Pub Date : 2022-01-01DOI: 10.3391/mbi.2022.13.2.07
William R. Budnick, B. Roth, L. Nathan, Sara M. Thomas, Kelley R. Smith, Sarah Walker, S. Herbst
Trapping and removing invasive crayfish is one of the most common forms of control, however gear-specific biases can limit effectiveness of such methods. We evaluated five trapping gears (Gee’s minnow traps [GMT], pyramid traps [PYR], artificial refuge traps [ART], additional partition refuge traps [APART], and juvenile traps [JUV]) for their effectiveness in a Procambarus clarkii Girard, 1852 (red swamp crayfish) removal effort among four Southern Michigan ponds between May and October 2019. Our objectives were 1) determine which gear(s) produce the highest catch per unit effort (CPUE); 2) assess gears for body size and sex biases; 3) ascertain the degree of seasonality in gear-specific catches and biases. We found that baited GMT and PYR traps substantially outperformed the ART, APART, and JUV traps with respect to CPUE. However, catches of refuge-style traps trended positively over the season. Body size biases were prevalent, with GMT and PYR traps consistently recording individuals > 30 mm carapace length. The ART and APART traps caught relatively smaller individuals but trended towards capturing larger individuals later in the season. We observed no sex biases or biases between Form 1 and Form 2 males among the gears. Our findings support employing multiple gears for crayfish removals but demonstrated that baited traps can remove more crayfish than unbaited traps (on a CPUE basis) and both can capture body size trends by accounting for the timing of capture. Further, the lack of sex bias suggests any of these commonly used traps can be used to broadly sample females or male reproductive forms. Based on our results and recommendations, the Michigan adaptive response strategy has adopted a combination GMT-APART strategy to maximize CPUE while also targeting a wide range of crayfish sizes.
{"title":"Evaluation of five trap designs for removal of invasive red swamp crayfish (Procambarus clarkii Girard, 1852) in Southern Michigan: catch per unit effort, body size, and sex biases","authors":"William R. Budnick, B. Roth, L. Nathan, Sara M. Thomas, Kelley R. Smith, Sarah Walker, S. Herbst","doi":"10.3391/mbi.2022.13.2.07","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3391/mbi.2022.13.2.07","url":null,"abstract":"Trapping and removing invasive crayfish is one of the most common forms of control, however gear-specific biases can limit effectiveness of such methods. We evaluated five trapping gears (Gee’s minnow traps [GMT], pyramid traps [PYR], artificial refuge traps [ART], additional partition refuge traps [APART], and juvenile traps [JUV]) for their effectiveness in a Procambarus clarkii Girard, 1852 (red swamp crayfish) removal effort among four Southern Michigan ponds between May and October 2019. Our objectives were 1) determine which gear(s) produce the highest catch per unit effort (CPUE); 2) assess gears for body size and sex biases; 3) ascertain the degree of seasonality in gear-specific catches and biases. We found that baited GMT and PYR traps substantially outperformed the ART, APART, and JUV traps with respect to CPUE. However, catches of refuge-style traps trended positively over the season. Body size biases were prevalent, with GMT and PYR traps consistently recording individuals > 30 mm carapace length. The ART and APART traps caught relatively smaller individuals but trended towards capturing larger individuals later in the season. We observed no sex biases or biases between Form 1 and Form 2 males among the gears. Our findings support employing multiple gears for crayfish removals but demonstrated that baited traps can remove more crayfish than unbaited traps (on a CPUE basis) and both can capture body size trends by accounting for the timing of capture. Further, the lack of sex bias suggests any of these commonly used traps can be used to broadly sample females or male reproductive forms. Based on our results and recommendations, the Michigan adaptive response strategy has adopted a combination GMT-APART strategy to maximize CPUE while also targeting a wide range of crayfish sizes.","PeriodicalId":54262,"journal":{"name":"Management of Biological Invasions","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69555053","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-01-01DOI: 10.3391/mbi.2022.13.2.08
F. Huysentruyt, Karel Van Moer, T. Adriaens
In Western Europe, the Egyptian goose is considered one of the most rapidly spreading invasive bird species. Listed as a species of Union Concern by the EU, it is subject to restrictions and measures and European Member States are urged to develop management strategies. Since common techniques such as shooting, moult trapping and egg control have been inadequate at lowering population numbers, there is a high demand for alternative effective control strategies. Here, we report on field trials testing the use of walk-in traps with live decoy birds. Trials were spread out over several years to establish optimal trapping season and trap design and to explore different deployment options. We found that in Belgium the breeding period was the optimal season for deploying traps, which suggests the territorial response is the main driver of trapping efficiency. Land-based designs performed significantly better than other trap types at catching Egyptian geese and had far fewer by-catches. The strategy in which traps were deployed at short intervals over various locations had the highest efficiency. We conclude that the use of land-based versions of this trap type can be a useful addition to a wider management strategy when used on a large scale and aimed at trapping adult birds prior to breeding. Given the high effort needed for this type of trapping and the expected effectiveness of other management techniques, the method is best combined with post breeding shooting. KVM: research conceptualization, sample design and methodology, investigation and data collection, writing – review and editing.
{"title":"Testing the efficacy of different Larson trap designs for trapping Egyptian geese (Alopochen aegyptiacus L.) in Flanders (northern Belgium)","authors":"F. Huysentruyt, Karel Van Moer, T. Adriaens","doi":"10.3391/mbi.2022.13.2.08","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3391/mbi.2022.13.2.08","url":null,"abstract":"In Western Europe, the Egyptian goose is considered one of the most rapidly spreading invasive bird species. Listed as a species of Union Concern by the EU, it is subject to restrictions and measures and European Member States are urged to develop management strategies. Since common techniques such as shooting, moult trapping and egg control have been inadequate at lowering population numbers, there is a high demand for alternative effective control strategies. Here, we report on field trials testing the use of walk-in traps with live decoy birds. Trials were spread out over several years to establish optimal trapping season and trap design and to explore different deployment options. We found that in Belgium the breeding period was the optimal season for deploying traps, which suggests the territorial response is the main driver of trapping efficiency. Land-based designs performed significantly better than other trap types at catching Egyptian geese and had far fewer by-catches. The strategy in which traps were deployed at short intervals over various locations had the highest efficiency. We conclude that the use of land-based versions of this trap type can be a useful addition to a wider management strategy when used on a large scale and aimed at trapping adult birds prior to breeding. Given the high effort needed for this type of trapping and the expected effectiveness of other management techniques, the method is best combined with post breeding shooting. KVM: research conceptualization, sample design and methodology, investigation and data collection, writing – review and editing.","PeriodicalId":54262,"journal":{"name":"Management of Biological Invasions","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69555058","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-01-01DOI: 10.3391/mbi.2022.13.2.09
M. Millington, B. Holmes, S. Balcombe
Invasive species represent one of the greatest biological threats to Australian ecosystems this century. Facilitated by global interdependence, increased connectivity, and established trade routes, the dissemination of non-native ornamental species has led to substantial establishments in Australian waterways. Despite this, recent and ongoing research into the trade and invasive potential of non-native ornamental fish species in Australia is lacking and well behind the global standard. Hampered by a shortage of adequate funding and an inability to make rapid policy-based decisions due to industry influence, restrictions on trade have been slow or non-existent in recent years. Further, the development and maintenance of accurate species trade lists as well as dedicated funding and a coordinated approach to compliance is currently inadequate across all Australian jurisdictions. Here we aimed to identify if existing ornamental freshwater fish records from scientific literature in Australia, including veterinary reports and zoonoses studies, were an appropriate alternative to direct industry monitoring necessary in producing comprehensive trade lists. To test this alternative approach, we identified and collated scientific literature that had recorded captive freshwater fish in the Australian ornamental industry. Our review identified a still inchoate scientific body of literature that is a poor substitute for direct survey approaches, with minimal reporting evident in Australia on the freshwater ornamental fish in trade. Assessment of available species records indicated unassessed, greylisted freshwater fish form a substantial part of the Australian ornamental industry. Nomenclature issues and potential exploitation by the ornamental fish industry were also identified. Given the paucity of contemporary literature on the presence and abundance of traded species within Australia, initiatives including pet store surveys and e-commerce monitoring are vital to collate a complete list of traded species necessary for management of this non-native community. We highlight key research priorities and provide recommendations on the future management needs of the Australian freshwater ornamental fish industry.
{"title":"Systematic review of the Australian freshwater ornamental fish industry: the need for direct industry monitoring","authors":"M. Millington, B. Holmes, S. Balcombe","doi":"10.3391/mbi.2022.13.2.09","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3391/mbi.2022.13.2.09","url":null,"abstract":"Invasive species represent one of the greatest biological threats to Australian ecosystems this century. Facilitated by global interdependence, increased connectivity, and established trade routes, the dissemination of non-native ornamental species has led to substantial establishments in Australian waterways. Despite this, recent and ongoing research into the trade and invasive potential of non-native ornamental fish species in Australia is lacking and well behind the global standard. Hampered by a shortage of adequate funding and an inability to make rapid policy-based decisions due to industry influence, restrictions on trade have been slow or non-existent in recent years. Further, the development and maintenance of accurate species trade lists as well as dedicated funding and a coordinated approach to compliance is currently inadequate across all Australian jurisdictions. Here we aimed to identify if existing ornamental freshwater fish records from scientific literature in Australia, including veterinary reports and zoonoses studies, were an appropriate alternative to direct industry monitoring necessary in producing comprehensive trade lists. To test this alternative approach, we identified and collated scientific literature that had recorded captive freshwater fish in the Australian ornamental industry. Our review identified a still inchoate scientific body of literature that is a poor substitute for direct survey approaches, with minimal reporting evident in Australia on the freshwater ornamental fish in trade. Assessment of available species records indicated unassessed, greylisted freshwater fish form a substantial part of the Australian ornamental industry. Nomenclature issues and potential exploitation by the ornamental fish industry were also identified. Given the paucity of contemporary literature on the presence and abundance of traded species within Australia, initiatives including pet store surveys and e-commerce monitoring are vital to collate a complete list of traded species necessary for management of this non-native community. We highlight key research priorities and provide recommendations on the future management needs of the Australian freshwater ornamental fish industry.","PeriodicalId":54262,"journal":{"name":"Management of Biological Invasions","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69555062","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-01-01DOI: 10.3391/mbi.2022.13.3.04
L. Crampton, M. Reeves, T. Bogardus, Erica M. Gallerani, Justin M. Hite, Tyler Winter, A. Shiels
{"title":"Modifications to prevent non-target lethality of Goodnature A24 rat traps – effects on rodent kill rates","authors":"L. Crampton, M. Reeves, T. Bogardus, Erica M. Gallerani, Justin M. Hite, Tyler Winter, A. Shiels","doi":"10.3391/mbi.2022.13.3.04","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3391/mbi.2022.13.3.04","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":54262,"journal":{"name":"Management of Biological Invasions","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69555233","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-01-01DOI: 10.3391/mbi.2022.13.1.04
Mohammad Etemad, Amílcar Soares, P. Mudroch, S. Bailey, S. Matwin
Global ballast water management aims to reduce the transport and introduction of non-indigenous species through practices such as ballast water exchange and ballast water treatment. Comprehensive enforcement to ensure vessels are meeting ballast water management requirements are a key part of success, but such activities are limited by available resources. Targeted and/or stratified enforcement activities are one option to make best use of available resources. International vessels are required to submit ballast water reporting forms prior to arrival at many ports around the world, declaring quantities, geographic sources, management undertaken and expected discharge location. These data are essential for risk assessment and trends analysis, but the inflow of data can be overwhelming for daily operations, particularly for jurisdictions with many ports and/or high vessel traffic. Having near real-time access to ballast water data enhances opportunities for data validation and verification and facilitates customized reports such as mapping of exchange coordinates and ballast water discharge statistics. Customized software enables seamless application of best-available science through integration of decision-support tools. The Ballast Water Information System (BWIS) was developed to support daily ballast water enforcement activities and scientific research in Canada. The BWIS increases accessibility of ballast water report data and streamlines data processing to support decision-making using an on-line platform.
{"title":"Developing an advanced information system to support ballast water management","authors":"Mohammad Etemad, Amílcar Soares, P. Mudroch, S. Bailey, S. Matwin","doi":"10.3391/mbi.2022.13.1.04","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3391/mbi.2022.13.1.04","url":null,"abstract":"Global ballast water management aims to reduce the transport and introduction of non-indigenous species through practices such as ballast water exchange and ballast water treatment. Comprehensive enforcement to ensure vessels are meeting ballast water management requirements are a key part of success, but such activities are limited by available resources. Targeted and/or stratified enforcement activities are one option to make best use of available resources. International vessels are required to submit ballast water reporting forms prior to arrival at many ports around the world, declaring quantities, geographic sources, management undertaken and expected discharge location. These data are essential for risk assessment and trends analysis, but the inflow of data can be overwhelming for daily operations, particularly for jurisdictions with many ports and/or high vessel traffic. Having near real-time access to ballast water data enhances opportunities for data validation and verification and facilitates customized reports such as mapping of exchange coordinates and ballast water discharge statistics. Customized software enables seamless application of best-available science through integration of decision-support tools. The Ballast Water Information System (BWIS) was developed to support daily ballast water enforcement activities and scientific research in Canada. The BWIS increases accessibility of ballast water report data and streamlines data processing to support decision-making using an on-line platform.","PeriodicalId":54262,"journal":{"name":"Management of Biological Invasions","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69555369","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-01-01DOI: 10.3391/mbi.2022.13.1.09
C. Chucholl, Franziska Chucholl, L. Epp, A. Brinker
Invasive, plague-carrying signal crayfish represent a significant threat to imperiled European crayfishes. In the absence of a feasible eradication technique, physical barriers that separate invasive from native crayfish populations have been suggested as management strategy. Here, we investigated the effectiveness of three serial barriers with different functionality (flow-based vs . waterfall-based) in a headwater stream in southwestern Germany on containment of signal crayfish and crayfish plague. Crayfish distribution was surveyed three and six years after the construction of the barriers using manual search, trapping, and eDNA detection, whereby a tributary stream without barriers served as a form of control for a “do-nothing” scenario. The efficacy of the barriers was also empirically assessed by stocking marked crayfish downstream of the barriers and tracking their nocturnal behavior. After six years, native crayfish were still present upstream of the barriers but went extinct in the control stream due to signal crayfish invasion. Following two years of extreme drought after the first survey, signal crayfish were able to overcome the flow-based barrier but were never detected upstream of the waterfall-based barriers. Overall, this case study provides evidence for the effectiveness of intentional stream fragmentation as management strategy against invasive aquatic species.
{"title":"Management of invasive, plague-carrying signal crayfish by physical exclusion barriers","authors":"C. Chucholl, Franziska Chucholl, L. Epp, A. Brinker","doi":"10.3391/mbi.2022.13.1.09","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3391/mbi.2022.13.1.09","url":null,"abstract":"Invasive, plague-carrying signal crayfish represent a significant threat to imperiled European crayfishes. In the absence of a feasible eradication technique, physical barriers that separate invasive from native crayfish populations have been suggested as management strategy. Here, we investigated the effectiveness of three serial barriers with different functionality (flow-based vs . waterfall-based) in a headwater stream in southwestern Germany on containment of signal crayfish and crayfish plague. Crayfish distribution was surveyed three and six years after the construction of the barriers using manual search, trapping, and eDNA detection, whereby a tributary stream without barriers served as a form of control for a “do-nothing” scenario. The efficacy of the barriers was also empirically assessed by stocking marked crayfish downstream of the barriers and tracking their nocturnal behavior. After six years, native crayfish were still present upstream of the barriers but went extinct in the control stream due to signal crayfish invasion. Following two years of extreme drought after the first survey, signal crayfish were able to overcome the flow-based barrier but were never detected upstream of the waterfall-based barriers. Overall, this case study provides evidence for the effectiveness of intentional stream fragmentation as management strategy against invasive aquatic species.","PeriodicalId":54262,"journal":{"name":"Management of Biological Invasions","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69555439","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-01-01DOI: 10.3391/mbi.2022.13.4.07
Lueangkaew Koysap, J. Ruangsittichai, S. Ampawong, S. Kongkiatpaiboon, S. Worakhunpiset, U. Thaenkham, Yupa Chusongsang, Zhiyue Lv, Somsak Mongkolthanawat, Yanin Limpanont
The giant African land snail ( Lissachatina fulica ) is a major pest that damages agricultural products and the environment, along with raising public health concerns. Although various methods have been applied to control these invasive snails, they have various limitations. The use of plant extracts is an alternative control method that is environmentally friendly and can reduce the use of harmful chemicals. This study was established to evaluate the molluscicidal effects of soapberry crude extract and to develop a molluscicide from it to control the giant African land snail. The soapberry ( Sapindus rarak ) crude extract exerted molluscicidal effects against L. fulica within 4 h. Soapberry concentration of 30% caused snail mortality of nearly 90% in 72 h. This plant extract exerted potential repellent and molluscicidal effects in the laboratory and semi-field experiments, while having no observable toxic effects on the vegetable Brassica rapa L. Thus, S. rarak crude extract at this concentration is suitable for snail control in vegetable plots.
{"title":"Assessing the efficacy of soapberry (Sapindus rarak) crude extract for controlling giant African land snail (Lissachatina fulica)","authors":"Lueangkaew Koysap, J. Ruangsittichai, S. Ampawong, S. Kongkiatpaiboon, S. Worakhunpiset, U. Thaenkham, Yupa Chusongsang, Zhiyue Lv, Somsak Mongkolthanawat, Yanin Limpanont","doi":"10.3391/mbi.2022.13.4.07","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3391/mbi.2022.13.4.07","url":null,"abstract":"The giant African land snail ( Lissachatina fulica ) is a major pest that damages agricultural products and the environment, along with raising public health concerns. Although various methods have been applied to control these invasive snails, they have various limitations. The use of plant extracts is an alternative control method that is environmentally friendly and can reduce the use of harmful chemicals. This study was established to evaluate the molluscicidal effects of soapberry crude extract and to develop a molluscicide from it to control the giant African land snail. The soapberry ( Sapindus rarak ) crude extract exerted molluscicidal effects against L. fulica within 4 h. Soapberry concentration of 30% caused snail mortality of nearly 90% in 72 h. This plant extract exerted potential repellent and molluscicidal effects in the laboratory and semi-field experiments, while having no observable toxic effects on the vegetable Brassica rapa L. Thus, S. rarak crude extract at this concentration is suitable for snail control in vegetable plots.","PeriodicalId":54262,"journal":{"name":"Management of Biological Invasions","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69555668","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-01-01DOI: 10.3391/mbi.2022.13.4.12
S. Descamps, A. De Vocht
Chemical sterilisation is a way to control populations of invasive exotic species. To investigate the potential to control populations of invasive American bullfrog ( Lithobates catesbeianus ), 26 adult male individuals were caught and injected with a dose of 0, 12.5, 25, 50, 100 mg/kg bisazir in order to induce DNA fragmentation in sperm cells and subsequent induce sterility. The results indicate that injecting 50 mg/kg bisazir causes significant fragmentation in the sperm of Lithobates catesbeianus . Before using chemicals in situ their potential risk for the environment should be documented. As a first step the inherent ecotoxic properties of bisazir were evaluated in both acute and chronic aquatic tests: microtox ( Aliivibrio fischeri ), microalga ( Raphidocelis subcapitata ), duckweed ( Lemna minor ), waterflea ( Daphnia magna ). The no effect concentration (NOEC) was 1 mg/l for Daphnia reproduction. Based on these results the predicted no effect concentration (PNEC) value was 20 µg/l. These results show the inherent ecotoxic properties of the compound and raise questions on the safe applicability in aquatic habitats.
{"title":"Bisazir as a chemosterilant to control invasive vertebrates: ecotoxicity and efficacy to induce male sterility in Lithobates catesbeianus","authors":"S. Descamps, A. De Vocht","doi":"10.3391/mbi.2022.13.4.12","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3391/mbi.2022.13.4.12","url":null,"abstract":"Chemical sterilisation is a way to control populations of invasive exotic species. To investigate the potential to control populations of invasive American bullfrog ( Lithobates catesbeianus ), 26 adult male individuals were caught and injected with a dose of 0, 12.5, 25, 50, 100 mg/kg bisazir in order to induce DNA fragmentation in sperm cells and subsequent induce sterility. The results indicate that injecting 50 mg/kg bisazir causes significant fragmentation in the sperm of Lithobates catesbeianus . Before using chemicals in situ their potential risk for the environment should be documented. As a first step the inherent ecotoxic properties of bisazir were evaluated in both acute and chronic aquatic tests: microtox ( Aliivibrio fischeri ), microalga ( Raphidocelis subcapitata ), duckweed ( Lemna minor ), waterflea ( Daphnia magna ). The no effect concentration (NOEC) was 1 mg/l for Daphnia reproduction. Based on these results the predicted no effect concentration (PNEC) value was 20 µg/l. These results show the inherent ecotoxic properties of the compound and raise questions on the safe applicability in aquatic habitats.","PeriodicalId":54262,"journal":{"name":"Management of Biological Invasions","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69555720","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-01-01DOI: 10.3391/mbi.2022.13.4.16
M. Moshobane, L. Esser
Verbesina encelioides (Cav.) Benth. & Hook. Fil ex Gray (Asteraceae) is a perennial herb species belonging to the family Asteraceae. The plant is an aggressive obligate outbreeder weed that has invaded vast expanses of pastures, orchards, and forest areas in tropical and subtropical regions. The purpose of this study was to determine the suitability of current and potential future habitats for V. encelioides, an invasive weed in South Africa, using species distribution modelling techniques with the sdm package in R. The result of the ensemble model, based on current climatic conditions, highlights that Verbesina encelioides has a high probability of occurrence in all nine provinces of South Africa, across all the projected future scenarios, namely, 2030, 2050, 2070 and 2090. Area values ranged from 810,612.09 km 2 in 2070, an increase of 4.23% over the current projection, to 663,356.44 km 2 in 2090, a decrease of 14.7% from the current projection. The outcome of these predictions showed that V. encelioides would benefit from the predicted climate change in South Africa. The findings could be used as a warning to implement early detection and a
{"title":"Ensemble modeling for the potential distribution of invasive weed Verbesina encelioides in South Africa from 2020 to 2090","authors":"M. Moshobane, L. Esser","doi":"10.3391/mbi.2022.13.4.16","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3391/mbi.2022.13.4.16","url":null,"abstract":"Verbesina encelioides (Cav.) Benth. & Hook. Fil ex Gray (Asteraceae) is a perennial herb species belonging to the family Asteraceae. The plant is an aggressive obligate outbreeder weed that has invaded vast expanses of pastures, orchards, and forest areas in tropical and subtropical regions. The purpose of this study was to determine the suitability of current and potential future habitats for V. encelioides, an invasive weed in South Africa, using species distribution modelling techniques with the sdm package in R. The result of the ensemble model, based on current climatic conditions, highlights that Verbesina encelioides has a high probability of occurrence in all nine provinces of South Africa, across all the projected future scenarios, namely, 2030, 2050, 2070 and 2090. Area values ranged from 810,612.09 km 2 in 2070, an increase of 4.23% over the current projection, to 663,356.44 km 2 in 2090, a decrease of 14.7% from the current projection. The outcome of these predictions showed that V. encelioides would benefit from the predicted climate change in South Africa. The findings could be used as a warning to implement early detection and a","PeriodicalId":54262,"journal":{"name":"Management of Biological Invasions","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69555778","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-01-01DOI: 10.3391/mbi.2022.13.1.10
K. Carim, L. Eby, L. Miller, H. McLellan, Virgil Dupuis, M. Schwartz
The spread of aquatic invasive species typically occurs through a combination of natural and human mediated dispersal. For many aquatic invasive species, natural dispersal is limited to aquatic corridors connecting habitat. In contrast, human transport may facilitate more distant dispersal and transport among disconnected waterbodies. Genetic information can serve as a powerful tool to track invasion histories and identify both the sources and mechanisms of invasive species dispersal. We used genetic information to understand invasion history and dynamics of expanding northern pike invasion in the Columbia River basin. Results indicate that the initial introduction of northern pike into the Pend Oreille River (in eastern Washington State) resulted from human transport of fish, not dispersal from established populations upstream. Subsequent reproduction and natural dispersal from the Pend Oreille River resulted in downstream expansion of northern pike into Lake Roosevelt, a reservoir within the mainstem Columbia River. These results highlight the need for a holistic approach to suppression of invasive species. Immediate efforts must address the biological mechanisms of natural dispersal. Sustained suppression and eradication must take a broad approach that includes coordination between management agencies, as well as policy and public outreach aimed at prevention of repeated human transport events. The genetic database created from this study has already been used to eliminate potential source populations for new northern pike invasions in Washington State outside the Columbia River basin. This highlights the utility of genetic monitoring for both immediate and long-term applications to managing aquatic species invasions.
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