Jing Yang, Chengcheng Liu, Jie Huang, Dapeng Liu, Ting Ding, Jian-dong Zhu, Xia Li
The azimuth, elevation, time delay (TD), and Doppler shift (DS) of the target echo signal are important parameters for target localization in passive radar. In this paper, for the problem of joint estimation of target azimuth, elevation, TD, and DS parameters in passive radar, a computationally efficient estimator is proposed based on segmented coherent integration and uniform circular array (UCA) interferometer direction finding. First, according to the parameters of the target motion and illuminators of opportunity, the reference and surveillance signals are divided into segments, with fast time within a segment and slow time across the segments; then, matching filtering along the fast time and fast Fourier transform (FFT) along the slow time are performed to accumulate the target echo energy to the same delay-Doppler cell; finally, the UCA interferometer two-dimensional direction finding is performed at the delay-Doppler cell where the target echo is located, to achieve the target azimuth and elevation estimate. Simulation results demonstrate that the proposed algorithm has low computational complexity, high real-time processing capability, and can achieve efficient and real-time estimation of the azimuth, elevation, TD, and DS parameters of weak target echoes in passive radar.
{"title":"A Computationally Efficient Estimator for the Target Angle, Delay, and Doppler Parameters in Passive Radar","authors":"Jing Yang, Chengcheng Liu, Jie Huang, Dapeng Liu, Ting Ding, Jian-dong Zhu, Xia Li","doi":"10.1155/2023/5551000","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2023/5551000","url":null,"abstract":"The azimuth, elevation, time delay (TD), and Doppler shift (DS) of the target echo signal are important parameters for target localization in passive radar. In this paper, for the problem of joint estimation of target azimuth, elevation, TD, and DS parameters in passive radar, a computationally efficient estimator is proposed based on segmented coherent integration and uniform circular array (UCA) interferometer direction finding. First, according to the parameters of the target motion and illuminators of opportunity, the reference and surveillance signals are divided into segments, with fast time within a segment and slow time across the segments; then, matching filtering along the fast time and fast Fourier transform (FFT) along the slow time are performed to accumulate the target echo energy to the same delay-Doppler cell; finally, the UCA interferometer two-dimensional direction finding is performed at the delay-Doppler cell where the target echo is located, to achieve the target azimuth and elevation estimate. Simulation results demonstrate that the proposed algorithm has low computational complexity, high real-time processing capability, and can achieve efficient and real-time estimation of the azimuth, elevation, TD, and DS parameters of weak target echoes in passive radar.","PeriodicalId":54392,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Antennas and Propagation","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2023-07-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46830203","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
In this paper, we propose a miniaturized 2.5-dimensional (2.5D) frequency selective surface (FSS) structure with high angular stability. A novel closed-loop FSS is formed by combining the Jerusalem cross (JC) structure with the conventional rectangular closed loop using vias. This approach further enhances the coupling performance of the FSS and thus achieves miniaturized design. The unit cell size of the proposed FSS is 0.019λ0 × 0.019λ0 at the resonant frequency, and the metal is printed on a dielectric substrate with a thickness of 0.003λ0. The proposed FSS has a resonant frequency of 850 MHz and exhibits band-stop characteristics. It is insensitive to the incident angle with a good operating performance in both the TE and TM wave modes. Therefore, it can be well used as an electromagnetic shield for the GSM 850 band. In order to facilitate the rapid analysis and design of the FSS, the equivalent circuit model is further analyzed and established, and values of the corresponding lumped components are derived. In addition, a prototype FSS is fabricated using printed circuit board technology and is tested in a microwave anechoic chamber. The full-wave analysis simulation, equivalent circuit model simulation, and practical measurement results reflect a high level of consistency.
{"title":"Design of Miniaturized FSS with High Angular Stability Utilizing a Novel Closed Loop","authors":"Wei Li, Fengshuo Zhang, Ying Suo, Zhe Jiang, Jinghui Qiu","doi":"10.1155/2023/8894404","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2023/8894404","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper, we propose a miniaturized 2.5-dimensional (2.5D) frequency selective surface (FSS) structure with high angular stability. A novel closed-loop FSS is formed by combining the Jerusalem cross (JC) structure with the conventional rectangular closed loop using vias. This approach further enhances the coupling performance of the FSS and thus achieves miniaturized design. The unit cell size of the proposed FSS is 0.019λ0 × 0.019λ0 at the resonant frequency, and the metal is printed on a dielectric substrate with a thickness of 0.003λ0. The proposed FSS has a resonant frequency of 850 MHz and exhibits band-stop characteristics. It is insensitive to the incident angle with a good operating performance in both the TE and TM wave modes. Therefore, it can be well used as an electromagnetic shield for the GSM 850 band. In order to facilitate the rapid analysis and design of the FSS, the equivalent circuit model is further analyzed and established, and values of the corresponding lumped components are derived. In addition, a prototype FSS is fabricated using printed circuit board technology and is tested in a microwave anechoic chamber. The full-wave analysis simulation, equivalent circuit model simulation, and practical measurement results reflect a high level of consistency.","PeriodicalId":54392,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Antennas and Propagation","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2023-07-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42760303","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A miniaturized enhanced isolation 8-unit MIMO antenna for smartphones is proposed in this paper. The units are planar inverted-F antennas with the same structure, and we use the slotting method and shorted probe to miniaturize them. The size of every unit is 14 × 6 mm2 (0.149 × 0.064λ2). We insert an L-shaped decoupling element into the middle of adjacent radiating elements and connect the decoupling element to the GND. Note that the decoupling elements are on the outer side of the substrate, and the radiating elements are on the inner side of the substrate. Finally, a prototype is fabricated and measured. The measured results show that the bandwidth of the MIMO antenna is from 3.0 GHz to 5.3 GHz (55.4%), which fully supports the n77, n78, and n79 in the 5G nR frequency band and the 4G LTE 42 frequency band (S11 less than −6 dB). The measured isolation of the MIMO antenna is greater than 25 dB by using the decoupling method in this paper. The envelope correlation coefficient of the proposed MIMO antenna is less than 0.08, its radiation efficiency is greater than 50%, and its gain is between 4.2 and 5.3 dBi in the whole operating frequency band.
{"title":"Design of an Enhanced Isolation 8-Unit MIMO Antenna for Smartphones Operating in 5G nR and LTE 42 Bands","authors":"Zhiwei Song, Hongxiang Miao, Xiaoming Xu, Lu Wang","doi":"10.1155/2023/7157515","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2023/7157515","url":null,"abstract":"A miniaturized enhanced isolation 8-unit MIMO antenna for smartphones is proposed in this paper. The units are planar inverted-F antennas with the same structure, and we use the slotting method and shorted probe to miniaturize them. The size of every unit is 14 × 6 mm2 (0.149 × 0.064λ2). We insert an L-shaped decoupling element into the middle of adjacent radiating elements and connect the decoupling element to the GND. Note that the decoupling elements are on the outer side of the substrate, and the radiating elements are on the inner side of the substrate. Finally, a prototype is fabricated and measured. The measured results show that the bandwidth of the MIMO antenna is from 3.0 GHz to 5.3 GHz (55.4%), which fully supports the n77, n78, and n79 in the 5G nR frequency band and the 4G LTE 42 frequency band (S11 less than −6 dB). The measured isolation of the MIMO antenna is greater than 25 dB by using the decoupling method in this paper. The envelope correlation coefficient of the proposed MIMO antenna is less than 0.08, its radiation efficiency is greater than 50%, and its gain is between 4.2 and 5.3 dBi in the whole operating frequency band.","PeriodicalId":54392,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Antennas and Propagation","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2023-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44139494","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Thi Kieu Nga Le, Fabian Schwartau, Sebastian Paul, D. T. Phan, P. Soh, J. Schoebel
This paper presents a triband antenna with a simple design for X-band applications. The proposed antenna is designed based on a patch with a truncated corner slot and complementary split-ring resonators in the ground plane. In this way, the antenna exhibits three operating bands and its resonant frequencies can be controlled independently by changing dimensions of the slot in the patch and the resonator structures in the ground plane. In addition, due to the antiresonant behavior of the complementary split-ring resonator structures, the antenna exhibits a notch-band characteristic at 10.7 GHz. A parametric study is performed to provide a detailed understanding of the independent resonance tuning behavior of the antenna. Both simulated and measured results of the proposed antenna are presented, which are in good agreement. The proposed antenna shows three operating bands in the X-band including (with absolute and relative bandwidths) 9.4–9.7 GHz (300 MHz, 3.14%), 10.3–10.6 GHz (300 MHz, 2.86%), and 11.05–11.32 GHz (297 MHz, 2.66%). In addition to that, a notched band of 10.6–11.05 GHz is introduced to exclude operation in the frequency bands of radiometric observation systems (10.6–10.7 GHz). To the best of our knowledge, this work is unique in its combination of independent tuning of three frequency bands of operation with single-layer implementation in the X-band. Such a structure provides additional degrees of freedom to the antenna design, customizing operation in the required bands while avoiding operation in other bands.
{"title":"Independently Tunable Triband Patch Antenna with Band-Notched Characteristics for X-Band Applications","authors":"Thi Kieu Nga Le, Fabian Schwartau, Sebastian Paul, D. T. Phan, P. Soh, J. Schoebel","doi":"10.1155/2023/1395473","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2023/1395473","url":null,"abstract":"This paper presents a triband antenna with a simple design for X-band applications. The proposed antenna is designed based on a patch with a truncated corner slot and complementary split-ring resonators in the ground plane. In this way, the antenna exhibits three operating bands and its resonant frequencies can be controlled independently by changing dimensions of the slot in the patch and the resonator structures in the ground plane. In addition, due to the antiresonant behavior of the complementary split-ring resonator structures, the antenna exhibits a notch-band characteristic at 10.7 GHz. A parametric study is performed to provide a detailed understanding of the independent resonance tuning behavior of the antenna. Both simulated and measured results of the proposed antenna are presented, which are in good agreement. The proposed antenna shows three operating bands in the X-band including (with absolute and relative bandwidths) 9.4–9.7 GHz (300 MHz, 3.14%), 10.3–10.6 GHz (300 MHz, 2.86%), and 11.05–11.32 GHz (297 MHz, 2.66%). In addition to that, a notched band of 10.6–11.05 GHz is introduced to exclude operation in the frequency bands of radiometric observation systems (10.6–10.7 GHz). To the best of our knowledge, this work is unique in its combination of independent tuning of three frequency bands of operation with single-layer implementation in the X-band. Such a structure provides additional degrees of freedom to the antenna design, customizing operation in the required bands while avoiding operation in other bands.","PeriodicalId":54392,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Antennas and Propagation","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2023-06-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43377949","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Aiming at the problems of poor data effectiveness, low modeling accuracy, and weak generalization in the tuning process of microwave cavity filters, a parametric model for coaxial cavity filter using kernel canonical correlation analysis (KCCA) and multioutput least squares support vector regression (MLSSVR) is proposed in this study. First, the low-dimensional tuning data is mapped to the high-dimensional feature space by kernel canonical correlation analysis, and the nonlinear feature vectors are fused by the kernel function; second, the multioutput least squares support vector regression algorithm is used for parametric modeling to solve the problems of low accuracy and poor prediction performance; third, the support vector of the parameter model is optimized by the differential evolution whale algorithm (DWA) to improve the convergence and generalization ability of the model in actual tuning. Finally, the tuning experiments of two cavity filters with different topologies are carried out. The experimental results show that the proposed method has an obvious improvement in generalization performance and prediction accuracy compared with the traditional methods.
{"title":"Parametric Model for Coaxial Cavity Filter with Combined KCCA and MLSSVR","authors":"Shengbiao Wu, Huaning Li, Xianpeng Chen","doi":"10.1155/2023/2024720","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2023/2024720","url":null,"abstract":"Aiming at the problems of poor data effectiveness, low modeling accuracy, and weak generalization in the tuning process of microwave cavity filters, a parametric model for coaxial cavity filter using kernel canonical correlation analysis (KCCA) and multioutput least squares support vector regression (MLSSVR) is proposed in this study. First, the low-dimensional tuning data is mapped to the high-dimensional feature space by kernel canonical correlation analysis, and the nonlinear feature vectors are fused by the kernel function; second, the multioutput least squares support vector regression algorithm is used for parametric modeling to solve the problems of low accuracy and poor prediction performance; third, the support vector of the parameter model is optimized by the differential evolution whale algorithm (DWA) to improve the convergence and generalization ability of the model in actual tuning. Finally, the tuning experiments of two cavity filters with different topologies are carried out. The experimental results show that the proposed method has an obvious improvement in generalization performance and prediction accuracy compared with the traditional methods.","PeriodicalId":54392,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Antennas and Propagation","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2023-06-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43451095","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A low cross-polarization microstrip antenna array for millimeter wave (mmW) applications is proposed in this paper. The antenna element is composed of symmetric T-shaped patches with vias. The adoption of a double-sided symmetric radiation patch structure can suppress the cross-polarized electric field, and the vias reduces energy leakage during the power transmission along the antenna patches. To verify the concept, a 1 × 8 antenna array is fabricated and measured. The measured −10 dB impedance of the antenna array is 28.4% (31 GHz–41.5 GHz) and the peak gain is 15 dBi. The cross polarization ratio is above 35 dB and the 3 dB beamwidths on E-plane and H-plane are 7.5° and 135°, respectively. The proposed compact size and low cross-polarization antenna array might be a good choice for phased array radar and 5th generation (5G) mobile communication applications.
{"title":"A Low Cross-Polarization Microstrip Antenna Array for Millimeter Wave Applications","authors":"Yanzhi Fu, Yixiang Lin, Changda Shi","doi":"10.1155/2023/7622014","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2023/7622014","url":null,"abstract":"A low cross-polarization microstrip antenna array for millimeter wave (mmW) applications is proposed in this paper. The antenna element is composed of symmetric T-shaped patches with vias. The adoption of a double-sided symmetric radiation patch structure can suppress the cross-polarized electric field, and the vias reduces energy leakage during the power transmission along the antenna patches. To verify the concept, a 1 × 8 antenna array is fabricated and measured. The measured −10 dB impedance of the antenna array is 28.4% (31 GHz–41.5 GHz) and the peak gain is 15 dBi. The cross polarization ratio is above 35 dB and the 3 dB beamwidths on E-plane and H-plane are 7.5° and 135°, respectively. The proposed compact size and low cross-polarization antenna array might be a good choice for phased array radar and 5th generation (5G) mobile communication applications.","PeriodicalId":54392,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Antennas and Propagation","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2023-06-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41647860","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Lekha Kannappan, S. Palaniswamy, M. Kanagasabai, Sachin Kumar
In this paper, a quad-port multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) semitransparent antenna is designed for automotive applications. The transparent soda lime glass substrate is used in the prototype antenna for windshield applications, and the radiator is nontransparent copper metal. The unit cell radiator of the MIMO antenna is similar to the “NISSAN automobile-like” logo. The proposed MIMO antenna has a −10 dB impedance bandwidth of 3.4 to 11 GHz. The edge-to-edge distance between the elements in the MIMO configuration is 6 mm. The antenna elements are perpendicularly oriented to offer dual (horizontal and vertical) polarization, which aids in providing better isolation and good signal reception in all directions. The isolation between the resonating elements is greater than 15 dB without the use of any decoupling structure. The diversity metrics are examined in order to gain a better understanding of the MIMO antenna performance. The envelope correlation coefficient (ECC) is less than 0.01, diversity gain (DG) is greater than 9.98 dB, and the total active reflection coefficient (TARC) and channel capacity loss (CCL) are less than −10 dB and 0.07 bits/s/Hz, respectively. The quad-port MIMO antenna offers transparency of 52.26% over the entire area. The proposed antenna could be suitable for automotive applications such as intelligent transportation systems (ITS), vehicular communications, and the automatic vehicle identifier (AVI).
{"title":"A Car Logo Design-Inspired CPW-Fed Semitransparent Antenna for Vehicular Applications","authors":"Lekha Kannappan, S. Palaniswamy, M. Kanagasabai, Sachin Kumar","doi":"10.1155/2023/7101049","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2023/7101049","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper, a quad-port multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) semitransparent antenna is designed for automotive applications. The transparent soda lime glass substrate is used in the prototype antenna for windshield applications, and the radiator is nontransparent copper metal. The unit cell radiator of the MIMO antenna is similar to the “NISSAN automobile-like” logo. The proposed MIMO antenna has a −10 dB impedance bandwidth of 3.4 to 11 GHz. The edge-to-edge distance between the elements in the MIMO configuration is 6 mm. The antenna elements are perpendicularly oriented to offer dual (horizontal and vertical) polarization, which aids in providing better isolation and good signal reception in all directions. The isolation between the resonating elements is greater than 15 dB without the use of any decoupling structure. The diversity metrics are examined in order to gain a better understanding of the MIMO antenna performance. The envelope correlation coefficient (ECC) is less than 0.01, diversity gain (DG) is greater than 9.98 dB, and the total active reflection coefficient (TARC) and channel capacity loss (CCL) are less than −10 dB and 0.07 bits/s/Hz, respectively. The quad-port MIMO antenna offers transparency of 52.26% over the entire area. The proposed antenna could be suitable for automotive applications such as intelligent transportation systems (ITS), vehicular communications, and the automatic vehicle identifier (AVI).","PeriodicalId":54392,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Antennas and Propagation","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2023-05-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48162031","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The paper explores an omnidirectional antenna configuration composed of a reflector fed by a shaped dielectric lens associated with a coaxial TEM horn. A simple formula describes the lens shape obtained by applying Fermat’s principle to control the rays’ caustic emerging from the dielectric interface. Based on geometrical optics (GO) principles, a synthesis technique defines the reflector shape to control the antenna radiation pattern in the vertical plane. Concatenated conic describes the reflector generatrix. The study employs a full-wave analysis to validate the designs and explores the proposed configuration to attend two distinct far-field specifications.
{"title":"Shaped Omnidirectional Reflector Fed by a Dielectric Lens Associated with a Coaxial Feed Horn","authors":"J. Bergmann, L. S. Patinos","doi":"10.1155/2023/2729945","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2023/2729945","url":null,"abstract":"The paper explores an omnidirectional antenna configuration composed of a reflector fed by a shaped dielectric lens associated with a coaxial TEM horn. A simple formula describes the lens shape obtained by applying Fermat’s principle to control the rays’ caustic emerging from the dielectric interface. Based on geometrical optics (GO) principles, a synthesis technique defines the reflector shape to control the antenna radiation pattern in the vertical plane. Concatenated conic describes the reflector generatrix. The study employs a full-wave analysis to validate the designs and explores the proposed configuration to attend two distinct far-field specifications.","PeriodicalId":54392,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Antennas and Propagation","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2023-05-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46257909","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This paper presents a novel Ku wideband circularly polarized (CP) antenna array composed of crossed-dipole element (CDE) and fed through sequential rotation (SR) feeding technique. Unlike the traditional CP-CDE fed by coaxial cable that usually works at low frequencies, the proposed CDE consists of two orthogonal heart-shaped patch dipoles that can work at frequencies as high as Ku-band, at the same time achieving a larger bandwidth. A feeding structure is proposed without welding, so potential errors in the antenna assembly process can be mitigated. A 2 × 2 CP antenna array with wideband SR feeding network is designed based on the CDE to further expand the axial ratio (AR) bandwidth. The designed antenna array is fabricated using the multilayer printed circuit board (PCB) technology and measured in anechoic chamber using the planar near-field measurement facility. The measured results show that −10 dB impedance bandwidth of 44% (11.6–18.15 GHz) along with 3 dB AR bandwidth of 38.7% (12–17.65 GHz) and 3 dB gain bandwidth of 34.6% (12.2–17.3 GHz) as well as 11.02 dBic peak gain have been achieved while maintaining a lower profile.
{"title":"A Ku Wideband Circularly Polarized Microstrip Antenna Array with Low Profile Crossed-Dipole Element","authors":"Haipeng Liu, Yunhua Zhang, Xiaowen Zhao","doi":"10.1155/2023/6645672","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2023/6645672","url":null,"abstract":"This paper presents a novel Ku wideband circularly polarized (CP) antenna array composed of crossed-dipole element (CDE) and fed through sequential rotation (SR) feeding technique. Unlike the traditional CP-CDE fed by coaxial cable that usually works at low frequencies, the proposed CDE consists of two orthogonal heart-shaped patch dipoles that can work at frequencies as high as Ku-band, at the same time achieving a larger bandwidth. A feeding structure is proposed without welding, so potential errors in the antenna assembly process can be mitigated. A 2 × 2 CP antenna array with wideband SR feeding network is designed based on the CDE to further expand the axial ratio (AR) bandwidth. The designed antenna array is fabricated using the multilayer printed circuit board (PCB) technology and measured in anechoic chamber using the planar near-field measurement facility. The measured results show that −10 dB impedance bandwidth of 44% (11.6–18.15 GHz) along with 3 dB AR bandwidth of 38.7% (12–17.65 GHz) and 3 dB gain bandwidth of 34.6% (12.2–17.3 GHz) as well as 11.02 dBic peak gain have been achieved while maintaining a lower profile.","PeriodicalId":54392,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Antennas and Propagation","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2023-05-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47463273","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
In this paper, an effective synthesis method for sparse uniformly excited concentric ring array (CRA) element positions featuring a minimum sidelobe level (SLL) is presented. This method is based on the chaos sparrow search algorithm (CSSA), which can search for the optimal solution under multiple constraints. By improving the constraint on the number of array elements on each ring, the solution range of the optimal solution is further reduced, and the global search ability of the algorithm is effectively improved by introducing tent mapping into the algorithm to initialize the population. Numerical examples are presented to assess the effectiveness and reliability of the proposed method, showing that it can achieve better results than existing methods in the design of sparse concentric ring array arrangements.
{"title":"Synthesis of Sparse Uniformly Excited Concentric Ring Arrays Using the Chaos Sparrow Search Algorithm","authors":"Bin Wang, Xue Tian, Kui Tao","doi":"10.1155/2023/2926111","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2023/2926111","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper, an effective synthesis method for sparse uniformly excited concentric ring array (CRA) element positions featuring a minimum sidelobe level (SLL) is presented. This method is based on the chaos sparrow search algorithm (CSSA), which can search for the optimal solution under multiple constraints. By improving the constraint on the number of array elements on each ring, the solution range of the optimal solution is further reduced, and the global search ability of the algorithm is effectively improved by introducing tent mapping into the algorithm to initialize the population. Numerical examples are presented to assess the effectiveness and reliability of the proposed method, showing that it can achieve better results than existing methods in the design of sparse concentric ring array arrangements.","PeriodicalId":54392,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Antennas and Propagation","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2023-05-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42219721","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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