Pub Date : 2021-01-01DOI: 10.32011/txjsci_73_1_article6
J. Stidham, T. Stidham
With its large size and range of habitats, Texas has one of the most diverse insect faunas of the United States with many endemic species. Despite more than a century of active study, knowledge of the insect diversity in Texas remains incomplete. Here, we report 19 species and subspecies records of Mantodea, Orthoptera, and Phasmatodea for the first time in Texas (USA) based on museum specimens. These records include several significant geographic range extensions (from eastern, southern, and western species) such as the phasmid Diapheromera carolina Scudder, the band-winged grasshopper Arphia granulata Saussure, and the mantid Stagmomantis montana Saussure & Zehntner. These records also include the first documentation of Melanoplus torridus (Roberts) and Phaedrotettix gracilis (Bruner) in the United States and the first records of the invasive cricket Velarifictorus micado (Saussure) in Texas. While some of these discoveries only extend known ranges somewhat, others represent disjunct and ecologically different populations.
{"title":"NEW SPECIES RECORDS OF MANTODEA, ORTHOPTERA, AND PHASMATODEA IN THE STATE OF TEXAS (USA)","authors":"J. Stidham, T. Stidham","doi":"10.32011/txjsci_73_1_article6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32011/txjsci_73_1_article6","url":null,"abstract":"With its large size and range of habitats, Texas has one of the most diverse insect faunas of the United States with many endemic species. Despite more than a century of active study, knowledge of the insect diversity in Texas remains incomplete. Here, we report 19 species and subspecies records of Mantodea, Orthoptera, and Phasmatodea for the first time in Texas (USA) based on museum specimens. These records include several significant geographic range extensions (from eastern, southern, and western species) such as the phasmid Diapheromera carolina Scudder, the band-winged grasshopper Arphia granulata Saussure, and the mantid Stagmomantis montana Saussure & Zehntner. These records also include the first documentation of Melanoplus torridus (Roberts) and Phaedrotettix gracilis (Bruner) in the United States and the first records of the invasive cricket Velarifictorus micado (Saussure) in Texas. While some of these discoveries only extend known ranges somewhat, others represent disjunct and ecologically different populations.","PeriodicalId":54431,"journal":{"name":"The Texas Journal of Science","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69517496","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-01-01DOI: 10.32011/TXJSCI_73_1_ARTICLE3
J. Mead, B. Schroeder, Chad Yost
We present new information about the Late Pleistocene Shasta ground sloth (Nothrotheriops shastensis). Spirit Eye Cave in the Sierra Vieja along the Rio Grande provides the newest evidence that the Shasta ground sloth inhabited further south in the mountains of the southwestern Trans-Pecos, Texas, than has been previously documented. The cave is one of only twelve known Nothrotheriops dung localities. During excavation of the cave, packrat middens and sloth dung were discovered. Two areas within the cave provide radiocarbon dated ground sloth dung and packrat midden macrobotanical remains which permit the reconstruction of the sloth diet and local biotic habitat at 30,800 and 12,900 calibrated YBP. The local community at 30,800 calibrated years ago was a pinyon-juniper woodland with yucca, sandpaper bush, globemallow, cactus, and barberry in the understory based on the packrat midden from the cave. The dung contents indicate that the diet of the sloth included C3 and C4 grasses along with Agave. Data for the local vegetation community and sloth diet from 12,900 years ago indicate that during this late glacial time, the region was still a pinyon-juniper woodland but also contained Celtis, Quercus, and Larrea, among other taxa.
{"title":"LATE PLEISTOCENE SHASTA GROUND SLOTH (XENARTHRA) DUNG, DIET, AND ENVIRONMENT FROM THE SIERRA VIEJA, PRESIDIO COUNTY, TEXAS","authors":"J. Mead, B. Schroeder, Chad Yost","doi":"10.32011/TXJSCI_73_1_ARTICLE3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32011/TXJSCI_73_1_ARTICLE3","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 We present new information about the Late Pleistocene Shasta ground sloth (Nothrotheriops shastensis). Spirit Eye Cave in the Sierra Vieja along the Rio Grande provides the newest evidence that the Shasta ground sloth inhabited further south in the mountains of the southwestern Trans-Pecos, Texas, than has been previously documented. The cave is one of only twelve known Nothrotheriops dung localities. During excavation of the cave, packrat middens and sloth dung were discovered. Two areas within the cave provide radiocarbon dated ground sloth dung and packrat midden macrobotanical remains which permit the reconstruction of the sloth diet and local biotic habitat at 30,800 and 12,900 calibrated YBP. The local community at 30,800 calibrated years ago was a pinyon-juniper woodland with yucca, sandpaper bush, globemallow, cactus, and barberry in the understory based on the packrat midden from the cave. The dung contents indicate that the diet of the sloth included C3 and C4 grasses along with Agave. Data for the local vegetation community and sloth diet from 12,900 years ago indicate that during this late glacial time, the region was still a pinyon-juniper woodland but also contained Celtis, Quercus, and Larrea, among other taxa.","PeriodicalId":54431,"journal":{"name":"The Texas Journal of Science","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44663148","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-01-01DOI: 10.32011/TXJSCI_73_1_ARTICLE2
H. Sharma, A. Metta-Magaña, L. Saucedo, Marcela López-Cardoso, K. Pannell
The tetrahedral geometry of organolead(IV) compounds can be readily transformed by using an organic ligand containing a dangling-arm oxygen functionality. The acidity of the Pb center results in so-called secondary bonding between O and Pb thereby pushing the geometry at Pb toward a trigonal bipyramidal (tbp) structure. Replacing a phenyl group by a chlorine atom dramatically enhances this phenomenon. Thus for (o-methoxybenzyl) triphenyllead (4), and (o-methoxybenzyl)diphenyllead chloride (5), the Pb–O internuclear distances are 3.362(4) and 2.845(3) Å, respectively; 83% (4) and 70% (5) of the sum of the van der Waals Pb and O radii. Within the group 14 element congeners the structural analysis of the (o-methoxybenzyl)triphenylE compounds, E = Si, Ge, Sn, and now Pb, demonstrates the relative acidities of E are Si < Ge < Sn < Pb.
{"title":"INTRAMOLECULARLY HYPERCOORDINATED ORGANOLEAD COMPOUNDS: (o-MeOC6H4-CH2)PbPh2R, R = Ph, Cl, WITH Pb–O SECONDARY BONDING","authors":"H. Sharma, A. Metta-Magaña, L. Saucedo, Marcela López-Cardoso, K. Pannell","doi":"10.32011/TXJSCI_73_1_ARTICLE2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32011/TXJSCI_73_1_ARTICLE2","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 The tetrahedral geometry of organolead(IV) compounds can be readily transformed by using an organic ligand containing a dangling-arm oxygen functionality. The acidity of the Pb center results in so-called secondary bonding between O and Pb thereby pushing the geometry at Pb toward a trigonal bipyramidal (tbp) structure. Replacing a phenyl group by a chlorine atom dramatically enhances this phenomenon. Thus for (o-methoxybenzyl) triphenyllead (4), and (o-methoxybenzyl)diphenyllead chloride (5), the Pb–O internuclear distances are 3.362(4) and 2.845(3) Å, respectively; 83% (4) and 70% (5) of the sum of the van der Waals Pb and O radii. Within the group 14 element congeners the structural analysis of the (o-methoxybenzyl)triphenylE compounds, E = Si, Ge, Sn, and now Pb, demonstrates the relative acidities of E are Si < Ge < Sn < Pb.","PeriodicalId":54431,"journal":{"name":"The Texas Journal of Science","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45082218","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-01-01DOI: 10.32011/TXJSCI_73_1_NOTE2
J. C. Eitniear, M. J. Morel
––––––––––––––––––––––––– Predation can have a profound impact on the population dynamics of a species. This impact is even greater in disturbed systems that contain exotic predators or where populations of natural predators are abnormally high. During our studies of waterfowl in Puerto Rico, we became concerned as to the possible impact of introduced rats and mongoose on nesting waterfowl. While previous publications have cited both the black rats (Rattus rattus) and the Javan (small Indian) mongoose (Herpestes auropunctautus) as West Indian whistling-duck (Dendrocygna arborea) egg predators (Birdlife International 2016), we found no published documentation to substantiate this activity. To explore this possible predation, and due to the difficulty of directly observing nests, we used motion detector cameras to monitor artificial nests baited with domesticated chicken (Gallus domesticus) eggs. Recent applications of game cameras include documentation of occurrence of rare species as well as new species records, nest predation studies, behavioral studies and activity budgets (Ellis-Felege & Carroll 2012). The use of artificial eggs in manufactured nests in conjunction with the use of game cameras is also a widely used method (Major & Kendal 1996). This paper reports on the use of this technique at Laguna Cartagena National Wildlife Refuge to determine possible egg predators of nesting West Indian whistling-ducks. West Indian whistling-ducks are endemic to the West Indies and considered “vulnerable” by Birdlife International (2016). While a systematic census has yet to be taken, it is estimated that there are at least 150 individuals on the island of Puerto Rico (Goodman et al. 2018).
––––掠夺会对一个物种的种群动态产生深远影响。这种影响在包含外来捕食者或自然捕食者数量异常多的扰动系统中更大。在我们对波多黎各水禽的研究中，我们开始关注引入的老鼠和猫鼬对筑巢水禽的可能影响。虽然之前的出版物引用了黑鼠（Rattus Rattus）和爪哇（小型印度）猫鼬（Herpestes auropunctatus）作为西印度鸣笛鸭（Dendrocygna arborea）的蛋捕食者（Birdlife International 2016），但我们没有发现任何已发表的文件来证实这一活动。为了探索这种可能的捕食，并且由于很难直接观察巢穴，我们使用运动探测器相机来监测以驯养鸡（Gallus domesticus）蛋为诱饵的人工巢穴。游戏相机的最新应用包括记录稀有物种的出现以及新物种的记录、巢穴捕食研究、行为研究和活动预算（Ellis Felege和Carroll，2012年）。在人造巢穴中使用人造蛋以及使用游戏摄像机也是一种广泛使用的方法（Major&Kendal，1996年）。本文报道了在Laguna Cartagena国家野生动物保护区使用这项技术来确定西印度鸣笛鸭可能的蛋捕食者。西印度群岛吹口哨的鸭子是西印度群岛的特有物种，国际鸟类保护组织认为它“脆弱”（2016）。虽然尚未进行系统的人口普查，但据估计，波多黎各岛上至少有150人（Goodman等人，2018）。
{"title":"PREDATION OF ARTIFICIAL GROUND NESTS AT LAGUNA CARTAGENA NATIONAL WILDLIFE REFUGE, LAJAS, PUERTO RICO","authors":"J. C. Eitniear, M. J. Morel","doi":"10.32011/TXJSCI_73_1_NOTE2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32011/TXJSCI_73_1_NOTE2","url":null,"abstract":"––––––––––––––––––––––––– Predation can have a profound impact on the population dynamics of a species. This impact is even greater in disturbed systems that contain exotic predators or where populations of natural predators are abnormally high. During our studies of waterfowl in Puerto Rico, we became concerned as to the possible impact of introduced rats and mongoose on nesting waterfowl. While previous publications have cited both the black rats (Rattus rattus) and the Javan (small Indian) mongoose (Herpestes auropunctautus) as West Indian whistling-duck (Dendrocygna arborea) egg predators (Birdlife International 2016), we found no published documentation to substantiate this activity. To explore this possible predation, and due to the difficulty of directly observing nests, we used motion detector cameras to monitor artificial nests baited with domesticated chicken (Gallus domesticus) eggs. Recent applications of game cameras include documentation of occurrence of rare species as well as new species records, nest predation studies, behavioral studies and activity budgets (Ellis-Felege & Carroll 2012). The use of artificial eggs in manufactured nests in conjunction with the use of game cameras is also a widely used method (Major & Kendal 1996). This paper reports on the use of this technique at Laguna Cartagena National Wildlife Refuge to determine possible egg predators of nesting West Indian whistling-ducks. West Indian whistling-ducks are endemic to the West Indies and considered “vulnerable” by Birdlife International (2016). While a systematic census has yet to be taken, it is estimated that there are at least 150 individuals on the island of Puerto Rico (Goodman et al. 2018).","PeriodicalId":54431,"journal":{"name":"The Texas Journal of Science","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41826202","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-01-01DOI: 10.32011/TXJSCI_73_1_ARTICLE4
Andrea E. Montalvo, R. Lopez, I. D. Parker, N. Silvy, S. Cooper, R. Feagin
North American porcupines (Erethizon dorsatum) have expanded their range into central Texas and are now frequent users of caves as den sites. What remains unknown is how caves affect their home range, and their local habitat preferences. This information is important for management decisions on Joint Base San Antonio – Camp Bullis where novel and abundant porcupine scat in caves could jeopardize federally endangered cave-obligate arthropods by allowing for the invasion of less specialized terrestrial species. To better understand porcupine home range and habitat use at Camp Bullis, we trapped four porcupines at cave entrances and fitted them with GPS collars. The 95% home range averaged 71.3 ha for females and measured 420.6 ha for the male. The 50% core habitat averaged 55.4 ha for females and measured 7.4 ha for the male. Porcupines typically stayed near the den-cave trap site except when visiting more diverse mixed forest patches. At the landscape and point levels, individuals selected for forested cover and avoided open areas. At the home range level, individuals selected for bare ground and roads, which were likely used to get from the cave den site to feed at mixed forest patches. Typically solitary, individuals in this study tolerated sharing a cave. Because of the small sample size and single sampling location, this study represents a pilot study and additional research is needed to establish concrete conclusions. Should cave managers need to limit the cave use by porcupines, a cave gate, exclosure, or reduction of forested cover would make caves less desirable.
{"title":"HOME RANGE AND HABITAT SELECTION OF CAVE-DWELLING NORTH AMERICAN PORCUPINES (ERETHIZON DORSATUM) IN CENTRAL TEXAS","authors":"Andrea E. Montalvo, R. Lopez, I. D. Parker, N. Silvy, S. Cooper, R. Feagin","doi":"10.32011/TXJSCI_73_1_ARTICLE4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32011/TXJSCI_73_1_ARTICLE4","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 North American porcupines (Erethizon dorsatum) have expanded their range into central Texas and are now frequent users of caves as den sites. What remains unknown is how caves affect their home range, and their local habitat preferences. This information is important for management decisions on Joint Base San Antonio – Camp Bullis where novel and abundant porcupine scat in caves could jeopardize federally endangered cave-obligate arthropods by allowing for the invasion of less specialized terrestrial species. To better understand porcupine home range and habitat use at Camp Bullis, we trapped four porcupines at cave entrances and fitted them with GPS collars. The 95% home range averaged 71.3 ha for females and measured 420.6 ha for the male. The 50% core habitat averaged 55.4 ha for females and measured 7.4 ha for the male. Porcupines typically stayed near the den-cave trap site except when visiting more diverse mixed forest patches. At the landscape and point levels, individuals selected for forested cover and avoided open areas. At the home range level, individuals selected for bare ground and roads, which were likely used to get from the cave den site to feed at mixed forest patches. Typically solitary, individuals in this study tolerated sharing a cave. Because of the small sample size and single sampling location, this study represents a pilot study and additional research is needed to establish concrete conclusions. Should cave managers need to limit the cave use by porcupines, a cave gate, exclosure, or reduction of forested cover would make caves less desirable.","PeriodicalId":54431,"journal":{"name":"The Texas Journal of Science","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45378630","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-06-05DOI: 10.32011/txjsci_72_1_note1
H. Ochoa, C. Timmons, C. Watts, Michael R. Lynn, Víctor Ortiz
{"title":"FULLY AUTOMATED FABRICATION OF TWISTED COILED POLYMER ACTUATORS WITH PARAMETER CONTROL","authors":"H. Ochoa, C. Timmons, C. Watts, Michael R. Lynn, Víctor Ortiz","doi":"10.32011/txjsci_72_1_note1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32011/txjsci_72_1_note1","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":54431,"journal":{"name":"The Texas Journal of Science","volume":"10 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-06-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85484848","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-01-23DOI: 10.32011/txjsci_72_1_article2
R. García, Camila Salcedo, R. C. Laughlin, M. Vélez-Hernández
Abstract Past research has established that Drosophila gut inflammation via the dual oxidase (DUOX) regulatory pathway is induced by exposure to bacterial-derived uracil, which can be secreted by a...
{"title":"EFFECTS OF HIGH URACIL DIET-INDUCED GUT DYSBIOSIS ON COURTSHIP BEHAVIOR IN DROSOPHILA","authors":"R. García, Camila Salcedo, R. C. Laughlin, M. Vélez-Hernández","doi":"10.32011/txjsci_72_1_article2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32011/txjsci_72_1_article2","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Past research has established that Drosophila gut inflammation via the dual oxidase (DUOX) regulatory pathway is induced by exposure to bacterial-derived uracil, which can be secreted by a...","PeriodicalId":54431,"journal":{"name":"The Texas Journal of Science","volume":"27 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78029788","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-01-23DOI: 10.32011/txjsci_72_1_article1
M. Karlin, Harun A. Khan
Abstract Feral pigs are an invasive exotic pest that damage habitat and compete with native species. Trapping feral pigs using a variety of baits or lures is the primary method for eradication, wit...
{"title":"DETERMINING FERAL PIG (SUS SCROFA) ATTRACTANT SELECTION PREFERENCE AND RESPONSE TO MOCK CORRAL TRAPS","authors":"M. Karlin, Harun A. Khan","doi":"10.32011/txjsci_72_1_article1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32011/txjsci_72_1_article1","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Feral pigs are an invasive exotic pest that damage habitat and compete with native species. Trapping feral pigs using a variety of baits or lures is the primary method for eradication, wit...","PeriodicalId":54431,"journal":{"name":"The Texas Journal of Science","volume":"21 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83550082","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-01-23DOI: 10.32011/txjsci_72_1_article3
H. Rathburn, P. Bell, Scott A. Cook, Darrell D. Mayberry, Emryse Geye, R. Goodrich
Abstract trans-Resveratrol (resveratrol) has been shown to have various health benefits. As a consequence, there is an effort to determine plentiful sources of this molecule. Certain plants, such a...
{"title":"A STATISTICAL ANALYSIS OF TRANS-RESVERATROL IN GRAPE CANE FROM TEN VARIETIES OF CULTIVATED WINE GRAPES (VITIS SPP.)","authors":"H. Rathburn, P. Bell, Scott A. Cook, Darrell D. Mayberry, Emryse Geye, R. Goodrich","doi":"10.32011/txjsci_72_1_article3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32011/txjsci_72_1_article3","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract trans-Resveratrol (resveratrol) has been shown to have various health benefits. As a consequence, there is an effort to determine plentiful sources of this molecule. Certain plants, such a...","PeriodicalId":54431,"journal":{"name":"The Texas Journal of Science","volume":"37 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88650293","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-01-01DOI: 10.32011/txjsci_72_1_article10
Z. Olsen
Environmental factors can often have population effects on aquatic organisms, though studies of environmental effects are often specific to a given life stage. Stage-structured demographic models provide a means of exploring the multivariate suite of life history parameters associated with a population and can provide a tool for understanding population-wide impacts of single stage events (e.g., mortality and fecundity). Here, the unique dynamics observed for an isolated population of black drum (Pogonias cromis) and the population-wide impacts of salinity as a driver of young-of-the-year (YOY) survival were investigated. This modeling exercise revealed that the dynamics observed in the black drum population are potentially driven by increased survival in the post-settler/YOY stage and that this increased survival is at least partially a result of the higher salinities that typify the Upper Laguna Madre of Texas, a hypersaline estuary (34% increase in population growth rate across the range of salinity examined). Early maturation in this population was also shown to have the potential to provide infrequent, large pulses of fecundity to the population. Quantifying the population-wide impact of such drivers can place management decisions into the context of the environment and provide both a proof-of-concept for specific management action and realistic expectations for managers and constituents alike. Without such formal quantification, it will be difficult for habitat concepts to move from an abstract management tool to widespread application.
{"title":"QUANTIFYING HABITAT CONCEPTS: POPULATION IMPACTS OF STAGE-SPECIFIC SALINITY RELATIONSHIPS FOR BLACK DRUM (POGONIAS CROMIS) IN THE UPPER LAGUNA MADRE, TEXAS USA","authors":"Z. Olsen","doi":"10.32011/txjsci_72_1_article10","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32011/txjsci_72_1_article10","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Environmental factors can often have population effects on aquatic organisms, though studies of environmental effects are often specific to a given life stage. Stage-structured demographic models provide a means of exploring the multivariate suite of life history parameters associated with a population and can provide a tool for understanding population-wide impacts of single stage events (e.g., mortality and fecundity). Here, the unique dynamics observed for an isolated population of black drum (Pogonias cromis) and the population-wide impacts of salinity as a driver of young-of-the-year (YOY) survival were investigated. This modeling exercise revealed that the dynamics observed in the black drum population are potentially driven by increased survival in the post-settler/YOY stage and that this increased survival is at least partially a result of the higher salinities that typify the Upper Laguna Madre of Texas, a hypersaline estuary (34% increase in population growth rate across the range of salinity examined). Early maturation in this population was also shown to have the potential to provide infrequent, large pulses of fecundity to the population. Quantifying the population-wide impact of such drivers can place management decisions into the context of the environment and provide both a proof-of-concept for specific management action and realistic expectations for managers and constituents alike. Without such formal quantification, it will be difficult for habitat concepts to move from an abstract management tool to widespread application.","PeriodicalId":54431,"journal":{"name":"The Texas Journal of Science","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48913486","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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