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Listening inside the trees: A novel and simple method to find active nest of stingless bees (Hymenoptera: Apidae, Meliponini) in Dry Chaco forests 树内聆听:在干查科森林中寻找无刺蜜蜂(膜翅目:蜂科,蜂科)活跃巢穴的一种新颖而简单的方法
IF 0.5 4区 农林科学 Q4 ENTOMOLOGY Pub Date : 2022-12-31 DOI: 10.25085/rsea.810412
Patricia V. Zelaya, Ángeles Arias, Cyntia Brandán, C. Molineri, S. Bravo
Forests are essential for human wellbeing since they provide multiple goods and services (of regulation, provision, cultural) that benefit human health. Insect pollinators represent one of the most important components of forest diversity because they have a significant role both in the plant species biodiversity conservation and agricultural production. In a multiannual monitoring of Meliponini wild colonies in a Dry Chaco forest, we have used a simple method to find colonies inside trees, even when conditions prevented foraging-activity of bees (cold, extreme heat). We briefly describe this method here and discuss its utility for ecologists and peasant communities.
森林对人类福祉至关重要,因为它们提供了多种有益于人类健康的商品和服务(监管、供应、文化)。昆虫传粉昆虫是森林多样性最重要的组成部分之一,因为它们在植物物种生物多样性保护和农业生产中都发挥着重要作用。在对干燥的Chaco森林中的Meliponini野生群落进行的多年监测中,我们使用了一种简单的方法来寻找树内的群落,即使条件阻碍了蜜蜂的觅食活动(寒冷、酷热)。我们在这里简要介绍了这种方法,并讨论了它对生态学家和农民社区的实用性。
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引用次数: 1
The larval stages of the variegated mud-loving beetle Heterocerus similis Grouvelle (Coleoptera: Heteroceridae) 杂色喜泥甲虫异尾虫Grouvelle的幼虫阶段(鞘翅目:异尾虫科)
IF 0.5 4区 农林科学 Q4 ENTOMOLOGY Pub Date : 2022-12-31 DOI: 10.25085/rsea.810403
M. Archangelsky
Last instar larvae of the variegated mud-loving beetle Heterocerus similis Grouvelle are described and illustrated in detail. Comparative notes with earlier instars are also included. Based on the width of the head capsule and the prothorax four different instars were identified; considering that heterocerids show five larval instars, the four instars identified probably correspond to the last four. Larval length was not useful to recognize among different larval stages. The larva of H. similis is compared to that of H. freudei (Pacheco), the only other described South American heterocerid larva.
对喜泥斑蚧异尾虫的末龄幼虫进行了详细的描述和说明。还包括与早期幼虫的比较说明。根据头囊和前胸的宽度,鉴定出四个不同的龄期;考虑到异源虫有五个幼虫龄,鉴定出的四个幼虫龄可能对应于最后四个。幼虫长度在不同的幼虫阶段之间的识别是不有用的。类似H.similis的幼虫与弗氏H.(Pacheco)的幼虫进行了比较,弗氏H.是唯一一种被描述的南美异源幼虫。
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引用次数: 0
Toxicity of conventional pesticides on the ecosystem services of terrestrial arthropod fauna in cocoa (Theobroma cacao) cultivation in San Martin, Peru 传统农药对秘鲁圣马丁可可种植中陆生节肢动物生态系统服务的毒性
IF 0.5 4区 农林科学 Q4 ENTOMOLOGY Pub Date : 2022-12-31 DOI: 10.25085/rsea.810402
Dimas A. GARAY-CRISANTO, Astrid Sotomayor-Chavez, Geancarlo Alarcón-Iman, Gian Hermoza, J. Iannacone
Toxicity of four pesticides in ecosystem services of terrestrial arthropofauna in cocoa cultivation was evaluated. Cypermethrin (T1), carbofuran (T2), copper oxychloride (T3) and chlorpyrifos (T4) were applied in a cocoa farm in San Martín, Peru. Forty pitfall traps were placed for each treatment to capture terrestrial arthropofauna in four evaluations. It is concluded that the families that presented the greatest abundance of individuals were Formicidae, Entomobryidae and Poduridae. For the global evaluation, significant differences were found in the predators for the specific richness index, being T3 the one that presented the lowest numbers; while for the Margalef index, the lowest value was T3. For the analysis by evaluations, significant differences were found in the detritivores during the second evaluation for the number of individuals, with T4 being the lowest number. Significant differences were also found in the predators during the first evaluation in the Margalef index, with the lowest value being observed in T4. The trophic guild that allowed the most efficient evaluation of the toxicity were the predators, T1 is the most compatible pesticide with the terrestrial arthropods associated with cocoa cultivation, and the alpha diversity indices showed significant differences between the applied pesticides.
评价了4种农药对可可栽培中陆生节肢动物生态系统服务的毒性。在秘鲁San Martín的可可农场施用氯氰菊酯(T1)、呋喃(T2)、氯化氧铜(T3)和毒死蜱(T4)。在4次评价中,每种处理设置40个陷阱以捕获陆生节肢动物。结果表明,蚁科、虫蛉科和足蛉科的个体丰度最高。在总体评价中,不同捕食者的具体丰富度指数差异显著,以T3为最低;Margalef指数最小值为T3。通过评价分析,在第二次评价时,各营养动物的个体数差异显著,其中T4的个体数最低。Margalef指数在第一次评价时,各捕食者之间也存在显著差异,在T4时最低。对可可毒性评价最有效的营养行会是捕食者,T1是与可可种植相关的陆生节肢动物最相容的农药,α多样性指数在不同施用农药之间存在显著差异。
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引用次数: 0
Seasonal occurrence and biological parameters of Aedes albopictus (Skuse) (Diptera: Culicidae) as management tactics in Faisalabad, Punjab, Pakistan 巴基斯坦旁遮普省费萨拉巴德白纹伊蚊(双翅目:库蚊科)的季节发生及生物学参数及其防治策略
IF 0.5 4区 农林科学 Q4 ENTOMOLOGY Pub Date : 2022-12-31 DOI: 10.25085/rsea.810405
Muhammad Sarwar, Bilal Rasool
Understanding the seasonal prevalence and biological parameters of mosquito Aedes albopictus (Skuse) are indispensable for population estimates, efficient vector control and dengue prevention tactics. The sampling of Ae. albopictus was completed through the collection of eggs, larvae, pupae and adults throughout the study seasons by use of nets and ovitraps at least once a week. Occurrence of Ae. albopictus was distinguished heterogeneously and populations were observed maximum in October post-monsoon season. The populations increased progressively from January-May and sharply deteriorated in June-July and September-November months revealing the highest breeding. However, the lowest density was observed during December-February. Growth of Ae. albopictus evaluated under standardized laboratory conditions with the provision of Balb/C mice as blood meal to adult mosquitoes, exhibited eggs hatching, and first, second, third and fourth instar larvae development in 3, 1.3, 1.2, 1.7 and 2.8 days, respectively. Nevertheless, pupation development, adult emergence, total life duration from egg hatching to adult emergence, male and female life spans persisted for 7, 3, 20, 25 and 30 days, respectively. Aedes albopictus accounted for 1% density of other mosquito genera collected (Culex and Anopheles), while, Aedes aegypti (L) was 3% abundant and indicated that both Aedes species had coexistence.
了解白纹伊蚊(Skuse)的季节性流行和生物学参数对种群估计、有效的媒介控制和登革热预防策略是必不可少的。Ae.的采样。在整个研究季节,通过使用蚊帐和诱卵器收集白纹伊蚊的卵、幼虫、蛹和成虫,每周至少收集一次。Ae的出现。白纹伊蚊种群分布不均,10月为季风后季节。1 - 5月种群数量逐渐增加,6 - 7月和9 - 11月种群数量急剧减少,为繁殖高峰期。但12 - 2月密度最低。Ae的生长。在标准化实验室条件下,以Balb/C小鼠为血粉饲喂成蚊,白纹伊蚊卵孵化时间分别为3、1.3、1.2、1.7、2.8 d, 1、2、3、4龄幼虫发育。化蛹发育、成虫羽化、从卵孵化到成虫羽化的总寿命、雄虫和雌虫的寿命分别为7、3、20、25和30 d。白纹伊蚊密度占其他蚊属(库蚊和按蚊)密度的1%,埃及伊蚊(L)密度为3%,表明两种伊蚊共存。
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引用次数: 1
Insecticidal and Repellent Actions of Methanolic Extracts from Five Medicinal Plants against the Saw-Toothed Grain Beetle Oryzaephilus surinamensis (Linn.) (Coleoptera: Silvanidae) 5种药用植物甲醇提取物对粟粟锯齿甲虫(Oryzaephilus surinamensis, Linn.)的杀避作用(鞘翅目:银虻科)
IF 0.5 4区 农林科学 Q4 ENTOMOLOGY Pub Date : 2022-09-30 DOI: 10.25085/rsea.810304
Khalid A. Asiry, Najeeb M. Almasoudi, A. Zaitoun
The insecticidal and repellent activities of methanolic extracts of Ruta chalepensis L. (Rutaceae: Sapindales), Rhazya stricta Decne (Apocynaceae: Gentianales), Heliotropium bacciferum Forssk (Boraginales: Boraginaceae), Salvadora persica L. (Salvadoraceae: Brassicales), and Moringa oleifera L. (Moringaceae: Brassicales) were investigated against the saw-toothed grain beetle Oryzaephilus surinamensis L. (Coleoptera: Silvanidae). Results demonstrated that all these plant extracts had variable toxicity against the beetle. The effectiveness of the tested plant extracts was shown by increasing the used concentrations. The methanolic extract from R. stricta performed the best and was able to cause 93.3% and 89.2% mortality for the adult and larval stage of O. surinamensis, respectively, at 500 ppm after six days of plant extract treatment. The tested extract of S. persica at 500 ppm caused 80.8% and 82.5% mortality on larvae and adults of O. surinamensis after six-day of treatment. On the other hand, repellent effects of extracts of R. stricta, S. persica, and R. chalepensis at 500 ppm were recorded, with higher values of 91.7%, 83.3%, and 78%, respectively, against the adults of O. surinamensis, which were under 500 ppm. These extracts especially from R. stricta, S. spinosa, and R. chalepensis could be useful to prevent damages and store grain production losses for O. surinamensis.
研究了芦丁(芸香科)、夹竹桃科(龙胆亚科)、青霉属(龙胆亚科)、巴西辣木(十字花科)和辣木(芸苔科)甲醇提取物对锯齿谷甲虫(锯齿谷甲虫)的杀虫驱避作用。结果表明,这些植物提取物对甲虫具有不同程度的毒性。所测试的植物提取物的有效性是通过增加使用浓度来显示的。在500 ppm的浓度下,粗花田鼠醇提物处理6 d后,粗花田鼠成虫期和幼虫期的死亡率分别为93.3%和89.2%,效果最好。500 ppm的桃金酸提取物处理6 d后,对苏里南夜蛾幼虫和成虫的死亡率分别为80.8%和82.5%。500ppm浓度下,赤桃、桃和chalepensis提取物对苏里南蠓成虫的驱避效果分别为91.7%、83.3%和78%。这些提取物对苏里南稻瘟病的防治和粮食生产损失具有一定的保护作用。
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引用次数: 0
First record of Amobia quatei (Diptera: Sarcophagidae: Miltogramminae) from the Indian subcontinent as kleptoparasite of Anterhynchium flavomarginatum (Hymenoptera: Vespidae: Eumeninae) 印度次大陆第一次记录的四叶疟蚊(双翅目:麻蝇科:麻蝇科)为黄斑拟蜂(膜翅目:蜂科:蜂蝇科)的盗寄生虫
IF 0.5 4区 农林科学 Q4 ENTOMOLOGY Pub Date : 2022-09-30 DOI: 10.25085/rsea.810308
Amir Maqbool, Iqra Maqbool, Najitha Banu, S. Rather, A. Wachkoo
Amobia quatei Kurahashi, 1974 was reared from the puparia collected from the brood chambers of mason wasp Anterhynchium flavomarginatum (Smith, 1852). The species is reported for the first time from Indian subcontinent. This is also the first host record for the kleptoparasite A. quatei. A redescription of the kleptoparasite supplemented with illustrations of habitus and genitalia, along with notes on the biology of the host are provided.
Amobia quatei Kurahashi,1974年从泥瓦匠黄蜂Anterhynchium flavormarginatum(Smith,1852)的孵化室中收集的蛹中饲养而成。该物种首次在印度次大陆被报道。这也是第一个盗猎寄生虫A.quatei的宿主记录。提供了对盗贼寄生虫的重新描述,并补充了习性和生殖器的插图,以及对宿主生物学的注释。
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引用次数: 0
Bio-control potential of Bacillus thuringiensis (Bacillales: Bacillaceae) and Metarhizium anisopliae (Hypocreales: Clavicipitaceae) against Chilo partellus Swinhoe (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae) 苏云金芽孢杆菌(芽胞杆菌科)和金龟子绿僵菌(芽胞杆菌科)对小天鹅的防效研究
IF 0.5 4区 农林科学 Q4 ENTOMOLOGY Pub Date : 2022-09-30 DOI: 10.25085/rsea.810302
A. Abbasi, H. Khalid, W. Wakil, H. J. Ashraf, I. Haq, Q. Zaman, A. Zafar, Ramish Saleem, Hifza Tabssam, A. U. Hassan
The efficacy of most synthetic insecticides has been compromised against Chilo partellus (Swinhoe) due to its cryptic feeding behavior, hence there is a dire need to find other eco-friendly effective management approaches to combat this notorious pest. The susceptibility of 2nd and 4th larval instars of C. partellus was assessed against Bacillus thuringiensis var. kurstaki (Bt-k) (Berliner) and Metarhizium anisopliae (Mechnikov) under controlled conditions. The larvae were treated with individual or combined treatments of a single dose rate of B. thuringiensis (Bt: 0.75 µg/g) and three conidial concentrations (1x104, 1x106 and 1x108 conidia/ml) of M. anisopliae. The individual and combined application of both entomopathogens significantly affected the mortality, pupation, adult emergence, mycosis and sporulation of both larval instars of C. partellus. Maximum larval mortality (2nd instar: 94.63% and 4th instar: 91.43%) was recorded in combined applications of M. anisopliae (1x108 conidia/ml) and B. thuringiensis (0.75 µg/g). The same integrated treatment also caused significant declines in pupation (2nd: 0.00% and 4th: 6.66%) and adult emergence (2nd: 0.00% and 4th: 0.00%) of C. partellus as compared to rest of the experimental treatments. Moreover, a significantly higher rate of mycosis and sporulation were recorded in both larval instars (2nd: 88.52% and 143.96 conidia/ml) and (4th: 82.04% and 131.85 conidia/ml), when exposed to lower individual concentration of M. anisopliae (1×104 conidia/ml). The current results suggest that integrated application of M. anisopliae and B. thuringiensis could be a sustainable management tool for C. partellus in maize crop.
由于其隐蔽的觅食行为,大多数合成杀虫剂对赤眼鸡(Swinhoe)的药效都受到了影响,因此迫切需要找到其他环保的有效管理方法来对抗这种臭名昭著的害虫。在控制条件下,评估了C.partellus 2龄和4龄幼虫对苏云金芽孢杆菌(Bt-k)(Berliner)和绿僵菌(Mechnikov)的敏感性。幼虫采用单一剂量率的苏云金芽孢杆菌(Bt:0.75µg/g)和三种分生孢子浓度(1x104、1x106和1x108分生孢子/ml)的M.anisopliae单独或联合处理。两种昆虫病原体的单独应用和联合应用显著影响了C.partellus两个幼虫龄的死亡率、化蛹、成虫羽化、真菌病和孢子形成。绿脓杆菌(1x108分生孢子/ml)和苏云金芽孢杆菌(0.75µg/g)的联合应用记录了最大幼虫死亡率(2龄:94.63%,4龄:91.43%)。与其他实验处理相比,相同的综合处理也导致了C.partellus的化蛹率(第二次:0.00%和第四次:6.66%)和成虫羽化率(第三次:0.00%-第四次)的显著下降。此外,当暴露于较低的个体浓度(1×104分生孢子/ml)时,两个幼虫龄(2龄:88.52%和143.96分生孢子/ml)和(4龄:82.04%和131.85分生孢子/mml)的真菌病和孢子形成率都显著较高。目前的研究结果表明,绿僵菌和苏云金芽孢的综合应用可能是一种可持续的玉米种植管理工具。
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引用次数: 0
Perception and use of edible insects in Santa María de Itapinima and Piracemo indigenous communities, Mitú, Vaupés, Colombia 哥伦比亚沃州米图市Santa María de Itapiima和Piracemo土著社区对可食用昆虫的感知和使用
IF 0.5 4区 农林科学 Q4 ENTOMOLOGY Pub Date : 2022-09-30 DOI: 10.25085/rsea.810301
H. J. Gasca-Álvarez, William G. González
The indigenous communities of the Colombian Amazon East maintain their traditional knowledge for the use of their resources. Insects have been used as an alternative food that has been included as part of their daily diet. Fourteen species of edible insects belonging to 15 families of five orders were recorded in the communities of Santa María de Itapinima and Piracemo, located on the he Cuduyarí River in the department of Vaupés. According to its use value, mojojoy Rhynchophorus palmarum (L.) (Coleoptera: Curculionidae), manivara Syntermes spinosus (Latreille) (Blattodea: Termitidae), leaf-cutting ant Atta laevigata (F. Smith) (Hymanoptera: Formicidae) and several species of moth caterpillars (Lepidoptera) commonly called as tapurú, are the most important species of edible insects. For each species, its ecological calendar was established, and its collecting techniques and methods, and traditional forms of preparation and consumption were documented. Through community pedagogical workshops, strategies for the conservation and sustainable use of edible insects were proposed, identifying research priorities in order to improve the food security of communities.
哥伦比亚亚马逊东部的土著社区保留了他们利用资源的传统知识。昆虫已被用作替代食物,已被列入他们的日常饮食的一部分。在位于vaupsamas省Cuduyarí河流域的Santa María de Itapinima和Piracemo群落中记录了14种可食用昆虫,隶属于5目15科。根据其使用价值,mojojoy Rhynchophorus palmarum (L.)(鞘翅目:Curculionidae), manvara Syntermes spinosus (Latreille) (bltodea: Termitidae),切叶蚁Atta laevigata (F. Smith)(膜翅目:Formicidae)和几种俗称tapurú的蛾毛虫(鳞翅目)是最重要的食用昆虫。对每个物种建立了生态日历,记录了其采集技术和方法,以及传统的制备和消费方式。通过社区教学讲习班,提出了保护和可持续利用食用昆虫的战略,确定了研究重点,以改善社区的粮食安全。
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引用次数: 0
First record of Camarochilus confusus (Heteroptera: Pachynomidae) from Argentina, the second pachynomid and first Pachynominae registered for the country 来自阿根廷的Camarochilus confusius(异翅目:扁蝶科)的第一个记录,该国登记的第二个扁蝶目和第一个扁蝶科
IF 0.5 4区 农林科学 Q4 ENTOMOLOGY Pub Date : 2022-09-30 DOI: 10.25085/rsea.810307
M. C. Melo, P. Dellapé
Fieldwork in two protected areas from northeastern Argentina (P.N. El Impenetrable in Chaco Province, and the P.N. Rio Pilcomayo in Formosa Province) exploring the Heteroptea fauna, resulted in the discovery of a Camarochilus confusus Harris 1930 male that was collected by sweeping the vegetation. The species belongs to the subfamily Pachynominae, representing the first record of the group in the country. Aphelonotus simplus Uhler 1894 (Aphelonotinae), was also collected using light traps, confirming its occurrence in the Chaco ecoregions in Argentina.
在阿根廷东北部的两个保护区(查科省的P.N. El Impenetrable和福尔摩沙省的P.N.里约热内卢Pilcomayo)进行了实地考察,探索了Heteroptea动物群,结果发现了一只Camarochilus confusus Harris 1930雄性,它是通过清扫植被收集的。本种属厚翅亚科,为国内首次记录。利用光诱法还采集了阿根廷Chaco生态区内的单斑蚜蝇(Aphelonotus simplus Uhler 1894)。
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引用次数: 0
An unusual worker morph of Diacamma ceylonense Emery, 1897 (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) 一种不同寻常的工蜂形态(膜翅目:蚁科)
IF 0.5 4区 农林科学 Q4 ENTOMOLOGY Pub Date : 2022-09-30 DOI: 10.25085/rsea.810306
S. Akbar, H. Bharti, A. Wachkoo
An intriguing worker morph of Diacamma ceylonense Emery, 1897 is reported here from the Western Ghats of India. Myrmecological literature abounds in such anomalies; however, this is a first such report for this genus. An asymmetrical teratological abnormality manifested in the right antennae as an atrocious form is reported and discussed here.
一个有趣的工人变形Diacamma ceylonense Emery,1897年报道来自印度的西高止山脉。Myrmecological文献中充斥着这样的反常现象;然而,这是该属的第一份此类报告。本文报告并讨论了右触角畸形的畸形表现。
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引用次数: 0
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Revista De La Sociedad Entomologica Argentina
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