Pub Date : 2022-08-30DOI: 10.1080/14772000.2022.2099477
Henry Knauber, Jona R. Silberberg, A. Brandt, T. Riehl
The role of geomorphological features as drivers for benthic deep-sea biodiversity remains poorly understood. By disentangling the putative Haploniscus belyaevi Birstein, 1963a species complex from the abysso-hadal Kuril-Kamchatka Trench (KKT) region in the North-west Pacific Ocean, we aim to shed light on deep-sea differentiation and how it is related to potential bathymetric barriers such as the KKT and the Kuril-Island Ridge (KIR). Our integrative taxonomic approach featured morphological and molecular delimitation methods, also considering the post-marsupial development due to pronounced sexual dimorphism. Mitochondrial 16S and COI markers were sequenced and several molecular species delimitation methods were applied. By combining the different results we were able to delineate six distinct species within the belyaevi complex, including several morphologically cryptic species, and found hints of three additional species groups in the complex. Even though several of these species were distributed across the KKT and/or KIR, limited gene flow and depth-differentiation were indicated supporting previous notions that these geomorphological features play a role in deep-sea benthos speciation.
{"title":"Evolution and biogeography of the Haploniscus belyaevi species complex (Isopoda: Haploniscidae) revealed by means of integrative taxonomy","authors":"Henry Knauber, Jona R. Silberberg, A. Brandt, T. Riehl","doi":"10.1080/14772000.2022.2099477","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/14772000.2022.2099477","url":null,"abstract":"The role of geomorphological features as drivers for benthic deep-sea biodiversity remains poorly understood. By disentangling the putative Haploniscus belyaevi Birstein, 1963a species complex from the abysso-hadal Kuril-Kamchatka Trench (KKT) region in the North-west Pacific Ocean, we aim to shed light on deep-sea differentiation and how it is related to potential bathymetric barriers such as the KKT and the Kuril-Island Ridge (KIR). Our integrative taxonomic approach featured morphological and molecular delimitation methods, also considering the post-marsupial development due to pronounced sexual dimorphism. Mitochondrial 16S and COI markers were sequenced and several molecular species delimitation methods were applied. By combining the different results we were able to delineate six distinct species within the belyaevi complex, including several morphologically cryptic species, and found hints of three additional species groups in the complex. Even though several of these species were distributed across the KKT and/or KIR, limited gene flow and depth-differentiation were indicated supporting previous notions that these geomorphological features play a role in deep-sea benthos speciation.","PeriodicalId":54437,"journal":{"name":"Systematics and Biodiversity","volume":" ","pages":"1 - 27"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2022-08-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46302708","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-08-30DOI: 10.1080/14772000.2022.2099478
Antonio E. Camelo-Júnior, A. W. Ferreira, I. Andrade, S. Mayo, Felipe Nollet, José L. Silva, M. C. Barros, E. Fraga, E. Pessoa
The Trichocentrum cepula complex comprises three species, T. caatingaense, T. cepula and T. sprucei, endemic to tropical forests east of the Andes in South America. The delimitation of these species has been diversely interpreted due to the extensive morphological variation in the complex. We applied an integrative approach to achieve a better understanding of these biological units, using geometric morphometrics, cytogenetic analysis (chromosome counts and CMA/DAPI banding) and molecular phylogenetics (ITS and rpl32-trnL). An initial morphometric analysis using the pre-identified specimens into three taxa suggested that T. sprucei is distinct from the other two, which show some overlap. A subsequent analysis of the labellum, including only T. caatingaense and T. cepula organized in six pseudo-populations, suggested the existence of four morphological groups. All analysed specimens presented 2n = 36 chromosomes, CMA+/DAPI− terminal bands and CMA−/DAPI+ pericentromeric bands, which varied in number across species, localities or even individuals from the same locality. The notable variation in DAPI+ pericentromeric bands may be related to transposable elements that could also be a factor influencing the wide morphological variation in the flowers. In the phylogenetic analysis, the specimens belonging to T. caatingaense formed a strongly supported clade sister to the rest, whereas the specimens belonging to T. cepula and T. sprucei emerged together, with their relationships tending to be determined by geographic proximity. The evidence we generated suggests that treating the Brazilian populations of this species complex under a single name, T. cepula, provides more taxonomic stability and utility, thus the necessary taxonomic changes are implemented.
{"title":"Species delimitation in the Trichocentrum cepula (Oncidiinae, Orchidaceae) complex: a multidisciplinary approach","authors":"Antonio E. Camelo-Júnior, A. W. Ferreira, I. Andrade, S. Mayo, Felipe Nollet, José L. Silva, M. C. Barros, E. Fraga, E. Pessoa","doi":"10.1080/14772000.2022.2099478","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/14772000.2022.2099478","url":null,"abstract":"The Trichocentrum cepula complex comprises three species, T. caatingaense, T. cepula and T. sprucei, endemic to tropical forests east of the Andes in South America. The delimitation of these species has been diversely interpreted due to the extensive morphological variation in the complex. We applied an integrative approach to achieve a better understanding of these biological units, using geometric morphometrics, cytogenetic analysis (chromosome counts and CMA/DAPI banding) and molecular phylogenetics (ITS and rpl32-trnL). An initial morphometric analysis using the pre-identified specimens into three taxa suggested that T. sprucei is distinct from the other two, which show some overlap. A subsequent analysis of the labellum, including only T. caatingaense and T. cepula organized in six pseudo-populations, suggested the existence of four morphological groups. All analysed specimens presented 2n = 36 chromosomes, CMA+/DAPI− terminal bands and CMA−/DAPI+ pericentromeric bands, which varied in number across species, localities or even individuals from the same locality. The notable variation in DAPI+ pericentromeric bands may be related to transposable elements that could also be a factor influencing the wide morphological variation in the flowers. In the phylogenetic analysis, the specimens belonging to T. caatingaense formed a strongly supported clade sister to the rest, whereas the specimens belonging to T. cepula and T. sprucei emerged together, with their relationships tending to be determined by geographic proximity. The evidence we generated suggests that treating the Brazilian populations of this species complex under a single name, T. cepula, provides more taxonomic stability and utility, thus the necessary taxonomic changes are implemented.","PeriodicalId":54437,"journal":{"name":"Systematics and Biodiversity","volume":" ","pages":"1 - 18"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2022-08-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43888883","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-08-30DOI: 10.1080/14772000.2022.2102686
C. Dufresnes, Stephen Mahony, V. Prasad, Rachunliu G. Kamei, Rafaqat Masroor, M. Khan, A. Al-johany, Kumudani Bala Gautam, S. Gupta, L. Borkin, D. Melnikov, J. Rosanov, D. Skorinov, Amaël Borzée, D. Jablonski, S. Litvinchuk
A known haven of amphibian diversity, South Asia is also a hotspot of taxonomic confusions. Vastly distributed from Saudi Arabia to Myanmar, the dicroglossid genus Euphlyctis (“skittering” or “skipper” frogs) is a representative example. Combining phylogenetic analyses with 16S barcoding and genome size variation of 403 frogs from 136 localities, we examined genetic diversity and distributions across the whole range of Euphlyctis, with a particular focus on taxonomic and nomenclatural issues. We recovered two deeply divergent mitochondrial clades totalling ten lineages that we considered as species, and eight could be attributed valid taxonomic names and junior synonyms. The first clade (subgenus Phrynoderma) is confirmed in South India, Bangladesh and Sri Lanka, and comprises six species: E. karaavali, E. hexadactyla, E. aloysii, E. kerala and two undescribed taxa. Five are endemic to the Western Ghats biodiversity hotspot and four of them form the E. aloysii species complex. The second clade (subgenus Euphlyctis) extends across South Asia and neighbouring regions, and comprises four species: E. ehrenbergii, E. jaladhara, and two widespread lineages erroneously called “E. mudigere” and “E. kalasgramensis” in recent literature, while their oldest valid names appear to be E. cyanophlyctis and E. adolfi, respectively. Additional analyses on this pair of taxa highlighted strong phenotypic resemblance, notable intraspecific phylogeographic structure, and an extensive contact zone along the southern slopes of the Himalaya, with putative signs of genetic introgression. Through an independent investigation of the historical literature, we identified overlooked issues and misconceptions regarding the status of many old and recent taxa, and proposed solutions, such as transferring “E. ghoshi” to the genus Limnonectes. Our study illustrates how range-wide genetic barcoding can clarify taxonomic confusions, and we call to solve remaining issues prior to the description of new taxa.
{"title":"Shedding light on taxonomic chaos: Diversity and distribution of South Asian skipper frogs (Anura, Dicroglossidae, Euphlyctis)","authors":"C. Dufresnes, Stephen Mahony, V. Prasad, Rachunliu G. Kamei, Rafaqat Masroor, M. Khan, A. Al-johany, Kumudani Bala Gautam, S. Gupta, L. Borkin, D. Melnikov, J. Rosanov, D. Skorinov, Amaël Borzée, D. Jablonski, S. Litvinchuk","doi":"10.1080/14772000.2022.2102686","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/14772000.2022.2102686","url":null,"abstract":"A known haven of amphibian diversity, South Asia is also a hotspot of taxonomic confusions. Vastly distributed from Saudi Arabia to Myanmar, the dicroglossid genus Euphlyctis (“skittering” or “skipper” frogs) is a representative example. Combining phylogenetic analyses with 16S barcoding and genome size variation of 403 frogs from 136 localities, we examined genetic diversity and distributions across the whole range of Euphlyctis, with a particular focus on taxonomic and nomenclatural issues. We recovered two deeply divergent mitochondrial clades totalling ten lineages that we considered as species, and eight could be attributed valid taxonomic names and junior synonyms. The first clade (subgenus Phrynoderma) is confirmed in South India, Bangladesh and Sri Lanka, and comprises six species: E. karaavali, E. hexadactyla, E. aloysii, E. kerala and two undescribed taxa. Five are endemic to the Western Ghats biodiversity hotspot and four of them form the E. aloysii species complex. The second clade (subgenus Euphlyctis) extends across South Asia and neighbouring regions, and comprises four species: E. ehrenbergii, E. jaladhara, and two widespread lineages erroneously called “E. mudigere” and “E. kalasgramensis” in recent literature, while their oldest valid names appear to be E. cyanophlyctis and E. adolfi, respectively. Additional analyses on this pair of taxa highlighted strong phenotypic resemblance, notable intraspecific phylogeographic structure, and an extensive contact zone along the southern slopes of the Himalaya, with putative signs of genetic introgression. Through an independent investigation of the historical literature, we identified overlooked issues and misconceptions regarding the status of many old and recent taxa, and proposed solutions, such as transferring “E. ghoshi” to the genus Limnonectes. Our study illustrates how range-wide genetic barcoding can clarify taxonomic confusions, and we call to solve remaining issues prior to the description of new taxa.","PeriodicalId":54437,"journal":{"name":"Systematics and Biodiversity","volume":" ","pages":"1 - 25"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2022-08-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43926973","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-08-18DOI: 10.1080/14772000.2022.2092229
P. Williams, E. Françoso, B. Martinet, Michael C. Orr, Zongxin Ren, J. S. Júnior, Chawatat Thanoosing, R. Vandame
A problem for understanding bumblebee biogeography is that if bumblebees dispersed from Asia through North America to South America, if they are poor at long-distance dispersal with establishment over sea, and if the land bridge between North and South America was not established until c. 3 Ma BP, then there is an apparent conflict with the divergence among currently endemic South American lineages having been dated as early as 15–17 Ma. Using the first complete phylogenetic trees for all known and accepted extant species of the groups involved, we show how this conflict could be resolved. We suggest that characterizing bumblebees as being associated generally with temperate flower-rich meadows conflates divergent habitat specializations between two early lineages, associated with northern lowland grasslands and with southern montane grasslands respectively, which may have driven divergences in behaviour and in biogeographic processes. First, for most of the lowland grassland group of bumblebees, estimated dates of divergence are consistent with dispersal to South America via the land-bridge corridor that opened at c. 3 Ma, followed by extant endemic lineages diverging in situ within South America. In contrast, for the second group that occupies montane grassland habitats (and for a few montane lineages of the ‘lowland’ group), we suggest that dispersal to South America at c. 3 Ma could be consistent with older divergence for currently endemic species if: (1) many of the extant South American lineages had already diverged outside the region before 3 Ma in neighbouring Mesoamerica; and (2) they had been constrained within the high mountains there, dispersing southwards into South America only once the isthmus corridor had become established; and (3) some of those ancestral montane lineages had become extirpated from Mesoamerica during subsequent warm climatic fluctuations. This interpretation re-emphasizes that biogeographic studies need to consider habitat-specific dispersal models that change through time.
{"title":"When did bumblebees reach South America? Unexpectedly old montane species may be explained by Mexican stopover (Hymenoptera: Apidae)","authors":"P. Williams, E. Françoso, B. Martinet, Michael C. Orr, Zongxin Ren, J. S. Júnior, Chawatat Thanoosing, R. Vandame","doi":"10.1080/14772000.2022.2092229","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/14772000.2022.2092229","url":null,"abstract":"A problem for understanding bumblebee biogeography is that if bumblebees dispersed from Asia through North America to South America, if they are poor at long-distance dispersal with establishment over sea, and if the land bridge between North and South America was not established until c. 3 Ma BP, then there is an apparent conflict with the divergence among currently endemic South American lineages having been dated as early as 15–17 Ma. Using the first complete phylogenetic trees for all known and accepted extant species of the groups involved, we show how this conflict could be resolved. We suggest that characterizing bumblebees as being associated generally with temperate flower-rich meadows conflates divergent habitat specializations between two early lineages, associated with northern lowland grasslands and with southern montane grasslands respectively, which may have driven divergences in behaviour and in biogeographic processes. First, for most of the lowland grassland group of bumblebees, estimated dates of divergence are consistent with dispersal to South America via the land-bridge corridor that opened at c. 3 Ma, followed by extant endemic lineages diverging in situ within South America. In contrast, for the second group that occupies montane grassland habitats (and for a few montane lineages of the ‘lowland’ group), we suggest that dispersal to South America at c. 3 Ma could be consistent with older divergence for currently endemic species if: (1) many of the extant South American lineages had already diverged outside the region before 3 Ma in neighbouring Mesoamerica; and (2) they had been constrained within the high mountains there, dispersing southwards into South America only once the isthmus corridor had become established; and (3) some of those ancestral montane lineages had become extirpated from Mesoamerica during subsequent warm climatic fluctuations. This interpretation re-emphasizes that biogeographic studies need to consider habitat-specific dispersal models that change through time.","PeriodicalId":54437,"journal":{"name":"Systematics and Biodiversity","volume":"20 1","pages":"1 - 24"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2022-08-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48122383","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-07-26DOI: 10.1080/14772000.2022.2084471
J. Gómez‐Zurita
The monophyletic group of species around Dematochroma pilosa Jolivet, Verma & Mille is identified in this work by combining information from mitochondrial DNA data and morphological features. A series of defining traits diagnosing this species assemblage from its closest phylogenetic relatives, including the genera Thasycles Chapuis and Atrichatus Sharp, is used to argue for its taxonomic separation and propose a new genus, named Dematotrichus gen. nov. Both Dematochroma pilosa and Montrouzierella hispida Jolivet, Verma & Mille are transferred to the new genus as D. pilosus (Jolivet, Verma & Mille) comb. nov. and D. hispidus (Jolivet, Verma & Mille) comb. nov., and 11 new species are described: D. capillaris sp. nov., D. capillosus sp. nov., D. comans sp. nov., D. crinitus sp. nov., D. comatulus sp. nov., D. hirtus sp. nov., D. hirsutus sp. nov., D. horridus sp. nov., D. pubescens sp. nov., D. setosus sp. nov. and D. villosus sp. nov. The work includes an identification key for all the species in the new genus. http://zoobank.org/urn:lsid:zoobank.org:urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:0A3640A2-28B4-4592-9883-0DDB82BE4DB2
{"title":"Integrative systematic revision of a new genus of Eumolpinae (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) endemic to New Caledonia: Dematotrichus gen. nov. and its numerous new hairy species","authors":"J. Gómez‐Zurita","doi":"10.1080/14772000.2022.2084471","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/14772000.2022.2084471","url":null,"abstract":"The monophyletic group of species around Dematochroma pilosa Jolivet, Verma & Mille is identified in this work by combining information from mitochondrial DNA data and morphological features. A series of defining traits diagnosing this species assemblage from its closest phylogenetic relatives, including the genera Thasycles Chapuis and Atrichatus Sharp, is used to argue for its taxonomic separation and propose a new genus, named Dematotrichus gen. nov. Both Dematochroma pilosa and Montrouzierella hispida Jolivet, Verma & Mille are transferred to the new genus as D. pilosus (Jolivet, Verma & Mille) comb. nov. and D. hispidus (Jolivet, Verma & Mille) comb. nov., and 11 new species are described: D. capillaris sp. nov., D. capillosus sp. nov., D. comans sp. nov., D. crinitus sp. nov., D. comatulus sp. nov., D. hirtus sp. nov., D. hirsutus sp. nov., D. horridus sp. nov., D. pubescens sp. nov., D. setosus sp. nov. and D. villosus sp. nov. The work includes an identification key for all the species in the new genus. http://zoobank.org/urn:lsid:zoobank.org:urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:0A3640A2-28B4-4592-9883-0DDB82BE4DB2","PeriodicalId":54437,"journal":{"name":"Systematics and Biodiversity","volume":"20 1","pages":"1 - 29"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2022-07-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43407398","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-07-25DOI: 10.1080/14772000.2022.2090633
C. Goatley, L. Tornabene
The Thalasseleotrididae is a small family of exclusively marine gobioids. They form a sister taxon to the Gobiidae and Oxudercidae and are distinguished from most species in these families by having six branchiostegal rays and a membrane linking the hyoid arch to the first ceratobranchial. Here we use micro-CT informed morphological data and molecular phylogenetics to describe a new genus and species of thalasseleotridid discovered on a tropical oceanic coral reef in the central Coral Sea. Tempestichthys bettyae gen. et sp. nov. is the first tropical thalasseleotridid and differs from other members of the Thalasseleotrididae by having a T-shaped palatine and a distinctive shape and colouration. The three previously described thalasseleotridid species are endemic to temperate coastal waters of southern Australia and New Zealand and are all translucent brown with dorsoventrally compressed heads. However, Tempestichthys bettyae is laterally compressed with a pointed snout and is translucent white with opaque white and crimson red markings and a largely crimson iris. We discuss the unique characters of this new genus, including its distribution, form, colouration and diminutive size, and highlight the potential of there being undescribed diversity in the Thalasseleotrididae. http://zoobank.org/urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:3F584DD6-0B33-4E69-98A7-22D68EE1A1B8
{"title":"Tempestichthys bettyae, a new genus and species of ocean sleeper (Gobiiformes, Thalasseleotrididae) from the central Coral Sea","authors":"C. Goatley, L. Tornabene","doi":"10.1080/14772000.2022.2090633","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/14772000.2022.2090633","url":null,"abstract":"The Thalasseleotrididae is a small family of exclusively marine gobioids. They form a sister taxon to the Gobiidae and Oxudercidae and are distinguished from most species in these families by having six branchiostegal rays and a membrane linking the hyoid arch to the first ceratobranchial. Here we use micro-CT informed morphological data and molecular phylogenetics to describe a new genus and species of thalasseleotridid discovered on a tropical oceanic coral reef in the central Coral Sea. Tempestichthys bettyae gen. et sp. nov. is the first tropical thalasseleotridid and differs from other members of the Thalasseleotrididae by having a T-shaped palatine and a distinctive shape and colouration. The three previously described thalasseleotridid species are endemic to temperate coastal waters of southern Australia and New Zealand and are all translucent brown with dorsoventrally compressed heads. However, Tempestichthys bettyae is laterally compressed with a pointed snout and is translucent white with opaque white and crimson red markings and a largely crimson iris. We discuss the unique characters of this new genus, including its distribution, form, colouration and diminutive size, and highlight the potential of there being undescribed diversity in the Thalasseleotrididae. http://zoobank.org/urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:3F584DD6-0B33-4E69-98A7-22D68EE1A1B8","PeriodicalId":54437,"journal":{"name":"Systematics and Biodiversity","volume":" ","pages":"1 - 15"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2022-07-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46898523","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-07-22DOI: 10.1080/14772000.2022.2089269
T. R. Carvalho, Antoine Fouquet, Mariana L. Lyra, A. Giaretta, C. E. Costa-Campos, M. T. Rodrigues, C. Haddad, S. Ron
The Leptodactylus melanonotus species group is an anuran clade widely distributed in the Neotropics. This clade harbours many species that are difficult to identify because of incomplete taxonomic knowledge, ambiguous species boundaries and distribution. Here we expand the understanding of species diversity of this Leptodactylus clade by analysing mtDNA sequences for over 600 individuals, delimiting Operational Taxonomic Units (OTUs), and updating species identifications and distributions by linking sequences to morphotypes and calls. Also, we review the morphological and acoustic traits traditionally used as diagnostic characters of species within this group. The DNA-based species delimitation analyses yielded 57 OTUs. Given that only 19 taxa are currently recognized as valid species, our results suggest the existence of many unnamed species within the L. melanonotus group. After reassessing morphological traits in the group, we concluded that the combined use of dorsolateral fold, upper lip stripe, and belly colouration is sufficiently informative for species identification in most cases, especially when associated with data on geographic distribution and habitat use. Regarding advertisement calls, the patterns of amplitude and frequency modulation, calling rate, and dominant frequency were also informative for species discrimination. Furthermore, we designate a neotype for L. wagneri, for which we also describe the advertisement call, and make comparisons with congeners of the L. melanonotus group, especially with the partially sympatric L. leptodactyloides. Lastly, we name and describe a new species endemic to the Eastern Guiana Shield. Patterns of distribution and habitat use in the L. melanonotus group revealed that sympatric occurrences are more commonly found among distantly related species, whereas allopatric occurrences correspond to closely related ones. Speciation between closely related species of the group seems to be related to ecological divergence (open vs. forest habitats) in parallel with clear morphological and acoustic differentiation. http://www.zoobank.org/urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:867A8EA9-A8F2-4FA4-8746-A0D9BB2E4286
{"title":"Species diversity and systematics of the Leptodactylus melanonotus group (Anura, Leptodactylidae): review of diagnostic traits and a new species from the Eastern Guiana Shield","authors":"T. R. Carvalho, Antoine Fouquet, Mariana L. Lyra, A. Giaretta, C. E. Costa-Campos, M. T. Rodrigues, C. Haddad, S. Ron","doi":"10.1080/14772000.2022.2089269","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/14772000.2022.2089269","url":null,"abstract":"The Leptodactylus melanonotus species group is an anuran clade widely distributed in the Neotropics. This clade harbours many species that are difficult to identify because of incomplete taxonomic knowledge, ambiguous species boundaries and distribution. Here we expand the understanding of species diversity of this Leptodactylus clade by analysing mtDNA sequences for over 600 individuals, delimiting Operational Taxonomic Units (OTUs), and updating species identifications and distributions by linking sequences to morphotypes and calls. Also, we review the morphological and acoustic traits traditionally used as diagnostic characters of species within this group. The DNA-based species delimitation analyses yielded 57 OTUs. Given that only 19 taxa are currently recognized as valid species, our results suggest the existence of many unnamed species within the L. melanonotus group. After reassessing morphological traits in the group, we concluded that the combined use of dorsolateral fold, upper lip stripe, and belly colouration is sufficiently informative for species identification in most cases, especially when associated with data on geographic distribution and habitat use. Regarding advertisement calls, the patterns of amplitude and frequency modulation, calling rate, and dominant frequency were also informative for species discrimination. Furthermore, we designate a neotype for L. wagneri, for which we also describe the advertisement call, and make comparisons with congeners of the L. melanonotus group, especially with the partially sympatric L. leptodactyloides. Lastly, we name and describe a new species endemic to the Eastern Guiana Shield. Patterns of distribution and habitat use in the L. melanonotus group revealed that sympatric occurrences are more commonly found among distantly related species, whereas allopatric occurrences correspond to closely related ones. Speciation between closely related species of the group seems to be related to ecological divergence (open vs. forest habitats) in parallel with clear morphological and acoustic differentiation. http://www.zoobank.org/urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:867A8EA9-A8F2-4FA4-8746-A0D9BB2E4286","PeriodicalId":54437,"journal":{"name":"Systematics and Biodiversity","volume":"20 1","pages":"1 - 31"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2022-07-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45634480","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-06-28DOI: 10.1080/14772000.2022.2072968
S. S. Moraes, P. E. Gueratto, Jessie Pereira Dos Santos, M. H. Santos, A. Freitas, M. Duarte
Dysschema is the largest genus in Pericopina, with 69 species. The highly polymorphic species D. eurocilia (Cramer, 1777) was recently united in a clade with three other species: D. aorsa (Boisduval, 1870) stat. rev., D. bivittata (Walker, 1854) stat. rev. and D. molesta (Hering, 1925) stat. rev. Typological taxonomic treatment and lack of understanding of geographic distributions contributed to a proliferation of publications and disputed validity of names. We analysed the genital morphology and wing patterns for the four putative species in the ‘D. eurocilia clade’ and estimated the ecological niche using Ecological Niche Modelling (ENM) to clarify taxonomic scenarios, delimit species and infer speciation mechanisms. We also used ENM to understand the distributions of phenotypes of D. eurocilia. The morphological data and ENM suggested an alternative hypothesis to previous taxonomic works on species within the ‘D. eurocilia clade’. The ENM also revealed distribution patterns supporting the northern Andes as a geographic barrier between Central and South America, while the interconnected Andean valleys might represent areas of sympatry. Additionally, the predicted distribution showed that certain phenotypes in D. eurocilia have distribution through the South American diagonal of open formations, which might represent a relictual distribution known as the Pleistocene Arc.
{"title":"Niche modelling and comparative morphology untangle taxonomy of the Dysschema eurocilia clade (Lepidoptera: Erebidae) and reveal a relictual Pleistocene Arc distribution","authors":"S. S. Moraes, P. E. Gueratto, Jessie Pereira Dos Santos, M. H. Santos, A. Freitas, M. Duarte","doi":"10.1080/14772000.2022.2072968","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/14772000.2022.2072968","url":null,"abstract":"Dysschema is the largest genus in Pericopina, with 69 species. The highly polymorphic species D. eurocilia (Cramer, 1777) was recently united in a clade with three other species: D. aorsa (Boisduval, 1870) stat. rev., D. bivittata (Walker, 1854) stat. rev. and D. molesta (Hering, 1925) stat. rev. Typological taxonomic treatment and lack of understanding of geographic distributions contributed to a proliferation of publications and disputed validity of names. We analysed the genital morphology and wing patterns for the four putative species in the ‘D. eurocilia clade’ and estimated the ecological niche using Ecological Niche Modelling (ENM) to clarify taxonomic scenarios, delimit species and infer speciation mechanisms. We also used ENM to understand the distributions of phenotypes of D. eurocilia. The morphological data and ENM suggested an alternative hypothesis to previous taxonomic works on species within the ‘D. eurocilia clade’. The ENM also revealed distribution patterns supporting the northern Andes as a geographic barrier between Central and South America, while the interconnected Andean valleys might represent areas of sympatry. Additionally, the predicted distribution showed that certain phenotypes in D. eurocilia have distribution through the South American diagonal of open formations, which might represent a relictual distribution known as the Pleistocene Arc.","PeriodicalId":54437,"journal":{"name":"Systematics and Biodiversity","volume":"20 1","pages":"1 - 39"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2022-06-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41751965","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-06-21DOI: 10.1080/14772000.2022.2084470
Felipe Camurugi, E. F. Oliveira, G. S. Lima, Ricardo Marques, F. M. Magalhães, G. Colli, D. O. Mesquita, A. A. Garda
Organisms adapted to open environments in South America have recently been used to understand the origins of the high Neotropical biodiversity. In the Caatinga, the largest continuous block of Seasonally Dry Tropical Forest in South America, phylogeographic studies have uncovered the role of historical climate changes and rivers (i.e., the São Francisco River, the largest perennial river in Caatinga), in promoting genetic differentiation and speciation of lizards and amphibians. We used mitochondrial data, demographic analyses, paleodistribution models, and landscape genetic methods to test the effects of spatial distances, historical climate fluctuations, and landscape heterogeneity on the genetic variation of the generalist lizard Tropidurus hispidus in the semi-arid Caatinga in northeastern Brazil. Four haplogroups with moderate geographical structure diverged in the Pleistocene, and exhibited high genetic diversity. Ecological niche models revealed large suitable climatic areas for T. hispidus in the past 790 thousand years, connecting the Caatinga and other regions via a narrow corridor. Part of the genetic differentiation in T. hispidus resulted from spatial distances among populations and isolation by resistance through climatic unsuitability areas in the Last Glacial Maximum (LGM), which probably reduced population connectivity and gene flow. Our findings highlight the role of the historical factors of the Caatinga, through LGM climate, and the generalist condition of species in shaping the genealogical histories of populations. Although the results are based on a single-locus approach, our study is a first step to shed light on the main drivers of the evolutionary history of T. hispidus, in a highly diverse and still poorly studied region.
{"title":"Isolation by distance and past climate resistance shaped the distribution of genealogical lineages of a neotropical lizard","authors":"Felipe Camurugi, E. F. Oliveira, G. S. Lima, Ricardo Marques, F. M. Magalhães, G. Colli, D. O. Mesquita, A. A. Garda","doi":"10.1080/14772000.2022.2084470","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/14772000.2022.2084470","url":null,"abstract":"Organisms adapted to open environments in South America have recently been used to understand the origins of the high Neotropical biodiversity. In the Caatinga, the largest continuous block of Seasonally Dry Tropical Forest in South America, phylogeographic studies have uncovered the role of historical climate changes and rivers (i.e., the São Francisco River, the largest perennial river in Caatinga), in promoting genetic differentiation and speciation of lizards and amphibians. We used mitochondrial data, demographic analyses, paleodistribution models, and landscape genetic methods to test the effects of spatial distances, historical climate fluctuations, and landscape heterogeneity on the genetic variation of the generalist lizard Tropidurus hispidus in the semi-arid Caatinga in northeastern Brazil. Four haplogroups with moderate geographical structure diverged in the Pleistocene, and exhibited high genetic diversity. Ecological niche models revealed large suitable climatic areas for T. hispidus in the past 790 thousand years, connecting the Caatinga and other regions via a narrow corridor. Part of the genetic differentiation in T. hispidus resulted from spatial distances among populations and isolation by resistance through climatic unsuitability areas in the Last Glacial Maximum (LGM), which probably reduced population connectivity and gene flow. Our findings highlight the role of the historical factors of the Caatinga, through LGM climate, and the generalist condition of species in shaping the genealogical histories of populations. Although the results are based on a single-locus approach, our study is a first step to shed light on the main drivers of the evolutionary history of T. hispidus, in a highly diverse and still poorly studied region.","PeriodicalId":54437,"journal":{"name":"Systematics and Biodiversity","volume":" ","pages":"1 - 19"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2022-06-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47226076","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-06-13DOI: 10.1080/14772000.2022.2089268
R. Feitosa, G. P. Camacho, Thiago S. R. Silva, M. Ulysséa, N. Ladino, A. M. Oliveira, E. Albuquerque, F. A. Schmidt, C. Ribas, A. Nogueira, F. Baccaro, A. C. Queiroz, W. Dáttilo, Rogério R. Silva, J. C. Santos, A. Rabello, M. Morini, Y. Quinet, K. Del‐Claro, A. Y. Harada, K. S. Carvalho, T. Sobrinho, A. B. Moraes, A. B. Vargas, H. Torezan‐Silingardi, J. Souza, T. Marques, T. Izzo, D. Lange, Iracenir A. Santos, L. Nahas, L. Paolucci, S. A. Soares, C. B. Costa-Milanez, E. Diehl-Fleig, R. Campos, R. Solar, T. Frizzo, W. DaRocha
Despite the historical efforts to list and organize the taxonomic knowledge about the Brazilian ant fauna, the most diverse in the world, several gaps regarding species distribution data and sampling coverage persist. In an attempt to fill some of these gaps, we here apply a scientometric approach to provide an updated overview of the ants of Brazil based on formal publications on ant diversity in the Brazilian territory. In the last 50 years, ant diversity studies in Brazil revealed 1130 species, corresponding to around 70% of the species known to occur in the country. The Brazilian biomes with the highest number of described species recorded were, respectively, the Amazon Forest (716 species), Atlantic Forest (657 species), Cerrado (389 species), Caatinga (185 species), Pantanal (143 species), and Pampa (86 species). Considering the number and frequency of unidentified species, the genera Azteca, Hypoponera, Pheidole, and Solenopsis represent the main knowledge frontiers regarding taxonomic resolution, with more than 80% of their records associated with morphospecies codes in diversity studies in Brazil. Moreover, around 7.5% of the papers presented inconsistences in their species lists regarding the validity of taxonomic names, and we found studies for which some taxa records are geographically implausible. Besides demonstrating the importance of ecological publications to the ant diversity knowledge in Brazil, our findings highlight a strong sampling bias in ant occurrence data in the country, with species records unevenly distributed across Brazilian biomes. In short, our results constitute valuable information for future projects on ant taxonomy and surveying in Brazilian natural areas.
{"title":"Ants of Brazil: an overview based on 50 years of diversity studies","authors":"R. Feitosa, G. P. Camacho, Thiago S. R. Silva, M. Ulysséa, N. Ladino, A. M. Oliveira, E. Albuquerque, F. A. Schmidt, C. Ribas, A. Nogueira, F. Baccaro, A. C. Queiroz, W. Dáttilo, Rogério R. Silva, J. C. Santos, A. Rabello, M. Morini, Y. Quinet, K. Del‐Claro, A. Y. Harada, K. S. Carvalho, T. Sobrinho, A. B. Moraes, A. B. Vargas, H. Torezan‐Silingardi, J. Souza, T. Marques, T. Izzo, D. Lange, Iracenir A. Santos, L. Nahas, L. Paolucci, S. A. Soares, C. B. Costa-Milanez, E. Diehl-Fleig, R. Campos, R. Solar, T. Frizzo, W. DaRocha","doi":"10.1080/14772000.2022.2089268","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/14772000.2022.2089268","url":null,"abstract":"Despite the historical efforts to list and organize the taxonomic knowledge about the Brazilian ant fauna, the most diverse in the world, several gaps regarding species distribution data and sampling coverage persist. In an attempt to fill some of these gaps, we here apply a scientometric approach to provide an updated overview of the ants of Brazil based on formal publications on ant diversity in the Brazilian territory. In the last 50 years, ant diversity studies in Brazil revealed 1130 species, corresponding to around 70% of the species known to occur in the country. The Brazilian biomes with the highest number of described species recorded were, respectively, the Amazon Forest (716 species), Atlantic Forest (657 species), Cerrado (389 species), Caatinga (185 species), Pantanal (143 species), and Pampa (86 species). Considering the number and frequency of unidentified species, the genera Azteca, Hypoponera, Pheidole, and Solenopsis represent the main knowledge frontiers regarding taxonomic resolution, with more than 80% of their records associated with morphospecies codes in diversity studies in Brazil. Moreover, around 7.5% of the papers presented inconsistences in their species lists regarding the validity of taxonomic names, and we found studies for which some taxa records are geographically implausible. Besides demonstrating the importance of ecological publications to the ant diversity knowledge in Brazil, our findings highlight a strong sampling bias in ant occurrence data in the country, with species records unevenly distributed across Brazilian biomes. In short, our results constitute valuable information for future projects on ant taxonomy and surveying in Brazilian natural areas.","PeriodicalId":54437,"journal":{"name":"Systematics and Biodiversity","volume":"20 1","pages":"1 - 27"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2022-06-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46278940","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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