A novel and low profile, planar, rectangular cavity-backed self-diplexing substrate integrated waveguide (SIW) antenna with H-shaped slot for dual-band wireless services was designed and demonstrated. The proposed antenna structure radiates from H-shaped slot, which is etched on top of the SIW rectangular cavity, and is excited by two separate 50 Ω microstrip feed lines. The H-shaped slot is a combination of two vertical slots and one horizontal slot; because of that the presented antenna radiates at two distinct frequency bands around 8.95 GHz and 10 GHz, simultaneously. The design methodology results show that the H-shaped slot is significantly more effective than various other slots in the proposed geometry to suppress the unwanted harmonics, attaining good impedance matching and bandwidths and achieving better isolation between these two ports. Hence, the complete design mechanism helped to achieve self-diplexing characteristics. Furthermore, a self-diplexing H-shaped SIW rectangular cavity-backed antenna was fabricated and characterized for the complete demonstration purpose and found good covenants between the simulated one. Measured results show that the presented designed has impedance bandwidths for the lower and upper frequency bands of around 2.0% (8.89–9.03 GHz) and 3.1% (10.01–10.32 GHz), respectively, and obtained maximum measured gain of 5.11 dBi and 5.41 dBi at 8.95 GHz and 10.15 GHz, respectively. The proposed self-diplexing SIW rectangular cavity-backed structure shows that front-to-back ratios (FTBRs) are more than 21 dB, and on the other side, it provides good isolation between the two ports, which is more than 20 dB.
{"title":"Design and Implementation of Novel H-Shaped Self-Diplexing SIW Rectangular Cavity-Backed Antenna with Harmonic Suppression for Terrestrial Communications","authors":"Ravindiran Asaithambi, Rajkishor Kumar","doi":"10.1155/2024/6618202","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2024/6618202","url":null,"abstract":"A novel and low profile, planar, rectangular cavity-backed self-diplexing substrate integrated waveguide (SIW) antenna with <i>H</i>-shaped slot for dual-band wireless services was designed and demonstrated. The proposed antenna structure radiates from <i>H</i>-shaped slot, which is etched on top of the SIW rectangular cavity, and is excited by two separate 50 Ω microstrip feed lines. The <i>H</i>-shaped slot is a combination of two vertical slots and one horizontal slot; because of that the presented antenna radiates at two distinct frequency bands around 8.95 GHz and 10 GHz, simultaneously. The design methodology results show that the <i>H</i>-shaped slot is significantly more effective than various other slots in the proposed geometry to suppress the unwanted harmonics, attaining good impedance matching and bandwidths and achieving better isolation between these two ports. Hence, the complete design mechanism helped to achieve self-diplexing characteristics. Furthermore, a self-diplexing <i>H</i>-shaped SIW rectangular cavity-backed antenna was fabricated and characterized for the complete demonstration purpose and found good covenants between the simulated one. Measured results show that the presented designed has impedance bandwidths for the lower and upper frequency bands of around 2.0% (8.89–9.03 GHz) and 3.1% (10.01–10.32 GHz), respectively, and obtained maximum measured gain of 5.11 dBi and 5.41 dBi at 8.95 GHz and 10.15 GHz, respectively. The proposed self-diplexing SIW rectangular cavity-backed structure shows that front-to-back ratios (FTBRs) are more than 21 dB, and on the other side, it provides good isolation between the two ports, which is more than 20 dB.","PeriodicalId":54392,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Antennas and Propagation","volume":"59 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2024-02-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139663589","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Jinxin Du, Ruimeng Wang, Haiyan Li, Xue-Xia Yang, Christophe Roblin
A novel low-profile all-textile microstrip antenna for ultra-wideband (UWB) applications in wireless body area networks (WBANs) is presented. The antenna incorporates flexible materials such as felt and conductive fabrics which provide optimal wearing comfort and durability. The use of a single dielectric substrate layer facilitates the integration process. The antenna also features a full background plane that minimizes the back radiation towards the human body. Multiple branches are designed in a compact area to generate adjacent resonances, and their combination achieves broadband characteristics across the 4.83–9.57 GHz frequency band. The antenna has a miniaturized size of 60 mm × 60 mm, which is 1.6 × 1.6 (where represents the guided wavelength at the center frequency), and it has a high realized gain of up to 10 dBi. The fully grounded structure also ensures good isolation between the antenna and the human body, thereby alleviating concerns regarding safety and radiation degradation in WBAN context. Simulation results indicate that the antenna maintains high performance levels during various bending tests. Given its favourable properties like ultra-wide bandwidth, compact size, low profile, high flexibility, and low specific absorption rate (SAR), the proposed design could find broad application prospects in high-speed WBAN systems.
{"title":"All-Textile Compact Ultra-Wideband Microstrip Antenna with Full Ground Plane for WBAN Applications","authors":"Jinxin Du, Ruimeng Wang, Haiyan Li, Xue-Xia Yang, Christophe Roblin","doi":"10.1155/2024/4236695","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2024/4236695","url":null,"abstract":"A novel low-profile all-textile microstrip antenna for ultra-wideband (UWB) applications in wireless body area networks (WBANs) is presented. The antenna incorporates flexible materials such as felt and conductive fabrics which provide optimal wearing comfort and durability. The use of a single dielectric substrate layer facilitates the integration process. The antenna also features a full background plane that minimizes the back radiation towards the human body. Multiple branches are designed in a compact area to generate adjacent resonances, and their combination achieves broadband characteristics across the 4.83–9.57 GHz frequency band. The antenna has a miniaturized size of 60 mm × 60 mm, which is 1.6<svg height=\"14.8173pt\" style=\"vertical-align:-5.52897pt\" version=\"1.1\" viewbox=\"-0.0498162 -9.28833 13.6674 14.8173\" width=\"13.6674pt\" xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" xmlns:xlink=\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\"><g transform=\"matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,0,0)\"></path></g><g transform=\"matrix(.0091,0,0,-0.0091,7.761,3.132)\"></path></g></svg> × 1.6<svg height=\"14.8173pt\" style=\"vertical-align:-5.52897pt\" version=\"1.1\" viewbox=\"-0.0498162 -9.28833 13.6674 14.8173\" width=\"13.6674pt\" xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" xmlns:xlink=\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\"><g transform=\"matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,0,0)\"><use xlink:href=\"#g113-233\"></use></g><g transform=\"matrix(.0091,0,0,-0.0091,7.761,3.132)\"><use xlink:href=\"#g50-104\"></use></g></svg> (where <svg height=\"14.8173pt\" style=\"vertical-align:-5.52897pt\" version=\"1.1\" viewbox=\"-0.0498162 -9.28833 13.6674 14.8173\" width=\"13.6674pt\" xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" xmlns:xlink=\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\"><g transform=\"matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,0,0)\"><use xlink:href=\"#g113-233\"></use></g><g transform=\"matrix(.0091,0,0,-0.0091,7.761,3.132)\"><use xlink:href=\"#g50-104\"></use></g></svg> represents the guided wavelength at the center frequency), and it has a high realized gain of up to 10 dBi. The fully grounded structure also ensures good isolation between the antenna and the human body, thereby alleviating concerns regarding safety and radiation degradation in WBAN context. Simulation results indicate that the antenna maintains high performance levels during various bending tests. Given its favourable properties like ultra-wide bandwidth, compact size, low profile, high flexibility, and low specific absorption rate (SAR), the proposed design could find broad application prospects in high-speed WBAN systems.","PeriodicalId":54392,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Antennas and Propagation","volume":"7 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2024-01-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139583248","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Seyed Pouya Shojaei, Hossein Soleimani, Mohammad Soleimani
Beamforming is a technique commonly used in wireless communication systems to enhance the signal quality of a receiver. In this study, we compare the performance of an encoder-based beamformer with convolutional neural network (CNN) and minimum variance distortionless response (MVDR) approaches in terms of signal-to-interference-plus-noise ratio (SINR). Our results show that the encoder-based approach achieved an average SINR of 25.82 dB, while the CNN approach achieved an average SINR of 22.40 dB and the MVDR approach achieved an average SINR of 17.64 dB. The performance of the encoder-based approach was found to be superior to that of the CNN approach but much superior to that of the MVDR approach. The encoder-based approach outperformed the CNN approach by 3.42 dB and MVDR approach by 8.18 dB on average. In addition, the unique contribution of our encoder-based approach is presenting a new perspective on beamforming in mmWave communication. We further discuss its potential impact on addressing challenges related to LEO satellite systems.
波束成形是无线通信系统中常用的一种技术，用于提高接收器的信号质量。在本研究中，我们比较了基于编码器的波束成形器与卷积神经网络（CNN）和最小方差无失真响应（MVDR）方法在信号干扰加噪声比（SINR）方面的性能。结果表明，基于编码器的方法实现了 25.82 dB 的平均 SINR，而 CNN 方法实现了 22.40 dB 的平均 SINR，MVDR 方法实现了 17.64 dB 的平均 SINR。基于编码器的方法的性能优于 CNN 方法，但远远优于 MVDR 方法。基于编码器的方法比 CNN 方法平均高出 3.42 dB，比 MVDR 方法平均高出 8.18 dB。此外，我们基于编码器的方法的独特贡献在于提出了毫米波通信波束成形的新视角。我们还进一步讨论了它对解决低地轨道卫星系统相关挑战的潜在影响。
{"title":"Supervised AutoEncoder-Based Beamforming Approach for Satellite mmWave Communication","authors":"Seyed Pouya Shojaei, Hossein Soleimani, Mohammad Soleimani","doi":"10.1155/2024/6750409","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2024/6750409","url":null,"abstract":"Beamforming is a technique commonly used in wireless communication systems to enhance the signal quality of a receiver. In this study, we compare the performance of an encoder-based beamformer with convolutional neural network (CNN) and minimum variance distortionless response (MVDR) approaches in terms of signal-to-interference-plus-noise ratio (SINR). Our results show that the encoder-based approach achieved an average SINR of 25.82 dB, while the CNN approach achieved an average SINR of 22.40 dB and the MVDR approach achieved an average SINR of 17.64 dB. The performance of the encoder-based approach was found to be superior to that of the CNN approach but much superior to that of the MVDR approach. The encoder-based approach outperformed the CNN approach by 3.42 dB and MVDR approach by 8.18 dB on average. In addition, the unique contribution of our encoder-based approach is presenting a new perspective on beamforming in mmWave communication. We further discuss its potential impact on addressing challenges related to LEO satellite systems.","PeriodicalId":54392,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Antennas and Propagation","volume":"22 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2024-01-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139514948","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Zhongyu Liu, Qi Yao, Quanqing Li, Lixin Guo, Shuo Hu
The maritime environment is complex and changeable, and an accurate maritime wireless channel model is particularly difficult to establish. This study investigates the sensitivity of a three-dimensional (3D) maritime ray tracing (RT) model for the use of the geometrical optics in radio channel characterizations of maritime environments. The channel measurement experiments are mainly carried out at three frequency points of 1.5, 1.8, and 2.5 GHz, and the simulation results of the model are compared and corrected with the measured received power. Analysis shows that the modified model simulation results at 1.5, 1.8, and 2.5 GHz frequency points are in good agreement with the actual measurement, and the RMS is within 7 dB. Moreover, the reverse RT algorithm has the advantages of fast calculation speed and high efficiency. The effects of the different sea conditions, frequencies, and distances on the propagation of electromagnetic waves are analyzed on the basis of this model.
{"title":"Wireless Channel Model Based on Ray Tracing Algorithm in the Sea Environment","authors":"Zhongyu Liu, Qi Yao, Quanqing Li, Lixin Guo, Shuo Hu","doi":"10.1155/2024/3080895","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2024/3080895","url":null,"abstract":"The maritime environment is complex and changeable, and an accurate maritime wireless channel model is particularly difficult to establish. This study investigates the sensitivity of a three-dimensional (3D) maritime ray tracing (RT) model for the use of the geometrical optics in radio channel characterizations of maritime environments. The channel measurement experiments are mainly carried out at three frequency points of 1.5, 1.8, and 2.5 GHz, and the simulation results of the model are compared and corrected with the measured received power. Analysis shows that the modified model simulation results at 1.5, 1.8, and 2.5 GHz frequency points are in good agreement with the actual measurement, and the RMS is within 7 dB. Moreover, the reverse RT algorithm has the advantages of fast calculation speed and high efficiency. The effects of the different sea conditions, frequencies, and distances on the propagation of electromagnetic waves are analyzed on the basis of this model.","PeriodicalId":54392,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Antennas and Propagation","volume":"13 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2024-01-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139506514","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
In this article, the inverse diffraction parabolic equation (IDPE) model based on the finite difference method is proposed, which is first applied in the multiple nonradiation targets orientation technology. In principle, the electromagnetic signal propagating in the transmission path will produce a reflected signal back to the source end while encountering the discontinuous objects. The distribution of the reflection or refraction intensity is directly associated with the distances and heights of the objects, so the location can be determined by means of analyzing the distribution. Here, according to the profile data of field intensity at the source end, the distribution of backward propagating electromagnetic waves are calculated rapidly by the IDPE. Then, the local extreme searching method is applied to search the coordinate of the convergence point of field intensity and the positions of multiple objects are finally determined. The piecewise linear function is used to model the irregular terrain. The influence of discontinuous terrain slopes on the false alarm probability of objects localization is also analyzed. The results show that the localization accuracy of the IDPE algorithm is affected by multiple factors, such as the radio frequency and sampling interval of field intensity. It is proved that the IDPE is a novel and efficient algorithm for multiple nonradiation targets orientation technology in long-range complicated terrain environment.
{"title":"Multitargets Orientation Technique Based on Reflection Characteristic Analysis Using an Inverse Diffraction Parabolic Equation","authors":"Qi Guo, Daozong Sun, Zhen Li, Shilei Lyu, Xiuyun Xue","doi":"10.1155/2024/5846526","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2024/5846526","url":null,"abstract":"In this article, the inverse diffraction parabolic equation (IDPE) model based on the finite difference method is proposed, which is first applied in the multiple nonradiation targets orientation technology. In principle, the electromagnetic signal propagating in the transmission path will produce a reflected signal back to the source end while encountering the discontinuous objects. The distribution of the reflection or refraction intensity is directly associated with the distances and heights of the objects, so the location can be determined by means of analyzing the distribution. Here, according to the profile data of field intensity at the source end, the distribution of backward propagating electromagnetic waves are calculated rapidly by the IDPE. Then, the local extreme searching method is applied to search the coordinate of the convergence point of field intensity and the positions of multiple objects are finally determined. The piecewise linear function is used to model the irregular terrain. The influence of discontinuous terrain slopes on the false alarm probability of objects localization is also analyzed. The results show that the localization accuracy of the IDPE algorithm is affected by multiple factors, such as the radio frequency and sampling interval of field intensity. It is proved that the IDPE is a novel and efficient algorithm for multiple nonradiation targets orientation technology in long-range complicated terrain environment.","PeriodicalId":54392,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Antennas and Propagation","volume":"130 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2024-01-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139103252","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Ndanga Adamou Eric, Eke Samuel, Matanga Jacques, Doka Yamigno Serge, Nicolas Corrao, Tan Phu Vuong
The main challenge in manufacturing antennas in the sub-THz band is their small size, which requires adapted manufacturing tools. This paper proposes a uniform linear 3 × 1 traveling-wave antenna array (ULTWAA) for millimetre applications in the sub-THz band. The designed array allows a continuous beam orientation of ±46.1° in the E-plane. A small quarter-wave line added to the ends of the antenna allows the beam to be oriented towards the inside of the antenna, cancelling out surface waves and adapting the impedance to the scanning angle. Thanks to this device, the waves produced are progressive. The antenna manufactured at 100 GHz measures 13 × 9.7 × 0.125 mm. The measured peak gain is 14.2 dBi with 70% bandwidth. For in-phase radiation, the distances between the antenna units have been adjusted, but the adjustment process is tedious due to the interdependence between the antenna units.
{"title":"Design and Characterization of a Traveling-Wave Antenna for Millimeter Applications in the Sub-THz Band","authors":"Ndanga Adamou Eric, Eke Samuel, Matanga Jacques, Doka Yamigno Serge, Nicolas Corrao, Tan Phu Vuong","doi":"10.1155/2023/5201018","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2023/5201018","url":null,"abstract":"The main challenge in manufacturing antennas in the sub-THz band is their small size, which requires adapted manufacturing tools. This paper proposes a uniform linear 3 × 1 traveling-wave antenna array (ULTWAA) for millimetre applications in the sub-THz band. The designed array allows a continuous beam orientation of ±46.1° in the E-plane. A small quarter-wave line added to the ends of the antenna allows the beam to be oriented towards the inside of the antenna, cancelling out surface waves and adapting the impedance to the scanning angle. Thanks to this device, the waves produced are progressive. The antenna manufactured at 100 GHz measures 13 × 9.7 × 0.125 mm. The measured peak gain is 14.2 dBi with 70% bandwidth. For in-phase radiation, the distances between the antenna units have been adjusted, but the adjustment process is tedious due to the interdependence between the antenna units.","PeriodicalId":54392,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Antennas and Propagation","volume":"77 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2023-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139067946","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A low-profile wide-scanning conformal phased array (CPA), with cavity-backed stacked patch elements, is presented in this paper. To reduce the array profile, a partially dielectric-filled cavity is employed in each element, and to enhance its scanning performance, the cavity walls are deliberately modified. Finally, the designed element operates in a frequency band of 1.45∼1.75 GHz, with a profile of 0.086 ( is the free-space wavelength at 1.75 GHz), and achieves ±60° scanning in the E/H-planes, with the reflection coefficient below −7 dB. The proposed design method and all numerical results are experimentally verified by a 4 × 4 CPA prototype.
{"title":"A Conformal Phased Array with Low Profile and Wide-Scanning Performance for SAR Application","authors":"Runzhi Tang, Senlin Lu, Shiwei Qu, Shiwen Yang","doi":"10.1155/2023/2788309","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2023/2788309","url":null,"abstract":"A low-profile wide-scanning conformal phased array (CPA), with cavity-backed stacked patch elements, is presented in this paper. To reduce the array profile, a partially dielectric-filled cavity is employed in each element, and to enhance its scanning performance, the cavity walls are deliberately modified. Finally, the designed element operates in a frequency band of 1.45∼1.75 GHz, with a profile of 0.086 <svg height=\"12.5794pt\" style=\"vertical-align:-3.29107pt\" version=\"1.1\" viewbox=\"-0.0498162 -9.28833 13.2015 12.5794\" width=\"13.2015pt\" xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" xmlns:xlink=\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\"><g transform=\"matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,0,0)\"></path></g><g transform=\"matrix(.0091,0,0,-0.0091,7.761,3.132)\"></path></g></svg> (<svg height=\"12.5794pt\" style=\"vertical-align:-3.29107pt\" version=\"1.1\" viewbox=\"-0.0498162 -9.28833 13.2015 12.5794\" width=\"13.2015pt\" xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" xmlns:xlink=\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\"><g transform=\"matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,0,0)\"><use xlink:href=\"#g113-233\"></use></g><g transform=\"matrix(.0091,0,0,-0.0091,7.761,3.132)\"><use xlink:href=\"#g50-105\"></use></g></svg> is the free-space wavelength at 1.75 GHz), and achieves ±60° scanning in the <i>E/H</i>-planes, with the reflection coefficient below −7 dB. The proposed design method and all numerical results are experimentally verified by a 4 × 4 CPA prototype.","PeriodicalId":54392,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Antennas and Propagation","volume":"205 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2023-12-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139053309","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This paper proposes an integrated decoupling method that improves the flexibility of multiport, multiband antenna design and simplifies the antenna structure. First, a dual-band L-type MIMO antenna with center frequencies of 2.6 GHz and 5.6 GHz is created using the neutralization-line decoupling method and then a dual-band L-type MIMO antenna covering the WiFi spectrum (2.3–2.5 GHz and 4.6–5.6 GHz) is created using the type-T branch decoupling technique. After demonstrating the efficacy of neutralization-line and T-branch decoupling technology for L-type antennas, a four-port L-type MIMO antenna covering 4.4–4.9 GHz, 5.4–6.1 GHz, and 7.0–7.4 GHz is proposed by combining the methods of neutralization-line decoupling, T-branch decoupling, and defected ground structure decoupling. This antenna’s isolation is higher than 20 dB with ECC less than 0.04.
本文提出了一种集成去耦方法，提高了多端口、多频带天线设计的灵活性，简化了天线结构。首先，利用中和线去耦方法创建了中心频率为 2.6 GHz 和 5.6 GHz 的双频 L 型 MIMO 天线，然后利用 T 型分支去耦技术创建了覆盖 WiFi 频谱（2.3-2.5 GHz 和 4.6-5.6 GHz）的双频 L 型 MIMO 天线。在证明了中和线和 T 型分支去耦技术在 L 型天线上的功效后，结合中和线去耦、T 型分支去耦和缺陷接地结构去耦的方法，提出了一种覆盖 4.4-4.9 GHz、5.4-6.1 GHz 和 7.0-7.4 GHz 的四端口 L 型 MIMO 天线。该天线的隔离度高于 20 dB，ECC 小于 0.04。
{"title":"Triple-Band MIMO Antenna with Integrated Decoupling Technology","authors":"Ruihua Ma, He Huang, Xiaoping Li, Xuelei Wang","doi":"10.1155/2023/6691346","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2023/6691346","url":null,"abstract":"This paper proposes an integrated decoupling method that improves the flexibility of multiport, multiband antenna design and simplifies the antenna structure. First, a dual-band L-type MIMO antenna with center frequencies of 2.6 GHz and 5.6 GHz is created using the neutralization-line decoupling method and then a dual-band L-type MIMO antenna covering the WiFi spectrum (2.3–2.5 GHz and 4.6–5.6 GHz) is created using the type-T branch decoupling technique. After demonstrating the efficacy of neutralization-line and T-branch decoupling technology for L-type antennas, a four-port L-type MIMO antenna covering 4.4–4.9 GHz, 5.4–6.1 GHz, and 7.0–7.4 GHz is proposed by combining the methods of neutralization-line decoupling, T-branch decoupling, and defected ground structure decoupling. This antenna’s isolation is higher than 20 dB with ECC less than 0.04.","PeriodicalId":54392,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Antennas and Propagation","volume":"71 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2023-12-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139053223","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Shiqi Zong, Chaoqun Jiao, Jiangong Zhang, Zhibin Zhao, Zheyuan Gan
Electromagnetic scattering from UHV transmission towers is a major factor affecting the safety and stability of the surrounding antenna signal system. In this paper, the electromagnetic scattering effect of ±800 kV UHV DC transmission tower on the medium-wave antenna is investigated based on the characteristic mode theory (CMT). The simulation model of the tower and antenna is established, and the mode selection is carried out according to the percentage of the contribution of the characteristic mode to the total electromagnetic scattering. The effects of electromagnetic scattering under three conditions, namely, the number of towers, the distance between towers and antennas, and different frequencies, are investigated separately. The simulation results show that as the number of towers increases from 1 to 3, it leads to an increase in the electromagnetic scattering impact by about 49.5%. The shape distortion of the antenna’s directional map becomes more pronounced and is accompanied by the extension with the direction of the power line. The distance between the tower and the antenna is shortened from 500 m to 125 m, resulting in the growth of the influence of electromagnetic scattering by about 36.4%, and the directional gain of the antenna increases along the direction of the transmission line. As the frequency increases from 600 kHz to 1400 kHz, it leads to the rise of electromagnetic scattering effect of about 32.7% and the antenna directional map becomes more complicated. The research results will provide technical support for developing protective measures against electromagnetic scattering from UHV DC transmission towers to medium-wave antennas.
{"title":"Research on Electromagnetic Scattering Influence of Transmission Towers on Medium Wave Antenna Based on the Characteristic Mode Theory","authors":"Shiqi Zong, Chaoqun Jiao, Jiangong Zhang, Zhibin Zhao, Zheyuan Gan","doi":"10.1155/2023/4788443","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2023/4788443","url":null,"abstract":"Electromagnetic scattering from UHV transmission towers is a major factor affecting the safety and stability of the surrounding antenna signal system. In this paper, the electromagnetic scattering effect of ±800 kV UHV DC transmission tower on the medium-wave antenna is investigated based on the characteristic mode theory (CMT). The simulation model of the tower and antenna is established, and the mode selection is carried out according to the percentage of the contribution of the characteristic mode to the total electromagnetic scattering. The effects of electromagnetic scattering under three conditions, namely, the number of towers, the distance between towers and antennas, and different frequencies, are investigated separately. The simulation results show that as the number of towers increases from 1 to 3, it leads to an increase in the electromagnetic scattering impact by about 49.5%. The shape distortion of the antenna’s directional map becomes more pronounced and is accompanied by the extension with the direction of the power line. The distance between the tower and the antenna is shortened from 500 m to 125 m, resulting in the growth of the influence of electromagnetic scattering by about 36.4%, and the directional gain of the antenna increases along the direction of the transmission line. As the frequency increases from 600 kHz to 1400 kHz, it leads to the rise of electromagnetic scattering effect of about 32.7% and the antenna directional map becomes more complicated. The research results will provide technical support for developing protective measures against electromagnetic scattering from UHV DC transmission towers to medium-wave antennas.","PeriodicalId":54392,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Antennas and Propagation","volume":"70 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2023-12-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139052946","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The wearable ultra-wideband antenna that is appropriate for body area networks is designed and implemented in this article. Stepped circular radiation patches, microstrip feeders, and trapezoidal floors make up the majority of the antenna. Good bending qualities have been attained by using liquid crystal polymer, a flexible material, as a dielectric substrate. An antenna measuring 30 mm × 35 mm × 0.1 mm was designed with two C-shaped slots etched on it to achieve notch function in the 3.20–4.10 GHz and 5.19–5.98 GHz frequency bands. Its working frequency range was 1.96–11.61 GHz, and its specific absorption rate for the human body was less than 2 W/kg. The test findings demonstrate that ultra-wideband body area network systems can be implemented using the antenna impedance and radiation characteristics.
本文设计并实现了适用于体域网络的可穿戴式超宽带天线。阶梯圆形辐射贴片、微带馈线和梯形地板构成了天线的大部分。通过使用液晶聚合物（一种柔性材料）作为电介质基板，实现了良好的弯曲质量。设计的天线尺寸为 30 mm × 35 mm × 0.1 mm，上面刻有两个 C 形槽，可在 3.20-4.10 GHz 和 5.19-5.98 GHz 频段实现陷波功能。其工作频率范围为 1.96-11.61 GHz，对人体的比吸收率小于 2 W/kg。测试结果表明，利用天线阻抗和辐射特性可以实现超宽带体域网络系统。
{"title":"Liquid Crystal Polymer-Based Flexible Trap Ultra-Wideband Antenna Design","authors":"Xinwei Wang, Zhaoyang Xue, Qing Liang, Wei Xiong, Zhiyao Zhang","doi":"10.1155/2023/8872629","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2023/8872629","url":null,"abstract":"The wearable ultra-wideband antenna that is appropriate for body area networks is designed and implemented in this article. Stepped circular radiation patches, microstrip feeders, and trapezoidal floors make up the majority of the antenna. Good bending qualities have been attained by using liquid crystal polymer, a flexible material, as a dielectric substrate. An antenna measuring 30 mm × 35 mm × 0.1 mm was designed with two C-shaped slots etched on it to achieve notch function in the 3.20–4.10 GHz and 5.19–5.98 GHz frequency bands. Its working frequency range was 1.96–11.61 GHz, and its specific absorption rate for the human body was less than 2 W/kg. The test findings demonstrate that ultra-wideband body area network systems can be implemented using the antenna impedance and radiation characteristics.","PeriodicalId":54392,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Antennas and Propagation","volume":"2 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2023-12-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139053027","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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