Pub Date : 2019-02-02DOI: 10.1007/s40641-019-00122-1
Rebecca Froese, J. Schilling
{"title":"The Nexus of Climate Change, Land Use, and Conflicts","authors":"Rebecca Froese, J. Schilling","doi":"10.1007/s40641-019-00122-1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s40641-019-00122-1","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":54235,"journal":{"name":"Current climate change reports","volume":"5 1","pages":"24-35"},"PeriodicalIF":9.5,"publicationDate":"2019-02-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1007/s40641-019-00122-1","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46301610","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-01-31DOI: 10.1007/s40641-019-00121-2
Andreas Miles-Novelo, C. Anderson
{"title":"Climate Change and Psychology: Effects of Rapid Global Warming on Violence and Aggression","authors":"Andreas Miles-Novelo, C. Anderson","doi":"10.1007/s40641-019-00121-2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s40641-019-00121-2","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":54235,"journal":{"name":"Current climate change reports","volume":"5 1","pages":"36-46"},"PeriodicalIF":9.5,"publicationDate":"2019-01-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1007/s40641-019-00121-2","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43452437","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-01-25DOI: 10.1007/s40641-019-00120-3
A. Wing
{"title":"Self-Aggregation of Deep Convection and its Implications for Climate","authors":"A. Wing","doi":"10.1007/s40641-019-00120-3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s40641-019-00120-3","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":54235,"journal":{"name":"Current climate change reports","volume":"5 1","pages":"1-11"},"PeriodicalIF":9.5,"publicationDate":"2019-01-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1007/s40641-019-00120-3","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"52753721","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-01-01Epub Date: 2019-09-10DOI: 10.1007/s40641-019-00141-y
Peter M Cox
Purpose of review: Feedbacks between CO2-induced climate change and the carbon cycle are now routinely represented in the Earth System Models (ESMs) that are used to make projections of future climate change. The inconclusion of climate-carbon cycle feedbacks in climate projections is an important advance, but has added a significant new source of uncertainty. This review assesses the potential for emergent constraints to reduce the uncertainties associated with climate-carbon cycle feedbacks.
Recent findings: The emergent constraint technique involves using the full ensemble of models to find an across-ensemble relationship between an observable feature of the Earth System (such as a trend, interannual variation or change in seasonality) and an uncertain aspect of the future. Examples focussing on reducing uncertainties in future atmospheric CO2 concentration, carbon loss from tropical land under warming and CO2 fertilization of mid- and high-latitude photosynthesis are exemplars of these different types of emergent constraints.
Summary: The power of emergent constraints is that they use the enduring range in model projections to reduce uncertainty in the future of the real Earth System, but there are also risks that indiscriminate data-mining, and systematic model errors could yield misleading constraints. A hypothesis-driven theory-led approach can overcome these risks and also reveal the true promise of emergent constraints-not just as ways to reduce uncertainty in future climate change but also to catalyse advances in our understanding of the Earth System.
{"title":"Emergent Constraints on Climate-Carbon Cycle Feedbacks.","authors":"Peter M Cox","doi":"10.1007/s40641-019-00141-y","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s40641-019-00141-y","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose of review: </strong>Feedbacks between CO<sub>2</sub>-induced climate change and the carbon cycle are now routinely represented in the Earth System Models (ESMs) that are used to make projections of future climate change. The inconclusion of climate-carbon cycle feedbacks in climate projections is an important advance, but has added a significant new source of uncertainty. This review assesses the potential for emergent constraints to reduce the uncertainties associated with climate-carbon cycle feedbacks.</p><p><strong>Recent findings: </strong>The emergent constraint technique involves using the full ensemble of models to find an across-ensemble relationship between an observable feature of the Earth System (such as a trend, interannual variation or change in seasonality) and an uncertain aspect of the future. Examples focussing on reducing uncertainties in future atmospheric CO<sub>2</sub> concentration, carbon loss from tropical land under warming and CO<sub>2</sub> fertilization of mid- and high-latitude photosynthesis are exemplars of these different types of emergent constraints.</p><p><strong>Summary: </strong>The power of emergent constraints is that they use the enduring range in model projections to reduce uncertainty in the future of the real Earth System, but there are also risks that indiscriminate data-mining, and systematic model errors could yield misleading constraints. A hypothesis-driven theory-led approach can overcome these risks and also reveal the true promise of emergent constraints-not just as ways to reduce uncertainty in future climate change but also to catalyse advances in our understanding of the Earth System.</p>","PeriodicalId":54235,"journal":{"name":"Current climate change reports","volume":"5 4","pages":"275-281"},"PeriodicalIF":9.5,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1007/s40641-019-00141-y","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"37483390","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-01-01Epub Date: 2019-11-21DOI: 10.1007/s40641-019-00147-6
Robert C J Wills, Rachel H White, Xavier J Levine
Purpose of review: Stationary waves are planetary-scale longitudinal variations in the time-averaged atmospheric circulation. Here, we consider the projected response of Northern Hemisphere stationary waves to climate change in winter and summer. We discuss how the response varies across different metrics, identify robust responses, and review proposed mechanisms.
Recent findings: Climate models project shifts in the prevailing wind patterns, with corresponding impacts on regional precipitation, temperature, and extreme events. Recent work has improved our understanding of the links between stationary waves and regional climate and identified robust stationary wave responses to climate change, which include an increased zonal lengthscale in winter, a poleward shift of the wintertime circulation over the Pacific, a weakening of monsoonal circulations, and an overall weakening of stationary wave circulations, particularly their divergent component and quasi-stationary disturbances.
Summary: Numerous factors influence Northern Hemisphere stationary waves, and mechanistic theories exist for only a few aspects of the stationary wave response to climate change. Idealized studies have proven useful for understanding the climate responses of particular atmospheric circulation features and should be a continued focus of future research.
{"title":"Northern Hemisphere Stationary Waves in a Changing Climate.","authors":"Robert C J Wills, Rachel H White, Xavier J Levine","doi":"10.1007/s40641-019-00147-6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s40641-019-00147-6","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose of review: </strong>Stationary waves are planetary-scale longitudinal variations in the time-averaged atmospheric circulation. Here, we consider the projected response of Northern Hemisphere stationary waves to climate change in winter and summer. We discuss how the response varies across different metrics, identify robust responses, and review proposed mechanisms.</p><p><strong>Recent findings: </strong>Climate models project shifts in the prevailing wind patterns, with corresponding impacts on regional precipitation, temperature, and extreme events. Recent work has improved our understanding of the links between stationary waves and regional climate and identified robust stationary wave responses to climate change, which include an increased zonal lengthscale in winter, a poleward shift of the wintertime circulation over the Pacific, a weakening of monsoonal circulations, and an overall weakening of stationary wave circulations, particularly their divergent component and quasi-stationary disturbances.</p><p><strong>Summary: </strong>Numerous factors influence Northern Hemisphere stationary waves, and mechanistic theories exist for only a few aspects of the stationary wave response to climate change. Idealized studies have proven useful for understanding the climate responses of particular atmospheric circulation features and should be a continued focus of future research.</p>","PeriodicalId":54235,"journal":{"name":"Current climate change reports","volume":"5 4","pages":"372-389"},"PeriodicalIF":9.5,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1007/s40641-019-00147-6","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"37536166","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-10-20DOI: 10.1007/s40641-018-0118-x
Florian Krampe, Malin Mobjörk
{"title":"Responding to Climate-Related Security Risks: Reviewing Regional Organizations in Asia and Africa","authors":"Florian Krampe, Malin Mobjörk","doi":"10.1007/s40641-018-0118-x","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s40641-018-0118-x","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":54235,"journal":{"name":"Current climate change reports","volume":"4 1","pages":"330-337"},"PeriodicalIF":9.5,"publicationDate":"2018-10-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1007/s40641-018-0118-x","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47089626","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-09-29DOI: 10.1007/s40641-018-0116-z
Joshua W. Busby
{"title":"Taking Stock: the Field of Climate and Security","authors":"Joshua W. Busby","doi":"10.1007/s40641-018-0116-z","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s40641-018-0116-z","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":54235,"journal":{"name":"Current climate change reports","volume":"4 1","pages":"338-346"},"PeriodicalIF":9.5,"publicationDate":"2018-09-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1007/s40641-018-0116-z","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44351116","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-09-06DOI: 10.1007/s40641-018-0115-0
T. Ide
{"title":"Climate War in the Middle East? Drought, the Syrian Civil War and the State of Climate-Conflict Research","authors":"T. Ide","doi":"10.1007/s40641-018-0115-0","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s40641-018-0115-0","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":54235,"journal":{"name":"Current climate change reports","volume":"4 1","pages":"347-354"},"PeriodicalIF":9.5,"publicationDate":"2018-09-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1007/s40641-018-0115-0","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46119328","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-09-06DOI: 10.1007/s40641-018-0114-1
A. Cherchi, T. Ambrizzi, S. Behera, A. C. Freitas, Y. Morioka, T. Zhou
{"title":"The Response of Subtropical Highs to Climate Change","authors":"A. Cherchi, T. Ambrizzi, S. Behera, A. C. Freitas, Y. Morioka, T. Zhou","doi":"10.1007/s40641-018-0114-1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s40641-018-0114-1","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":54235,"journal":{"name":"Current climate change reports","volume":"4 1","pages":"371-382"},"PeriodicalIF":9.5,"publicationDate":"2018-09-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1007/s40641-018-0114-1","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44292174","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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