Pub Date : 2017-07-03DOI: 10.1080/03946975.2017.1345471
N. Tamura, Y. Fujii, Phadet Boonkhaw, Umphornpimon Prayoon, Budsabong Kanchanasaka
Finlayson’s squirrel, Callosciurus finlaysonii, is distributed in lowland forests throughout South-East Asia. Its pelage colour is conspicuous and polymorphic (red, black, white and a mixture of these colours), which is characteristic of the species, with 16 subspecies described based on pelage colour patterns. Two closely related species, the brown C. erythraeus and the orange C. caniceps, are also distributed throughout the region. To examine whether the conspicuous pelage colour is a visual clue for species/subspecies discrimination, we experimentally assessed the colour vision of C. finlaysonii. Optically measured pelage colours of the dorsal body differed greatly among seven subspecies of C. finlaysonii and also differed among the three species of the region. Colour vision tests revealed that C. finlaysonii can discriminate the colour of conspecific white, black, and red pelages from the orange pelages of C. caniceps. They can also discriminate the brown pelages of C. erythraeus and conspecific white and black pelages, but they cannot discriminate between the brown and red pelages because they have dichromatic colour vision. White, black and orange pelage colours could be useful clues for species/subspecies recognition in Callosciurus.
{"title":"Colour vision in Finlayson’s squirrel (Callosciurus finlaysonii): is conspicuous pelage colour useful for species recognition?","authors":"N. Tamura, Y. Fujii, Phadet Boonkhaw, Umphornpimon Prayoon, Budsabong Kanchanasaka","doi":"10.1080/03946975.2017.1345471","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/03946975.2017.1345471","url":null,"abstract":"Finlayson’s squirrel, Callosciurus finlaysonii, is distributed in lowland forests throughout South-East Asia. Its pelage colour is conspicuous and polymorphic (red, black, white and a mixture of these colours), which is characteristic of the species, with 16 subspecies described based on pelage colour patterns. Two closely related species, the brown C. erythraeus and the orange C. caniceps, are also distributed throughout the region. To examine whether the conspicuous pelage colour is a visual clue for species/subspecies discrimination, we experimentally assessed the colour vision of C. finlaysonii. Optically measured pelage colours of the dorsal body differed greatly among seven subspecies of C. finlaysonii and also differed among the three species of the region. Colour vision tests revealed that C. finlaysonii can discriminate the colour of conspecific white, black, and red pelages from the orange pelages of C. caniceps. They can also discriminate the brown pelages of C. erythraeus and conspecific white and black pelages, but they cannot discriminate between the brown and red pelages because they have dichromatic colour vision. White, black and orange pelage colours could be useful clues for species/subspecies recognition in Callosciurus.","PeriodicalId":54409,"journal":{"name":"Tropical Zoology","volume":"30 1","pages":"110 - 124"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2017-07-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/03946975.2017.1345471","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45430217","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2017-07-03DOI: 10.1080/03946975.2017.1357296
J. Mawdsley
Results of a cladistic analysis of the five currently recognized species of the genus Xylocopa Latreille, 1802, subgenus Xylocopoides Michener, 1954, are reported. Twenty adult morphological characters were coded for the five species of subgenus Xylocopoides, plus two outgroup species from the related subgenus Xylocopa Latreille, 1802. The resulting taxon-character matrix was analyzed with the “TNT” computer software program and a single most parsimonious tree of 21 steps was recovered. Monophyly of subgenus Xylocopoides relative to the outgroup species in subgenus Xylocopa is confirmed. Characters used to establish the subgenus Calloxylocopa Hurd & Moure, 1963, are derived character states in the single species X. tenuata Smith, 1874, and thus Calloxylocopa is maintained in synonymy with subgenus Xylocopoides. Within Xylocopoides, X. tenuata is the sister species to the four other species of the subgenus. Xylocopa cyanea Smith, 1874, and X. californica Cresson, 1864, are sister species, while X. pallidiscopa Hurd, 1961, and X. virginica (Linnaeus, 1771), are also sister species, suggesting the possibility of a Mexican origin for the common and widespread Nearctic species X. virginica. The male of X. pallidiscopa is described for the first time and an identification key that includes both sexes of all species of Xylocopoides is presented.
{"title":"Cladistic analysis and evolutionary relationships of Xylocopa Latreille, 1802, subgenus Xylocopoides Michener, 1954, a New World lineage of large carpenter bees (Insecta: Hymenoptera: Apidae)","authors":"J. Mawdsley","doi":"10.1080/03946975.2017.1357296","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/03946975.2017.1357296","url":null,"abstract":"Results of a cladistic analysis of the five currently recognized species of the genus Xylocopa Latreille, 1802, subgenus Xylocopoides Michener, 1954, are reported. Twenty adult morphological characters were coded for the five species of subgenus Xylocopoides, plus two outgroup species from the related subgenus Xylocopa Latreille, 1802. The resulting taxon-character matrix was analyzed with the “TNT” computer software program and a single most parsimonious tree of 21 steps was recovered. Monophyly of subgenus Xylocopoides relative to the outgroup species in subgenus Xylocopa is confirmed. Characters used to establish the subgenus Calloxylocopa Hurd & Moure, 1963, are derived character states in the single species X. tenuata Smith, 1874, and thus Calloxylocopa is maintained in synonymy with subgenus Xylocopoides. Within Xylocopoides, X. tenuata is the sister species to the four other species of the subgenus. Xylocopa cyanea Smith, 1874, and X. californica Cresson, 1864, are sister species, while X. pallidiscopa Hurd, 1961, and X. virginica (Linnaeus, 1771), are also sister species, suggesting the possibility of a Mexican origin for the common and widespread Nearctic species X. virginica. The male of X. pallidiscopa is described for the first time and an identification key that includes both sexes of all species of Xylocopoides is presented.","PeriodicalId":54409,"journal":{"name":"Tropical Zoology","volume":"30 1","pages":"135 - 143"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2017-07-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/03946975.2017.1357296","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42985641","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2017-07-03DOI: 10.1080/03946975.2017.1345512
S. Ermilov, L. CORPUZ-RAROS
The oribatid mite genus Sacculogalumna (Oribatida: Galumnidae) is recorded in the Philippines for the first time. A new species, S. samarensis n. sp., is described from secondary forest litter in the Western and Eastern Samar Provinces in Samar Island. It differs from S. saccularis and S. suiyangensis in having pointed rostrum, setiform bothridial setae, reticulate pteromorphs, long and thickened adanal setae ad1 and ad2 and one seta on anterior edges of genital plates, by the location of lamellar setae between lamellar lines, and the absence of postanal porose area, and by the medially interrupted dorsosejugal furrow. The inclusion of the new species in Sacculogalumna is proved, and an identification key to known species of the genus is given. http://zoobank.org/urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:4D40D41A-EF5C-423D-AAB3-857C16B10BE8
{"title":"First record of the genus Sacculogalumna (Acari: Oribatida: Galumnidae) from the Philippines, with description of a new species","authors":"S. Ermilov, L. CORPUZ-RAROS","doi":"10.1080/03946975.2017.1345512","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/03946975.2017.1345512","url":null,"abstract":"The oribatid mite genus Sacculogalumna (Oribatida: Galumnidae) is recorded in the Philippines for the first time. A new species, S. samarensis n. sp., is described from secondary forest litter in the Western and Eastern Samar Provinces in Samar Island. It differs from S. saccularis and S. suiyangensis in having pointed rostrum, setiform bothridial setae, reticulate pteromorphs, long and thickened adanal setae ad1 and ad2 and one seta on anterior edges of genital plates, by the location of lamellar setae between lamellar lines, and the absence of postanal porose area, and by the medially interrupted dorsosejugal furrow. The inclusion of the new species in Sacculogalumna is proved, and an identification key to known species of the genus is given. http://zoobank.org/urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:4D40D41A-EF5C-423D-AAB3-857C16B10BE8","PeriodicalId":54409,"journal":{"name":"Tropical Zoology","volume":"30 1","pages":"125 - 134"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2017-07-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/03946975.2017.1345512","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44384831","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2017-04-27DOI: 10.1080/03946975.2017.1301629
Xiao-Zhu Luo, Haomin Yin, Sunbin Huang, M. Tian
Larval morphology plays an important role in taxonomy and phylogeny construction. Larvae of three hypogean Trechini species, representing aphenopsian, semi-aphenopsian and anophthalmic, respectively, are described and illustrated from China. In general, primary setae were identified according to classical theory established by Bousquet and Goulet. Main larval morphological characteristics of them provide evidences between aphenopsian and anophthalmic species. The Dongodytes troglodytes Tian, Yin & Huang, 2014 (a typical aphenopsian) larva is distinct from Guizhaphaenops lipsorum Deuve, 1999 and Libotrechus nishikawai Uéno, 1998 by following characteristics: (1) anterior margin of nasale is less protruding, relatively smooth and teeth-lacking (versus distinctly toothed in G. lipsorum and L. nishikawai); (2) hypertrophied abdomen (versus slender in G. lipsorum and L. nishikawai); (3) short and stout pygidium (versus relatively slender in G. lipsorum and L. nishikawai). These major differences above may suggest various larval adaptation degrees of the cave-strictly trechine beetles to the subterranean habitats.
{"title":"Differences between anophthalmic and aphenopsian beetles: evidences from larvae of Chinese species","authors":"Xiao-Zhu Luo, Haomin Yin, Sunbin Huang, M. Tian","doi":"10.1080/03946975.2017.1301629","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/03946975.2017.1301629","url":null,"abstract":"Larval morphology plays an important role in taxonomy and phylogeny construction. Larvae of three hypogean Trechini species, representing aphenopsian, semi-aphenopsian and anophthalmic, respectively, are described and illustrated from China. In general, primary setae were identified according to classical theory established by Bousquet and Goulet. Main larval morphological characteristics of them provide evidences between aphenopsian and anophthalmic species. The Dongodytes troglodytes Tian, Yin & Huang, 2014 (a typical aphenopsian) larva is distinct from Guizhaphaenops lipsorum Deuve, 1999 and Libotrechus nishikawai Uéno, 1998 by following characteristics: (1) anterior margin of nasale is less protruding, relatively smooth and teeth-lacking (versus distinctly toothed in G. lipsorum and L. nishikawai); (2) hypertrophied abdomen (versus slender in G. lipsorum and L. nishikawai); (3) short and stout pygidium (versus relatively slender in G. lipsorum and L. nishikawai). These major differences above may suggest various larval adaptation degrees of the cave-strictly trechine beetles to the subterranean habitats.","PeriodicalId":54409,"journal":{"name":"Tropical Zoology","volume":"30 1","pages":"109 - 97"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2017-04-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/03946975.2017.1301629","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45325854","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2017-03-31DOI: 10.1080/03946975.2017.1301628
Jucélia Iantas, Franciélli Cristiane Gruchowski Woitowicz, Maria Luisa Tunes Buschini
The global decline in biodiversity has been mainly attributed to the expansion of agricultural areas that transform continuous forest ecosystems into mosaic landscapes of simple agricultural and natural forest fragments. Considering this, the objective of this research was to evaluate if habitat modification affects trap nesting bees and wasps richness and abundance. An assemblage of bees and wasps that nest in pre-existing cavities was studied. The tested hypothesis was that species composition, richness and evenness are affected with habitat modification. Trap nests with different diameters were used to capture these insects in forests and in organic fields in Southern Brazil. Species composition in these areas was different, which led to the acceptance of the hypothesis that it is affected with habitat modification. The opposite occurred with alpha diversity because there was no significant difference between the richness of these areas. The most abundant genus, both in the forest areas and in the growing areas, was Trypoxylon, suggesting that the degree of impact on the Araucaria forest fragments is one of the factors that makes the diversity of these areas similar (in addition to the organic fields) since wasps of this genus usually occur in impacted areas.
{"title":"Habitat modification and alpha-beta diversity in trap nesting bees and wasps (Hymenoptera: Aculeata) in southern Brazil","authors":"Jucélia Iantas, Franciélli Cristiane Gruchowski Woitowicz, Maria Luisa Tunes Buschini","doi":"10.1080/03946975.2017.1301628","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/03946975.2017.1301628","url":null,"abstract":"The global decline in biodiversity has been mainly attributed to the expansion of agricultural areas that transform continuous forest ecosystems into mosaic landscapes of simple agricultural and natural forest fragments. Considering this, the objective of this research was to evaluate if habitat modification affects trap nesting bees and wasps richness and abundance. An assemblage of bees and wasps that nest in pre-existing cavities was studied. The tested hypothesis was that species composition, richness and evenness are affected with habitat modification. Trap nests with different diameters were used to capture these insects in forests and in organic fields in Southern Brazil. Species composition in these areas was different, which led to the acceptance of the hypothesis that it is affected with habitat modification. The opposite occurred with alpha diversity because there was no significant difference between the richness of these areas. The most abundant genus, both in the forest areas and in the growing areas, was Trypoxylon, suggesting that the degree of impact on the Araucaria forest fragments is one of the factors that makes the diversity of these areas similar (in addition to the organic fields) since wasps of this genus usually occur in impacted areas.","PeriodicalId":54409,"journal":{"name":"Tropical Zoology","volume":"30 1","pages":"83 - 96"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2017-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/03946975.2017.1301628","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49146165","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2017-03-31DOI: 10.1080/03946975.2017.1301141
M. E. Bichuette, E. Trajano
We compared the behavior, including spatial distribution, reaction to stimuli, activity phases, and agonistic interactions, as well as diet and reproduction, of the troglobitic Eigenmannia vicentespelaea and that of its epigean relative, E. trilineata, both from São Domingos karst area, central Brazil. We utilized ad libitum underwater observations, complemented by physicochemical water variables, habitat descriptions, and collections of specimens. Differences in behavioral aspects include the absence of cryptobiotic habits and an extended spatial and temporal activity in E. vicentespelaea that were not present in E. trilineata, and the foraging angle, which was approximately 30° in E. vicentespelaea and 90° in E. trilineata. The agonistic behaviors recorded for the troglobitic E. vicentespelaea could be related to the preservation of a character state that is present in its epigean relatives. Eigenmannia vicentespelaea and E. trilineata might be considered benthophagous invertivores, similar to other Eigenmannia electric fishes, with no evidence of seasonality in the volume and diversity of prey items in their stomachs, suggesting that there is a food spectrum common to the two species. Both epigean and troglobitic Eigenmannia fish from Goiás reproduce during the dry season, with no indication of reproductive peaks during this period.
{"title":"Biology and behavior of Eigenmannia vicentespelaea, a troglobitic electric fish from Brazil (Teleostei: Gymnotiformes: Sternopygidae): a comparison to the epigean species, E. trilineata, and the consequences of cave life","authors":"M. E. Bichuette, E. Trajano","doi":"10.1080/03946975.2017.1301141","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/03946975.2017.1301141","url":null,"abstract":"We compared the behavior, including spatial distribution, reaction to stimuli, activity phases, and agonistic interactions, as well as diet and reproduction, of the troglobitic Eigenmannia vicentespelaea and that of its epigean relative, E. trilineata, both from São Domingos karst area, central Brazil. We utilized ad libitum underwater observations, complemented by physicochemical water variables, habitat descriptions, and collections of specimens. Differences in behavioral aspects include the absence of cryptobiotic habits and an extended spatial and temporal activity in E. vicentespelaea that were not present in E. trilineata, and the foraging angle, which was approximately 30° in E. vicentespelaea and 90° in E. trilineata. The agonistic behaviors recorded for the troglobitic E. vicentespelaea could be related to the preservation of a character state that is present in its epigean relatives. Eigenmannia vicentespelaea and E. trilineata might be considered benthophagous invertivores, similar to other Eigenmannia electric fishes, with no evidence of seasonality in the volume and diversity of prey items in their stomachs, suggesting that there is a food spectrum common to the two species. Both epigean and troglobitic Eigenmannia fish from Goiás reproduce during the dry season, with no indication of reproductive peaks during this period.","PeriodicalId":54409,"journal":{"name":"Tropical Zoology","volume":"30 1","pages":"68 - 82"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2017-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/03946975.2017.1301141","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46713100","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2017-02-17DOI: 10.1080/03946975.2017.1278661
D. Loebmann, J. G. R. Giovanelli, A. Mai, Mariana L. Lyra, C. A. Brasileiro, C. Haddad
Physalaemus centralis is distributed over open areas of eastern South America. Herein, we perform an extensive review of occurrence records and propose a potential distribution based on ecological niche modeling. In order to confirm species identification, as well taxonomic status along its distribution, we provide morphological and molecular data from analysed specimens. To reach our goals, we compiled data available in the literature and from scientific collections, as well as unpublished data. We identified records of P. centralis in 123 localities, 86 of those records remain unpublished. Consequently, it is possible to extend its range of distribution to the state of Rondônia, Brazil, and also to the Caatinga formation. The Maxent algorithm provided a model of potential distribution consistent with the distribution proposed here. Results indicate that P. centralis has a large distribution associated to open areas of South America (Cerrado, Caatinga and Pantanal), with no evidence that this is a case of species complex. The multiple approach proposed herein, that combines occurrence data from different sources and molecular data to confirm species identification, provided consistent results. Therefore, we recommend that this framework be used as a protocol to assess species distribution in future studies, especially in the case of widely distributed species.
{"title":"Ecological niche modeling and new distribution records of the central dwarf frog P. centralis Bokermann, 1962 (Anura, Leptodactylidae, Leiuperinae) with comments on its taxonomic status","authors":"D. Loebmann, J. G. R. Giovanelli, A. Mai, Mariana L. Lyra, C. A. Brasileiro, C. Haddad","doi":"10.1080/03946975.2017.1278661","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/03946975.2017.1278661","url":null,"abstract":"Physalaemus centralis is distributed over open areas of eastern South America. Herein, we perform an extensive review of occurrence records and propose a potential distribution based on ecological niche modeling. In order to confirm species identification, as well taxonomic status along its distribution, we provide morphological and molecular data from analysed specimens. To reach our goals, we compiled data available in the literature and from scientific collections, as well as unpublished data. We identified records of P. centralis in 123 localities, 86 of those records remain unpublished. Consequently, it is possible to extend its range of distribution to the state of Rondônia, Brazil, and also to the Caatinga formation. The Maxent algorithm provided a model of potential distribution consistent with the distribution proposed here. Results indicate that P. centralis has a large distribution associated to open areas of South America (Cerrado, Caatinga and Pantanal), with no evidence that this is a case of species complex. The multiple approach proposed herein, that combines occurrence data from different sources and molecular data to confirm species identification, provided consistent results. Therefore, we recommend that this framework be used as a protocol to assess species distribution in future studies, especially in the case of widely distributed species.","PeriodicalId":54409,"journal":{"name":"Tropical Zoology","volume":"30 1","pages":"49 - 67"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2017-02-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/03946975.2017.1278661","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47169343","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2017-01-02DOI: 10.1080/03946975.2016.1237067
M. C. Gómez Lutz, A. I. Kehr
The spatial distribution, temporal variation, and microhabitat preference of two populations of aquatic Coleoptera were analysed in permanent ponds located in the province of Corrientes, Argentina. Samples were collected every 15 days, between October 2010 and October 2011. The dispersion index and distribution models (Poisson Series, positive binomial and negative binomial) were used to evaluate the spatial distribution. For the evaluation of the microhabitat preference we used non-parametric Kruskal–Wallis test and then the Dunn test with the Bonferroni’s correction. In the test of the use of different microhabitats, we used a K proportion test and, when significant, a two proportion Z test was applied between pairs of microhabitats. The species analysed were the hydrophilids Derallus angustus Sharp and Enochrus vulgaris (Steinheil). The results indicate that the spatial distribution of individuals was mostly related to the homogeneity or heterogeneity of the ecosystem. However, when species were analysed individually, the spatial distribution and the use of microhabitat by each of them were different with respect to preference and behaviour. The macrophytes also play a role in the dynamics of these species, as they favour or limit the abundance by modifying the structure thereof.
{"title":"Population parameters of two water scavenger beetles: Derallus angustus Sharp, 1882 and Enochrus vulgaris (Steinheil, 1869) (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae) in permanent ponds: spatial distribution and microhabitat preference","authors":"M. C. Gómez Lutz, A. I. Kehr","doi":"10.1080/03946975.2016.1237067","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/03946975.2016.1237067","url":null,"abstract":"The spatial distribution, temporal variation, and microhabitat preference of two populations of aquatic Coleoptera were analysed in permanent ponds located in the province of Corrientes, Argentina. Samples were collected every 15 days, between October 2010 and October 2011. The dispersion index and distribution models (Poisson Series, positive binomial and negative binomial) were used to evaluate the spatial distribution. For the evaluation of the microhabitat preference we used non-parametric Kruskal–Wallis test and then the Dunn test with the Bonferroni’s correction. In the test of the use of different microhabitats, we used a K proportion test and, when significant, a two proportion Z test was applied between pairs of microhabitats. The species analysed were the hydrophilids Derallus angustus Sharp and Enochrus vulgaris (Steinheil). The results indicate that the spatial distribution of individuals was mostly related to the homogeneity or heterogeneity of the ecosystem. However, when species were analysed individually, the spatial distribution and the use of microhabitat by each of them were different with respect to preference and behaviour. The macrophytes also play a role in the dynamics of these species, as they favour or limit the abundance by modifying the structure thereof.","PeriodicalId":54409,"journal":{"name":"Tropical Zoology","volume":"30 1","pages":"1 - 12"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2017-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/03946975.2016.1237067","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45831843","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2017-01-02DOI: 10.1080/03946975.2017.1278664
P. Sa-ardrit, P. Pholpunthin, H. Segers, D. Fontaneto
This study investigates the influence of limnological parameters that are known to influence rotifer species richness and composition in temperate areas on two families of monogonont rotifers in a tropical area. We analysed species richness and diversity of the two families from 133 samples taken from several habitat types in Thailand. Coordinates, elevation, pH, temperature, conductivity, salinity and dissolved oxygen were measured and their effect on rotifers assessed. A total of 60 species in 5 genera was recorded from the two families. Latitude and temperature had an effect on species richness of Brachionidae. None of the variables affected species richness of Lecanidae, except habitat type, albeit not significantly. Habitat type and conductivity had an effect on species composition of the two families, whereas latitude had an effect only on species composition of Lecanidae. Species richness and composition of the two rotifer families are well documented in Thailand and no or only few additional species are expected. The limnological correlates of rotifer diversity seem to be in part comparable to and in part different from those known from temperate areas, suggesting that there may be general trends in rotifer species richness and composition across different latitudes.
{"title":"The influence of environmental variables on freshwater rotifers of the family Brachionidae and Lecanidae in Thailand","authors":"P. Sa-ardrit, P. Pholpunthin, H. Segers, D. Fontaneto","doi":"10.1080/03946975.2017.1278664","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/03946975.2017.1278664","url":null,"abstract":"This study investigates the influence of limnological parameters that are known to influence rotifer species richness and composition in temperate areas on two families of monogonont rotifers in a tropical area. We analysed species richness and diversity of the two families from 133 samples taken from several habitat types in Thailand. Coordinates, elevation, pH, temperature, conductivity, salinity and dissolved oxygen were measured and their effect on rotifers assessed. A total of 60 species in 5 genera was recorded from the two families. Latitude and temperature had an effect on species richness of Brachionidae. None of the variables affected species richness of Lecanidae, except habitat type, albeit not significantly. Habitat type and conductivity had an effect on species composition of the two families, whereas latitude had an effect only on species composition of Lecanidae. Species richness and composition of the two rotifer families are well documented in Thailand and no or only few additional species are expected. The limnological correlates of rotifer diversity seem to be in part comparable to and in part different from those known from temperate areas, suggesting that there may be general trends in rotifer species richness and composition across different latitudes.","PeriodicalId":54409,"journal":{"name":"Tropical Zoology","volume":"30 1","pages":"28 - 48"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2017-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/03946975.2017.1278664","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41721813","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2017-01-02DOI: 10.1080/03946975.2017.1278662
M. Safaie
This study was conducted to determine the population dynamics of Parapenaeopsis stylifera in the coastal waters of the Persian Gulf. A total of 423 male and 449 female shrimps was collected monthly by a bottom-trawl net, from March 2011 to June 2012. The populations of male and female shrimps were dominated by adult shrimps (CL > 15 mm) from January to May. Whereas, the juvenile shrimps were dominant from June to September and the averages of CPUE uptrend in these periods, too. The carapace length and weight relationship demonstrated that growth in both sexes was allometric. The asymptotic carapace length (CL∞) was estimated at 21 mm for males and 27 mm for females. The growth parameter K was calculated as 1.1 Yr −1 for males and 1.2 Yr −1 for females. The total mortality rate for males was more than for females. And the exploitation rates were 0.58 for males and 0.52 for females. The sex ratio identified that it was not a constant 1:1 throughout the year, with 51.49% females. Kiddy shrimps can spawn all year round and have a spawning peak from February to May. The Lm50 was estimated at 19.03 mm carapace length of female shrimps.
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