Pub Date : 2019-07-03DOI: 10.1080/03946975.2019.1641667
R. Argano, G. Messana
A new species of the Tethyan genus Stygocyathura (Isopoda, Cymothoida), Stygocyathura taitii n.sp., collected in a well of the Socotra Island, is described here. The new species, on the basis of the similarity of the structure of the appendix masculina, appears related to S. numeae, a thalassostygobiotic species from New Caledonia. http://zoobank.org/urn:lsid:pub:E3865EEB-A3F6-4AA9-819F-0C7D4CAED246
{"title":"A new Stygocyathura (Isopoda, Cymothoida, Anthuridae) from the subterranean waters of Socotra Island (Indian Ocean)","authors":"R. Argano, G. Messana","doi":"10.1080/03946975.2019.1641667","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/03946975.2019.1641667","url":null,"abstract":"A new species of the Tethyan genus Stygocyathura (Isopoda, Cymothoida), Stygocyathura taitii n.sp., collected in a well of the Socotra Island, is described here. The new species, on the basis of the similarity of the structure of the appendix masculina, appears related to S. numeae, a thalassostygobiotic species from New Caledonia. http://zoobank.org/urn:lsid:pub:E3865EEB-A3F6-4AA9-819F-0C7D4CAED246","PeriodicalId":54409,"journal":{"name":"Tropical Zoology","volume":"32 1","pages":"135 - 141"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2019-07-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/03946975.2019.1641667","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44742924","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-07-03DOI: 10.1080/03946975.2019.1641673
I. Gavrilov-Zimin
A new genus and four new species of Asterolecaniidae s.l. are described and illustrated: Forticauda borchsenii n. gen., n. sp. from India, Abditicoccus mystroxyloni n. sp. from South Africa, Mycetococcus sinensis n. sp. from China, and Stictacanthus sugonyaevi n. sp. from Vietnam. New data on distribution are provided for four species: Bambusaspis bambusae (Boisduval, 1869) is recorded for the first time from Indonesia (Sumatra), Hsuia cheni Borchsenius, 1969 from Laos, Pauroaspis daedalea Gavrilov-Zimin, 2013 from Thailand and Indonesia (Sumatra), and Planchonia arabidis Signoret, 1876 from Cuba. http://zoobank.org/urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:3C86BD20-F55F-47C7-BD6A-3884E07F4A7C
{"title":"New Asterolecaniidae s.l. (Homoptera: Coccinea) from different regions of the world and some distributional records","authors":"I. Gavrilov-Zimin","doi":"10.1080/03946975.2019.1641673","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/03946975.2019.1641673","url":null,"abstract":"A new genus and four new species of Asterolecaniidae s.l. are described and illustrated: Forticauda borchsenii n. gen., n. sp. from India, Abditicoccus mystroxyloni n. sp. from South Africa, Mycetococcus sinensis n. sp. from China, and Stictacanthus sugonyaevi n. sp. from Vietnam. New data on distribution are provided for four species: Bambusaspis bambusae (Boisduval, 1869) is recorded for the first time from Indonesia (Sumatra), Hsuia cheni Borchsenius, 1969 from Laos, Pauroaspis daedalea Gavrilov-Zimin, 2013 from Thailand and Indonesia (Sumatra), and Planchonia arabidis Signoret, 1876 from Cuba. http://zoobank.org/urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:3C86BD20-F55F-47C7-BD6A-3884E07F4A7C","PeriodicalId":54409,"journal":{"name":"Tropical Zoology","volume":"32 1","pages":"142 - 154"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2019-07-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/03946975.2019.1641673","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47967552","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-07-03DOI: 10.1080/03946975.2019.1639034
R. Mugnai, A. Serpa-Filho, J. Nessimian, A. Kury, S. V. Milesi
Hyporheic zone is an active ecotone constituted by the interstitial spaces between the particles of the riverbed. The use of morphological traits can be useful to detect organisms distribution patterns in these areas. Information concerning hyporheic communities are scarce as well on chironomid vertical distribution. Fauna samples from the hyporheic zone were collected at three depths and in four microhabitats. Eighteen genera were recorded and 13 morphological traits were identified. The results indicate that the distribution patterns of hyporheic chironomid taxa vary according to depth and microhabitat. Spatial preferences for riffles habitats are evident, and the vertical distribution is correlated with morphological traits like body size, pseudopods and mentum. Faunal abundance and richness decreased with depth and the vertical distribution influenced the chironomid morphological traits. We conclude that the use of morphological trait can introduce new useful information about the distribution of hyporheic fauna. http://zoobank.org/urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:E1DDF958-AA8C-40FD-A0D5-F281AA4AEA04
{"title":"Morphological traits and vertical distribution of hyporheic chironomid larvae in Atlantic Forest streams","authors":"R. Mugnai, A. Serpa-Filho, J. Nessimian, A. Kury, S. V. Milesi","doi":"10.1080/03946975.2019.1639034","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/03946975.2019.1639034","url":null,"abstract":"Hyporheic zone is an active ecotone constituted by the interstitial spaces between the particles of the riverbed. The use of morphological traits can be useful to detect organisms distribution patterns in these areas. Information concerning hyporheic communities are scarce as well on chironomid vertical distribution. Fauna samples from the hyporheic zone were collected at three depths and in four microhabitats. Eighteen genera were recorded and 13 morphological traits were identified. The results indicate that the distribution patterns of hyporheic chironomid taxa vary according to depth and microhabitat. Spatial preferences for riffles habitats are evident, and the vertical distribution is correlated with morphological traits like body size, pseudopods and mentum. Faunal abundance and richness decreased with depth and the vertical distribution influenced the chironomid morphological traits. We conclude that the use of morphological trait can introduce new useful information about the distribution of hyporheic fauna. http://zoobank.org/urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:E1DDF958-AA8C-40FD-A0D5-F281AA4AEA04","PeriodicalId":54409,"journal":{"name":"Tropical Zoology","volume":"32 1","pages":"119 - 134"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2019-07-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/03946975.2019.1639034","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41349577","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-07-03DOI: 10.1080/03946975.2019.1648129
R. Dalhoumi, P. Aissa, H. Beyrem, S. Aulagnier
Bat use of the “Bat cave” of Jebel Errwa (central Tunisia) was studied over one year. A maximum of 650 bats were found during diurnal and nocturnal surveys. Maximum activity at emergence was reported in late spring and early summer when the cave was occupied by nurseries of Myotis punicus, Rhinolophus euryale, Rhinolophus mehelyi and Miniopterus schreibersii. Females gave birth in May in the largest, moistest and coolest room of the roost; young started to fly in June and left the cave in August. Despite frequent disturbance by visitors, “Bat Cave” of Jebel Errwa is one of the most important underground sites in central Tunisia and should be protected.
{"title":"Annual cycle of bats in a cave of Jebel Errwa, a sub-desert zone of central Tunisia","authors":"R. Dalhoumi, P. Aissa, H. Beyrem, S. Aulagnier","doi":"10.1080/03946975.2019.1648129","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/03946975.2019.1648129","url":null,"abstract":"Bat use of the “Bat cave” of Jebel Errwa (central Tunisia) was studied over one year. A maximum of 650 bats were found during diurnal and nocturnal surveys. Maximum activity at emergence was reported in late spring and early summer when the cave was occupied by nurseries of Myotis punicus, Rhinolophus euryale, Rhinolophus mehelyi and Miniopterus schreibersii. Females gave birth in May in the largest, moistest and coolest room of the roost; young started to fly in June and left the cave in August. Despite frequent disturbance by visitors, “Bat Cave” of Jebel Errwa is one of the most important underground sites in central Tunisia and should be protected.","PeriodicalId":54409,"journal":{"name":"Tropical Zoology","volume":"32 1","pages":"155 - 165"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2019-07-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/03946975.2019.1648129","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48041434","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-04-03DOI: 10.1080/03946975.2019.1589264
Jennifer L. Swan, A. Carver, N. Correa, C. Nielsen
Since the ceding of the Panamá Canal from the United States to the Republic of Panamá in 1999, human development has accelerated in Panamá, resulting in the loss of habitat and declines in wildlife populations. We implemented a wildlife rescue and relocation program associated with the third locks expansion project of the Panamá Canal and here describe our efforts and findings. During 2007–2010, 896 animals were rescued from 11 sites along the canal; 84% of these individuals (n = 806) were successfully relocated to protected areas and 6% (n = 57) were relocated to captivity. One-hundred three species were rescued during >16,000 h of human effort; of those species, 66 were listed as Least Concern or higher on the IUCN Red List. We estimated wildlife biodiversity values from rescue sites; mean values were 0.2, 0.9, 2.5, and 2.1 for Berger–Parker, Simpson, Shannon, and Brillouin indices, respectively, indicating high diversity in species composition. Our research provides rare insight into the process and phases of a large wildlife rescue operation as well as an examination of wildlife diversity found in the Panamá Canal Watershed.
{"title":"Wildlife rescue and relocation efforts associated with the Panamá Canal Third Locks Expansion Project","authors":"Jennifer L. Swan, A. Carver, N. Correa, C. Nielsen","doi":"10.1080/03946975.2019.1589264","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/03946975.2019.1589264","url":null,"abstract":"Since the ceding of the Panamá Canal from the United States to the Republic of Panamá in 1999, human development has accelerated in Panamá, resulting in the loss of habitat and declines in wildlife populations. We implemented a wildlife rescue and relocation program associated with the third locks expansion project of the Panamá Canal and here describe our efforts and findings. During 2007–2010, 896 animals were rescued from 11 sites along the canal; 84% of these individuals (n = 806) were successfully relocated to protected areas and 6% (n = 57) were relocated to captivity. One-hundred three species were rescued during >16,000 h of human effort; of those species, 66 were listed as Least Concern or higher on the IUCN Red List. We estimated wildlife biodiversity values from rescue sites; mean values were 0.2, 0.9, 2.5, and 2.1 for Berger–Parker, Simpson, Shannon, and Brillouin indices, respectively, indicating high diversity in species composition. Our research provides rare insight into the process and phases of a large wildlife rescue operation as well as an examination of wildlife diversity found in the Panamá Canal Watershed.","PeriodicalId":54409,"journal":{"name":"Tropical Zoology","volume":"32 1","pages":"58 - 74"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2019-04-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/03946975.2019.1589264","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44833428","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-04-03DOI: 10.1080/03946975.2019.1602749
A. Pucci, R. Berti, A. Simonetta
The present article describes the morphology of the skull of Phreatichthys andruzzii Vinciguerra, 1924, blind cave fish from central Somalia. The main findings concern a general flattening of the skull and the loss of several bones (coronomeckelian, prefrontal, supratemporal, intercalar, supraopercle) belonging to the various regions of the head skeleton; but the more important modifications are shown by the orbital region, consisting in the complete disappearance of lachrymal, suborbital, sclerotics, and the substantial reduction of the other circumorbital bones. Usually the cranial lateral line canals run through the dermal bones; on the contrary in P. andruzzii the canals are nearly exclusively sheathed by thin bony muffs. These are sometimes fused to the underlying dermal bones, but in several regions they remain fully separated and independent, running through the adjoining soft tissues. The considerable degree of osteological regression shown by the skull appears to be related to the high level of adaptation to the cave environment attained by P. andruzzii.
{"title":"The skull osteology of the blind cave cyprinid Phreatichthys andruzzii Vinciguerra, 1924","authors":"A. Pucci, R. Berti, A. Simonetta","doi":"10.1080/03946975.2019.1602749","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/03946975.2019.1602749","url":null,"abstract":"The present article describes the morphology of the skull of Phreatichthys andruzzii Vinciguerra, 1924, blind cave fish from central Somalia. The main findings concern a general flattening of the skull and the loss of several bones (coronomeckelian, prefrontal, supratemporal, intercalar, supraopercle) belonging to the various regions of the head skeleton; but the more important modifications are shown by the orbital region, consisting in the complete disappearance of lachrymal, suborbital, sclerotics, and the substantial reduction of the other circumorbital bones. Usually the cranial lateral line canals run through the dermal bones; on the contrary in P. andruzzii the canals are nearly exclusively sheathed by thin bony muffs. These are sometimes fused to the underlying dermal bones, but in several regions they remain fully separated and independent, running through the adjoining soft tissues. The considerable degree of osteological regression shown by the skull appears to be related to the high level of adaptation to the cave environment attained by P. andruzzii.","PeriodicalId":54409,"journal":{"name":"Tropical Zoology","volume":"32 1","pages":"106 - 80"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2019-04-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/03946975.2019.1602749","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47399526","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-04-03DOI: 10.1080/03946975.2019.1603622
A. Moreira, L. C. Forti, R. S. Camargo, N. S. Nagamoto, N. Caldato, M. Castellani, V. M. Ramos
The success of incipient colonies of leaf-cutter ants depends on multiple factors such as temperature, humidity, soil type, the queen’s fertility and vigor, frequency of harmful microfungi, among others. Based on this observation, three factors related to Atta sexdens were characterized: (1) initial nest morphology (depth and volume); (2) queen oviposition rate; and (3) prevalence of Escovopsis (parasitic fungus) and other fungi in incipient colonies. Our observation showed a variation in chamber dimensions and volume, indicating differences in colony development rates. The oviposition rate of queens from nests of the same age showed a difference among queens. About microfungi prevalence, it was found that many are potentially deleterious. In particular, the parasite Escovopsis was present in 16.7% of the colonies. Our study shows positive correlations between queen condition and nest size/fungus garden size. These correlations collectively suggest that ecological factors such as plant availability can generate substantial variation between nests and thus shape the success of incipient colonies.
{"title":"Variation in nest morphology, queen oviposition rates, and fungal species present in incipient colonies of the leaf-cutter ant Atta sexdens","authors":"A. Moreira, L. C. Forti, R. S. Camargo, N. S. Nagamoto, N. Caldato, M. Castellani, V. M. Ramos","doi":"10.1080/03946975.2019.1603622","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/03946975.2019.1603622","url":null,"abstract":"The success of incipient colonies of leaf-cutter ants depends on multiple factors such as temperature, humidity, soil type, the queen’s fertility and vigor, frequency of harmful microfungi, among others. Based on this observation, three factors related to Atta sexdens were characterized: (1) initial nest morphology (depth and volume); (2) queen oviposition rate; and (3) prevalence of Escovopsis (parasitic fungus) and other fungi in incipient colonies. Our observation showed a variation in chamber dimensions and volume, indicating differences in colony development rates. The oviposition rate of queens from nests of the same age showed a difference among queens. About microfungi prevalence, it was found that many are potentially deleterious. In particular, the parasite Escovopsis was present in 16.7% of the colonies. Our study shows positive correlations between queen condition and nest size/fungus garden size. These correlations collectively suggest that ecological factors such as plant availability can generate substantial variation between nests and thus shape the success of incipient colonies.","PeriodicalId":54409,"journal":{"name":"Tropical Zoology","volume":"32 1","pages":"107 - 117"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2019-04-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/03946975.2019.1603622","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44874507","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-01-02DOI: 10.1080/03946975.2018.1549866
J. Mawdsley
Results of a cladistic analysis of the species of the African Xylocopa caffra (Linnaeus, 1767) species-group (Hymenoptera: Apidae, genus Xylocopa Latreille, 1802) are presented. Thirty-five external adult morphological characters were coded for the twelve species in this group plus two outgroup taxa. Cladistic analysis with the computer program “TNT” recovered a single most parsimonious tree of 45 steps. This cladogram provides insights into the evolution of aposematic dorsal color patterns in females of species in this group. Females in each of three monophyletic lineages have distinctive black and yellow, white, or orange color patterns: In the first lineage, females have white pubescence on the head and varying amounts of yellow pubescence on the mesosoma and metasoma; in the second lineage, females of all but one species have banded black and yellow or white pubescence; and in the third lineage, the mesosoma in females is predominantly or entirely covered in yellow or orange pubescence, except for a central black glabrous area.
{"title":"Cladistic analysis of the Xylocopa caffra (Linnaeus, 1767) species-group (Insecta: Hymenoptera: Apidae)","authors":"J. Mawdsley","doi":"10.1080/03946975.2018.1549866","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/03946975.2018.1549866","url":null,"abstract":"Results of a cladistic analysis of the species of the African Xylocopa caffra (Linnaeus, 1767) species-group (Hymenoptera: Apidae, genus Xylocopa Latreille, 1802) are presented. Thirty-five external adult morphological characters were coded for the twelve species in this group plus two outgroup taxa. Cladistic analysis with the computer program “TNT” recovered a single most parsimonious tree of 45 steps. This cladogram provides insights into the evolution of aposematic dorsal color patterns in females of species in this group. Females in each of three monophyletic lineages have distinctive black and yellow, white, or orange color patterns: In the first lineage, females have white pubescence on the head and varying amounts of yellow pubescence on the mesosoma and metasoma; in the second lineage, females of all but one species have banded black and yellow or white pubescence; and in the third lineage, the mesosoma in females is predominantly or entirely covered in yellow or orange pubescence, except for a central black glabrous area.","PeriodicalId":54409,"journal":{"name":"Tropical Zoology","volume":"32 1","pages":"49 - 57"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2019-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/03946975.2018.1549866","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43302392","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-01-02DOI: 10.1080/03946975.2018.1549887
V. I. Gómez, A. I. Kehr
Desiccation exposes tadpoles to a decrease in habitat size due to a reduction in water depth and surface area. We tested the effect of surface area and water depth on growth and development of tadpoles of Physalaemus albonotatus and whether habitat size effects are constant over the larval period. We performed a 2 × 2 factorial design: two water depths and two surface areas. We measured tadpoles at 15 and 30 days after starting the experiment, and recorded weight and time to metamorphosis. Our results indicate that habitat size influences the morphology, growth, and development of tadpoles and that the response changes during development. At 15 days, tadpoles reared in shallow water had reduced their morphological variables and developmental stage, whereas tadpoles reared in enclosures with different surface areas showed no differences. At 30 days, tadpoles reared in enclosures with small surface areas had increased their body length, body height, and developmental stage, whereas tadpoles reared in different water depths showed no differences. Tadpoles reared in small surface areas reached metamorphosis earlier than tadpoles reared in large surface areas. The results suggest that during ontogeny the surface area and water depth had different influence in the phenotypic plasticity of tadpoles.
{"title":"Habitat size changes morphological traits of Physalaemus albonotatus tadpoles","authors":"V. I. Gómez, A. I. Kehr","doi":"10.1080/03946975.2018.1549887","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/03946975.2018.1549887","url":null,"abstract":"Desiccation exposes tadpoles to a decrease in habitat size due to a reduction in water depth and surface area. We tested the effect of surface area and water depth on growth and development of tadpoles of Physalaemus albonotatus and whether habitat size effects are constant over the larval period. We performed a 2 × 2 factorial design: two water depths and two surface areas. We measured tadpoles at 15 and 30 days after starting the experiment, and recorded weight and time to metamorphosis. Our results indicate that habitat size influences the morphology, growth, and development of tadpoles and that the response changes during development. At 15 days, tadpoles reared in shallow water had reduced their morphological variables and developmental stage, whereas tadpoles reared in enclosures with different surface areas showed no differences. At 30 days, tadpoles reared in enclosures with small surface areas had increased their body length, body height, and developmental stage, whereas tadpoles reared in different water depths showed no differences. Tadpoles reared in small surface areas reached metamorphosis earlier than tadpoles reared in large surface areas. The results suggest that during ontogeny the surface area and water depth had different influence in the phenotypic plasticity of tadpoles.","PeriodicalId":54409,"journal":{"name":"Tropical Zoology","volume":"32 1","pages":"37 - 48"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2019-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/03946975.2018.1549887","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46733386","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-01-02DOI: 10.1080/03946975.2018.1542246
A. Giaretta, W. R. da Silva, K. Facure
Proper nest site selection can reflect risk avoidance to offspring. We searched for oviposition site selection and features related to this behavior in the basing-digging foam-nesting Leptodactylus labyrinthicus and Leptodactylus syphax, both species have tadpoles that initially develop in terrestrial nests but complete their larval phase in water. To both species we compared environmental features of nest sites with Random Points (RPs). Nests of L. labyrinthicus were most commonly placed next to ponds, while L. syphax nests were restricted to sites bordering seasonal small streams. Discrimination between both species was reasonable (error 17%); L. syphax nests were on harder soil and more elevated points in relation to water level and L. labyrinthicus nests were most often beside water bodies with potential predators. Compared to RPs, L. labyrinthicus nests (error 30%) were more often hidden and closer to water, and L. syphax nests (error 11%) were more often hidden, in flatter terrains, in softer soils and closer to water. Even though L. labyrinthicus and L. syphax build nests in sites differing in hydric features and soil inclination/hardness, both species select hidden points, which seems to be important to avoid predation by dipteran larvae and desiccation.
{"title":"Oviposition site selection in two basin-digging Leptodactylus Fitzinger, 1826 (Anura)","authors":"A. Giaretta, W. R. da Silva, K. Facure","doi":"10.1080/03946975.2018.1542246","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/03946975.2018.1542246","url":null,"abstract":"Proper nest site selection can reflect risk avoidance to offspring. We searched for oviposition site selection and features related to this behavior in the basing-digging foam-nesting Leptodactylus labyrinthicus and Leptodactylus syphax, both species have tadpoles that initially develop in terrestrial nests but complete their larval phase in water. To both species we compared environmental features of nest sites with Random Points (RPs). Nests of L. labyrinthicus were most commonly placed next to ponds, while L. syphax nests were restricted to sites bordering seasonal small streams. Discrimination between both species was reasonable (error 17%); L. syphax nests were on harder soil and more elevated points in relation to water level and L. labyrinthicus nests were most often beside water bodies with potential predators. Compared to RPs, L. labyrinthicus nests (error 30%) were more often hidden and closer to water, and L. syphax nests (error 11%) were more often hidden, in flatter terrains, in softer soils and closer to water. Even though L. labyrinthicus and L. syphax build nests in sites differing in hydric features and soil inclination/hardness, both species select hidden points, which seems to be important to avoid predation by dipteran larvae and desiccation.","PeriodicalId":54409,"journal":{"name":"Tropical Zoology","volume":"32 1","pages":"10 - 18"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2019-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/03946975.2018.1542246","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44002956","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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