Pub Date : 2024-02-08DOI: 10.3897/neobiota.91.115675
Miao-Miao Zheng, Petr Pyšek, Kun Guo, Hasigerili Hasigerili, Wen‐Yong Guo
Alien species are colonizing mountain ecosystems and increasing their elevation ranges in response to ongoing climate change and anthropogenic disturbances, posing increasing threats to native species. However, how quickly alien species spread upward and what drives their invasion remains insufficiently understood. Here, using 26,952 occurrence records of 58 alien plant species collected over two centuries in the Czech Republic, we explored the elevation range and invasion speed of each alien species and the underlying factors driving these variables. We collected species traits relevant for invasion (e.g., clonality, flowering time, life span, invasion status, height, mycorrhizal type, native range, naturalized range, monoploid genome size, and Ellenberg-type indicator values for light, temperature, and nitrogen), human-associated factors (e.g., introduction pathways and the sum of economic use types), and minimum residence time. We explored the relationships between these factors and species’ elevation range and invasion speed using phylogenetic regressions. Our results showed that 58 alien species have been expanding upward along mountain elevations in the Czech Republic over the past two centuries. A stronger effect of species’ traits than human-associated factors has been revealed, e.g., clonality was a key trait supporting the invasion of alien species into the mountains, while human-associated factors showed no effect. Our findings highlight that the characteristics associated with rapid reproduction and spread are crucial for alien species’ invasion into montane regions. Identifying key drivers of this process is important for predicting the spatiotemporal dynamics of alien species in high-altitude ecosystems and thus employing apposite measures to reduce the threat to native plant species.
{"title":"Clonal alien plants in the mountains spread upward more extensively and faster than non-clonal","authors":"Miao-Miao Zheng, Petr Pyšek, Kun Guo, Hasigerili Hasigerili, Wen‐Yong Guo","doi":"10.3897/neobiota.91.115675","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3897/neobiota.91.115675","url":null,"abstract":"Alien species are colonizing mountain ecosystems and increasing their elevation ranges in response to ongoing climate change and anthropogenic disturbances, posing increasing threats to native species. However, how quickly alien species spread upward and what drives their invasion remains insufficiently understood. Here, using 26,952 occurrence records of 58 alien plant species collected over two centuries in the Czech Republic, we explored the elevation range and invasion speed of each alien species and the underlying factors driving these variables. We collected species traits relevant for invasion (e.g., clonality, flowering time, life span, invasion status, height, mycorrhizal type, native range, naturalized range, monoploid genome size, and Ellenberg-type indicator values for light, temperature, and nitrogen), human-associated factors (e.g., introduction pathways and the sum of economic use types), and minimum residence time. We explored the relationships between these factors and species’ elevation range and invasion speed using phylogenetic regressions. Our results showed that 58 alien species have been expanding upward along mountain elevations in the Czech Republic over the past two centuries. A stronger effect of species’ traits than human-associated factors has been revealed, e.g., clonality was a key trait supporting the invasion of alien species into the mountains, while human-associated factors showed no effect. Our findings highlight that the characteristics associated with rapid reproduction and spread are crucial for alien species’ invasion into montane regions. Identifying key drivers of this process is important for predicting the spatiotemporal dynamics of alien species in high-altitude ecosystems and thus employing apposite measures to reduce the threat to native plant species.","PeriodicalId":54290,"journal":{"name":"Neobiota","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":5.1,"publicationDate":"2024-02-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139850903","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-02-05DOI: 10.3897/neobiota.91.109403
E. Pienaar, Diane J. E. Sturgeon
The exotic pet trade has resulted in substantial invasion and disease risks, owing to the release of pets into new environments. Scientists have conjectured that pet owners acquire and release species with undesirable traits because they are imperfectly informed about the traits of these animals. However, few studies have used social science methods to elicit pet owners’ preferences for exotic pets. In 2019 we administered a best-worst choice survey to 1,055 exotic pet owners in the United States (who own pet reptiles, amphibians, fish, or invertebrates) to examine how human preferences and incomplete information may contribute to the risks of the exotic pet trade. Respondents preferred colorful and patterned species. On average, respondents preferred medium-sized amphibians and reptiles, small fish, and large invertebrates, although they demonstrated heterogeneity in preferences with respect to the adult size of pets. Respondents also preferred amphibians and reptiles with medium life expectancies and fish and invertebrates with long life expectancies, although they again demonstrated heterogeneity in preferences with respect to pets’ life span. Respondents preferred docile animals, and were more likely to purchase lower-cost pets. We found some evidence that respondents’ decision to purchase exotic pets depended on whether these animals were native, rare, had unusual morphological features, and breed easily. Respondents’ decision to purchase specific taxa as exotic pets also depended on their age, education, and housing. Most respondents stated that they searched for information on pets’ diet, behavior, adult size, life span, costs of care such as equipment or veterinary costs, and whether the animal was captive bred before purchasing these animals. Excepting pets’ diets, fewer than half of respondents had been offered information on pets’ traits by sellers. On average, respondents rated the information they had been offered as average. Respondents typically obtained additional information about pets from online searches. Our results suggest that certification systems that provide critical information on exotic pets’ behaviors, adult size, longevity, fecundity, and husbandry needs should be implemented to prevent pet owners acquiring animals that they may subsequently abandon.
{"title":"Exotic pet owners’ preferences for different ectothermic taxa are based on species traits and purchase prices in the United States","authors":"E. Pienaar, Diane J. E. Sturgeon","doi":"10.3897/neobiota.91.109403","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3897/neobiota.91.109403","url":null,"abstract":"The exotic pet trade has resulted in substantial invasion and disease risks, owing to the release of pets into new environments. Scientists have conjectured that pet owners acquire and release species with undesirable traits because they are imperfectly informed about the traits of these animals. However, few studies have used social science methods to elicit pet owners’ preferences for exotic pets. In 2019 we administered a best-worst choice survey to 1,055 exotic pet owners in the United States (who own pet reptiles, amphibians, fish, or invertebrates) to examine how human preferences and incomplete information may contribute to the risks of the exotic pet trade. Respondents preferred colorful and patterned species. On average, respondents preferred medium-sized amphibians and reptiles, small fish, and large invertebrates, although they demonstrated heterogeneity in preferences with respect to the adult size of pets. Respondents also preferred amphibians and reptiles with medium life expectancies and fish and invertebrates with long life expectancies, although they again demonstrated heterogeneity in preferences with respect to pets’ life span. Respondents preferred docile animals, and were more likely to purchase lower-cost pets. We found some evidence that respondents’ decision to purchase exotic pets depended on whether these animals were native, rare, had unusual morphological features, and breed easily. Respondents’ decision to purchase specific taxa as exotic pets also depended on their age, education, and housing. Most respondents stated that they searched for information on pets’ diet, behavior, adult size, life span, costs of care such as equipment or veterinary costs, and whether the animal was captive bred before purchasing these animals. Excepting pets’ diets, fewer than half of respondents had been offered information on pets’ traits by sellers. On average, respondents rated the information they had been offered as average. Respondents typically obtained additional information about pets from online searches. Our results suggest that certification systems that provide critical information on exotic pets’ behaviors, adult size, longevity, fecundity, and husbandry needs should be implemented to prevent pet owners acquiring animals that they may subsequently abandon.","PeriodicalId":54290,"journal":{"name":"Neobiota","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":5.1,"publicationDate":"2024-02-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139865052","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-02-05DOI: 10.3897/neobiota.91.109403
E. Pienaar, Diane J. E. Sturgeon
The exotic pet trade has resulted in substantial invasion and disease risks, owing to the release of pets into new environments. Scientists have conjectured that pet owners acquire and release species with undesirable traits because they are imperfectly informed about the traits of these animals. However, few studies have used social science methods to elicit pet owners’ preferences for exotic pets. In 2019 we administered a best-worst choice survey to 1,055 exotic pet owners in the United States (who own pet reptiles, amphibians, fish, or invertebrates) to examine how human preferences and incomplete information may contribute to the risks of the exotic pet trade. Respondents preferred colorful and patterned species. On average, respondents preferred medium-sized amphibians and reptiles, small fish, and large invertebrates, although they demonstrated heterogeneity in preferences with respect to the adult size of pets. Respondents also preferred amphibians and reptiles with medium life expectancies and fish and invertebrates with long life expectancies, although they again demonstrated heterogeneity in preferences with respect to pets’ life span. Respondents preferred docile animals, and were more likely to purchase lower-cost pets. We found some evidence that respondents’ decision to purchase exotic pets depended on whether these animals were native, rare, had unusual morphological features, and breed easily. Respondents’ decision to purchase specific taxa as exotic pets also depended on their age, education, and housing. Most respondents stated that they searched for information on pets’ diet, behavior, adult size, life span, costs of care such as equipment or veterinary costs, and whether the animal was captive bred before purchasing these animals. Excepting pets’ diets, fewer than half of respondents had been offered information on pets’ traits by sellers. On average, respondents rated the information they had been offered as average. Respondents typically obtained additional information about pets from online searches. Our results suggest that certification systems that provide critical information on exotic pets’ behaviors, adult size, longevity, fecundity, and husbandry needs should be implemented to prevent pet owners acquiring animals that they may subsequently abandon.
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Pub Date : 2024-02-01DOI: 10.3897/neobiota.90.112383
Lars Pelikan, Eglė Šidagytė‐Copilas, A. Garbaras, Jonas Jourdan, D. Copilaș‐Ciocianu
The spread of non-native species is one of the outcomes of global change, threatening many native communities through predation and competition. Freshwater ecosystems are particularly affected by species turnover with non-native species. One species that has been established in Central Europe for many decades – or even a few centuries – is the amphipod crustacean Gammarus roeselii. Although G. roeselii is nowadays widespread in major river systems, there have been recent reports of its spread into smaller streams that are typically inhabited by the native species Gammarus fossarum. Due to their leaf shredding ability, G. fossarum takes up a key position in headwater streams. This raises the important question, to what extent G. roeselii can equivalently take over this function. To answer this question, we collected both species from nine different sites in a mid-mountain river system (Kinzig catchment, Hesse, Germany) and investigated their functional similarity using a combination of stable isotope analysis, gut content and functional morphology. The species hardly differed in morphological characteristics, only females showed differences in some traits. Gut content analysis indicated a broad dietary overlap, while stable isotopes showed a higher trophic position of G. roeselii. The observed functional overlap could intensify interspecific competition and allow the larger and more predaceous G. roeselii to replace G. fossarum in the future as a headwater keystone species. However, the differentiation in the stable isotopes also shows that co-existence can occur by occupying different trophic niches. Moreover, the wide range of inhabited sites and exploited resources demonstrate the omnivorous lifestyle of G. roeselii, which is likely to help the species succeed in rapidly changing environments.
非本地物种的传播是全球变化的结果之一，通过捕食和竞争威胁着许多本地群落。淡水生态系统尤其受到非本地物种更替的影响。双足甲壳动物 Gammarus roeselii 在中欧已经生存了几十年甚至几个世纪。尽管 Gammarus roeselii 如今已广泛分布于主要河流水系，但最近有报告称，它已蔓延到通常由本地物种 Gammarus fossarum 栖息的较小溪流中。由于其撕碎树叶的能力，G. fossarum 在上游溪流中占据了重要位置。这就提出了一个重要的问题：在多大程度上 G. roeselii 可以等效地取代这一功能。为了回答这个问题，我们从半山河流系统（德国黑森州金齐格集水区）的九个不同地点收集了这两个物种，并结合稳定同位素分析、肠道内容物和功能形态学研究了它们的功能相似性。这些物种在形态特征上几乎没有差异，只有雌性在某些特征上存在差异。肠道成分分析表明，G. roeselii 的食性广泛重叠，而稳定同位素则表明其营养级较高。所观察到的功能重叠可能会加剧种间竞争，使体型更大、捕食能力更强的 G. roeselii 在未来取代 G. fossarum 成为上游关键物种。不过，稳定同位素的差异也表明，占据不同营养位的物种也可以共存。此外，G. roeselii栖息地和可利用资源的广泛性表明其生活方式是杂食性的，这可能有助于该物种在快速变化的环境中取得成功。
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Pub Date : 2024-02-01DOI: 10.3897/neobiota.90.112383
Lars Pelikan, Eglė Šidagytė‐Copilas, A. Garbaras, Jonas Jourdan, D. Copilaș‐Ciocianu
The spread of non-native species is one of the outcomes of global change, threatening many native communities through predation and competition. Freshwater ecosystems are particularly affected by species turnover with non-native species. One species that has been established in Central Europe for many decades – or even a few centuries – is the amphipod crustacean Gammarus roeselii. Although G. roeselii is nowadays widespread in major river systems, there have been recent reports of its spread into smaller streams that are typically inhabited by the native species Gammarus fossarum. Due to their leaf shredding ability, G. fossarum takes up a key position in headwater streams. This raises the important question, to what extent G. roeselii can equivalently take over this function. To answer this question, we collected both species from nine different sites in a mid-mountain river system (Kinzig catchment, Hesse, Germany) and investigated their functional similarity using a combination of stable isotope analysis, gut content and functional morphology. The species hardly differed in morphological characteristics, only females showed differences in some traits. Gut content analysis indicated a broad dietary overlap, while stable isotopes showed a higher trophic position of G. roeselii. The observed functional overlap could intensify interspecific competition and allow the larger and more predaceous G. roeselii to replace G. fossarum in the future as a headwater keystone species. However, the differentiation in the stable isotopes also shows that co-existence can occur by occupying different trophic niches. Moreover, the wide range of inhabited sites and exploited resources demonstrate the omnivorous lifestyle of G. roeselii, which is likely to help the species succeed in rapidly changing environments.
非本地物种的传播是全球变化的结果之一，通过捕食和竞争威胁着许多本地群落。淡水生态系统尤其受到非本地物种更替的影响。双足甲壳动物 Gammarus roeselii 在中欧已经生存了几十年甚至几个世纪。尽管 Gammarus roeselii 如今已广泛分布于主要河流水系，但最近有报告称，它已蔓延到通常由本地物种 Gammarus fossarum 栖息的较小溪流中。由于其撕碎树叶的能力，G. fossarum 在上游溪流中占据了重要位置。这就提出了一个重要的问题：在多大程度上 G. roeselii 可以等效地取代这一功能。为了回答这个问题，我们从半山河流系统（德国黑森州金齐格集水区）的九个不同地点收集了这两个物种，并结合稳定同位素分析、肠道内容物和功能形态学研究了它们的功能相似性。这些物种在形态特征上几乎没有差异，只有雌性在某些特征上存在差异。肠道成分分析表明，G. roeselii 的食性广泛重叠，而稳定同位素则表明其营养级较高。所观察到的功能重叠可能会加剧种间竞争，使体型更大、捕食能力更强的 G. roeselii 在未来取代 G. fossarum 成为上游关键物种。不过，稳定同位素的差异也表明，占据不同营养位的物种也可以共存。此外，G. roeselii栖息地和可利用资源的广泛性表明其生活方式是杂食性的，这可能有助于该物种在快速变化的环境中取得成功。
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Pub Date : 2024-01-29DOI: 10.3897/neobiota.90.109221
Krzysztof Podwysocki, A. Desiderato, Tomasz Mamos, T. Rewicz, Michał Grabowski, A. Konopacka, K. Bącela-Spychalska
Non-indigenous species (NIS) contribute to the decrease of native species’ diversity on a local and global scale. One of Europe’s most significant donors of freshwater invasions is the Ponto-Caspian Region. Following the construction of artificial canals connecting isolated waterbodies and the resulting heavy boat traffic, the Ponto-Caspian Amphipoda started to spread in Europe. Four amphipod species: Dikerogammarus haemobaphes, Dikerogammarus villosus, Pontogammarus robustoides and Chaetogammarus ischnus have invaded the Masurian Lakeland (North-eastern Poland). Based on literature and our data, we studied their distribution in 22 lakes in the region during the years 2001–2016. We analysed their distribution against several water quality parameters and levels of anthropogenic pressure. Our results also present the first records of two new invaders, D. villosus and C. ischnus, in the studied area. We show that the relative abundance and frequency of these two species rapidly increase and, simultaneously, the populations of the earlier invaders, i.e. D. haemobaphes and P. robustoides, decrease. The native species – Gammarus lacustris – seems to be negatively affected by NIS richness, as well as by the proximity of towns. The spread of NIS in the lakes appears to be facilitated by boating and the lower complexity of the shoreline. Our study shows how anthropogenic pressure, especially tourism, can facilitate bioinvasion, jeopardising native biodiversity unless appropriate regulations are implemented.
非本地物种（NIS）在地方和全球范围内导致本地物种多样性的减少。欧洲最重要的淡水入侵捐助国之一是蓬托-里海地区。随着连接孤立水体的人工运河的修建以及由此产生的大量船只交通，蓬托-里海片脚类动物开始在欧洲蔓延。四种片脚类动物Dikerogammarus haemobaphes、Dikerogammarus villosus、Pontogammarus robustoides 和 Chaetogammarus ischnus 已入侵马祖里湖区（波兰东北部）。根据文献和我们的数据，我们研究了 2001-2016 年期间它们在该地区 22 个湖泊中的分布情况。我们根据多个水质参数和人为压力水平分析了它们的分布情况。我们的研究结果还首次记录了研究地区的两种新入侵者：D. villosus 和 C. ischnus。我们发现，这两个物种的相对丰度和频率迅速增加，与此同时，早期入侵者（即 D. haemobaphes 和 P. robustoides）的数量却在减少。本地物种--Gammarus lacustris--似乎受到了丰富的 NIS 以及城镇附近的负面影响。划船和较低的海岸线复杂性似乎促进了 NIS 在湖泊中的传播。我们的研究表明，人为压力（尤其是旅游业）会促进生物入侵，危害本地生物多样性，除非实施适当的法规。
{"title":"Recent invasion of Ponto-Caspian amphipods in the Masurian Lakeland associated with human leisure activities","authors":"Krzysztof Podwysocki, A. Desiderato, Tomasz Mamos, T. Rewicz, Michał Grabowski, A. Konopacka, K. Bącela-Spychalska","doi":"10.3897/neobiota.90.109221","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3897/neobiota.90.109221","url":null,"abstract":"Non-indigenous species (NIS) contribute to the decrease of native species’ diversity on a local and global scale. One of Europe’s most significant donors of freshwater invasions is the Ponto-Caspian Region. Following the construction of artificial canals connecting isolated waterbodies and the resulting heavy boat traffic, the Ponto-Caspian Amphipoda started to spread in Europe. Four amphipod species: Dikerogammarus haemobaphes, Dikerogammarus villosus, Pontogammarus robustoides and Chaetogammarus ischnus have invaded the Masurian Lakeland (North-eastern Poland). Based on literature and our data, we studied their distribution in 22 lakes in the region during the years 2001–2016. We analysed their distribution against several water quality parameters and levels of anthropogenic pressure. Our results also present the first records of two new invaders, D. villosus and C. ischnus, in the studied area. We show that the relative abundance and frequency of these two species rapidly increase and, simultaneously, the populations of the earlier invaders, i.e. D. haemobaphes and P. robustoides, decrease. The native species – Gammarus lacustris – seems to be negatively affected by NIS richness, as well as by the proximity of towns. The spread of NIS in the lakes appears to be facilitated by boating and the lower complexity of the shoreline. Our study shows how anthropogenic pressure, especially tourism, can facilitate bioinvasion, jeopardising native biodiversity unless appropriate regulations are implemented.","PeriodicalId":54290,"journal":{"name":"Neobiota","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":5.1,"publicationDate":"2024-01-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140488124","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-01-25DOI: 10.3897/neobiota.90.112368
Montserrat Vilà, Alejandro Trillo, P. Castro-Díez, Belinda Gallardo, Sven Bacher
The impacts of invasive species can vary widely across invaded sites and depend on the ecological variable of study. In this paper, we describe the first harmonised database that compiles scientific evidence of the ecological impacts of invasive plant species at continental scale. We summarise results from 266 publications reporting 4259 field studies on 104 invasive species in 29 European countries. For each study, we recorded whether the effects were statistically significant and noted their direction (i.e. decrease or increase in the response variable when compared to uninvaded sites). We classified studies, based on the impacts on the levels of ecological organisation (species, communities and ecosystems), taxa and trophic level. More than half of the studies were conducted in temperate and boreal forests and woodlands and temperate grasslands. Notably, one third of the studies focused on just five invasive species. Most studies were on native species followed by studies on communities. Impacts on plants were more frequently studied than impacts on other taxa and trophic groups. Overall, 43% of the studies reported significant impacts, with more significant decreases (26%) than increases (17%) in the response variables. Significant impacts were more frequent on species and communities than on ecosystems; and on plants than on animals or microbes. This database is of interest for academic, management and policy-related purposes.
{"title":"Field studies of the ecological impacts of invasive plants in Europe","authors":"Montserrat Vilà, Alejandro Trillo, P. Castro-Díez, Belinda Gallardo, Sven Bacher","doi":"10.3897/neobiota.90.112368","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3897/neobiota.90.112368","url":null,"abstract":"The impacts of invasive species can vary widely across invaded sites and depend on the ecological variable of study. In this paper, we describe the first harmonised database that compiles scientific evidence of the ecological impacts of invasive plant species at continental scale. We summarise results from 266 publications reporting 4259 field studies on 104 invasive species in 29 European countries. For each study, we recorded whether the effects were statistically significant and noted their direction (i.e. decrease or increase in the response variable when compared to uninvaded sites). We classified studies, based on the impacts on the levels of ecological organisation (species, communities and ecosystems), taxa and trophic level. More than half of the studies were conducted in temperate and boreal forests and woodlands and temperate grasslands. Notably, one third of the studies focused on just five invasive species. Most studies were on native species followed by studies on communities. Impacts on plants were more frequently studied than impacts on other taxa and trophic groups. Overall, 43% of the studies reported significant impacts, with more significant decreases (26%) than increases (17%) in the response variables. Significant impacts were more frequent on species and communities than on ecosystems; and on plants than on animals or microbes. This database is of interest for academic, management and policy-related purposes.","PeriodicalId":54290,"journal":{"name":"Neobiota","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":5.1,"publicationDate":"2024-01-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139596901","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-01-18DOI: 10.3897/neobiota.90.113421
Olivier Hendrik Berteloot, Alexandre Kuhn, Gertie Peusens, Tim Beliën, Louis Hautier, Thomas Van Leeuwen, Patrick De Clercq
The brown marmorated stink bug, Halyomorpha halys, native to East Asia, is an invasive pest of economic importance. It has invaded North America and many European countries and is further expanding its range. In Belgium, it was first observed in 2011. Halyomorpha halys is known to cause severe damage in commercial fruit orchards and vegetable crops. A dramatic and unmitigated expansion of H. halys in its adventive range could lead to significant economic implications for agricultural production. In this study, occurrence data of H. halys since its first observation in Belgium was analysed together with molecular information to map the populations and evaluate the genetic diversity of this pest. The genetic diversity of H. halys in Belgium was compared to data from other invaded and native countries reported in previous studies to identify possible invasion routes. The analysis of 1176-bp of mitochondrial DNA cytochrome c oxidase I and II genes (COI and COII) led to the discovery of two novel COI-COII haplotype combinations currently unique to Belgium. The invasion of H. halys in Belgium is likely the result of multiple and ongoing introductions from its native region and from already invaded countries in Europe, particularly Italy. The expansion of the brown marmorated stink bug populations in Belgium is recent and ongoing. Presently, it appears to thrive best in northern Belgium.
褐马蝽原产于东亚，是一种具有重要经济意义的入侵害虫。它已入侵北美和许多欧洲国家，并正在进一步扩大范围。比利时于 2011 年首次观察到这种害虫。据了解，Halyomorpha halys 会对商业果园和蔬菜作物造成严重破坏。如果哈雷虫在其入侵范围内急剧扩大，可能会对农业生产造成重大经济影响。本研究结合分子信息分析了自比利时首次观察到哈雷虫以来的发生数据，以绘制其种群图谱并评估该害虫的遗传多样性。比利时哈雷虫的遗传多样性与之前研究中报告的其他入侵国家和本地国家的数据进行了比较，以确定可能的入侵路线。通过对线粒体 DNA 细胞色素 c 氧化酶 I 和 II 基因（COI 和 COII）1176-bp 的分析，发现了目前比利时独有的两种新型 COI-COII 单倍型组合。H.halys入侵比利时很可能是从其原产地和已经入侵的欧洲国家（尤其是意大利）多次和持续引入的结果。褐马蝽种群在比利时的扩展是最近才开始的，而且还在继续。目前，它似乎在比利时北部生长得最好。
{"title":"Distribution and genetic diversity of the invasive pest Halyomorpha halys (Hemiptera, Pentatomidae) in Belgium","authors":"Olivier Hendrik Berteloot, Alexandre Kuhn, Gertie Peusens, Tim Beliën, Louis Hautier, Thomas Van Leeuwen, Patrick De Clercq","doi":"10.3897/neobiota.90.113421","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3897/neobiota.90.113421","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000The brown marmorated stink bug, Halyomorpha halys, native to East Asia, is an invasive pest of economic importance. It has invaded North America and many European countries and is further expanding its range. In Belgium, it was first observed in 2011. Halyomorpha halys is known to cause severe damage in commercial fruit orchards and vegetable crops. A dramatic and unmitigated expansion of H. halys in its adventive range could lead to significant economic implications for agricultural production. In this study, occurrence data of H. halys since its first observation in Belgium was analysed together with molecular information to map the populations and evaluate the genetic diversity of this pest. The genetic diversity of H. halys in Belgium was compared to data from other invaded and native countries reported in previous studies to identify possible invasion routes. The analysis of 1176-bp of mitochondrial DNA cytochrome c oxidase I and II genes (COI and COII) led to the discovery of two novel COI-COII haplotype combinations currently unique to Belgium. The invasion of H. halys in Belgium is likely the result of multiple and ongoing introductions from its native region and from already invaded countries in Europe, particularly Italy. The expansion of the brown marmorated stink bug populations in Belgium is recent and ongoing. Presently, it appears to thrive best in northern Belgium.","PeriodicalId":54290,"journal":{"name":"Neobiota","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":5.1,"publicationDate":"2024-01-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139500120","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-01-15DOI: 10.3897/neobiota.90.113069
Tamara Těšitelová, Kateřina Knotková, Adam Knotek, Hana Cempírková, Jakub Těšitel
Alien invasive plants threaten biodiversity by rapid spread and competitive exclusion of native plant species. Especially, tall clonal invasives can rapidly attain strong dominance in vegetation. Root-hemiparasitic plants are known to suppress the growth of clonal plants by the uptake of resources from their below-ground organs and reduce their abundance. However, root-hemiparasites’ ability to interact with alien clonal plants has not yet been tested. We explored the interactions between native root-hemiparasitic species, Melampyrum arvense and Rhinanthus alectorolophus and invasive aliens, Solidago gigantea and Symphyotrichum lanceolatum. We investigated the haustorial connections and conducted a pot experiment. We used seeds from wild hemiparasite populations and those cultivated in monostands of the invasive plants to identify a possible selection of lineages with increased compatibility with these alien hosts. The hemiparasitic species significantly suppressed the growth of the invasive plants. Melampyrum inflicted the most substantial growth reduction on Solidago (78%), followed by Rhinanthus (49%). Both hemiparasitic species reduced Symphyotrichum biomass by one-third. Additionally, Melampyrum reduced the shoot density of both host species. We also observed some transgenerational effects possibly facilitating the growth of hemiparasites sourced from subpopulations experienced with the host. Native root hemiparasites can effectively decrease alien clonal plants’ biomass production and shoot density. The outcomes of these interactions are species-specific and may be associated with the level of clonal integration of the hosts. The putative selection of lineages with higher performance when attached to the invasive novel hosts may increase hemiparasites’ efficiency in future biocontrol applications.
{"title":"Root hemiparasites suppress invasive alien clonal plants: evidence from a cultivation experiment","authors":"Tamara Těšitelová, Kateřina Knotková, Adam Knotek, Hana Cempírková, Jakub Těšitel","doi":"10.3897/neobiota.90.113069","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3897/neobiota.90.113069","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000Alien invasive plants threaten biodiversity by rapid spread and competitive exclusion of native plant species. Especially, tall clonal invasives can rapidly attain strong dominance in vegetation. Root-hemiparasitic plants are known to suppress the growth of clonal plants by the uptake of resources from their below-ground organs and reduce their abundance. However, root-hemiparasites’ ability to interact with alien clonal plants has not yet been tested.\u0000We explored the interactions between native root-hemiparasitic species, Melampyrum arvense and Rhinanthus alectorolophus and invasive aliens, Solidago gigantea and Symphyotrichum lanceolatum. We investigated the haustorial connections and conducted a pot experiment. We used seeds from wild hemiparasite populations and those cultivated in monostands of the invasive plants to identify a possible selection of lineages with increased compatibility with these alien hosts. The hemiparasitic species significantly suppressed the growth of the invasive plants. Melampyrum inflicted the most substantial growth reduction on Solidago (78%), followed by Rhinanthus (49%). Both hemiparasitic species reduced Symphyotrichum biomass by one-third. Additionally, Melampyrum reduced the shoot density of both host species. We also observed some transgenerational effects possibly facilitating the growth of hemiparasites sourced from subpopulations experienced with the host.\u0000Native root hemiparasites can effectively decrease alien clonal plants’ biomass production and shoot density. The outcomes of these interactions are species-specific and may be associated with the level of clonal integration of the hosts. The putative selection of lineages with higher performance when attached to the invasive novel hosts may increase hemiparasites’ efficiency in future biocontrol applications.","PeriodicalId":54290,"journal":{"name":"Neobiota","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":5.1,"publicationDate":"2024-01-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139470200","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-01-10DOI: 10.3897/neobiota.90.110659
Adam Bernich, Kris French, Michael Bedward
To compare the capacity of native and exotic vine species established under a rainforest canopy, a comparison of growth rates and resource allocation was made amongst five exotic vine species that are serious and common invaders and two common native vine species under two light conditions reflective of edge and interior canopy conditions. All species experienced heavy reductions in growth parameters in the low-light treatment, but three exotic species showed stronger growth under the low light. All exotic species had higher plasticity in leaf morphology showing a significant increase in SLA under low light. Native vines may have a lower capacity to change leaf morphology in shade, as a result of local adaptation to edge habitats. Higher SLA under both low and high light conditions suggests that exotic vines species are able to exploit a range of forest conditions better than the native species. Three species, Anredera cordifolia, Araujia sericifera and Cardiospermum grandiflorum, appear particularly capable of invading rainforest interiors. Individuals produced few leaves, focusing resources on roots and stems suggesting a response to reach the canopy quickly. With their long-distance seed dispersal, plasticity in leaf SLA and high RGR, these species appear most likely to invade undisturbed rainforest.
{"title":"Assessing the invasion potential of five common exotic vine species in temperate Australian rainforests","authors":"Adam Bernich, Kris French, Michael Bedward","doi":"10.3897/neobiota.90.110659","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3897/neobiota.90.110659","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000To compare the capacity of native and exotic vine species established under a rainforest canopy, a comparison of growth rates and resource allocation was made amongst five exotic vine species that are serious and common invaders and two common native vine species under two light conditions reflective of edge and interior canopy conditions. All species experienced heavy reductions in growth parameters in the low-light treatment, but three exotic species showed stronger growth under the low light. All exotic species had higher plasticity in leaf morphology showing a significant increase in SLA under low light. Native vines may have a lower capacity to change leaf morphology in shade, as a result of local adaptation to edge habitats. Higher SLA under both low and high light conditions suggests that exotic vines species are able to exploit a range of forest conditions better than the native species. Three species, Anredera cordifolia, Araujia sericifera and Cardiospermum grandiflorum, appear particularly capable of invading rainforest interiors. Individuals produced few leaves, focusing resources on roots and stems suggesting a response to reach the canopy quickly. With their long-distance seed dispersal, plasticity in leaf SLA and high RGR, these species appear most likely to invade undisturbed rainforest.","PeriodicalId":54290,"journal":{"name":"Neobiota","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":5.1,"publicationDate":"2024-01-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139410727","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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