":"The Global Care Ecosystems of 3D Printed Assistive Devices","authors":"Saiph Savage, Claudia Flores-Saviaga, Rachel Rodney, Liliana Savage, J. Schull, Jennifer Mankoff","doi":"10.1145/3537676","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3537676","url":null,"abstract":"The popularity of 3D printed assistive technology has led to the emergence of new ecosystems of care, where multiple stakeholders (makers, clinicians, and recipients with disabilities) work toward creating new upper limb prosthetic devices. However, despite the increasing growth, we currently know little about the differences between these care ecosystems. Medical regulations and the prevailing culture have greatly impacted how ecosystems are structured and stakeholders work together, including whether clinicians and makers collaborate. To better understand these care ecosystems, we interviewed a range of stakeholders from multiple countries, including Brazil, Chile, Costa Rica, France, India, Mexico, and the U.S. Our broad analysis allowed us to uncover different working examples of how multiple stakeholders collaborate within these care ecosystems and the main challenges they face. Through our study, we were able to uncover that ecosystems with multi-stakeholder collaborations exist (something prior work had not seen), and these ecosystems showed increased success and impact. We also identified some of the key follow-up practices to reduce device abandonment. Of particular importance are to have ecosystems put in place follow-up practices that integrate formal agreements and compensations for participation (which do not need to be just monetary). We identified that these features helped to ensure multi-stakeholder involvement and ecosystem sustainability. We finished the article with socio-technical recommendations to create vibrant care ecosystems that include multiple stakeholders in the production of 3D printed assistive devices.","PeriodicalId":54128,"journal":{"name":"ACM Transactions on Accessible Computing","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2022-10-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82639129","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 3
Planning Your Journey in Audio: Design and Evaluation of Auditory Route Overviews 在音频中规划你的旅程:听觉路线概述的设计和评估
IF 2.4 Q2 Computer Science Pub Date : 2022-10-22 DOI: 10.1145/3531529
Nida Aziz, T. Stockman, Rebecca Stewart
Auditory overviews of routes can provide routing and map information to blind users enabling them to preview route maps before embarking on a journey. This article investigates the usefulness of a system designed to do this through a Preliminary Survey, followed by a Design Study to gather the design requirements, development of a prototype and evaluation through a Usability Study. The design is drawn in two stages with eight audio designers and eight potential blind users. The auditory route overview is sequential and automatically generated as integrated audio. It comprises auditory icons to represent points of interest, earcons for auditory brackets encapsulating repeating points of interest, and speech for directions. A prototype based on this design is developed and evaluated with 22 sighted and eight blind participants. The software architecture of the prototype including the route information retrieval and mapping onto audio has been included. The findings show that both groups perform well in route reconstruction and recognition tasks. Moreover, the functional route information and auditory icons are effectively designed and useful in forming a mental model of the route, which improves over time. However, the design of auditory brackets needs further improvement and testing. At all stages of the system development, input has been acquired from the end-user population and the design is adapted accordingly.
路线的听觉概述可以为盲人用户提供路线和地图信息,使他们能够在开始旅行之前预览路线图。本文通过一个初步调查来调查一个系统的有用性,然后是一个设计研究来收集设计需求,开发一个原型,并通过一个可用性研究来评估。该设计分为两个阶段,有8名音频设计师和8名潜在的盲人用户。听觉路线概述是顺序的,并自动生成为集成音频。它包括表示兴趣点的听觉图标,用于封装重复兴趣点的听觉括号的耳廓,以及用于指示方向的语音。基于这一设计的原型被开发出来,并由22名视力正常的参与者和8名盲人参与者进行评估。给出了样机的软件架构,包括路由信息检索和音频映射。结果表明,两组在路线重建和识别任务中表现良好。此外,功能性路线信息和听觉图标设计有效,有助于形成路线的心理模型,并随着时间的推移而不断完善。但是,听觉支架的设计还需要进一步的改进和测试。在系统开发的所有阶段,已从最终用户群体获得输入,并相应地调整设计。
{"title":"Planning Your Journey in Audio: Design and Evaluation of Auditory Route Overviews","authors":"Nida Aziz, T. Stockman, Rebecca Stewart","doi":"10.1145/3531529","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3531529","url":null,"abstract":"Auditory overviews of routes can provide routing and map information to blind users enabling them to preview route maps before embarking on a journey. This article investigates the usefulness of a system designed to do this through a Preliminary Survey, followed by a Design Study to gather the design requirements, development of a prototype and evaluation through a Usability Study. The design is drawn in two stages with eight audio designers and eight potential blind users. The auditory route overview is sequential and automatically generated as integrated audio. It comprises auditory icons to represent points of interest, earcons for auditory brackets encapsulating repeating points of interest, and speech for directions. A prototype based on this design is developed and evaluated with 22 sighted and eight blind participants. The software architecture of the prototype including the route information retrieval and mapping onto audio has been included. The findings show that both groups perform well in route reconstruction and recognition tasks. Moreover, the functional route information and auditory icons are effectively designed and useful in forming a mental model of the route, which improves over time. However, the design of auditory brackets needs further improvement and testing. At all stages of the system development, input has been acquired from the end-user population and the design is adapted accordingly.","PeriodicalId":54128,"journal":{"name":"ACM Transactions on Accessible Computing","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2022-10-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78474806","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 3
WordMelodies: Supporting the Acquisition of Literacy Skills by Children with Visual Impairment through a Mobile App 文字旋律:通过移动应用程序支持视力障碍儿童获得识字技能
IF 2.4 Q2 Computer Science Pub Date : 2022-10-20 DOI: 10.1145/3565029
D. Ahmetovic, C. Bernareggi, B. Leporini, S. Mascetti
WordMelodies is a mobile app that aims to support inclusive teaching of literacy skills for primary school students. Thus it was designed to be accessible both visually and through screen reader, and it includes over 80 different types of exercises for practicing literacy skills, each with adjustable difficulty levels, in Italian and in English. WordMelodies is freely available for iOS and Android devices. However, it has not been previously evaluated with children having visual impairments. Thus, in this article, we evaluate the app usability, its perceived ease of use, appreciation and children’s autonomy while using it, as well as the characteristics of the end users. To achieve this, we conducted a user study with 11 primary school students with visual impairments, and we analyzed app usage logs collected from 408 users in over 1 year from the app publication. We show that app usability is high, and most exercises can be completed autonomously. The exercises are also perceived to be easy to perform, and they are appreciated by the participants. Finally, we provide insights on how to address the identified app limitations and propose future research directions.
WordMelodies是一款移动应用程序,旨在支持小学生识字技能的包容性教学。因此,它被设计成既可以通过视觉访问,也可以通过屏幕阅读器访问,它包括80多种不同类型的练习识字技能的练习,每种练习都有意大利语和英语的可调整难度级别。WordMelodies可以在iOS和Android设备上免费使用。然而,以前还没有对有视力障碍的儿童进行过评估。因此,在本文中,我们评估了应用程序的可用性,其感知易用性,欣赏性和儿童在使用它时的自主性,以及最终用户的特征。为了实现这一目标,我们对11名有视觉障碍的小学生进行了用户研究,并分析了自应用发布以来一年多来从408名用户收集的应用使用日志。我们发现应用程序的可用性很高,大多数练习都可以自主完成。这些练习也被认为很容易进行,并且受到参与者的赞赏。最后,我们就如何解决已确定的应用程序限制提供了见解,并提出了未来的研究方向。
{"title":"WordMelodies: Supporting the Acquisition of Literacy Skills by Children with Visual Impairment through a Mobile App","authors":"D. Ahmetovic, C. Bernareggi, B. Leporini, S. Mascetti","doi":"10.1145/3565029","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3565029","url":null,"abstract":"WordMelodies is a mobile app that aims to support inclusive teaching of literacy skills for primary school students. Thus it was designed to be accessible both visually and through screen reader, and it includes over 80 different types of exercises for practicing literacy skills, each with adjustable difficulty levels, in Italian and in English. WordMelodies is freely available for iOS and Android devices. However, it has not been previously evaluated with children having visual impairments. Thus, in this article, we evaluate the app usability, its perceived ease of use, appreciation and children’s autonomy while using it, as well as the characteristics of the end users. To achieve this, we conducted a user study with 11 primary school students with visual impairments, and we analyzed app usage logs collected from 408 users in over 1 year from the app publication. We show that app usability is high, and most exercises can be completed autonomously. The exercises are also perceived to be easy to perform, and they are appreciated by the participants. Finally, we provide insights on how to address the identified app limitations and propose future research directions.","PeriodicalId":54128,"journal":{"name":"ACM Transactions on Accessible Computing","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2022-10-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76425180","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 2
Creating ‘a Simple Conversation’: Designing a Conversational User Interface to Improve the Experience of Accessing Support for Study 创建“一个简单的对话”:设计一个会话用户界面,以改善访问学习支持的体验
IF 2.4 Q2 Computer Science Pub Date : 2022-10-14 DOI: 10.1145/3568166
Francisco Iniesto, Tim Coughlan, Kate Lister, Peter Devine, Nick Freear, Richard Greenwood, Wayne Holmes, Ian Kenny, Kevin McLeod, Ruth Tudor
Administrative processes are ubiquitous in modern life and have been identified as a particular burden to those with accessibility needs. Students who have accessibility needs often have to understand guidance, fill in complex forms, and communicate with multiple parties to disclose disabilities and access appropriate support. Conversational user interfaces (CUIs) could allow us to reimagine such processes, yet there is currently limited understanding of how to design these to be accessible, or whether such an approach would be preferred. In the ADMINS (Assistants for the Disclosure and Management of Information about Needs and Support) project, we implemented a virtual assistant (VA) which is designed to enable students to disclose disabilities and to provide guidance and suggestions about appropriate support. ADMINS explores the potential of CUIs to reduce administrative burden and improve the experience of arranging support by replacing a static form with written or spoken dialogue. This article reports the results of two trials conducted during the project. A beta trial using an early version of the VA provided understanding of accessibility challenges and issues in user experience. The beta trial sample included 22 students who had already disclosed disabilities and 3 disability support advisors. After improvements to the design, a larger main trial was conducted with 134 students who disclosed their disabilities to the university using both the VA and the existing form-based process. The results show that the VA was preferred by most participants to completing the form (64.9% vs 23.9%). Qualitative and quantitative feedback from the trials also identified accessibility and user experience barriers for improving CUI design, and an understanding of benefits and preferences that can inform further development of accessible CUIs for this design space.
行政程序在现代生活中无处不在,已被确定为有无障碍需求的人的特别负担。有无障碍需求的学生通常必须理解指导,填写复杂的表格,并与多方沟通,以披露残疾并获得适当的支持。会话用户界面(CUIs)可以让我们重新构想这样的流程,但是目前对于如何设计这些流程使其易于访问,或者这种方法是否更可取的理解有限。在ADMINS(需求和支持信息披露和管理助理)项目中,我们实施了一个虚拟助理(VA),旨在使学生能够披露残疾,并提供有关适当支持的指导和建议。ADMINS探索了gui的潜力,通过用书面或口头对话取代静态表单来减少管理负担并改善安排支持的体验。本文报告了项目期间进行的两次试验的结果。使用早期版本的VA的beta测试提供了对用户体验中的可访问性挑战和问题的理解。测试样本包括22名已经披露残疾的学生和3名残疾支持顾问。在对设计进行改进后,对134名学生进行了更大的主要试验,他们使用VA和现有的基于表格的流程向大学披露了他们的残疾。结果显示,大多数参与者(64.9% vs 23.9%)更喜欢VA完成表格。从试验中获得的定性和定量反馈还确定了改进CUI设计的可访问性和用户体验障碍,以及对可访问ui的好处和偏好的理解,可以为该设计空间的可访问ui的进一步开发提供信息。
{"title":"Creating ‘a Simple Conversation’: Designing a Conversational User Interface to Improve the Experience of Accessing Support for Study","authors":"Francisco Iniesto, Tim Coughlan, Kate Lister, Peter Devine, Nick Freear, Richard Greenwood, Wayne Holmes, Ian Kenny, Kevin McLeod, Ruth Tudor","doi":"10.1145/3568166","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3568166","url":null,"abstract":"Administrative processes are ubiquitous in modern life and have been identified as a particular burden to those with accessibility needs. Students who have accessibility needs often have to understand guidance, fill in complex forms, and communicate with multiple parties to disclose disabilities and access appropriate support. Conversational user interfaces (CUIs) could allow us to reimagine such processes, yet there is currently limited understanding of how to design these to be accessible, or whether such an approach would be preferred. In the ADMINS (Assistants for the Disclosure and Management of Information about Needs and Support) project, we implemented a virtual assistant (VA) which is designed to enable students to disclose disabilities and to provide guidance and suggestions about appropriate support. ADMINS explores the potential of CUIs to reduce administrative burden and improve the experience of arranging support by replacing a static form with written or spoken dialogue. This article reports the results of two trials conducted during the project. A beta trial using an early version of the VA provided understanding of accessibility challenges and issues in user experience. The beta trial sample included 22 students who had already disclosed disabilities and 3 disability support advisors. After improvements to the design, a larger main trial was conducted with 134 students who disclosed their disabilities to the university using both the VA and the existing form-based process. The results show that the VA was preferred by most participants to completing the form (64.9% vs 23.9%). Qualitative and quantitative feedback from the trials also identified accessibility and user experience barriers for improving CUI design, and an understanding of benefits and preferences that can inform further development of accessible CUIs for this design space.","PeriodicalId":54128,"journal":{"name":"ACM Transactions on Accessible Computing","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2022-10-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79813589","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
A Systematic Review of User Studies as a Basis for the Design of Systems for Automatic Sign Language Processing 作为自动手语处理系统设计基础的用户研究综述
IF 2.4 Q2 Computer Science Pub Date : 2022-10-07 DOI: 10.1145/3563395
S. Prietch, J. A. Sánchez, J. Guerrero
Deaf persons, whether or not they are sign language users, make up one of various existing marginalized populations that historically have been socially and politically underrepresented. Unfortunately, this also happens in technology design. Conducting user studies in which marginalized populations are represented is a step towards guaranteeing their right to participate in choices and decisions that are made for, with, and by them. This article presents and discusses results from a Systematic Literature Review (SLR) of user studies in the design of systems for Automatic Sign Language Processing (ASLP). Following our SLR protocol, from 2,486 papers initially found, we applied inclusion and exclusion criteria to finally select 37 papers in our review. We excluded publications that were not full papers, were not related to our main topic of interest, or that reported results that had been updated by more recent papers. All the selected papers focus on user studies as a basis for the design of three major aspects of ASLP: generation (ASLG), recognition (ASLR), and translation (ASLT). With regard to our specific area of interest, we analyzed four areas related to our research questions: goals and research methods, types of user involvement in the interaction design life cycle, cultural and collaborative aspects, and other lessons learned from the primary studies under review. Salient findings from our analysis show that numerical scale questionnaires are the most frequently used research instruments, co-designing ASLP systems with sign language users is not a common practice (as potential users are included mostly in the evaluation phase), and only seldom are Deaf persons who are sign language users included as members of research teams. These findings point to the need of conducting more inclusive and qualitative research for, with and by Deaf persons who are sign language users.
聋哑人,无论他们是否使用手语,都是历史上在社会和政治上都没有得到充分代表的各种边缘化人群之一。不幸的是,这也发生在技术设计中。进行有边缘化人口代表参加的用户研究,是朝着保障他们有权参与为他们、与他们一起或由他们作出的选择和决定的方向迈出的一步。本文介绍并讨论了系统文献综述(SLR)对自动手语处理(ASLP)系统设计中用户研究的结果。按照我们的单反方案,从最初发现的2486篇论文中,我们应用纳入和排除标准最终选择了37篇论文纳入我们的综述。我们排除了非完整论文、与我们感兴趣的主要主题无关、或报告的结果被最近的论文更新过的出版物。所有入选的论文都将用户研究作为设计ASLP的三个主要方面的基础:生成(ASLG)、识别(ASLR)和翻译(ASLT)。关于我们感兴趣的具体领域,我们分析了与我们的研究问题相关的四个领域:目标和研究方法,交互设计生命周期中用户参与的类型,文化和协作方面,以及从正在审查的主要研究中吸取的其他经验教训。我们的分析结果表明,数字量表问卷是最常用的研究工具,与手语使用者共同设计ASLP系统的做法并不常见(因为潜在用户主要包括在评估阶段),很少有手语使用者作为研究团队的成员被包括在内。这些发现表明,有必要为使用手语的聋人开展更具包容性和定性的研究。
{"title":"A Systematic Review of User Studies as a Basis for the Design of Systems for Automatic Sign Language Processing","authors":"S. Prietch, J. A. Sánchez, J. Guerrero","doi":"10.1145/3563395","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3563395","url":null,"abstract":"Deaf persons, whether or not they are sign language users, make up one of various existing marginalized populations that historically have been socially and politically underrepresented. Unfortunately, this also happens in technology design. Conducting user studies in which marginalized populations are represented is a step towards guaranteeing their right to participate in choices and decisions that are made for, with, and by them. This article presents and discusses results from a Systematic Literature Review (SLR) of user studies in the design of systems for Automatic Sign Language Processing (ASLP). Following our SLR protocol, from 2,486 papers initially found, we applied inclusion and exclusion criteria to finally select 37 papers in our review. We excluded publications that were not full papers, were not related to our main topic of interest, or that reported results that had been updated by more recent papers. All the selected papers focus on user studies as a basis for the design of three major aspects of ASLP: generation (ASLG), recognition (ASLR), and translation (ASLT). With regard to our specific area of interest, we analyzed four areas related to our research questions: goals and research methods, types of user involvement in the interaction design life cycle, cultural and collaborative aspects, and other lessons learned from the primary studies under review. Salient findings from our analysis show that numerical scale questionnaires are the most frequently used research instruments, co-designing ASLP systems with sign language users is not a common practice (as potential users are included mostly in the evaluation phase), and only seldom are Deaf persons who are sign language users included as members of research teams. These findings point to the need of conducting more inclusive and qualitative research for, with and by Deaf persons who are sign language users.","PeriodicalId":54128,"journal":{"name":"ACM Transactions on Accessible Computing","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2022-10-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77722320","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Beyond the Cane: Describing Urban Scenes to Blind People for Mobility Tasks. 超越手杖:为盲人描述城市场景。
IF 2.4 Q2 Computer Science Pub Date : 2022-09-01 DOI: 10.1145/3522757
Karst M P Hoogsteen, Sarit Szpiro, Gabriel Kreiman, Eli Peli

Blind people face difficulties with independent mobility, impacting employment prospects, social inclusion, and quality of life. Given the advancements in computer vision, with more efficient and effective automated information extraction from visual scenes, it is important to determine what information is worth conveying to blind travelers, especially since people have a limited capacity to receive and process sensory information. We aimed to investigate which objects in a street scene are useful to describe and how those objects should be described. Thirteen cane-using participants, five of whom were early blind, took part in two urban walking experiments. In the first experiment, participants were asked to voice their information needs in the form of questions to the experimenter. In the second experiment, participants were asked to score scene descriptions and navigation instructions, provided by the experimenter, in terms of their usefulness. The descriptions included a variety of objects with various annotations per object. Additionally, we asked participants to rank order the objects and the different descriptions per object in terms of priority and explain why the provided information is or is not useful to them. The results reveal differences between early and late blind participants. Late blind participants requested information more frequently and prioritized information about objects' locations. Our results illustrate how different factors, such as the level of detail, relative position, and what type of information is provided when describing an object, affected the usefulness of scene descriptions. Participants explained how they (indirectly) used information, but they were frequently unable to explain their ratings. The results distinguish between various types of travel information, underscore the importance of featuring these types at multiple levels of abstraction, and highlight gaps in current understanding of travel information needs. Elucidating the information needs of blind travelers is critical for the development of more useful assistive technologies.

盲人在独立行动方面面临困难,影响了就业前景、社会包容和生活质量。鉴于计算机视觉的进步,从视觉场景中更高效和有效地自动提取信息,确定哪些信息值得传递给盲人旅行者是很重要的,特别是因为人们接收和处理感官信息的能力有限。我们的目的是调查街道场景中哪些物体是有用的,以及这些物体应该如何描述。13名使用手杖的参与者,其中5人早期失明,参加了两项城市步行实验。在第一个实验中,参与者被要求以问题的形式向实验者表达他们的信息需求。在第二个实验中,参与者被要求对实验者提供的场景描述和导航说明的有用性进行评分。这些描述包括各种各样的对象,每个对象都有不同的注释。此外,我们要求参与者根据优先级对对象和每个对象的不同描述进行排序,并解释为什么所提供的信息对他们有用或没用。结果揭示了早期和晚期失明参与者之间的差异。迟到的盲人参与者更频繁地要求获得信息,并优先考虑有关物体位置的信息。我们的研究结果说明了不同的因素,如细节水平、相对位置以及描述物体时提供的信息类型,如何影响场景描述的有用性。参与者解释了他们是如何(间接地)使用信息的,但他们经常无法解释自己的评分。研究结果对不同类型的旅游信息进行了区分,强调了在多个抽象层次上突出这些类型的重要性,并突出了当前对旅游信息需求理解的差距。阐明盲人旅行者的信息需求对于开发更有用的辅助技术至关重要。
{"title":"Beyond the Cane: Describing Urban Scenes to Blind People for Mobility Tasks.","authors":"Karst M P Hoogsteen,&nbsp;Sarit Szpiro,&nbsp;Gabriel Kreiman,&nbsp;Eli Peli","doi":"10.1145/3522757","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3522757","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Blind people face difficulties with independent mobility, impacting employment prospects, social inclusion, and quality of life. Given the advancements in computer vision, with more efficient and effective automated information extraction from visual scenes, it is important to determine what information is worth conveying to blind travelers, especially since people have a limited capacity to receive and process sensory information. We aimed to investigate <i>which</i> objects in a street scene are useful to describe and <i>how</i> those objects should be described. Thirteen cane-using participants, five of whom were early blind, took part in two urban walking experiments. In the first experiment, participants were asked to voice their information needs in the form of questions to the experimenter. In the second experiment, participants were asked to score scene descriptions and navigation instructions, provided by the experimenter, in terms of their usefulness. The descriptions included a variety of objects with various annotations per object. Additionally, we asked participants to rank order the objects and the different descriptions per object in terms of priority and explain why the provided information is or is not useful to them. The results reveal differences between early and late blind participants. Late blind participants requested information more frequently and prioritized information about objects' locations. Our results illustrate how different factors, such as the level of detail, relative position, and what type of information is provided when describing an object, affected the usefulness of scene descriptions. Participants explained how they (indirectly) used information, but they were frequently unable to explain their ratings. The results distinguish between various types of travel information, underscore the importance of featuring these types at multiple levels of abstraction, and highlight gaps in current understanding of travel information needs. Elucidating the information needs of blind travelers is critical for the development of more useful assistive technologies.</p>","PeriodicalId":54128,"journal":{"name":"ACM Transactions on Accessible Computing","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2022-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9491388/pdf/nihms-1834372.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10021147","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 4
Route Descriptions, Spatial Knowledge and Spatial Representations of Blind and Partially Sighted People: Improved Design of Electronic Travel Aids 盲人和弱视人群的路径描述、空间知识与空间表征:电子旅行辅助工具的改进设计
IF 2.4 Q2 Computer Science Pub Date : 2022-08-18 DOI: 10.1145/3549077
Marion A. Hersh, A. R. G. Ramirez
The results presented here were obtained from an experimental study of blind people's experiences on two routes with very different characteristics. They are intended to answer three research questions on how blind people identify environmental features while travelling and use environmental information to form spatial representations, and the implications for the design of electronic travel aids to better support mental mapping of space. The results include detailed discussions of the mainly tactile and auditory information used by blind people to identify objects, as well as the different combinations of sensory information used in forming mental maps, the approaches participants used to do this, and the sensory modalities involved. They also provide a categorisation of the main features in participants’ descriptions of the two routes. The answers to the three questions include a discussion of the relationship between the sensory information used in route descriptions and mental maps, and the implications of the results for the design of electronic travel aids to support mental mapping, including suggestions for new types of aids and guidelines for aid design.
本文的研究结果来自于对盲人在两条截然不同的路线上的体验的实验研究。他们的目的是回答三个研究问题,即盲人在旅行时如何识别环境特征并利用环境信息形成空间表征,以及设计电子旅行辅助工具以更好地支持空间心理映射的含义。结果包括详细讨论盲人识别物体时主要使用的触觉和听觉信息,以及在形成心理地图时使用的感官信息的不同组合,参与者使用的方法,以及所涉及的感官模式。他们还提供了参与者对两条路线描述的主要特征的分类。这三个问题的答案包括讨论路线描述和心理地图中使用的感官信息之间的关系,以及研究结果对设计支持心理地图的电子旅行辅助工具的影响,包括对新型辅助工具和辅助工具设计指南的建议。
{"title":"Route Descriptions, Spatial Knowledge and Spatial Representations of Blind and Partially Sighted People: Improved Design of Electronic Travel Aids","authors":"Marion A. Hersh, A. R. G. Ramirez","doi":"10.1145/3549077","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3549077","url":null,"abstract":"The results presented here were obtained from an experimental study of blind people's experiences on two routes with very different characteristics. They are intended to answer three research questions on how blind people identify environmental features while travelling and use environmental information to form spatial representations, and the implications for the design of electronic travel aids to better support mental mapping of space. The results include detailed discussions of the mainly tactile and auditory information used by blind people to identify objects, as well as the different combinations of sensory information used in forming mental maps, the approaches participants used to do this, and the sensory modalities involved. They also provide a categorisation of the main features in participants’ descriptions of the two routes. The answers to the three questions include a discussion of the relationship between the sensory information used in route descriptions and mental maps, and the implications of the results for the design of electronic travel aids to support mental mapping, including suggestions for new types of aids and guidelines for aid design.","PeriodicalId":54128,"journal":{"name":"ACM Transactions on Accessible Computing","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2022-08-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82846855","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
The Accessibility of Data Visualizations on the Web for Screen Reader Users: Practices and Experiences During COVID-19 面向屏幕阅读器用户的Web数据可视化可访问性:COVID-19期间的实践和经验
IF 2.4 Q2 Computer Science Pub Date : 2022-08-18 DOI: 10.1145/3557899
Danyang Fan, Alexa Fay Siu, Hrishikesh V. Rao, Gene S.-H. Kim, Xavier Vazquez, Lucy Greco, Sile O'Modhrain, Sean Follmer
Data visualization has become an increasingly important means of effective data communication and has played a vital role in broadcasting the progression of COVID-19. Accessible data representations, however, have lagged behind, leaving areas of information out of reach for many blind and visually impaired (BVI) users. In this work, we sought to understand (1) the accessibility of current implementations of visualizations on the web; (2) BVI users’ preferences and current experiences when accessing data-driven media; (3) how accessible data representations on the web address these users’ access needs and help them navigate, interpret, and gain insights from the data; and (4) the practical challenges that limit BVI users’ access and use of data representations. To answer these questions, we conducted a mixed-methods study consisting of an accessibility audit of 87 data visualizations on the web to identify accessibility issues, an online survey of 127 screen reader users to understand lived experiences and preferences, and a remote contextual inquiry with 12 of the survey respondents to observe how they navigate, interpret, and gain insights from accessible data representations. Our observations during this critical period of time provide an understanding of the widespread accessibility issues encountered across online data visualizations, the impact that data accessibility inequities have on the BVI community, the ways screen reader users sought access to data-driven information and made use of online visualizations to form insights, and the pressing need to make larger strides towards improving data literacy, building confidence, and enriching methods of access. Based on our findings, we provide recommendations for researchers and practitioners to broaden data accessibility on the web.
数据可视化已成为越来越重要的有效数据通信手段,在传播新冠肺炎疫情进展方面发挥着至关重要的作用。然而,无障碍数据表示方式落后,使得许多盲人和视障用户无法接触到信息领域。在这项工作中,我们试图理解(1)当前网络可视化实现的可访问性;(2)英属维尔京群岛用户在访问数据驱动媒体时的偏好和当前体验;(3) web上的可访问数据表示如何满足这些用户的访问需求,并帮助他们浏览、解释和从数据中获得见解;(4)限制英属维尔京群岛用户访问和使用数据表示的实际挑战。为了回答这些问题,我们进行了一项混合方法的研究,包括对网络上87个数据可视化的可访问性审计,以确定可访问性问题,对127个屏幕阅读器用户进行在线调查,以了解他们的生活体验和偏好,并对12个调查受访者进行远程上下文查询,以观察他们如何导航、解释并从可访问数据表示中获得见解。我们在这一关键时期的观察让我们了解了在线数据可视化中遇到的广泛的可访问性问题,数据可访问性不平等对英属维尔京群岛社区的影响,屏幕阅读器用户寻求访问数据驱动信息和利用在线可视化形成见解的方式,以及在提高数据素养、建立信心和丰富访问方法方面取得更大进展的迫切需要。基于我们的发现,我们为研究人员和从业者提供了扩大网络数据可访问性的建议。
{"title":"The Accessibility of Data Visualizations on the Web for Screen Reader Users: Practices and Experiences During COVID-19","authors":"Danyang Fan, Alexa Fay Siu, Hrishikesh V. Rao, Gene S.-H. Kim, Xavier Vazquez, Lucy Greco, Sile O'Modhrain, Sean Follmer","doi":"10.1145/3557899","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3557899","url":null,"abstract":"Data visualization has become an increasingly important means of effective data communication and has played a vital role in broadcasting the progression of COVID-19. Accessible data representations, however, have lagged behind, leaving areas of information out of reach for many blind and visually impaired (BVI) users. In this work, we sought to understand (1) the accessibility of current implementations of visualizations on the web; (2) BVI users’ preferences and current experiences when accessing data-driven media; (3) how accessible data representations on the web address these users’ access needs and help them navigate, interpret, and gain insights from the data; and (4) the practical challenges that limit BVI users’ access and use of data representations. To answer these questions, we conducted a mixed-methods study consisting of an accessibility audit of 87 data visualizations on the web to identify accessibility issues, an online survey of 127 screen reader users to understand lived experiences and preferences, and a remote contextual inquiry with 12 of the survey respondents to observe how they navigate, interpret, and gain insights from accessible data representations. Our observations during this critical period of time provide an understanding of the widespread accessibility issues encountered across online data visualizations, the impact that data accessibility inequities have on the BVI community, the ways screen reader users sought access to data-driven information and made use of online visualizations to form insights, and the pressing need to make larger strides towards improving data literacy, building confidence, and enriching methods of access. Based on our findings, we provide recommendations for researchers and practitioners to broaden data accessibility on the web.","PeriodicalId":54128,"journal":{"name":"ACM Transactions on Accessible Computing","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2022-08-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74507259","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 5
AccessComics2: Understanding the User Experience of an Accessible Comic Book Reader for Blind People with Textual Sound Effects AccessComics2:理解带有文本音效的盲人无障碍漫画阅读器的用户体验
IF 2.4 Q2 Computer Science Pub Date : 2022-08-17 DOI: 10.1145/3555720
Yun Jung Lee, Hwayeon Joh, Suhyeon Yoo, U. Oh
For people with visual impairments, many studies have been conducted to improve the accessibility of various types of images on the web. However, the majority of the work focused on photos or graphs. In this study, we propose AccessComics, an accessible digital comic book reader for people with visual impairments. To understand the accessibility of existing platforms, we first conducted a formative online survey with 68 participants who are blind or have low vision asking about their prior experiences with audiobooks and eBooks. Then, to learn the implications of designing an accessible comic book reader for people with visual impairments, we conducted an interview study with eight participants and collected feedback about our system. Considering our findings that a brief description of the scene and sound effects are desired when listening to comic books, we conducted a follow-up study with 16 participants (8 blind, 8 sighted) to explore how to effectively provide scene descriptions and sound effects, generated based on the onomatopoeia and mimetic words that appear in comics. Then we assessed the impact of the overall reading experience and if it differs depending on the user group. The results show that the presence of scene descriptions was perceived to be useful for concentration and understanding the situation, while the sound effects were perceived to make the book-reading experience more immersive and realistic. Based on the findings, we suggest design implications specifying features that future accessible comic book readers should support.
对于有视觉障碍的人来说,已经进行了许多研究来提高网络上各种类型图像的可访问性。然而,大部分工作都集中在照片或图表上。在这项研究中,我们提出了AccessComics,一个为视觉障碍人士提供的无障碍数字漫画阅读器。为了了解现有平台的可访问性,我们首先对68名盲人或弱视人士进行了一项形成性的在线调查,询问他们以前使用有声读物和电子书的经历。然后,为了了解为视觉障碍人士设计无障碍漫画阅读器的含义,我们对8名参与者进行了访谈研究,并收集了对我们系统的反馈。考虑到我们的研究结果,在听漫画书时需要对场景和声音效果进行简短的描述,我们对16名参与者(8名盲人,8名正常人)进行了后续研究,探讨如何有效地提供基于漫画中出现的拟声词和模仿词的场景描述和声音效果。然后我们评估了整体阅读体验的影响,以及它是否因用户群体而异。结果表明,场景描述的存在被认为有助于集中注意力和理解情况,而声音效果被认为使读书体验更加身临其境和真实。基于这些发现,我们提出了设计建议,说明了未来无障碍漫画读者应该支持的功能。
{"title":"AccessComics2: Understanding the User Experience of an Accessible Comic Book Reader for Blind People with Textual Sound Effects","authors":"Yun Jung Lee, Hwayeon Joh, Suhyeon Yoo, U. Oh","doi":"10.1145/3555720","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3555720","url":null,"abstract":"For people with visual impairments, many studies have been conducted to improve the accessibility of various types of images on the web. However, the majority of the work focused on photos or graphs. In this study, we propose AccessComics, an accessible digital comic book reader for people with visual impairments. To understand the accessibility of existing platforms, we first conducted a formative online survey with 68 participants who are blind or have low vision asking about their prior experiences with audiobooks and eBooks. Then, to learn the implications of designing an accessible comic book reader for people with visual impairments, we conducted an interview study with eight participants and collected feedback about our system. Considering our findings that a brief description of the scene and sound effects are desired when listening to comic books, we conducted a follow-up study with 16 participants (8 blind, 8 sighted) to explore how to effectively provide scene descriptions and sound effects, generated based on the onomatopoeia and mimetic words that appear in comics. Then we assessed the impact of the overall reading experience and if it differs depending on the user group. The results show that the presence of scene descriptions was perceived to be useful for concentration and understanding the situation, while the sound effects were perceived to make the book-reading experience more immersive and realistic. Based on the findings, we suggest design implications specifying features that future accessible comic book readers should support.","PeriodicalId":54128,"journal":{"name":"ACM Transactions on Accessible Computing","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2022-08-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76742059","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 2
期刊
ACM Transactions on Accessible Computing
全部 Acc. Chem. Res. ACS Applied Bio Materials ACS Appl. Electron. Mater. ACS Appl. Energy Mater. ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces ACS Appl. Nano Mater. ACS Appl. Polym. Mater. ACS BIOMATER-SCI ENG ACS Catal. ACS Cent. Sci. ACS Chem. Biol. ACS Chemical Health & Safety ACS Chem. Neurosci. ACS Comb. Sci. ACS Earth Space Chem. ACS Energy Lett. ACS Infect. Dis. ACS Macro Lett. ACS Mater. Lett. ACS Med. Chem. Lett. ACS Nano ACS Omega ACS Photonics ACS Sens. ACS Sustainable Chem. Eng. ACS Synth. Biol. Anal. Chem. BIOCHEMISTRY-US Bioconjugate Chem. BIOMACROMOLECULES Chem. Res. Toxicol. Chem. Rev. Chem. Mater. CRYST GROWTH DES ENERG FUEL Environ. Sci. Technol. Environ. Sci. Technol. Lett. Eur. J. Inorg. Chem. IND ENG CHEM RES Inorg. Chem. J. Agric. Food. Chem. J. Chem. Eng. Data J. Chem. Educ. J. Chem. Inf. Model. J. Chem. Theory Comput. J. Med. Chem. J. Nat. Prod. J PROTEOME RES J. Am. Chem. Soc. LANGMUIR MACROMOLECULES Mol. Pharmaceutics Nano Lett. Org. Lett. ORG PROCESS RES DEV ORGANOMETALLICS J. Org. Chem. J. Phys. Chem. J. Phys. Chem. A J. Phys. Chem. B J. Phys. Chem. C J. Phys. Chem. Lett. Analyst Anal. Methods Biomater. Sci. Catal. Sci. Technol. Chem. Commun. Chem. Soc. Rev. CHEM EDUC RES PRACT CRYSTENGCOMM Dalton Trans. Energy Environ. Sci. ENVIRON SCI-NANO ENVIRON SCI-PROC IMP ENVIRON SCI-WAT RES Faraday Discuss. Food Funct. Green Chem. Inorg. Chem. Front. Integr. Biol. J. Anal. At. Spectrom. J. Mater. Chem. A J. Mater. Chem. B J. Mater. Chem. C Lab Chip Mater. Chem. Front. Mater. Horiz. MEDCHEMCOMM Metallomics Mol. Biosyst. Mol. Syst. Des. Eng. Nanoscale Nanoscale Horiz. Nat. Prod. Rep. New J. Chem. Org. Biomol. Chem. Org. Chem. Front. PHOTOCH PHOTOBIO SCI PCCP Polym. Chem.
×
引用
GB/T 7714-2015
复制
MLA
复制
APA
复制
导出至
BibTeX EndNote RefMan NoteFirst NoteExpress
×
0
微信
客服QQ
Book学术公众号 扫码关注我们
反馈
×
意见反馈
请填写您的意见或建议
请填写您的手机或邮箱
×
提示
您的信息不完整,为了账户安全,请先补充。
现在去补充
×
提示
您因"违规操作"
具体请查看互助需知
我知道了
×
提示
现在去查看 取消
×
提示
确定
Book学术官方微信
Book学术文献互助
Book学术文献互助群
群 号:481959085
Book学术
文献互助 智能选刊 最新文献 互助须知 联系我们:info@booksci.cn
Book学术提供免费学术资源搜索服务,方便国内外学者检索中英文文献。致力于提供最便捷和优质的服务体验。
Copyright © 2023 Book学术 All rights reserved.
ghs 京公网安备 11010802042870号 京ICP备2023020795号-1