Pub Date : 2024-08-01DOI: 10.1016/S2352-4642(24)00205-0
{"title":"Correction to Lancet Child Adolesc Health 2024; published online July 29. https://doi.org/10.1016/S2352-4642(24)00145-7","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/S2352-4642(24)00205-0","DOIUrl":"10.1016/S2352-4642(24)00205-0","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":54238,"journal":{"name":"Lancet Child & Adolescent Health","volume":"8 9","pages":"Page e11"},"PeriodicalIF":19.9,"publicationDate":"2024-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2352464224002050/pdfft?md5=f32e9f991947b5607f0c1a398cce0050&pid=1-s2.0-S2352464224002050-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141891462","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-07-31DOI: 10.1016/S2352-4642(24)00128-7
Prof Eric A F Simões MD , Phyllis Carosone-Link MSPH , Diozele M Sanvictores BS , Kristin M Uhler PhD , Marilla Lucero MD , Veronica Tallo MD , Prof Kenny H Chan MD
<div><h3>Background</h3><p>Pneumococcal conjugate vaccines (PCVs) have been shown in randomised controlled trials and epidemiological studies to prevent acute otitis media caused by vaccine serotype pneumococci, although their role in preventing complications of acute otitis media is less clear. We hypothesised that the 11-valent PCV would reduce the long-term sequelae of acute otitis media, including moderate-to-severe ear disease and hearing loss.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>This prospective cohort study, referred to as 11PCV study, included follow-up after 16–20 years of children previously enrolled in 2000–04, at age 6 weeks to 6 months, in the randomised, placebo-controlled, ARIVAC trial of 11-valent PCV for the prevention of radiographical pneumonia. The ARIVAC trial and this 11PCV study were conducted at six study centres in Bohol, Philippines. Ear disease was classified using video-otoscopy review and observations derived from the ear exam. The final classification of the worst ear disease was mild (ie, acute otitis media, otitis media with effusion, healed perforation, or tympanosclerosis), moderate (ie, dry perforation or adhesive otitis media), or severe (chronic suppurative otitis media). Hearing loss was assessed following a standard schema and classified according to the worst ear as mild (>15 to 30 dB puretone average) or moderate-to-profound (>30 dB pure tone average). We calculated the relative and absolute risk reduction in the primary outcome of moderate-to-severe ear disease and the secondary outcomes of mild or moderate-to-profound hearing loss in adolescents who previously received the 11-valent PCV compared with those who received placebo during infancy in ARIVAC.</p></div><div><h3>Findings</h3><p>Of the 15 593 children assessed for eligibility in ARIVAC, 12 194 were randomly assigned and 8926 were alive and could be located for enrolment in this 11PCV study between Sept 19, 2016, and Dec 13, 2019. 8321 (4188 in the vaccine group and 4133 in the placebo group) completed follow-up of the 11PCV study by March 30, 2020, and had sufficient data to classify ear disease and be included in the primary outcome analysis. The primary outcome of the absolute risk reduction in moderate-to-severe ear disease in the vaccine group (310 [7·4%] of 4188) versus those in the placebo group (356 [8·6%] of 4133) was 1·2% (95% CI 0·0–2·4; p=0·046) and the relative risk reduction was 14·1% (0·0 to 26·0). There were no differences in secondary outcomes of mild hearing loss or moderate-to-profound hearing loss between the vaccine and placebo groups.</p></div><div><h3>Interpretation</h3><p>The absolute risk reduction for moderate-to-severe ear disease in adolescence of 1·2% (12 per 1000 children) was almost three times higher than the 0·45% reduction (4·5 per 1000 children) in radiographical pneumonia in the first 2 years of life shown in ARIVAC. Administration of 11-valent PCV in infancy was associated with absolute and relative risk redu
{"title":"Otitis media sequelae and hearing in adolescence after administration of an 11-valent conjugate pneumococcal vaccine in infancy: a prospective cohort study with long-term follow-up of the ARIVAC trial","authors":"Prof Eric A F Simões MD , Phyllis Carosone-Link MSPH , Diozele M Sanvictores BS , Kristin M Uhler PhD , Marilla Lucero MD , Veronica Tallo MD , Prof Kenny H Chan MD","doi":"10.1016/S2352-4642(24)00128-7","DOIUrl":"10.1016/S2352-4642(24)00128-7","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>Pneumococcal conjugate vaccines (PCVs) have been shown in randomised controlled trials and epidemiological studies to prevent acute otitis media caused by vaccine serotype pneumococci, although their role in preventing complications of acute otitis media is less clear. We hypothesised that the 11-valent PCV would reduce the long-term sequelae of acute otitis media, including moderate-to-severe ear disease and hearing loss.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>This prospective cohort study, referred to as 11PCV study, included follow-up after 16–20 years of children previously enrolled in 2000–04, at age 6 weeks to 6 months, in the randomised, placebo-controlled, ARIVAC trial of 11-valent PCV for the prevention of radiographical pneumonia. The ARIVAC trial and this 11PCV study were conducted at six study centres in Bohol, Philippines. Ear disease was classified using video-otoscopy review and observations derived from the ear exam. The final classification of the worst ear disease was mild (ie, acute otitis media, otitis media with effusion, healed perforation, or tympanosclerosis), moderate (ie, dry perforation or adhesive otitis media), or severe (chronic suppurative otitis media). Hearing loss was assessed following a standard schema and classified according to the worst ear as mild (>15 to 30 dB puretone average) or moderate-to-profound (>30 dB pure tone average). We calculated the relative and absolute risk reduction in the primary outcome of moderate-to-severe ear disease and the secondary outcomes of mild or moderate-to-profound hearing loss in adolescents who previously received the 11-valent PCV compared with those who received placebo during infancy in ARIVAC.</p></div><div><h3>Findings</h3><p>Of the 15 593 children assessed for eligibility in ARIVAC, 12 194 were randomly assigned and 8926 were alive and could be located for enrolment in this 11PCV study between Sept 19, 2016, and Dec 13, 2019. 8321 (4188 in the vaccine group and 4133 in the placebo group) completed follow-up of the 11PCV study by March 30, 2020, and had sufficient data to classify ear disease and be included in the primary outcome analysis. The primary outcome of the absolute risk reduction in moderate-to-severe ear disease in the vaccine group (310 [7·4%] of 4188) versus those in the placebo group (356 [8·6%] of 4133) was 1·2% (95% CI 0·0–2·4; p=0·046) and the relative risk reduction was 14·1% (0·0 to 26·0). There were no differences in secondary outcomes of mild hearing loss or moderate-to-profound hearing loss between the vaccine and placebo groups.</p></div><div><h3>Interpretation</h3><p>The absolute risk reduction for moderate-to-severe ear disease in adolescence of 1·2% (12 per 1000 children) was almost three times higher than the 0·45% reduction (4·5 per 1000 children) in radiographical pneumonia in the first 2 years of life shown in ARIVAC. Administration of 11-valent PCV in infancy was associated with absolute and relative risk redu","PeriodicalId":54238,"journal":{"name":"Lancet Child & Adolescent Health","volume":"8 9","pages":"Pages 647-655"},"PeriodicalIF":19.9,"publicationDate":"2024-07-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2352464224001287/pdfft?md5=ae3e8862e73098b8a04ac2f96d7f784b&pid=1-s2.0-S2352464224001287-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141891463","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
<div><h3>Background</h3><p>Intimate partner violence is a serious public health problem and negatively affects short-term and long-term health, development, and wellbeing of adolescent girls. Global estimates from WHO have shown that adolescent girls aged 15–19 years experience high rates of intimate partner violence. We aimed to estimate the lifetime and past-year prevalence and patterns of physical or sexual intimate partner violence against adolescent girls by male partners across 161 countries and areas, and to examine the country-level factors, including the prevalence of child marriage, associated with the lifetime and past-year prevalence of intimate partner violence in this age group.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>These analyses used the 2018 global, regional, and country estimates on intimate partner violence published by WHO and economic, social, and political metadata from subject-specific databases. Drawing on data from the WHO Global Database on Prevalence of Violence Against Women, we used hierarchical Bayesian modelling techniques to estimate lifetime and past-year prevalence of physical or sexual (or both) intimate partner violence against adolescent girls aged 15–19 years by country. Linear regression methods were used to examine contextual social, economic, and political factors associated with intimate partner violence against adolescent girls in the 101 countries (lifetime prevalence) and 105 countries (past-year prevalence) for which these metadata were available.</p></div><div><h3>Findings</h3><p>The estimated global prevalence of physical or sexual intimate partner violence against ever-partnered adolescent girls aged 15–19 years was 24% (95% uncertainty interval 21–28) in their lifetime and 16% (14–19) in the past year. Prevalence varied greatly across countries and regions, with lifetime prevalence ranging from 6% (3–11) in Georgia to 49% (35–64) in Papua New Guinea. Overall, the prevalence of both lifetime (154 countries) and past-year (157 countries) intimate partner violence against adolescent girls was higher in low-income and lower-middle-income countries and regions than in high-income countries and regions. Countries with higher rates of female secondary school enrolment and those with inheritance laws that are more gender-equal had lower prevalence of intimate partner violence against adolescent girls. Lower-income countries and societies with a high prevalence of child marriage had higher prevalence of physical or sexual intimate partner violence against adolescent girls.</p></div><div><h3>Interpretation</h3><p>Our findings highlight the widespread prevalence of intimate partner violence against adolescent girls across the globe and its relationship with country-level contextual factors. They emphasise the need for promoting and ensuring policies and programmes that increase and ensure gender equality. Countries should strive to provide secondary education for all girls, ensure equal property rights for women,
{"title":"Intimate partner violence against adolescent girls: regional and national prevalence estimates and associated country-level factors","authors":"LynnMarie Sardinha PhD , Ilknur Yüksel-Kaptanoğlu PhD , Mathieu Maheu-Giroux ScD , Claudia García-Moreno MD","doi":"10.1016/S2352-4642(24)00145-7","DOIUrl":"10.1016/S2352-4642(24)00145-7","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>Intimate partner violence is a serious public health problem and negatively affects short-term and long-term health, development, and wellbeing of adolescent girls. Global estimates from WHO have shown that adolescent girls aged 15–19 years experience high rates of intimate partner violence. We aimed to estimate the lifetime and past-year prevalence and patterns of physical or sexual intimate partner violence against adolescent girls by male partners across 161 countries and areas, and to examine the country-level factors, including the prevalence of child marriage, associated with the lifetime and past-year prevalence of intimate partner violence in this age group.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>These analyses used the 2018 global, regional, and country estimates on intimate partner violence published by WHO and economic, social, and political metadata from subject-specific databases. Drawing on data from the WHO Global Database on Prevalence of Violence Against Women, we used hierarchical Bayesian modelling techniques to estimate lifetime and past-year prevalence of physical or sexual (or both) intimate partner violence against adolescent girls aged 15–19 years by country. Linear regression methods were used to examine contextual social, economic, and political factors associated with intimate partner violence against adolescent girls in the 101 countries (lifetime prevalence) and 105 countries (past-year prevalence) for which these metadata were available.</p></div><div><h3>Findings</h3><p>The estimated global prevalence of physical or sexual intimate partner violence against ever-partnered adolescent girls aged 15–19 years was 24% (95% uncertainty interval 21–28) in their lifetime and 16% (14–19) in the past year. Prevalence varied greatly across countries and regions, with lifetime prevalence ranging from 6% (3–11) in Georgia to 49% (35–64) in Papua New Guinea. Overall, the prevalence of both lifetime (154 countries) and past-year (157 countries) intimate partner violence against adolescent girls was higher in low-income and lower-middle-income countries and regions than in high-income countries and regions. Countries with higher rates of female secondary school enrolment and those with inheritance laws that are more gender-equal had lower prevalence of intimate partner violence against adolescent girls. Lower-income countries and societies with a high prevalence of child marriage had higher prevalence of physical or sexual intimate partner violence against adolescent girls.</p></div><div><h3>Interpretation</h3><p>Our findings highlight the widespread prevalence of intimate partner violence against adolescent girls across the globe and its relationship with country-level contextual factors. They emphasise the need for promoting and ensuring policies and programmes that increase and ensure gender equality. Countries should strive to provide secondary education for all girls, ensure equal property rights for women,","PeriodicalId":54238,"journal":{"name":"Lancet Child & Adolescent Health","volume":"8 9","pages":"Pages 636-646"},"PeriodicalIF":19.9,"publicationDate":"2024-07-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2352464224001457/pdfft?md5=da4fe445673c951cdf370a1914c26d4a&pid=1-s2.0-S2352464224001457-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141862361","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-07-29DOI: 10.1016/S2352-4642(24)00177-9
Jiayu Wang , Abigail M Hatcher , Nora E Rosenberg
{"title":"Violence to resilience: structural change to protect adolescent girls","authors":"Jiayu Wang , Abigail M Hatcher , Nora E Rosenberg","doi":"10.1016/S2352-4642(24)00177-9","DOIUrl":"10.1016/S2352-4642(24)00177-9","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":54238,"journal":{"name":"Lancet Child & Adolescent Health","volume":"8 9","pages":"Pages 613-614"},"PeriodicalIF":19.9,"publicationDate":"2024-07-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141877117","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-07-26DOI: 10.1016/S2352-4642(24)00200-1
Dean Leake, Grace Ward
{"title":"A community-based approach to young people's health and wellbeing: reflections from peer researchers","authors":"Dean Leake, Grace Ward","doi":"10.1016/S2352-4642(24)00200-1","DOIUrl":"10.1016/S2352-4642(24)00200-1","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":54238,"journal":{"name":"Lancet Child & Adolescent Health","volume":"8 10","pages":"Pages 719-720"},"PeriodicalIF":19.9,"publicationDate":"2024-07-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141794467","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-07-17DOI: 10.1016/S2352-4642(24)00166-4
Adesola Olumide
{"title":"Mental health help-seeking by children and adolescents in Uganda's refugee settlements","authors":"Adesola Olumide","doi":"10.1016/S2352-4642(24)00166-4","DOIUrl":"10.1016/S2352-4642(24)00166-4","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":54238,"journal":{"name":"Lancet Child & Adolescent Health","volume":"8 8","pages":"Pages 546-547"},"PeriodicalIF":19.9,"publicationDate":"2024-07-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141637771","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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