Pub Date : 2022-03-31DOI: 10.1080/10549811.2022.2059517
T. Baul, Anwarul Islam Chowdhury, Md Jamal Uddin, Mohammad Kamrul Hasan, Lars Holger Schmidt, R. Nandi, T. Nath
ABSTRACT Natural regeneration in tropical forests is considered an essential part of forest restoration efforts; however, it is often under-estimated where the main focus has traditionally been on tree planting. This study assessed natural regeneration and its potential for the conservation of native tree species in Sitapahar Forest Reserve, Bangladesh. We established 99 temporary plots (2 m × 2 m each) in three canopy classes, namely dense canopy (DC, 70–100% canopy coverage), moderate canopy (MC, 40–70%), and open canopy (OC, <40%). In each plot, regenerating tree species were counted, identified, and height (m), collar diameter (cm), and diameter at breast height (dbh, cm) were measured. We identified 79 regenerating tree species under 31 plant families of which 61 were found in DC areas followed by 56 and 36 in MC and OC areas, respectively. Most of the species in DC areas were late-successional, while the OC areas were dominated by early successional species. Diversity and density of regeneration were lowest in OC areas. Findings of this study suggest harnessing biodiversity conservation by promoting natural regeneration and identifying the areas with higher potential for assisted natural regeneration that will enable in situ conservation of rare and vulnerable species by protecting them from further erosion.
热带森林的自然更新被认为是森林恢复工作的重要组成部分。然而，在传统上主要关注植树的地方，这一数字往往被低估。本研究评估了孟加拉国西塔帕哈尔森林保护区的自然更新及其对本地树种保护的潜力。我们建立了99个临时样地(每个2 m × 2 m)，分为3个冠层类型，即茂密冠层(DC, 70-100%冠层覆盖率)、中等冠层(MC, 40-70%)和开阔冠层(OC， <40%)。在每个样地对再生树种进行计数和鉴定，并测量树高(m)、树冠直径(cm)和胸径(dbh, cm)。共鉴定出31科79种再生树种，其中DC区61种，MC区56种，OC区36种。DC区以晚演替为主，OC区以早演替为主。OC区植被多样性和更新密度最低。本研究结果建议通过促进自然再生和确定具有更高辅助自然再生潜力的地区来利用生物多样性保护，从而保护稀有和脆弱物种免受进一步侵蚀，从而实现原位保护。
{"title":"Diversity and Phytosociology of Natural Regeneration in a Sub-tropical Forest of Chittagong Hill Tracts, Bangladesh: Implications for Conservation","authors":"T. Baul, Anwarul Islam Chowdhury, Md Jamal Uddin, Mohammad Kamrul Hasan, Lars Holger Schmidt, R. Nandi, T. Nath","doi":"10.1080/10549811.2022.2059517","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10549811.2022.2059517","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Natural regeneration in tropical forests is considered an essential part of forest restoration efforts; however, it is often under-estimated where the main focus has traditionally been on tree planting. This study assessed natural regeneration and its potential for the conservation of native tree species in Sitapahar Forest Reserve, Bangladesh. We established 99 temporary plots (2 m × 2 m each) in three canopy classes, namely dense canopy (DC, 70–100% canopy coverage), moderate canopy (MC, 40–70%), and open canopy (OC, <40%). In each plot, regenerating tree species were counted, identified, and height (m), collar diameter (cm), and diameter at breast height (dbh, cm) were measured. We identified 79 regenerating tree species under 31 plant families of which 61 were found in DC areas followed by 56 and 36 in MC and OC areas, respectively. Most of the species in DC areas were late-successional, while the OC areas were dominated by early successional species. Diversity and density of regeneration were lowest in OC areas. Findings of this study suggest harnessing biodiversity conservation by promoting natural regeneration and identifying the areas with higher potential for assisted natural regeneration that will enable in situ conservation of rare and vulnerable species by protecting them from further erosion.","PeriodicalId":54313,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Sustainable Forestry","volume":"41 1","pages":"895 - 908"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2022-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48068323","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-03-31DOI: 10.1080/10549811.2022.2053162
Joseph Alhassan, Andrews Ofosu, Suale Iddrisu, Emmanuel Kofi Garsonu
ABSTRACT Drawing on a qualitative approach, this paper examines wood fuel producers’ insight on the environmental effects of their activities in the forest area of the Kintampo North Municipality. Tape-recorded interviews were transcribed and analyzed thematically based on manual analysis. Results indicated that wood fuel producers have no option than to engage in the activities of charcoal production and fuelwood collection due to absolute poverty, unemployment, and the need for energy for cooking and heating. However, producers of wood fuel do not establish their plantations for wood fuel extraction; rather depend on the natural forest for their extraction. This resulted in environmental effects including deforestation, forest degradation, and loss of biodiversity. Since the current state of wood fuel extraction presents dire environmental consequences to the forest resources, we recommend Forestry Commission and the Municipal Assembly initiate tree planting exercises to make wood fuel a sustainable energy in Ghana. Poverty reduction programs such as Livelihood Empowerment against Poverty (LEAP) targeted at supporting inhabitants who want to engage in other forms of livelihood activities including shear butter processing to alleviate them from absolute poverty are strongly recommended. This will help reduce their over-dependence on the forest resources for survival.
{"title":"Wood Fuel Producers’ Insight on the Environmental Effects of Their Activities in Ghana","authors":"Joseph Alhassan, Andrews Ofosu, Suale Iddrisu, Emmanuel Kofi Garsonu","doi":"10.1080/10549811.2022.2053162","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10549811.2022.2053162","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Drawing on a qualitative approach, this paper examines wood fuel producers’ insight on the environmental effects of their activities in the forest area of the Kintampo North Municipality. Tape-recorded interviews were transcribed and analyzed thematically based on manual analysis. Results indicated that wood fuel producers have no option than to engage in the activities of charcoal production and fuelwood collection due to absolute poverty, unemployment, and the need for energy for cooking and heating. However, producers of wood fuel do not establish their plantations for wood fuel extraction; rather depend on the natural forest for their extraction. This resulted in environmental effects including deforestation, forest degradation, and loss of biodiversity. Since the current state of wood fuel extraction presents dire environmental consequences to the forest resources, we recommend Forestry Commission and the Municipal Assembly initiate tree planting exercises to make wood fuel a sustainable energy in Ghana. Poverty reduction programs such as Livelihood Empowerment against Poverty (LEAP) targeted at supporting inhabitants who want to engage in other forms of livelihood activities including shear butter processing to alleviate them from absolute poverty are strongly recommended. This will help reduce their over-dependence on the forest resources for survival.","PeriodicalId":54313,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Sustainable Forestry","volume":"42 1","pages":"607 - 623"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2022-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44157109","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-03-30DOI: 10.1080/10549811.2022.2059515
K. Kundu, P. Halder, J. K. Mandal
ABSTRACT In this paper, satellite imagery is classified into four categories using the fuzzy c-means algorithm of the Indian Sundarbans due to its forest density changes. The categories are dense forest, sparse forest, water bodies, and wetlands. The study reveals that net forest areas declined by 3.75% from 932 km2 in 1975 to 847 km2 in 2018 and the rate of deforestation was 1.96 km2 year−1. The correlation statistic shows that the deforested areas were converted to wetland and water bodies. The results of the forest canopy density (FCD) model show that areas, with canopy density of 60–100% gradually declined from 42% (939 km2) in 1975 to 36% (814 km2) in 2018. Moreover, we also observed that maximum canopy density was >80% in 1990 and 60–80% in 1975. The results of the forest fragmentation model show that forest patch and edge areas progressively increased by 253% and 28%, respectively, while perforated forest areas slowly decreased with 11%. We find that most forest fragmentation happened in patch, edge, perforated, and core forest with an area >4 km2. Therefore, this study may be helpful in monitoring land cover changes of the Indian Sundarbans for sustainable mangrove forests.
{"title":"Estimation and Analysis of Change Detection, Forest Canopy Density, and Forest Fragmentation: A Case Study of the Indian Sundarbans","authors":"K. Kundu, P. Halder, J. K. Mandal","doi":"10.1080/10549811.2022.2059515","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10549811.2022.2059515","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT In this paper, satellite imagery is classified into four categories using the fuzzy c-means algorithm of the Indian Sundarbans due to its forest density changes. The categories are dense forest, sparse forest, water bodies, and wetlands. The study reveals that net forest areas declined by 3.75% from 932 km2 in 1975 to 847 km2 in 2018 and the rate of deforestation was 1.96 km2 year−1. The correlation statistic shows that the deforested areas were converted to wetland and water bodies. The results of the forest canopy density (FCD) model show that areas, with canopy density of 60–100% gradually declined from 42% (939 km2) in 1975 to 36% (814 km2) in 2018. Moreover, we also observed that maximum canopy density was >80% in 1990 and 60–80% in 1975. The results of the forest fragmentation model show that forest patch and edge areas progressively increased by 253% and 28%, respectively, while perforated forest areas slowly decreased with 11%. We find that most forest fragmentation happened in patch, edge, perforated, and core forest with an area >4 km2. Therefore, this study may be helpful in monitoring land cover changes of the Indian Sundarbans for sustainable mangrove forests.","PeriodicalId":54313,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Sustainable Forestry","volume":"42 1","pages":"624 - 639"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2022-03-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47181415","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Aiming at the problem of incompatibility of biomass models of forest organs, taking Chinese fir in Fujian Jiangle State-owned Forest Farm as the research object, based on selecting the optimal independent model of each organ, the biomass compatibility model of Chinese fir was established with a three-level joint control scheme. The results show that the compatibility equation system based on the whole plant biomass can effectively solve the problem of incompatibility in the whole plant biomass, each sub-biomass and between sub-biomass. Besides, except for the leaf biomass model, all other biomass models have good fitting effect, which is of great significance to the guidance of the analysis of local Chinese fir biomass.
{"title":"Analysis of biomass compatibility model of Chinese fir in Jiangle, Fujian Province","authors":"Ming-liang Wu","doi":"10.24294/sf.v5i1.1617","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24294/sf.v5i1.1617","url":null,"abstract":"Aiming at the problem of incompatibility of biomass models of forest organs, taking Chinese fir in Fujian Jiangle State-owned Forest Farm as the research object, based on selecting the optimal independent model of each organ, the biomass compatibility model of Chinese fir was established with a three-level joint control scheme. The results show that the compatibility equation system based on the whole plant biomass can effectively solve the problem of incompatibility in the whole plant biomass, each sub-biomass and between sub-biomass. Besides, except for the leaf biomass model, all other biomass models have good fitting effect, which is of great significance to the guidance of the analysis of local Chinese fir biomass.","PeriodicalId":54313,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Sustainable Forestry","volume":"4 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2022-03-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79280250","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Hai-qing Hu, Sisheng Luo, Bizhen Luo, Shujing Wei, Zhen-shi Wang
Forest fire, as a discontinuous ecological factor of forest, causes the changes of carbon storage and carbon distribution in forest ecosystem, and affects the process of forest succession and national carbon capacity. Taking the burned land with different forest fire interference intensity as the research object, using the comparison method of adjacent sample plots, and taking the combination of field investigation sampling and indoor test analysis as the main means, this paper studies the influence of different forest fire interference intensity on the carbon pool of forest ecosystem and the change and spatial distribution pattern of ecosystem carbon density, and discusses the influence mechanism of forest fire interference on ecosystem carbon density and distribution pattern. The results showed that forest fire disturbance reduced the carbon density of vegetation (P < 0.05). The carbon density of vegetation in the light, moderate and high forest fire disturbance sample plots were 67.88, 35.68 and 15.50 t∙hm-2, which decreased by 15.86%, 55.78% and 80.79% respectively compared with the control group. In the light, moderate and high forest fire disturbance sample plots, the carbon density of litter was 1.43, 0.94 and 0.81 t∙hm-2, which decreased by 28.14%, 52.76% and 59.30% respectively compared with the control group. The soil organic carbon density of the sample plots with different forest fire disturbance intensity is lower than that of the control group, and the reduction degree gradually decreases with the increase of soil profile depth. The soil organic carbon density of the sample plots with light, moderate and high forest fire disturbance is 103.30, 84.33 and 70.04 t∙hm-2 respectively, which is 11.670%, 27.899% and 40.11% lower than that of the control group respectively; the carbon density of forest ecosystem was 172.61, 120.95 and 86.35 t∙hm-2 after light, moderate and high forest fire disturbance, which decreased by 13.53%, 39.41% and 56.74% respectively compared with the control group; forest fire disturbance reduced the carbon density of eucalyptus forest, which showed a law of carbon density decreasing with the increase of forest fire disturbance intensity. Compared with the control group, the effect of light forest fire disturbance intensity on the carbon density of eucalyptus forest was not significant (P > 0.05), while the effect of moderate and high forest fire disturbance intensity on the carbon density of eucalyptus forest was significant (P < 0.05).
{"title":"Effects of forest fire disturbance on carbon density of eucalyptus forest ecosystem in Guangdong Province","authors":"Hai-qing Hu, Sisheng Luo, Bizhen Luo, Shujing Wei, Zhen-shi Wang","doi":"10.24294/sf.v5i1.1616","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24294/sf.v5i1.1616","url":null,"abstract":"Forest fire, as a discontinuous ecological factor of forest, causes the changes of carbon storage and carbon distribution in forest ecosystem, and affects the process of forest succession and national carbon capacity. Taking the burned land with different forest fire interference intensity as the research object, using the comparison method of adjacent sample plots, and taking the combination of field investigation sampling and indoor test analysis as the main means, this paper studies the influence of different forest fire interference intensity on the carbon pool of forest ecosystem and the change and spatial distribution pattern of ecosystem carbon density, and discusses the influence mechanism of forest fire interference on ecosystem carbon density and distribution pattern. The results showed that forest fire disturbance reduced the carbon density of vegetation (P < 0.05). The carbon density of vegetation in the light, moderate and high forest fire disturbance sample plots were 67.88, 35.68 and 15.50 t∙hm-2, which decreased by 15.86%, 55.78% and 80.79% respectively compared with the control group. In the light, moderate and high forest fire disturbance sample plots, the carbon density of litter was 1.43, 0.94 and 0.81 t∙hm-2, which decreased by 28.14%, 52.76% and 59.30% respectively compared with the control group. The soil organic carbon density of the sample plots with different forest fire disturbance intensity is lower than that of the control group, and the reduction degree gradually decreases with the increase of soil profile depth. The soil organic carbon density of the sample plots with light, moderate and high forest fire disturbance is 103.30, 84.33 and 70.04 t∙hm-2 respectively, which is 11.670%, 27.899% and 40.11% lower than that of the control group respectively; the carbon density of forest ecosystem was 172.61, 120.95 and 86.35 t∙hm-2 after light, moderate and high forest fire disturbance, which decreased by 13.53%, 39.41% and 56.74% respectively compared with the control group; forest fire disturbance reduced the carbon density of eucalyptus forest, which showed a law of carbon density decreasing with the increase of forest fire disturbance intensity. Compared with the control group, the effect of light forest fire disturbance intensity on the carbon density of eucalyptus forest was not significant (P > 0.05), while the effect of moderate and high forest fire disturbance intensity on the carbon density of eucalyptus forest was significant (P < 0.05).","PeriodicalId":54313,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Sustainable Forestry","volume":"130 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2022-03-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88787755","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-03-16DOI: 10.1080/10549811.2022.2052103
Elif Saritaş, M. Türker
ABSTRACT Pine nuts from stone pine are important non-wood forest products produced in Turkey. Thus, cooperative organizations engaged in the production and marketing of pine nuts play an important role in the development of forest villages in Turkey. This study reports and evaluates the effect of Kozak Subdistrict Agricultural Development Cooperative on economic development of the township. In this regard, a survey was conducted with 190 participants, and data were evaluated statistically. After villagers participated in this cooperative, forest villagers’ income from pine nuts increased and constituted 59.8% of total household income. Although the cooperative has no effect on the animal production of forest villagers, it has positive effects on migration, income level, agricultural production, land used for pine nut cultivation, fuel use and standards of living. Therefore, the number of cooperatives utilizing non-wood forest products should be increased, and efforts should be made to conserve non-wood forest products to increase their added value and sustainable use in the future.
{"title":"The Effect of Cooperatives Producing Non-Wood Forest Products on Rural Development: The Example of Kozak Subdistrict Agricultural Development Cooperative in Turkey","authors":"Elif Saritaş, M. Türker","doi":"10.1080/10549811.2022.2052103","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10549811.2022.2052103","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Pine nuts from stone pine are important non-wood forest products produced in Turkey. Thus, cooperative organizations engaged in the production and marketing of pine nuts play an important role in the development of forest villages in Turkey. This study reports and evaluates the effect of Kozak Subdistrict Agricultural Development Cooperative on economic development of the township. In this regard, a survey was conducted with 190 participants, and data were evaluated statistically. After villagers participated in this cooperative, forest villagers’ income from pine nuts increased and constituted 59.8% of total household income. Although the cooperative has no effect on the animal production of forest villagers, it has positive effects on migration, income level, agricultural production, land used for pine nut cultivation, fuel use and standards of living. Therefore, the number of cooperatives utilizing non-wood forest products should be increased, and efforts should be made to conserve non-wood forest products to increase their added value and sustainable use in the future.","PeriodicalId":54313,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Sustainable Forestry","volume":"42 1","pages":"573 - 589"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2022-03-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44945902","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-03-16DOI: 10.1080/10549811.2022.2045508
Ravita, Sunita Rawat, H. Ginwal, S. Barthwal
ABSTRACT The salinity of the soil affects crop productivity. Approximately 20% of the total cropland and 33% of irrigated agricultural areas are salinized worldwide. Therefore, saline barren areas require plants that are tolerant of high saline levels. The objective of the current study is to investigate Eucalyptus clones that can thrive in high saline conditions. To achieve this goal, fifty Eucalyptus clones (E. camaldulensis, E. tereticornis) were irrigated with saline water (120 mM NaCl and 50 mM Na2SO4, electrical conductivity ≥20 dS ) for 3 months. To screen salt-tolerant clones, physiological, biochemical, and growth responses of clones were measured. The best performing clones under salt stress were chosen using Grey Relational Analysis (GRA), a Multiple Attribute Decision-Making (MADM) model, which is a novel approach to deal with this kind of screening study. As a result, the rank of (tolerant, moderate, and susceptible) clones was calculated, based on Grey Relational Grade (GRG). The value of GRG was based on the physio-morphological and biochemical responses of clones, indicating their greater ability to withstand saline stress. Results of this study suggest some salt-tolerant clones for the utilization of salt-affected locations to grow Eucalyptus plants, which may help to increase forest sustainability.
{"title":"Screening of Salt Tolerant Eucalyptus Clones Based on Physio-Morphological and Biochemical Responses Using Grey Relational Analysis","authors":"Ravita, Sunita Rawat, H. Ginwal, S. Barthwal","doi":"10.1080/10549811.2022.2045508","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10549811.2022.2045508","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT The salinity of the soil affects crop productivity. Approximately 20% of the total cropland and 33% of irrigated agricultural areas are salinized worldwide. Therefore, saline barren areas require plants that are tolerant of high saline levels. The objective of the current study is to investigate Eucalyptus clones that can thrive in high saline conditions. To achieve this goal, fifty Eucalyptus clones (E. camaldulensis, E. tereticornis) were irrigated with saline water (120 mM NaCl and 50 mM Na2SO4, electrical conductivity ≥20 dS ) for 3 months. To screen salt-tolerant clones, physiological, biochemical, and growth responses of clones were measured. The best performing clones under salt stress were chosen using Grey Relational Analysis (GRA), a Multiple Attribute Decision-Making (MADM) model, which is a novel approach to deal with this kind of screening study. As a result, the rank of (tolerant, moderate, and susceptible) clones was calculated, based on Grey Relational Grade (GRG). The value of GRG was based on the physio-morphological and biochemical responses of clones, indicating their greater ability to withstand saline stress. Results of this study suggest some salt-tolerant clones for the utilization of salt-affected locations to grow Eucalyptus plants, which may help to increase forest sustainability.","PeriodicalId":54313,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Sustainable Forestry","volume":"42 1","pages":"533 - 551"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2022-03-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42365534","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-03-15DOI: 10.1080/10549811.2022.2052104
Mulugeta Betemariyam, Tamiru Kefalew, M. Tolera
ABSTRACT Gura-Ferda forest is part of the moist evergreen Afromontane forest in southwestern Ethiopia. Despite the fact that large sections of this forest have become increasingly disturbed and fragmented since 1984, there is no scientific data on the dynamics of woody species diversity and forest carbon pools. As a result, the research was carried out to assess and compare the diversity of woody species and carbon stock along natural forest to farmland conversion gradient. Data were collected from natural forest, forest-farm interface, and farmland that were previously forest land. For the inventory of woody species, 90 nested plots (20 m*20 m for natural forest and forest-farm interface; 50 m*100 m for farmland) were established. To collect litter and soil samples, three 1 m*1 m subplots were established. Shannon-Wiener diversity index is significantly higher (p < .05) in natural forests (H’ = 2.72 ± 0.31) than in forest-farm interface (H’ = 1.42 ± 0.49) and farmland (H’ = 1.08 ± 0.57). Natural forest total carbon stocks were approximately 1.55 and 2.64 times higher than forest-farm interface and farmland, respectively. This study revealed that there was a substantial reduction in species diversity and carbon stocks along the conversion gradient of natural forest to farmland. The Natural Resource Management sector of the district should use management approaches to reduce the pressure on natural forest, which has resulted in a substantial decrease in species richness and carbon stocks along the natural forest to farmland conversion gradient.
{"title":"Comparison of Woody Species Diversity and Carbon Stock along Natural Forest to Farmland Conversion Gradient in the Gura-Ferda District of Southwestern Ethiopia","authors":"Mulugeta Betemariyam, Tamiru Kefalew, M. Tolera","doi":"10.1080/10549811.2022.2052104","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10549811.2022.2052104","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Gura-Ferda forest is part of the moist evergreen Afromontane forest in southwestern Ethiopia. Despite the fact that large sections of this forest have become increasingly disturbed and fragmented since 1984, there is no scientific data on the dynamics of woody species diversity and forest carbon pools. As a result, the research was carried out to assess and compare the diversity of woody species and carbon stock along natural forest to farmland conversion gradient. Data were collected from natural forest, forest-farm interface, and farmland that were previously forest land. For the inventory of woody species, 90 nested plots (20 m*20 m for natural forest and forest-farm interface; 50 m*100 m for farmland) were established. To collect litter and soil samples, three 1 m*1 m subplots were established. Shannon-Wiener diversity index is significantly higher (p < .05) in natural forests (H’ = 2.72 ± 0.31) than in forest-farm interface (H’ = 1.42 ± 0.49) and farmland (H’ = 1.08 ± 0.57). Natural forest total carbon stocks were approximately 1.55 and 2.64 times higher than forest-farm interface and farmland, respectively. This study revealed that there was a substantial reduction in species diversity and carbon stocks along the conversion gradient of natural forest to farmland. The Natural Resource Management sector of the district should use management approaches to reduce the pressure on natural forest, which has resulted in a substantial decrease in species richness and carbon stocks along the natural forest to farmland conversion gradient.","PeriodicalId":54313,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Sustainable Forestry","volume":"42 1","pages":"590 - 606"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2022-03-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47470127","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-03-15DOI: 10.1080/10549811.2022.2050762
Xin Yang, Zhi Du, W. Zeng, Jing-hui Meng
ABSTRACT Based on the data provided by the 6th (1998), 7th (2003), and 8th (2008) National Forest Inventory (NFI) in Hainan Province, southern China, we developed an individual-tree diameter increment model considering tree-size diversity, tree density reduction, and climate for Casuarina equisetifolia. Since the data was longitudinal and had a nested structure, we used a linear mixed-effects approach to construct the mixed-effects model based on sample plot effects. And we applied the method of 10-fold cross-validation to test the basic model without random effects and final mixed-effects model. The results indicate that natural logarithm of initial DBH (logDBH), sum of basal area of trees larger than objective tree (BAL), soil thickness (ST), Gini coefficient of DBH diversity for residual trees (GCres), and mean coolest month temperature (MCMT) had significant impact on the individual-tree diameter increment for Casuarina equisetifolia. Comparing with basic model, the final mixed-effects model performance was greatly improved. In the model validation, the mixed-effects model also showed a better fitting goodness. The individual-tree diameter increment models of Casuarina equisetifolia developed in this study will provide a good basis for estimating and predicting growth of Casuarina equisetifolia forests over larger areas.
{"title":"Development of Mixed-Effects Individual-Tree Diameter Increment Model for Casuarina Equisetifolia Considering the Effects of Tree-Size Diversity, Tree Density Reduction, and Climate","authors":"Xin Yang, Zhi Du, W. Zeng, Jing-hui Meng","doi":"10.1080/10549811.2022.2050762","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10549811.2022.2050762","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Based on the data provided by the 6th (1998), 7th (2003), and 8th (2008) National Forest Inventory (NFI) in Hainan Province, southern China, we developed an individual-tree diameter increment model considering tree-size diversity, tree density reduction, and climate for Casuarina equisetifolia. Since the data was longitudinal and had a nested structure, we used a linear mixed-effects approach to construct the mixed-effects model based on sample plot effects. And we applied the method of 10-fold cross-validation to test the basic model without random effects and final mixed-effects model. The results indicate that natural logarithm of initial DBH (logDBH), sum of basal area of trees larger than objective tree (BAL), soil thickness (ST), Gini coefficient of DBH diversity for residual trees (GCres), and mean coolest month temperature (MCMT) had significant impact on the individual-tree diameter increment for Casuarina equisetifolia. Comparing with basic model, the final mixed-effects model performance was greatly improved. In the model validation, the mixed-effects model also showed a better fitting goodness. The individual-tree diameter increment models of Casuarina equisetifolia developed in this study will provide a good basis for estimating and predicting growth of Casuarina equisetifolia forests over larger areas.","PeriodicalId":54313,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Sustainable Forestry","volume":"42 1","pages":"553 - 572"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2022-03-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45583370","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-03-06DOI: 10.1080/10549811.2022.2042823
David E. Dávila-Molina, C. Sáenz-Romero, O. Aguirre-Calderón, Leonel López-Toledo
ABSTRACT Sectional equations and mathematical volume models are a reliable way to estimate carbon sequestration and storage, which is a key foundation for forest management and conservation. The objective of this study was to assess stem volume and form factor through the classical sectional method to then, using five regression models commonly used for forest management, identify the most suitable mathematical model to estimate the stem volume in a commercial forest plantation (CFP) of Pinus pseudostrobus Lindley in the Comunidad Indígena de Nuevo San Juan Parangaricutiro, Michoacán, in Western Mexico. By using 10, 15 and 20 yr.-old sampling points and two sampling methods (destructive and nondestructive), we found a form factor 0.42, 0.48 and 0.51 and stem volume of 0.098 m3, 0.400 m3 and 0.804 m3 for the three ages assessed, which presented diameter classes (DC), from 10 to 45 cm. The mathematical models identified that age of plantation determines stem volume and form factor, and the models that best fit volume estimation were the Schumacher-Hall model and the Australian model with an R2 adj range between 0.89 and 0.99. Estimation of stem volume is of vital importance to assess the income generated by the timber industry, and relevant for forest conservation, management, and carbon sequestration studies.
{"title":"Age Contributes to Volume Estimation and Form Factor of Pinus Pseudostrobus Lindley in Commercial Forest Plantations from Western Mexico","authors":"David E. Dávila-Molina, C. Sáenz-Romero, O. Aguirre-Calderón, Leonel López-Toledo","doi":"10.1080/10549811.2022.2042823","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10549811.2022.2042823","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Sectional equations and mathematical volume models are a reliable way to estimate carbon sequestration and storage, which is a key foundation for forest management and conservation. The objective of this study was to assess stem volume and form factor through the classical sectional method to then, using five regression models commonly used for forest management, identify the most suitable mathematical model to estimate the stem volume in a commercial forest plantation (CFP) of Pinus pseudostrobus Lindley in the Comunidad Indígena de Nuevo San Juan Parangaricutiro, Michoacán, in Western Mexico. By using 10, 15 and 20 yr.-old sampling points and two sampling methods (destructive and nondestructive), we found a form factor 0.42, 0.48 and 0.51 and stem volume of 0.098 m3, 0.400 m3 and 0.804 m3 for the three ages assessed, which presented diameter classes (DC), from 10 to 45 cm. The mathematical models identified that age of plantation determines stem volume and form factor, and the models that best fit volume estimation were the Schumacher-Hall model and the Australian model with an R2 adj range between 0.89 and 0.99. Estimation of stem volume is of vital importance to assess the income generated by the timber industry, and relevant for forest conservation, management, and carbon sequestration studies.","PeriodicalId":54313,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Sustainable Forestry","volume":"42 1","pages":"336 - 351"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2022-03-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44958838","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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