Pub Date : 2023-06-04DOI: 10.1177/08854122231180216
Linda Shi, J. Fitzgerald
Growing climate impacts and ambitious calls to decarbonize society pose unprecedented challenges for cities and their built environments, political economic systems, and governance institutions. This special issue invites planning scholars to consider how planning research can inform transformative climate initiatives and how planning itself needs to transform to better support climate transformation. In this introduction, we review definitions of transformation, introduce each of the six articles and their approaches to transformation, and explore cross-cutting tensions among them. We conclude with our reflections for future research that would help planning prepare for and contribute to climate transformations.
{"title":"Introduction to the Special Issue: Planning for Climate Transformations","authors":"Linda Shi, J. Fitzgerald","doi":"10.1177/08854122231180216","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/08854122231180216","url":null,"abstract":"Growing climate impacts and ambitious calls to decarbonize society pose unprecedented challenges for cities and their built environments, political economic systems, and governance institutions. This special issue invites planning scholars to consider how planning research can inform transformative climate initiatives and how planning itself needs to transform to better support climate transformation. In this introduction, we review definitions of transformation, introduce each of the six articles and their approaches to transformation, and explore cross-cutting tensions among them. We conclude with our reflections for future research that would help planning prepare for and contribute to climate transformations.","PeriodicalId":54207,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Planning Literature","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2023-06-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48394993","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-05-01DOI: 10.1177/08854122221137861
Xinyue Ye, Jiaxin Du, Yu Han, Galen Newman, David Retchless, Lei Zou, Youngjib Ham, Zhenhang Cai
Urban digital twins (UDTs) have been identified as a potential technology to achieve digital transformative positive urban change through landscape architecture and urban planning. However, how this new technology will influence community resilience and adaptation planning is currently unclear. This article: (1) offers a scoping review of existing studies constructing UDTs, (2) identifies challenges and opportunities of UDT technologies for community adaptation planning, and (3) develops a conceptual framework of UDTs for community infrastructure resilience. This article highlights the need for integrating multi-agent interactions, artificial intelligence, and coupled natural–physical–social systems into a human-centered UDTs framework to improve community infrastructure resilience.
{"title":"Developing Human-Centered Urban Digital Twins for Community Infrastructure Resilience: A Research Agenda.","authors":"Xinyue Ye, Jiaxin Du, Yu Han, Galen Newman, David Retchless, Lei Zou, Youngjib Ham, Zhenhang Cai","doi":"10.1177/08854122221137861","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/08854122221137861","url":null,"abstract":"Urban digital twins (UDTs) have been identified as a potential technology to achieve digital transformative positive urban change through landscape architecture and urban planning. However, how this new technology will influence community resilience and adaptation planning is currently unclear. This article: (1) offers a scoping review of existing studies constructing UDTs, (2) identifies challenges and opportunities of UDT technologies for community adaptation planning, and (3) develops a conceptual framework of UDTs for community infrastructure resilience. This article highlights the need for integrating multi-agent interactions, artificial intelligence, and coupled natural–physical–social systems into a human-centered UDTs framework to improve community infrastructure resilience.","PeriodicalId":54207,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Planning Literature","volume":"38 2","pages":"187-199"},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2023-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10162701/pdf/nihms-1868604.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9492997","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-04-04DOI: 10.1177/08854122231166961
Yonah Freemark
Many policymakers concerned about high housing costs argue that easing development through altered land-use regulations can increase building, thereby boosting affordability and reducing segregation. I develop a framework to explain links—sometimes contradictory—between upzonings and construction, prices, and demographics. I evaluate scholarship and compare findings with research on downzonings impeding development. Evidence indicates that upzonings offer mixed success in terms of housing production, reduced costs, and social integration in impacted neighborhoods; outcomes depend on market demand, local context, housing types, and timing. Research on regional upzoning impacts is nascent but outcomes appear positive. Downzonings limit construction and worsen affordability.
{"title":"Zoning Change: Upzonings, Downzonings, and Their Impacts on Residential Construction, Housing Costs, and Neighborhood Demographics","authors":"Yonah Freemark","doi":"10.1177/08854122231166961","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/08854122231166961","url":null,"abstract":"Many policymakers concerned about high housing costs argue that easing development through altered land-use regulations can increase building, thereby boosting affordability and reducing segregation. I develop a framework to explain links—sometimes contradictory—between upzonings and construction, prices, and demographics. I evaluate scholarship and compare findings with research on downzonings impeding development. Evidence indicates that upzonings offer mixed success in terms of housing production, reduced costs, and social integration in impacted neighborhoods; outcomes depend on market demand, local context, housing types, and timing. Research on regional upzoning impacts is nascent but outcomes appear positive. Downzonings limit construction and worsen affordability.","PeriodicalId":54207,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Planning Literature","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2023-04-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43327392","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-03-15DOI: 10.1177/08854122231157708
Heeseo Rain Kwon, Elisabete A. Silva
Despite the popularity of the “behavioral approach,” there is as yet a lack of guidance on the selection and use of appropriate behavioral theories for specific planning purposes. Based on a literature review of 318 articles in spatial planning-related journals, this paper presents a portfolio of behavioral theories by types of behavior, key variables, rules, and research methods. In addition, based on the survey of twenty-two international experts, it cross-validates the findings and highlights particularly appropriate theories for certain types of behavior dealt in related disciplines. Finally, the paper derives discussion points including the applicability of various behavioral theories in urban models such as space and time-sensitive dynamic simulations.
{"title":"Matching Behavioral Theories and Rules with Research Methods in Spatial Planning-Related Fields","authors":"Heeseo Rain Kwon, Elisabete A. Silva","doi":"10.1177/08854122231157708","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/08854122231157708","url":null,"abstract":"Despite the popularity of the “behavioral approach,” there is as yet a lack of guidance on the selection and use of appropriate behavioral theories for specific planning purposes. Based on a literature review of 318 articles in spatial planning-related journals, this paper presents a portfolio of behavioral theories by types of behavior, key variables, rules, and research methods. In addition, based on the survey of twenty-two international experts, it cross-validates the findings and highlights particularly appropriate theories for certain types of behavior dealt in related disciplines. Finally, the paper derives discussion points including the applicability of various behavioral theories in urban models such as space and time-sensitive dynamic simulations.","PeriodicalId":54207,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Planning Literature","volume":"38 1","pages":"245 - 262"},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2023-03-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48862652","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-03-09DOI: 10.1177/08854122231160796
A. Forsyth, Ying Lyu
A growing number of programs promoted by planners and others have aimed to foster communities that support older people. Do such programs make a substantial difference? Through a scoping review of research evaluating WHO-style age-friendly community initiatives (AFCIs), we investigate what kind of outcomes such initiatives have achieved and factors facilitating or hindering them. Elements affecting implementation varied by geographies. They included external resources (e.g., government support, funding, consultants), local resources (e.g., community size, demographics, staff, infrastructure), engaged local participants (e.g., partnerships, champions, older people), and effective strategies to build support (e.g., quick wins, awareness building, cultural sensitivity).
{"title":"Making Communities Age-Friendly: Lessons From Implemented Programs","authors":"A. Forsyth, Ying Lyu","doi":"10.1177/08854122231160796","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/08854122231160796","url":null,"abstract":"A growing number of programs promoted by planners and others have aimed to foster communities that support older people. Do such programs make a substantial difference? Through a scoping review of research evaluating WHO-style age-friendly community initiatives (AFCIs), we investigate what kind of outcomes such initiatives have achieved and factors facilitating or hindering them. Elements affecting implementation varied by geographies. They included external resources (e.g., government support, funding, consultants), local resources (e.g., community size, demographics, staff, infrastructure), engaged local participants (e.g., partnerships, champions, older people), and effective strategies to build support (e.g., quick wins, awareness building, cultural sensitivity).","PeriodicalId":54207,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Planning Literature","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2023-03-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44279094","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-03-02DOI: 10.1177/08854122231154495
Vanesa Castán Broto, Linda Westman, Ping Huang
Urban areas mediate climate transformations and generate new forms of climate urbanism. Looking at climate action in the twelve fastest-growing cities in China with under one million people, this paper proposes a perspective on urban climate politics ‘from elsewhere' that foregrounds the potential role of smaller urban areas in mediating climate transformations. The analysis reveals three climate action strategies that reflect practical, institutional, and personal spheres of climate transformations. Planning action in the personal sphere provides opportunities for urban transformations. A perspective ‘from elsewhere’ calls for greater attention to planning for diverse change strategies for climate transformation.
{"title":"For an Urban Politics of Looking Elsewhere: Climate Action in Rapidly Growing Chinese Cities","authors":"Vanesa Castán Broto, Linda Westman, Ping Huang","doi":"10.1177/08854122231154495","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/08854122231154495","url":null,"abstract":"Urban areas mediate climate transformations and generate new forms of climate urbanism. Looking at climate action in the twelve fastest-growing cities in China with under one million people, this paper proposes a perspective on urban climate politics ‘from elsewhere' that foregrounds the potential role of smaller urban areas in mediating climate transformations. The analysis reveals three climate action strategies that reflect practical, institutional, and personal spheres of climate transformations. Planning action in the personal sphere provides opportunities for urban transformations. A perspective ‘from elsewhere’ calls for greater attention to planning for diverse change strategies for climate transformation.","PeriodicalId":54207,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Planning Literature","volume":"38 1","pages":"380 - 394"},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2023-03-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43154910","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-02-27DOI: 10.1177/08854122231158768
Sanaa Anabtawi
Compact city policy applications are expanding rapidly worldwide, and so is research on the topic. This review sampled 92 publications from the last 5 years mentioning this model in their titles. A theme-centric approach was used to analyze them in order to shed light on three central questions: how do recent contributions understand and operationalize the composition of compact cities? How do they enhance existing knowledge about the model's externalities and impacts on sustainability objectives? And finally, what lessons can be learned regarding strategies of implementation and how they map onto persistent challenges and evolving policy instruments?
{"title":"Towards a Better Understanding of Compact Cities","authors":"Sanaa Anabtawi","doi":"10.1177/08854122231158768","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/08854122231158768","url":null,"abstract":"Compact city policy applications are expanding rapidly worldwide, and so is research on the topic. This review sampled 92 publications from the last 5 years mentioning this model in their titles. A theme-centric approach was used to analyze them in order to shed light on three central questions: how do recent contributions understand and operationalize the composition of compact cities? How do they enhance existing knowledge about the model's externalities and impacts on sustainability objectives? And finally, what lessons can be learned regarding strategies of implementation and how they map onto persistent challenges and evolving policy instruments?","PeriodicalId":54207,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Planning Literature","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2023-02-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49085186","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-02-01DOI: 10.1177/08854122221087472
Carolyn McAndrews, R. Schneider, Yicong Yang, Gene Kohn, A. Schmitz, Forrest Elliott, Jessica Pittner, Hans Purisch
Research offers ample insights into how people of different genders could experience transportation systems in equitable ways, but gender equity is still not part of mainstream transportation practice. We propose that Complete Streets could serve as an implementation system to advance gender equity. We provide empirical information, gender concepts, and regional cases from literatures on gender and transportation, multimodal travel, and public space to support this call to action. We find that a gender-aware Complete Streets movement would: 1) implement gender-specific tools and data; 2) address social environments and infrastructure; and 3) establish a gender-inclusive agenda to reform transportation policy.
{"title":"Toward a Gender-Inclusive Complete Streets Movement","authors":"Carolyn McAndrews, R. Schneider, Yicong Yang, Gene Kohn, A. Schmitz, Forrest Elliott, Jessica Pittner, Hans Purisch","doi":"10.1177/08854122221087472","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/08854122221087472","url":null,"abstract":"Research offers ample insights into how people of different genders could experience transportation systems in equitable ways, but gender equity is still not part of mainstream transportation practice. We propose that Complete Streets could serve as an implementation system to advance gender equity. We provide empirical information, gender concepts, and regional cases from literatures on gender and transportation, multimodal travel, and public space to support this call to action. We find that a gender-aware Complete Streets movement would: 1) implement gender-specific tools and data; 2) address social environments and infrastructure; and 3) establish a gender-inclusive agenda to reform transportation policy.","PeriodicalId":54207,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Planning Literature","volume":"38 1","pages":"3 - 18"},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2023-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45197867","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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