Health Promotion International最新文献

The progressive increase in youth use of social media can have implications for health. This study explores how school professionals working with health promotion (HP) position their practices at the intersection between the challenges and potential opportunities posed by social media. Empirical data were produced from seventeen semi-structured interviews with various school professionals from state-funded and private schools in Sweden where HP is a shared responsibility among many professionals including nurses, psychologists, special educators, principals and teachers. Data were analysed using reflexive thematic analysis. The analysis was informed by practice theory. Three themes were generated: (i) navigating an ambiguous terrain of professional practice; (ii) reconfiguring HP practice in relation to student social media use and (iii) social media as resources for HP. The findings indicate that school professionals are reconfiguring HP practice around the increased challenges invoked by students' social media use but are also aware that social media can be fruitfully operationalized in school HP. Professional attempts at harnessing the health-promoting potential of social media are limited to individual initiatives, possibly in relation to a lack of clear policy directives that inform actions and assign responsibilities where social media are concerned. School professionals recognize a need for professional learning to keep abreast of students' highly dynamic use of social media. The study underscores the need for professional development but argues that this development needs to be grounded in a comparable institutional one, for example by reformulating and updating policies to be more professionally supportive.

This is a state-of-the-art review of historical developments, current approaches and recommended future directions in physical activity (PA) research, practice and policy. Since the early epidemiological studies in the 1950s, PA research has developed from within a biomedical paradigm. There is now a strong evidence base linking PA with positive health outcomes. PA is currently understood as a multi-sector issue, requiring a multi-sector solution (e.g. transport, urban design, sport), resulting in multiple individual and societal benefits (e.g. addresses multiple Sustainable Development Goals), however, there is a disconnect between interventions, policy and practice. This may be due to limited cross-sector collaboration between, and within, the public and private sectors. Furthermore, the mix of policy instruments employed by governments to implement PA policy to date has been dominated by soft (e.g. communication) rather than hard options (e.g. fiscal). To progress in PA promotion, we need to move beyond health outcome and intervention evidence generation (e.g. focus on testing efficacy in highly controlled settings), to more complex, real world, politically informed, multi-sector, scale-up and policies, while concurrently collecting data to evaluate such efforts (e.g. natural experiments and evaluations of the policy process). PA programs may benefit from greater incorporation of public policy considerations, so that proposed interventions and policies are designed with potential political constraints in mind. We conclude by providing a call to action to advance the understanding of the role of politics in PA, in order to develop politically informed action on PA.

Forced migration is increasing globally, which has detrimental effects on the physical and mental health of refugees, who may face significant challenges accessing healthcare services. However, refugees also possess considerable strengths or assets that can protect against various health challenges. Identifying and strengthening the individual health assets of refugees is critical to promoting their health and mitigating these health challenges. Yet, there is a paucity of data on refugees' individual health assets, including tools to measure them. Therefore, this scoping review aimed to identify and summarise the available measurement tools to assess the individual health assets of refugees. We conducted a comprehensive literature search using six electronic databases and a Google search without restrictions on publication dates. We used Arksey and O'Malley's methodological framework approach to streamline the review processes. Forty-one eligible studies were included, from which 28 individual health asset tools were identified. Of these, 11 tools were tested for validity in refugee populations. Among the validated tools, the reliability scores for the measures of individual health asset outcomes, including resilience (Child and Youth Resilience Measure, Wagnild and Young's Resilience Scale, and Psychological Resilience Scale), acculturation (Vancouver Index of Acculturation and Bicultural Involvement Questionnaire), self-esteem (Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale), and self-efficacy (Generalized Self-Efficacy Scale), ranged from good to excellent. The findings provide guidance for health service planners, humanitarian organisations, and researchers regarding the appropriateness and quality of tools that can be applied to assess individual health assets, which are crucial for designing culturally sensitive asset-based health promotion interventions for refugees.

There is a growing body of evidence for how health harming industries (HHIs) engage in similar practices to influence science and policymaking. However, limited attention has been paid to the pesticide industry within the commercial determinants of health (CDOH) field. We conducted a scoping review to map practices adopted by the pesticide industry to influence science and policymaking and to assess the breadth and focus of the associated literature. We included 31 documents and categorized the extracted data using a typology of commercial practices. The documents described how major pesticide companies, and their trade bodies, have acted to influence science and maintain favourable regulatory environments while undermining the credibility of researchers and agencies that publish findings threatening to their commercial interests. A large proportion of the literature consists of historical analyses, narrative reviews, commentaries/perspective pieces, and investigative reports published in the grey literature, predominantly informed by analysis of internal industry documents and freedom of information requests. Most studies focus on high-income settings. There were a limited number of primary peer-reviewed empirical studies that explicitly aimed to study the practices of the pesticide industry from a CDOH perspective. However, our findings show that major pesticide companies adopt political and scientific practices highly similar to other HHIs. The review shows a critical need for research on the pesticide industry's current practices in low- and middle-income countries where the negative impacts of its activities on health and the environment are likely to be more marked.

There is an increased research focus on the menopause transition. However, this literature is still largely focused on quantitatively surveying women about their menopause symptoms, with less qualitative focus on women's lived experiences of menopause. This includes the impact of menopause on women's daily lives, how they seek information and support, and their perceptions of societal attitudes towards menopause. This article presents a narrative review of qualitative studies (2014-24) conducted with women aged 45-60 years that focused on the lived experience of menopause. Four themes were constructed from 12 papers using reflexive thematic analysis. Menopause was considered a natural and normal part of the ageing process, with many positives, including new beginnings and elevating women's status as elders in their communities. However, some women found menopause challenging in the context of other factors occurring in midlife. This included a lack of access to information about their symptoms and what they were experiencing. Specific challenges related to mood changes also impacted women's identity and social connections with others. Women's negative experiences were influenced by stigma and gendered social stereotypes about ageing. Improving the theoretical and methodological quality and coherence of qualitative research, with independent funding for these studies, would strengthen the literature relating to women's lived experience of menopause. As well as the individual and social determinants of women's experiences, it is important that research also considers the impact of the framing of menopause, and how economic, commercial, and political determinants may intersect to influence women's experiences of the menopause transition.

This study aimed to explore key informants' views on the potential benefits of workplace oral health promotion (WOHP) among the aged care workforce and identified factors associated with the planning and implementation of such activities. The study interviewed members of key organizations associated with the aged care workforce, including oral health and health professionals, government and non-governmental organizations, aged care providers, unions and other worker support organizations in semi-structured interviews. Interviews were audio-recorded, transcribed verbatim and analysed thematically. Fourteen (of 17 invited) key informants participated. Promoting oral health among those working in the aged care sector is perceived to have advantages for staff oral health and psychological and mental well-being, and potentially has a 'flow-on effect' on the organization's productivity, operation and human and financial resources. Six factors that can act as facilitators or barriers to WOHP planning and implementation were identified: (i) organization structure, needs, priorities, and higher management contribution; (ii) resources (funding, facilities, human and time capacity); (iii) collaborators; (iv) individual or target audience; (v) communication; and (vi) sustainability of the programme. The study concluded that WOHP in the aged care sector is possible and likely has benefits for staff and the organizations involved. Consideration should be given to identifying and addressing the factors that influence the development and implementation of WOHP programmes. Good organization, support of management, availability of funding, support from collaborators and consideration of individual needs are needed to have a successful, sustainable WOHP programme that meets the needs of the aged care workforce.

This study addresses the pivotal role of family and friends in supporting individuals experiencing suicidal distress. The research draws insights from a workshop at an Australian Lived Experience of Suicide Summit (2023) to explore how information and peer support should be presented and used in support programs and resources for family and friends supporting someone experiencing suicidal distress. The study engaged 52 delegates in an interactive workshop, comprising individuals with a lived experience of suicidal distress (30%), those bereaved by suicide (27%), family members or friends supporting someone with a lived experience of suicide (20%), sector representatives (16%) and others (7%). The workshop involved discussions on language, images, multimedia resources, key messages for programs and the integration of peer support. Content analysis categorized responses, and themes were ranked by popularity. Consensus emerged on preferred language referring to family and friends and those receiving support. Participants highlighted the importance of diversity in language, multimedia and images used in programs. This work helps to provide an understanding of family and friends' preferences for language, media, imagery and messaging when considering developing programs for family and friends supporting someone in suicidal distress. Peer support was also acknowledged as valuable for family and friends, but further understanding of the format and implementation of peer support is needed. Adapting program content based on end-users' advice is crucial for safety and engagement.

The World Health Organization states that physical activity has the potential to influence physical, mental, and social dimensions of health in a powerful way. However, in modern society, physical activity is increasingly becoming an active choice, rather than a part of everyday life. Schools have been identified as key settings for health promotion, but physical activity initiatives in schools have rarely had a sustained impact. Interventions have been criticized for seeking to increase levels of physical activity by focusing on individual behaviors rather than considering the contexts and social structures in which individuals live their lives. With a theoretical foundation in settings-based health promotion, this article proposes an alternative initiative for sustainable movement-based education called Walking School. Walking School defines sustainable movement as the movement that is an integral part of the school day and school culture. Walking School, or outdoor teaching while walking, has the potential to (i) be inclusive of both teachers and students, (ii) extend the classroom and make physical activity a collective responsibility of all teachers, not just physical education teachers, (iii) reduce sedentary time and increase physical activity without losing instructional time, (iv) stimulate physical activity and create conditions conducive to the development of new habits by using the outdoor environment as a teaching space, and (5) become part of the school's core business of education, and ultimately a part of the school culture.

Decline in mobility is a global issue that must be addressed in rapidly aging societies. We aimed to clarify the association between locomotive syndrome (LS), a condition of decreased mobility and health literacy (HL) in community-dwelling Japanese adults aged ≥ 40 years. A descriptive survey was conducted in Onjuku Town, Japan, between 2019 and 2023. The participants performed LS risk tests, including the two-step test, stand-up tests and 25-question geriatric locomotive function scale, to assess mobility. They completed the 14-item health literacy scale to quantify the total HL and functional, communicative and critical HL subscales. Other participant characteristics, such as chronic diseases, bodily pain and physical activity, were also surveyed. The association between LS and HL was assessed using univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses, adjusted for participant characteristics. We analyzed 492 participants with a median age of 71 years. The total HL score decreased as the LS stage increased, with 56, 54 and 51 points in stages 0, 1 and ≥ 2, respectively (p = 0.004). In the logistic regression analysis, a high total HL score was significantly associated with reduced odds of stage ≥ 2 LS (adjusted odds ratio, 0.95; p < 0.001). Furthermore, functional HL score had an independent association with stage ≥ 2 LS (adjusted odds ratio, 0.88; p = 0.009). Our results suggest that clinicians should provide HL education in addition to known preventive measures, such as promoting physical activity, as a holistic approach to decreased mobility.