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Rapid assessment of marine non-native species in Irish marinas 爱尔兰码头海洋非本地物种的快速评估
IF 1.5 4区 环境科学与生态学 Q2 Agricultural and Biological Sciences Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.3391/mbi.2023.14.2.05
Kathryn A. O’Shaughnessy, David Lyons, Christopher W. Ashelby, Randal Counihan, Søren Pears, E. Taylor, Rebecca Davies, P. Stebbing
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引用次数: 2
Application of electricity and underwater acoustics to clear fish from a navigation lock during maintenance 电力和水下声学的应用,以清除在维修期间从导航船闸鱼
IF 1.5 4区 环境科学与生态学 Q2 Agricultural and Biological Sciences Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.3391/mbi.2023.14.3.08
Jose Rivera, Aaron Cupp, Josey Ridgway, Duane Chapman, Bethany Hoster, Matthew Acre, Robin Calfee, Jesse Fischer, James Duncker
The presence of fish within navigation locks can introduce an environmental challenge for construction crews when maintenance is required. This study examined the effectiveness of a dual-deterrent fish herding technique using electricity and acoustic stimuli to reduce the abundance of fish within a navigation lock before a scheduled dewatering for maintenance. Fixed-location multi-beam imaging sonar was used to evaluate fish per minute (FPM) detections near the lock entrance before, during, and after the herding effort. Standardized mobile side-scan sonar surveys were also conducted before and after the herding to examine fish presence throughout the entire lock. Collectively, a 73% reduction in fish targets detected by side-scan sonar and a 43% reduction in FPM detected by imaging sonar were observed following the herding technique. Post-fish herding, an 88% reduction in FPM > 400 mm and a 35% reduction in FPM < 400 mm were observed. Fish abundance within the lock chamber was reduced and did not result in construction delays, which was problematic and costly during previous dewatering events. Because data from this study are limited to a single lock dewatering and fish clearing event, caution is warranted with the extrapolation of these results. However, the applied methods show promise and may inform future fish clearing efforts to aid lock maintenance.
当需要维护时,航行船闸内存在的鱼类会给施工人员带来环境挑战。本研究检验了一种双重威慑鱼类放牧技术的有效性,该技术使用电和声刺激来减少航行水闸内鱼类的丰度,然后进行定期脱水维护。固定位置多波束成像声纳用于评估在放牧之前,期间和之后在船闸入口附近的每分钟(FPM)检测。标准化的移动侧扫声纳调查也在放牧前后进行,以检查整个船闸的鱼类存在情况。总体而言,在放牧技术之后,观察到侧扫声纳检测到的鱼目标减少了73%,成像声纳检测到的FPM减少了43%。放养后,400 mm以下的FPM减少88%,< 400 mm的FPM减少35%。锁舱内的鱼类数量减少,并且没有导致施工延误,这在以前的脱水事件中是一个问题和昂贵的问题。由于这项研究的数据仅限于单一的水闸脱水和鱼类清理事件,因此对这些结果的推断需要谨慎。然而,应用的方法显示出希望,并可能为未来的鱼类清理工作提供信息,以帮助维护船闸。
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引用次数: 0
Antimycin-A species sensitivity distribution: perspectives for non-indigenous fish control 抗霉素a物种敏感性分布:非本地鱼类控制的观点
IF 1.5 4区 环境科学与生态学 Q2 Agricultural and Biological Sciences Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.3391/mbi.2023.14.3.09
Gavin Saari
.
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引用次数: 0
Natives bite back: depredation and mortality of invasive juvenile Burmese pythons (Python bivittatus) in the Greater Everglades Ecosystem 当地人反咬:大沼泽地生态系统中入侵的缅甸幼蟒(Python bivittatus)的掠夺和死亡率
IF 1.5 4区 环境科学与生态学 Q2 Agricultural and Biological Sciences Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.3391/mbi.2023.14.1.06
Andrea F T Currylow, Austin L. Fitzgerald, Matthew Goetz, Jared Draxler, Gretchen E Anderson, Matthew F. McCollister, Christina M. Romagosa, A. Y. Yackel Adams
Burmese pythons ( Python bivittatus Kuhl, 1820) are one of the world’s largest snake species, making them a highly successful and biologically damaging invasive predator in the Greater Everglades Ecosystem, Florida, USA. Though we have knowledge of python diet within this system, we understand very little of other interactions with native species. Effects native species have on invasive pythons, especially in the juvenile size class, are of particular interest as the prevalence of mortalities would inform potential population growth and trophic dynamics with native prey species. Native ophiophagous predators in Florida feed on smaller native snake species and it is unknown if they consistently recognize similarly sized juvenile invasive pythons as prey items. Using radiotelemetry, we found at least four native species within Big Cypress National Preserve that were implicated in juvenile python deaths, including three Florida cottonmouths ( Agkistrodon conanti Gloyd, 1969), five American alligators ( Alligator mississippiensis Daudin, 1802), one hispid cotton rat ( Sigmodon hispidus Say and Ord, 1825), and three mesomammals. One mortality was the result of an attempt to subdue a prey item 106% the size of the python, constituting the largest predator:prey size ratio ever reported in this size class. This finding may indicate that phenotypic variation in individual juvenile pythons includes behavior that could be maladaptive within the novel Florida environment. Here we describe some of the first confirmed cases of non-anthropogenic mortality in juvenile Burmese pythons in Florida and present evidence that invasive pythons in this size class are now being incorporated into the diets of native species in its invasive range.
缅甸蟒(Python bivittatus Kuhl, 1820)是世界上最大的蛇类之一,是美国佛罗里达州大沼泽地生态系统中非常成功且具有生物破坏性的入侵掠食者。虽然我们知道蟒蛇在这个系统中的饮食,但我们对与本地物种的其他相互作用知之甚少。本地物种对入侵蟒蛇的影响,特别是在幼蟒中,特别令人感兴趣,因为死亡率的流行将为潜在的种群增长和与本地猎物物种的营养动态提供信息。佛罗里达本地的蛇食性捕食者以较小的本地蛇类为食,目前尚不清楚它们是否始终将同样大小的幼年入侵蟒蛇视为猎物。利用无线电遥测技术,我们在大柏国家保护区内发现了至少4种与幼蟒死亡有关的本地物种,包括3只佛罗里达棉嘴蛇(Agkistrodon conanti Gloyd, 1969)、5只美洲短吻鳄(Alligator mississippi Daudin, 1802)、1只麻棉鼠(Sigmodon hispidus Say and Ord, 1825)和3只中哺乳动物。其中一次死亡是由于试图制服一条蟒蛇大小为106%的猎物,构成了这一体型类别中有史以来最大的捕食者:猎物大小比。这一发现可能表明,个体幼蟒的表型变异包括在佛罗里达新环境中可能不适应的行为。在这里,我们描述了佛罗里达州第一批被证实的缅甸巨蟒幼崽非人为死亡的案例,并提供了证据,表明这种体型的入侵巨蟒现在正被纳入其入侵范围内的本地物种的饮食中。
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引用次数: 1
Discharge compliance at Shanghai port – A case study on discharged ballast water from vessels with Ballast Water Treatment System 上海港的排放合规性——以采用压载水处理系统的船舶排放压载水为例
IF 1.5 4区 环境科学与生态学 Q2 Agricultural and Biological Sciences Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.3391/mbi.2023.14.1.10
Jieyou Xiang, Qiong Wang, Wenjun Wu, Huifang Wang, Huixian Wu
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引用次数: 3
Identifying research in support of the management and control of dreissenid mussels in the western United States 确定支持美国西部德莱森贻贝管理和控制的研究
IF 1.5 4区 环境科学与生态学 Q2 Agricultural and Biological Sciences Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.3391/mbi.2023.14.3.05
Timothy Counihan, Lisa Debruyckere, Stephen Bollens, Stephen Phillips, Theresa Thom, Barak Shemai
On February 9–10, 2022, the Pacific States Marine Fisheries Commission, U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, U.S. Geological Survey, and Washington State University hosted a workshop to establish research priorities that support the implementation of action items listed in a current invasive species management plan, the Quagga and Zebra Mussel Action Plan (QZAP) 2.0, that are intended to limit the establishment and spread of quagga and zebra mussels in the western United States. The workshop focus was on developing research priorities for the thematic areas that are addressed in QZAP 2.0: 1) early detection monitoring, 2) prevention and containment, 3) control and management, and 4) rapid response. In addition, research priorities were developed for a fifth thematic area that addressed dreissenid mussel biology. Forty scientists participated in the two-day workshop. Prior to the workshop, participants were asked to review and rank research priorities that were established for a previous version of the QZAP and to offer suggestions on emerging research priorities. During the workshop, subject matter experts presented information describing current knowledge of research and information associated with the thematic areas of early detection monitoring, prevention and containment, rapid response, control and management, and biology in the context of strategies and actions listed in QZAP 2.0. The rankings of previous research priorities and suggestions of emerging priorities were then reviewed, and a revised list of research priorities was formed. The list of research priorities is presented by thematic area.
2022年2月9日至10日,太平洋国家海洋渔业委员会、美国鱼类和野生动物管理局、美国地质调查局和华盛顿州立大学举办了一次研讨会,以确定研究重点,以支持当前入侵物种管理计划中所列行动项目的实施,即斑驴和斑马贻贝行动计划(QZAP) 2.0,旨在限制斑驴和斑马贻贝在美国西部的建立和传播。讲习班的重点是为QZAP 2.0所涉及的专题领域制定研究优先事项:1)早期发现监测,2)预防和遏制,3)控制和管理,以及4)快速反应。此外,还为第五个专题领域制定了研究重点,该主题领域涉及贻贝生物学。40名科学家参加了为期两天的研讨会。在研讨会之前,与会者被要求对QZAP上一版本建立的研究优先事项进行审查和排序,并就新出现的研究优先事项提出建议。在讲习班期间,专题专家介绍了在QZAP 2.0所列战略和行动的背景下,与早期发现、监测、预防和遏制、快速反应、控制和管理以及生物学等专题领域有关的当前研究知识和信息。然后,对以往研究重点的排名和新出现的研究重点建议进行了审查,并形成了一份修订的研究重点清单。研究优先事项清单按专题领域列出。
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引用次数: 1
Evaluating the institutional and ecological effects of invasive species prevention policy: a case study from the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service 评估入侵物种预防政策的制度和生态效应:来自美国鱼类和野生动物管理局的案例研究
IF 1.5 4区 环境科学与生态学 Q2 Agricultural and Biological Sciences Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.3391/mbi.2023.14.2.06
Claire E. Couch, J. Peterson, P. Heimowitz
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引用次数: 0
Preparing to eradicate a novel invader of unknown biology: a case study from Australia 准备消灭一种未知生物的新入侵者:来自澳大利亚的案例研究
IF 1.5 4区 环境科学与生态学 Q2 Agricultural and Biological Sciences Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.3391/mbi.2023.14.3.03
Benjamin Hoffmann, Marc Widmer, Olivia Bates
Although there have been many attempts at eradicating exotic ant incursions, most efforts have been unsuccessful, and a lack of specific biological knowledge is believed to have been a major contributing factor. In early May 2013, an exotic ant species, Lepisiota frauenfeldi , was found for the first time in Australia. Identifying the species proved difficult, and little biological information about the species was available. In making the decision to eradicate and develop the treatment protocols, four assumptions were made about the ant’s biology. Here we detail rapid and basic research that was used to assess the assumptions underpinning the decision to eradicate, contribute to determine some eradication protocols for this understudied species, as well as how our understanding increased following the discovery of two other incursions of this species in Australia. The research found that all initial assumptions of the ant’s biology used in the original eradication plan were wrong. Distribution modelling found the ant could potentially inhabit a larger area than first thought, and updating the model with the subsequent incursions greatly increased the area of suitable climate in Australia. The ant’s foraging and reproductive regimes were not as expected, so too its nutrition pathways to queens, which had implications for the treatments. Our work serves as a clear warning for invasive species practitioners that management decisions that are based on assumptions, “gut feelings” or knowledge based on information from elsewhere in the world, or from other species, can be expected to be flawed. Rapid, small-scale and strategic research conducted on-site can enhance management outcomes.
尽管已经有许多根除外来蚂蚁入侵的尝试,但大多数努力都是不成功的,缺乏特定的生物学知识被认为是一个主要的因素。2013年5月初,在澳大利亚首次发现了一种外来蚂蚁——Lepisiota frauenfeldi。鉴定该物种被证明是困难的,而且几乎没有关于该物种的生物学信息。在决定根除和发展治疗方案时,对蚂蚁的生物学做出了四个假设。在这里,我们详细介绍了用于评估支持根除决定的假设的快速和基础研究,有助于确定对这种未充分研究的物种的一些根除方案,以及在澳大利亚发现另外两种该物种入侵后我们的理解如何增加。研究发现,最初根除计划中对蚂蚁生物学的所有假设都是错误的。分布模型发现,蚂蚁可能栖息在比最初想象的更大的区域,并且随着随后的入侵而更新模型,大大增加了澳大利亚适宜气候的区域。蚂蚁的觅食和繁殖机制并不像预期的那样,它给蚁后的营养途径也是如此,这对治疗有影响。我们的工作对入侵物种从业者发出了明确的警告,即基于假设、“直觉”或基于来自世界其他地方或其他物种的信息的知识的管理决策可能会有缺陷。现场进行的快速、小规模和战略性研究可以提高管理成果。
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引用次数: 0
Efficacy, non-target impacts, and other considerations of unregistered fipronil-laced baits being used in multiple invasive ant eradication programs 在多种入侵性蚂蚁根除计划中使用未登记的含氟虫腈诱饵的功效、非目标影响和其他考虑因素
IF 1.5 4区 环境科学与生态学 Q2 Agricultural and Biological Sciences Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.3391/mbi.2023.14.3.04
Benjamin Hoffmann, Magen Pettit, Justine Antonio, Juliette Chassain, Edgar Ferrieu, Alexandra Gutierrez, Precious Holley, Thomas Lavorel, Jazmin Moreno, Sophie Querat, Thomas Wind
We present three studies assessing the efficacy and non-target impacts of multiple unregistered forms of hydrogel ant baits, as well as some co-use with the granular bait Antoff, that were experimentally used targeting Argentine ant, Linepithema humile, and yellow crazy ant, Anoplolepis gracilipes, within natural/semi-natural environments in Australia. The three studies varied greatly in design and treatment regimens, and were each conducted to address real-time learning needs while attempting to understand how best to use these experimental baits within the spatial, temporal and logistic limitations of three eradication programs. All studies involved broadscale applications of numerous forms of the baits, with greatly varying treatment regimens, coupled with before-after sampling of ant communities, as well as other soil invertebrates in one study. All studies found the baits were highly efficacious against both species, more so for A. gracilipes than L. humile . Eradication is considered to have been achieved for A. gracilipes in one treatment area with a triple treatment regimen, but not using different treatment regimens in other areas. Six treatments conducted approximately one week apart did not eradicate L. humile . Few non-target impacts were found, predominantly occurring only when sampling was conducted within days of a treatment, or at the end of six treatments of a high application rate. Instead, non-target species richness and composition were most often more affected by spatial location or sample time than treatment. Any treatment effects were non-persistent after 6–18 months. Hydrogel baits are likely to have significant roles to play for ant management and eradication.
本文介绍了在澳大利亚的自然/半自然环境中,对多种未注册形式的水凝胶蚂蚁饵料以及一些与颗粒饵料Antoff共同使用的效果和非靶向影响进行了三项研究,这些饵料被实验用于针对阿根廷蚂蚁(Linepithema humile)和黄狂蚂蚁(anplolepis gracilipes)。这三项研究在设计和治疗方案上有很大的不同,每项研究都是为了解决实时学习需求,同时试图了解如何在三个根除计划的空间、时间和逻辑限制下最好地使用这些实验诱饵。所有的研究都涉及广泛应用多种形式的诱饵,有很大不同的治疗方案,再加上蚂蚁群落的前后采样,以及在一项研究中其他土壤无脊椎动物。所有的研究都发现,这些诱饵对这两种物种都非常有效,对细叶蝉比矮叶蝉效果更好。据认为,在一个治疗地区,采用三联治疗方案已实现了对细腹支原体的根除,但在其他地区未采用不同的治疗方案。大约间隔一周进行的六次处理并没有根除谦卑乳杆菌。很少发现非目标影响,主要发生在处理后几天内进行抽样时,或者在高施用量的六次处理结束时。相反,非目标物种丰富度和组成最常受空间位置或采样时间的影响,而不是处理。6-18个月后,任何治疗效果都不持久。水凝胶诱饵可能在蚂蚁管理和根除方面发挥重要作用。
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引用次数: 1
COVID-19 delays and modifies ICAIS, but the important work goes on COVID-19推迟并修改了ICAIS,但重要的工作仍在继续
IF 1.5 4区 环境科学与生态学 Q2 Agricultural and Biological Sciences Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.3391/mbi.2023.14.2.01
M. Johansson
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引用次数: 1
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Management of Biological Invasions
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