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HABITAT USE AND WINTER SITE FIDELITY OF LINCOLN’S SPARROW (MELOSPIZA LINCOLNII) IN THE LOWER RIO GRANDE VALLEY OF TEXAS 德克萨斯州格兰德河谷下游林肯麻雀的生境利用及冬季栖地保真度
Q4 Agricultural and Biological Sciences Pub Date : 2022-01-01 DOI: 10.32011/txjsci_75_1_note3
Timothy Brush, M. H. Conway, Catherine C. Brush
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引用次数: 0
LESSER YELLOW-HEADED VULTURES FEEDING ON OIL PALM (ELAEIS GUINEENSIS) FRUIT 以油棕为食的较小的黄头秃鹫
Q4 Agricultural and Biological Sciences Pub Date : 2022-01-01 DOI: 10.32011/txjsci_75_1_note2
J. C. Eitniear, Jes Christian Bech
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引用次数: 0
CIRCULICHNIS LEOMONTI, A NEW RING-LIKE ICHNOSPECIES (TRACE FOSSIL) FROM THE LATE CAMBRIAN LION MOUNTAIN MEMBER, RILEY FORMATION, BURNET COUNTY, TEXAS CIRCULICHNIS LEOMONTI,一种新的环状化石(痕迹化石),产于德克萨斯州伯内特县利组晚寒武世狮子山成员
Q4 Agricultural and Biological Sciences Pub Date : 2022-01-01 DOI: 10.32011/txjsci_75_1_article1
R. Morgan, K. Juntunen, Ashley Scott, Marion Landreth
Circulichnis is a well-known ichnogenus demonstrating broad stratigraphic and geographic distribution with known habitats spanning from deep-marine to terrestrial environments. Although commonly small in size, a recent discovery in Central Texas demonstrates a much larger early member of this ichnogenus. Compared to previous identifications of Circulichnis, the findings presented herein express a larger trace string width exceeding the average for this ichnogenus. This expansion in morphometric parameters emphasizes the importance of overall dimensions in ichnospecies descriptions in concert with descriptive taxonomy.
Circulichnis是一个著名的属,具有广泛的地层和地理分布,已知的栖息地从深海到陆地环境。虽然体型通常很小,但最近在得克萨斯州中部的一项发现表明,这种伊奇诺根属的早期成员要大得多。与之前对Circulichnis的鉴定相比,本文提出的发现表明,痕迹串宽度更大,超过了该ichnogenus的平均值。形态计量学参数的这种扩展强调了与描述性分类学相结合的单物种描述中整体维度的重要性。
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引用次数: 0
TARDIGRADES IN TEXAS: FIFTH GRADERS COLLABORATE TO ADD THREE NEW RECORDS TO THE STATE 得克萨斯州的缓步动物:五年级学生合作为该州增加三项新纪录
Q4 Agricultural and Biological Sciences Pub Date : 2022-01-01 DOI: 10.32011/txjsci_74_1_article3
Hannah Cotten, W. R. Miller
Tardigrades, or water bears, are resilient microscopic animals found in terrestrial and aquatic habitats. Because tardigrades can be easily found and yet are understudied, fifth graders from Hill Elementary in the Austin Independent School District in Texas collaborated with their teacher and an expert to conduct a biodiversity survey of microscopic animals found in lichens and mosses on their school campus. These ten-year-olds learned to differentiate between tardigrades, rotifers, and nematodes as they collected samples from different habitats. In their first year of study, they observed 520 microscopic animals and found differences in their diversity and distribution patterns. A second study of 14 samples revealed 68 tardigrades from eight identified species, representing two classes, four orders, and five genera. Three of these species have never been recorded from the state of Texas and represent the first records for the state: Viridiscus perviridis (Ramazzotti, 1959), Milnesium cf. alpigenum (Ehrenberg, 1853), and Milnesium cf. brachyungue (Binda & Pilato, 1990). Furthermore, Mil. alpigenum and Mil. brachyungue were previously unknown in North America, thus representing the first records for both species on the continent. This experience demonstrates that students challenged with basic research questions can learn to conduct field research, carry out scientific surveys, collaborate with scientists and discover new knowledge. In this case, students learned to find tardigrades and contributed to our overall understanding of this phylum.
缓步动物,或水熊,是在陆地和水生栖息地发现的适应性强的微观动物。由于缓步动物很容易被发现,但却没有得到充分的研究,德克萨斯州奥斯汀独立学区希尔小学的五年级学生与他们的老师和一位专家合作,对校园里地衣和苔藓中发现的微观动物进行了生物多样性调查。这些10岁的孩子在从不同的栖息地收集样本的过程中学会了区分缓步动物、轮虫和线虫。在第一年的研究中,他们观察了520种微观动物,发现了它们的多样性和分布模式的差异。对14个样本的第二项研究显示,68种缓步动物来自8个已确定的物种,代表2纲4目5属。其中三种从未在德克萨斯州记录过,它们是该州的第一次记录:Viridiscus perviridis (Ramazzotti, 1959)、Milnesium cf. alpigenum (Ehrenberg, 1853)和Milnesium cf. brachyungue (Binda & Pilato, 1990)。此外,milo . alpigenum和milo . brachyungue此前在北美是未知的,因此代表了这两个物种在大陆上的第一次记录。这一经验表明,受到基础研究问题挑战的学生可以学会进行实地研究、开展科学调查、与科学家合作并发现新知识。在这种情况下,学生们学会了寻找缓步动物,并为我们对这一门的全面了解做出了贡献。
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引用次数: 0
THE ANTENNAL MORPHOLOGY IN THE GENUS HYDROTREPHES (HEMIPTERA: HELOTREPHIDAE) 水蚁属的触角形态(半翅目:水蚁科)
Q4 Agricultural and Biological Sciences Pub Date : 2022-01-01 DOI: 10.32011/txjsci_74_1_article2
Joseph D. Yadin, J. Cook
Antennal sensilla are documented for the first time in the family Helotrephidae. Sensilla in Hydrotrephes sp. include three forms of trichoid sensilla and two forms of leaf-like sensilla. Most of the sensilla are located on the apical two thirds of the distal segment. Morphology of the antenna in Helotrephidae appears to be of taxonomic use to define genera and it may be useful to determine relationships between genera within Helotrephidae and between the families Helotrephidae and Pleidae.
触角感受器是首次记录在海螺科。Hydrorephes sp.中的感器包括三种形式的毛状感器和两种形式的叶状感器。大部分感觉器位于远端节段的顶端三分之二。海螺科触角的形态似乎对定义属具有分类学意义,它可能有助于确定海螺科内各属之间以及海螺科和Pleidae科之间的关系。
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引用次数: 0
COUNTY RECORDS AND MAJOR RANGE EXTENSIONS OF VASCULAR PLANTS FROM MILLS AND SAN SABA COUNTIES, TEXAS 得克萨斯州米尔斯县和圣萨巴县维管植物的县记录和主要分布范围
Q4 Agricultural and Biological Sciences Pub Date : 2021-01-31 DOI: 10.32011/txjsci_74_1_note1
A. Nelson, Sarah Brown, T. Cotton, Bethany O’Neal, Kari Waddle, Alejandra Gómez, R. Rosiere
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引用次数: 0
DIET OF EIGHT SPECIES OF LIZARDS FROM GRANITE GAP, HIDALGO COUNTY, NEW MEXICO 新墨西哥州伊达尔戈县花岗岩峡谷中八种蜥蜴的饮食
Q4 Agricultural and Biological Sciences Pub Date : 2021-01-01 DOI: 10.32011/txjsci_73_1_article5
Dawei Han, A. Johnson, Laura Ney, Whitney Oberman, Madison Pugh, Lauren Timper, C. Montgomery, M. Paulissen
Granite Gap is a desert scrub habitat located in the Chihuahuan Desert in southwestern New Mexico about 200 km from the Texas border. In May 2016, we collected specimens of eight lizard species, six of which range into Texas: Callisaurus draconoides, Cophosaurus texanus, Uta stansburiana, Urosaurus ornatus, Gambelia wislizenii, and Aspidoscelis sonorae (a parthenogenetic species), plus two species not found in Texas: Sceloporus clarkii and Aspidoscelis tigris. We analyzed stomach contents of the preserved lizards and computed diet breadth and overlap for each. All lizard species consumed arthropods only. Considering the entire sample, there was a significant correlation between lizard snout-vent length (SVL) and total volume of arthropods consumed, and between lizard SVL and mean volume per prey item, but not between lizard SVL and number of arthropods consumed. This suggests larger lizards did not consume more arthropods than smaller lizards, but they did consume larger ones. Overall, A. sonorae was the most specialized lizard species at Granite Gap whereas C. texanus seemed to be the most generalized owing to its high numeric and high volumetric diet breadth. The dietary overlap data suggest there were two groups of lizards at Granite Gap: one that consumes a large number and volume of termites (Callisaurus, Cophosaurus, and the two species of Aspidoscelis) and the other that consumes a large number and volume of ants (Uta, Urosaurus, small Sceloporus) plus cicadas when lizard size is large enough to consume them (large Sceloporus and Gambelia).
花岗岩峡是一个位于新墨西哥州西南部奇瓦瓦沙漠的沙漠灌木丛栖息地,距离德克萨斯州边境约200公里。2016年5月,我们采集了8种蜥蜴标本,其中6种分布在德克萨斯州,分别是:龙鳞龙(Callisaurus draconoides)、德克萨斯Cophosaurus texanus、Uta stansburiana、ornatus Urosaurus wislizenii、Aspidoscelis sonorae(一种孤雌生殖物种),以及2种在德克萨斯州未发现的物种:clkisceloporus和Aspidoscelis tigris。我们分析了保存下来的蜥蜴的胃内容物,并计算了每只蜥蜴的饮食宽度和重叠。所有种类的蜥蜴只吃节肢动物。从整个样本来看,蜥蜴的口鼻长度(SVL)与被捕食的节肢动物总量、平均每猎物体积之间存在显著相关,但与被捕食的节肢动物数量之间不存在显著相关。这表明较大的蜥蜴并不比较小的蜥蜴消耗更多的节肢动物,但它们确实消耗较大的节肢动物。总体而言,sonorae是花岗岩峡最特化的蜥蜴物种,而C. texanus由于其数量和体积的饮食宽度大,似乎是最普遍的。饮食重叠数据表明,花岗岩峡有两类蜥蜴:一类以大量白蚁为食(卡利龙、Cophosaurus和两种Aspidoscelis),另一类以大量蚂蚁为食(Uta、Urosaurus、小型Sceloporus),当蜥蜴体型足够大时,再加上蝉(大型Sceloporus和Gambelia)。
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引用次数: 1
PRELIMINARY ANALYSIS OF E. COLI GENETIC DIVERSITY IN THE GUADALUPE RIVER: INITIAL APPROACH TO FECAL POLLUTION TRACKING 瓜达卢佩河大肠杆菌遗传多样性的初步分析:粪便污染追踪的初步方法
Q4 Agricultural and Biological Sciences Pub Date : 2021-01-01 DOI: 10.32011/TXJSCI_73_1_ARTICLE1
Samantha Hetherington, Teresa Le Sage Clements, D. Sobolev
Four sites in the Guadalupe River were sampled for coliform bacteria from the winter 2016 through spring 2017 to assess the microbiological pollution situation in the river and to identify pollution sources. Numbers of putative coliforms detected ranged from below detection limits to 260 CFUs per 100 mL. Over the time period sampled, coliform levels exhibited strong seasonality, probably linked to the amount of rainfall prior to the sampling date. Molecular analysis of confirmed E. coli isolates demonstrated that the spike in coliform numbers 03 December 2016 was dominated by only two unique fingerprints, suggesting the possibility of a watershed source for fecal contamination in the urban area. The diversity of E. coli fingerprints was much greater in the rural portion of the river, suggesting a variety of coliform sources, probably including wildlife. Further studies are needed to identify and manage sources of fecal pollution.
从2016年冬季到2017年春季,对瓜达卢佩河的四个地点进行了大肠菌群采样,以评估该河的微生物污染状况并确定污染源。检测到的假定大肠菌群数量从低于检测限到每100毫升260 CFU不等。在采样期间,大肠菌群水平表现出强烈的季节性,可能与采样日期前的降雨量有关。对已确认的大肠杆菌分离株的分子分析表明,2016年12月3日大肠菌群数量的峰值仅由两个独特的指纹主导,这表明城市地区可能存在粪便污染的分水岭来源。河流农村地区大肠杆菌指纹的多样性要大得多,这表明大肠杆菌的来源多种多样,可能包括野生动物。需要进一步的研究来确定和管理粪便污染的来源。
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引用次数: 0
WILDLIFE BEHAVIOR AT CULVERTS IN EAST TEXAS 得克萨斯州东部涵洞的野生动物行为
Q4 Agricultural and Biological Sciences Pub Date : 2021-01-01 DOI: 10.32011/TXJSCI_73_1_NOTE1
Samantha J. Leivers, M. L. Morrison, B. Pierce, Melissa B. Meierhofer
Supplemental material is available for this note online. ––––––––––––––––––––––––– Roadways are frequently associated with negative effects on wildlife, including direct effects such as vehicular fatalities, barriers to transit, removal of vegetation, habitat loss, edge effects, and corridor effects (e.g., Bennet 1991; Seiler 2003; Coffin 2007; Fahrig & Rytwinski 2009; Chen & Koprowski 2019), as well as indirect effects such as vehicle noise and artificial light (Goodwin & Shriver 2011; Shannon et al. 2014; Bliss-Ketchum et al. 2016; Troïanowski et al. 2017). Yet, many species of wildlife occur along roadways (Fahrig & Rytwinski 2009; Sparks & Gates 2012) as roadways can provide some positive benefits. For example, vegetation along roadways can provide refuges (e.g., Ruiz-Capillas et al. 2013) and can support a diversity of small mammals (e.g., Gonzalez-Olimon et al. 2016). Roadways can provide foraging and scavenging substrates and use of structures along roadways such as powerlines and poles provide perches for hunting for birds (Morelli et al. 2014).
本说明的补充材料可在线获取道路经常与对野生动物的负面影响有关,包括直接影响,如车辆死亡、交通障碍、植被移除、栖息地丧失、边缘效应和走廊效应(例如,Bennet 1991;Seiler 2003;Coffin 2007;Fahrig和Rytwinski 2009;Chen和Koprowski 2019),以及间接影响,如车辆噪音和人造光(Goodwin&Shriver 2011;Shannon等人2014;Bliss-Ketchum等人2016;Troïanowski等人2017)。然而,许多野生动物物种出现在道路上(Fahrig&Rytwinski,2009年;Sparks&Gates,2012年),因为道路可以带来一些积极的好处。例如,道路沿线的植被可以提供避难所(例如,Ruiz Capillas等人,2013),并可以支持小型哺乳动物的多样性(例如,Gonzalez-Olimon等人,2016)。道路可以提供觅食和觅食的基质,使用电力线和电线杆等道路沿线的结构可以为鸟类狩猎提供栖息处(Morelli等人,2014)。
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引用次数: 0
INVITED ARTICLE FROM THE 2021 TEXAS ACADEMY OF SCIENCE TEXAS DISTINGUISHED SCIENTIST 来自2021年德克萨斯科学院的受邀文章德克萨斯杰出科学家
Q4 Agricultural and Biological Sciences Pub Date : 2021-01-01 DOI: 10.32011/txjsci_73_1_tds
D. Shaver
Donna Shaver is the Chief of the Division of Sea Turtle Science and Recovery at Padre Island National Seashore and the Texas Coordinator of the U.S. Sea Turtle Stranding and Salvage Network. She received the Lifetime Achievement Award from the International Sea Turtle Society in 2018, the 2013 U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service Endangered Species Recovery Champion Award for Agency Partner in 2014, the Corpus Christi Caller Times 2011 Newsmaker of the Year in 2012, and she was the ABC World News Tonight’s Person of the Week on July 29, 2005. She has studied Texas sea turtles since 1980 and is well known for her leadership role in the recovery of the critically endangered Kemp’s ridley sea turtle. Her studies describing sea turtle migratory and foraging habitat use, as well as nesting and stranding trends, have led to increased protections for sea turtles in Texas and beyond. With over 400 scientific publications and presentations, Shaver is distinguished as one of the top sea turtle biologists in the USA and was named the 2021 Texas Distinguished Scientist at the annual meeting of the Texas Academy of Science. Shaver oversees a variety of sea turtle research and conservation projects conducted in Texas, collaborates with other researchers in the USA and Mexico, and provides training and leadership to hundreds of biologists and volunteers working with sea turtles in Texas.
Donna Shaver是帕德雷岛国家海滨海龟科学与恢复部门的负责人,也是美国海龟搁浅和打捞网络的德克萨斯州协调员。2018年,她获得了国际海龟协会颁发的终身成就奖,2014年获得了2013年美国鱼类和野生动物管理局濒危物种恢复冠军奖机构合作伙伴奖,2012年获得了《科珀斯克里斯蒂来电时报》2011年度新闻制作人奖,2005年7月29日,她被美国广播公司《今夜世界新闻》评为本周风云人物。自1980年以来,她一直在研究得克萨斯州的海龟,并因其在极度濒危的肯普氏脊龟恢复过程中的领导作用而闻名。她的研究描述了海龟迁徙和觅食栖息地的使用,以及筑巢和搁浅的趋势,从而加强了对德克萨斯州及其他地区海龟的保护。凭借400多篇科学出版物和演讲,Shaver被誉为美国顶级海龟生物学家之一,并在德克萨斯州科学院年会上被评为2021年德克萨斯州杰出科学家。Shaver负责监督在得克萨斯州进行的各种海龟研究和保护项目,与美国和墨西哥的其他研究人员合作,并为得克萨斯州数百名从事海龟研究的生物学家和志愿者提供培训和领导。
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引用次数: 0
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The Texas Journal of Science
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