Guillermo Ferrer, F. Silvetti, Mario Barrientos, Gabriel Saal, Graciela Francavilla
En la región agroalimentaria de Córdoba tiene lugar un proceso de cambio tecnológico-productivo desde el enfoque convencional al agroecológico. Mediante un estudio de caso, se analizaron las particularidades de la trayectoria histórica y la dinámica sociotécnica del proceso de consolidación del marco agroecológico, que se presenta como una alternativa en disputa con el marco tecnológico convencional o químico. Asimismo se identificó la heterogeneidad de los productores agroecológicos y su participación en diferentes redes sociotécnicas. Se concluye que el marco tecnológico agroecológico presenta condiciones favorables para su expansión y está constituido por cinco núcleos de actores vinculados a la investigación, comercialización y capacitación.
{"title":"Análisis del marco tecnológico agroecológico de la región agroalimentaria de Córdoba","authors":"Guillermo Ferrer, F. Silvetti, Mario Barrientos, Gabriel Saal, Graciela Francavilla","doi":"10.24215/16699513e092","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24215/16699513e092","url":null,"abstract":"En la región agroalimentaria de Córdoba tiene lugar un proceso de cambio tecnológico-productivo desde el enfoque convencional al agroecológico. Mediante un estudio de caso, se analizaron las particularidades de la trayectoria histórica y la dinámica sociotécnica del proceso de consolidación del marco agroecológico, que se presenta como una alternativa en disputa con el marco tecnológico convencional o químico. Asimismo se identificó la heterogeneidad de los productores agroecológicos y su participación en diferentes redes sociotécnicas. Se concluye que el marco tecnológico agroecológico presenta condiciones favorables para su expansión y está constituido por cinco núcleos de actores vinculados a la investigación, comercialización y capacitación.","PeriodicalId":54470,"journal":{"name":"Revista De La Facultad De Agronomia De La Universidad Del Zulia","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2022-07-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45695353","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Ramon Cieza, Cecilia Seibane, María May, Guillermina Ferraris, Lorena Mendicino, G. Larranaga
En la última década el enfoque agroecológico ha tomado relevancia en la agenda de los organismos públicos de generación y transferencia de tecnología agropecuaria, en respuesta a los reclamos de la sociedad sobre los efectos del modelo agroindustrial hegemónico sobre el ambiente y la salud de las personas. Sin embargo, no se conoce en qué medida este enfoque ha sido adoptado por los productores. Este trabajo busca conocer cómo la agroecología se ha difundido en los sistemas productivos cercanos a la Universidad Nacional de La Plata. Se trabajó con una metodología cualitativa en base a entrevistas a informantes clave. Identificamos dos territorios, uno de carácter intensivo con predominio de la producción hortícola y otro extensivo basado en la producción ganadera. En las zonas donde predomina la producción hortícola se observó un crecimiento sostenido de la agroecología en los últimos cinco años, influenciado sobre todo por organizaciones de productores que la promueven e instituciones comprometidas con la temática. En estos casos, pese a la diferencia de visiones en las organizaciones de productores, encontramos procesos de conversión a la agroecología comunes en cuanto a motivaciones para el cambio de modelo, prácticas aplicadas, dificultades en el proceso y comercialización por canales diferenciados. Con respecto a los territorios de producción extensiva identificamos un desarrollo menor de la agroecología, circunscripto a unas pocas experiencias, con grandes diferencias entre ellas en cuanto a la pertenencia a organizaciones, objetivos y desarrollo de la propuesta agroecológica.
{"title":"Incorporación del enfoque agroecológico en sistemas productivos de La Plata y territorios de cercanía","authors":"Ramon Cieza, Cecilia Seibane, María May, Guillermina Ferraris, Lorena Mendicino, G. Larranaga","doi":"10.24215/16699513e087","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24215/16699513e087","url":null,"abstract":"En la última década el enfoque agroecológico ha tomado relevancia en la agenda de los organismos públicos de generación y transferencia de tecnología agropecuaria, en respuesta a los reclamos de la sociedad sobre los efectos del modelo agroindustrial hegemónico sobre el ambiente y la salud de las personas. Sin embargo, no se conoce en qué medida este enfoque ha sido adoptado por los productores. Este trabajo busca conocer cómo la agroecología se ha difundido en los sistemas productivos cercanos a la Universidad Nacional de La Plata. Se trabajó con una metodología cualitativa en base a entrevistas a informantes clave. Identificamos dos territorios, uno de carácter intensivo con predominio de la producción hortícola y otro extensivo basado en la producción ganadera. En las zonas donde predomina la producción hortícola se observó un crecimiento sostenido de la agroecología en los últimos cinco años, influenciado sobre todo por organizaciones de productores que la promueven e instituciones comprometidas con la temática. En estos casos, pese a la diferencia de visiones en las organizaciones de productores, encontramos procesos de conversión a la agroecología comunes en cuanto a motivaciones para el cambio de modelo, prácticas aplicadas, dificultades en el proceso y comercialización por canales diferenciados. Con respecto a los territorios de producción extensiva identificamos un desarrollo menor de la agroecología, circunscripto a unas pocas experiencias, con grandes diferencias entre ellas en cuanto a la pertenencia a organizaciones, objetivos y desarrollo de la propuesta agroecológica.","PeriodicalId":54470,"journal":{"name":"Revista De La Facultad De Agronomia De La Universidad Del Zulia","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2022-07-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41973466","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-06-30DOI: 10.47280/revfacagron(luz).v39.n3.02
Maricely Guevara-Sánchez, Karen Guevara-Sánchez, Neiser Quispe-Cubas, M. Valles-Coral, J. Navarro-Cabrera, Lloy Pinedo
The drying process of coffee (Coffea arabica) is important to achieve quality organoleptic characteristics. The objective of the study was to evaluate the effect of drying by means of an electromechanical system based on infrared on sensory quality in special coffees cup. For this, an electromechanical system was designed using infrared emitters that combines electromagnetic radiation with conventional convective heating. 75 coffee samples were collected at three (3) height levels. The samples underwent the traditional drying process and the electromechanical system, to later be evaluated by professional tasters under the SCAA (Specialty Coffee Association of America) scale. The samples dried with infrared at 12% humidity presented a cupping value of 82.93 for cup coffee with a smaller data dispersion than the traditional system that obtained 81.34, in addition the t-test of non-equivalent samples indicates that its value is significantly better (p<0.05). We concluded that the electromechanical system with infrared drying increased the sensory quality of coffee compared to traditional drying.
{"title":"Drying effect by infrared radiation on sensory quality in special coffees (Coffea arabica) cup","authors":"Maricely Guevara-Sánchez, Karen Guevara-Sánchez, Neiser Quispe-Cubas, M. Valles-Coral, J. Navarro-Cabrera, Lloy Pinedo","doi":"10.47280/revfacagron(luz).v39.n3.02","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47280/revfacagron(luz).v39.n3.02","url":null,"abstract":"The drying process of coffee (Coffea arabica) is important to achieve quality organoleptic characteristics. The objective of the study was to evaluate the effect of drying by means of an electromechanical system based on infrared on sensory quality in special coffees cup. For this, an electromechanical system was designed using infrared emitters that combines electromagnetic radiation with conventional convective heating. 75 coffee samples were collected at three (3) height levels. The samples underwent the traditional drying process and the electromechanical system, to later be evaluated by professional tasters under the SCAA (Specialty Coffee Association of America) scale. The samples dried with infrared at 12% humidity presented a cupping value of 82.93 for cup coffee with a smaller data dispersion than the traditional system that obtained 81.34, in addition the t-test of non-equivalent samples indicates that its value is significantly better (p<0.05). We concluded that the electromechanical system with infrared drying increased the sensory quality of coffee compared to traditional drying.","PeriodicalId":54470,"journal":{"name":"Revista De La Facultad De Agronomia De La Universidad Del Zulia","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2022-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75771658","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-06-22DOI: 10.47280/revfacagron(luz).v39.n2.12
B. Sánchez-Toledano, Rubén Góngora-Pérez, M. López-Santiago, V. Cuevas-Reyes
Farmers in Mexico are increasingly interested in higher-value alternatives to commodity production. The direct sales channel is a potentially attractive marketing alternative as it offers higher net income to farmers. However, in Mexico, few farmers use direct sales. The objective of this study, was to estimate the productive breakeven point and the marketing margins of the jalapeño pepper production in order to obtain profitability for the producers of this vegetable in Quintana Roo, Mexico. A sampling for finite populations was carried out, and the sample size was 89 producers. Results showed that a minimum of 10,754.5 kg.ha-1 is required with a rural sale price no less than 5.6 $.kg-1 of jalapeño pepper (equivalent to $0.20), to maintain a profitable and sustainable commercial supply of the crop. Producers sold most of their jalapeño production to wholesalers (58.4%), despite results showed the fact, that direct markets are the most profitable marketing channel for farmers of the area. The gross marketing margin was 74.5%, which indicated that, by each peso paid for jalapeño consumers, 74 cents corresponded to the intermediation process, and 25 cents to the producer. The organization of producers is crucial to increase the quality of the product and for a greater presence in the marketing chain.
{"title":"Productive break-even point and marketing margins of the jalapeño peppers producer\u0000(Capsicum annuum ‘jalapeño’) in Mexico","authors":"B. Sánchez-Toledano, Rubén Góngora-Pérez, M. López-Santiago, V. Cuevas-Reyes","doi":"10.47280/revfacagron(luz).v39.n2.12","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47280/revfacagron(luz).v39.n2.12","url":null,"abstract":"Farmers in Mexico are increasingly interested in higher-value alternatives to commodity production. The direct sales channel is a potentially attractive marketing alternative as it offers higher net income to farmers. However, in Mexico, few farmers use direct sales. The objective of this study, was to estimate the productive breakeven point and the marketing margins of the jalapeño pepper production in order to obtain profitability for the producers of this vegetable in Quintana Roo, Mexico. A sampling for finite populations was carried out, and the sample size was 89 producers. Results showed that a minimum of 10,754.5 kg.ha-1 is required with a rural sale price no less than 5.6 $.kg-1 of jalapeño pepper (equivalent to $0.20), to maintain a profitable and sustainable commercial supply of the crop. Producers sold most of their jalapeño production to wholesalers (58.4%), despite results showed the fact, that direct markets are the most profitable marketing channel for farmers of the area. The gross marketing margin was 74.5%, which indicated that, by each peso paid for jalapeño consumers, 74 cents corresponded to the intermediation process, and 25 cents to the producer. The organization of producers is crucial to increase the quality of the product and for a greater presence in the marketing chain.","PeriodicalId":54470,"journal":{"name":"Revista De La Facultad De Agronomia De La Universidad Del Zulia","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2022-06-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89343553","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-06-21DOI: 10.47280/revfacagron(luz).v39.n2.11
M. Londoño-Gil, L. González-Herrera, A. López-Herrera, Juan Carlos Rincón Flórez
The aim of this work was to identify the effect of some SNPs of the IGF-1 and LEP/ob genes, on the growth in animals of the Blanco Orejinegro creole breed (BON) and to evaluate the relationship of age at first calving (AFC) with the curve trajectory. For this, 1217 phenotypic and 439 genomic records of pure BON bovines were used. The Gompertz, Logistic, Von Bertalanffy and Brody models were evaluated. The individual growth curve parameters were estimated and the effect of SNPs of the IGF-1 and LEP/ob genes on the curve parameters was estimated through a linear model. Finally, the association of the curve parameters and the AFC was analyzed trough a linear model. The model that represented the best fit to the growth trajectory was Brody's. On average, the BON animals presented an adult weight (β0) of 479.9±7.4 kg and a growth rate expressing the daily weight gain as a proportion of the total weight (β2) of 0.002±0.00004. The SNPs rs110654613 (nucleotide change A/G) and rs110959643 (A/G), within the IGF-1 gene, showed a significant effect (p<0.05) on the parameters of the BON cattle growth curve. There were no associations of LEP/ob gene SNPs on the parameters of the BON cattle growth curve. AFC was significantly associated (p<0.05) with the parameters β0 and β2. It is concluded that the use of genomic information for the IGF-1 gene can lead to higher growth rates and earlier.
{"title":"Effect of IGF-1 and LEP/ob SNPs on growth parameters of Blanco Orejinegro cattle","authors":"M. Londoño-Gil, L. González-Herrera, A. López-Herrera, Juan Carlos Rincón Flórez","doi":"10.47280/revfacagron(luz).v39.n2.11","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47280/revfacagron(luz).v39.n2.11","url":null,"abstract":"The aim of this work was to identify the effect of some SNPs of the IGF-1 and LEP/ob genes, on the growth in animals of the Blanco Orejinegro creole breed (BON) and to evaluate the relationship of age at first calving (AFC) with the curve trajectory. For this, 1217 phenotypic and 439 genomic records of pure BON bovines were used. The Gompertz, Logistic, Von Bertalanffy and Brody models were evaluated. The individual growth curve parameters were estimated and the effect of SNPs of the IGF-1 and LEP/ob genes on the curve parameters was estimated through a linear model. Finally, the association of the curve parameters and the AFC was analyzed trough a linear model. The model that represented the best fit to the growth trajectory was Brody's. On average, the BON animals presented an adult weight (β0) of 479.9±7.4 kg and a growth rate expressing the daily weight gain as a proportion of the total weight (β2) of 0.002±0.00004. The SNPs rs110654613 (nucleotide change A/G) and rs110959643 (A/G), within the IGF-1 gene, showed a significant effect (p<0.05) on the parameters of the BON cattle growth curve. There were no associations of LEP/ob gene SNPs on the parameters of the BON cattle growth curve. AFC was significantly associated (p<0.05) with the parameters β0 and β2. It is concluded that the use of genomic information for the IGF-1 gene can lead to higher growth rates and earlier.","PeriodicalId":54470,"journal":{"name":"Revista De La Facultad De Agronomia De La Universidad Del Zulia","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2022-06-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90814354","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-06-14DOI: 10.47280/revfacagron(luz).v39.n2.10
Helen Brito-Campo, María Ayala-Santamaría, Katherin Barros-Escalante, J. Cubillos-Hinojosa, Manuel Pantoja-Guerra, Nelson Valero, Liliana Gómez Gómez
Coal solubilizing bacteria (CSB) are microorganisms to able to bio transformed low rank coal, releasing humified organic matter in the process. On the other hand, these bacterial genera have reported previously as plant growth promoting bacteria. The aim of this work was to assess the Plant Growth Promoting Rhizobacteria (PGPR) capacity of five CSB strains: Bacillus pumilus (CSB05), B. mycoides (CSB25), Microbacterium sp. (CSB3), Acinetobacter sp. (CSB13) and B. amyloliquefaciens (CSB02). For this, the PGPR traits of CSB were evaluated under laboratory conditions: the biological nitrogen fixation capacity, the reduction of acetylene, the synthesis of indole acetic acid (IAA) and the solubilization of phosphates. In a second experiment under plant nursery conditions, PGPR activity of strain CSB05 was evaluated in common bean plants. Under laboratory conditions, it was evidenced that all the evaluated strains produced IAA, solubilized phosphate in a liquid medium, presented atmospheric nitrogen fixation capacity, and only the CSB3 and CSB13 strains reduced acetylene. In the plant nursery experiment, PGPR activity of strain CSB05 was detected in common bean plants, reflected in increases in the height of these plants. These results show that CSB are promising in the PGPR activity, which is interesting to the design of biological products with agricultural and environmental applications, for the management of crops in disturbed soils of the Colombian dry Caribbean.
{"title":"PGPR activity of coal solubilizing bacteria","authors":"Helen Brito-Campo, María Ayala-Santamaría, Katherin Barros-Escalante, J. Cubillos-Hinojosa, Manuel Pantoja-Guerra, Nelson Valero, Liliana Gómez Gómez","doi":"10.47280/revfacagron(luz).v39.n2.10","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47280/revfacagron(luz).v39.n2.10","url":null,"abstract":"Coal solubilizing bacteria (CSB) are microorganisms to able to bio transformed low rank coal, releasing humified organic matter in the process. On the other hand, these bacterial genera have reported previously as plant growth promoting bacteria. The aim of this work was to assess the Plant Growth Promoting Rhizobacteria (PGPR) capacity of five CSB strains: Bacillus pumilus (CSB05), B. mycoides (CSB25), Microbacterium sp. (CSB3), Acinetobacter sp. (CSB13) and B. amyloliquefaciens (CSB02). For this, the PGPR traits of CSB were evaluated under laboratory conditions: the biological nitrogen fixation capacity, the reduction of acetylene, the synthesis of indole acetic acid (IAA) and the solubilization of phosphates. In a second experiment under plant nursery conditions, PGPR activity of strain CSB05 was evaluated in common bean plants. Under laboratory conditions, it was evidenced that all the evaluated strains produced IAA, solubilized phosphate in a liquid medium, presented atmospheric nitrogen fixation capacity, and only the CSB3 and CSB13 strains reduced acetylene. In the plant nursery experiment, PGPR activity of strain CSB05 was detected in common bean plants, reflected in increases in the height of these plants. These results show that CSB are promising in the PGPR activity, which is interesting to the design of biological products with agricultural and environmental applications, for the management of crops in disturbed soils of the Colombian dry Caribbean.","PeriodicalId":54470,"journal":{"name":"Revista De La Facultad De Agronomia De La Universidad Del Zulia","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2022-06-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75856741","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-06-06DOI: 10.47280/revfacagron(luz).v39.n2.08
José Quevedo Guerrero, Maribel Ramírez Villalobos, Elvis A. Portillo Páez, Ivanna Tuz Guncay, Jonathan Zhiminaicela Cabrera, Carlos Quezada Hidalgo
The objective of this work was to determine the content of some chemical and phytochemical characteristics, in seeds of 60 cocoa trees from a collection in southern Ecuador; to identify their potential as biochemical descriptors. Brix degrees (ºBrix), moisture (MO), lipids (LI), total phenols (TP), and antioxidant activity (AA) were determined. Statistical analysis indicated that there was low variability in ºBrix, MO and LI; and high variability in TP and AA. ºBrix was distributed in five classes; MO, LI, and AA in four and TP in three; several trees presented high contents and close to the standards: ºBrix (16-21.34 ºBrix), MO (7-7.90%), LI (50.03- 60.71%), TP (5.05-14.46 mg GAE.g-1) and AA (92.48-275.16 mg TE.g-1). A significant correlation (p<0.01) was found between LI and TP (r=-0.334), and between TP and AA (r=0.802). The TP and AA variables showed a high positive correlation, while LI and TP a low and negative. The accumulated variance was 64.54%, represented by TP and AA. It is concluded that the variability was influenced by the genotype and was high in TP, and AA. TP and AA constituted excellent biochemical descriptors of diversity in cocoa seeds. The trees FCA58, FCA59, FCA48, FCA45, and FCA46 presented the highest values of TP and AA, so they were promising as cultivars, for plant breeding and industry, among others.
{"title":"Chemical and phytochemical characteristics as biochemical descriptors of diversity in cocoa seeds from a collection from southern Ecuador","authors":"José Quevedo Guerrero, Maribel Ramírez Villalobos, Elvis A. Portillo Páez, Ivanna Tuz Guncay, Jonathan Zhiminaicela Cabrera, Carlos Quezada Hidalgo","doi":"10.47280/revfacagron(luz).v39.n2.08","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47280/revfacagron(luz).v39.n2.08","url":null,"abstract":"The objective of this work was to determine the content of some\u0000chemical and phytochemical characteristics, in seeds of 60 cocoa trees from\u0000a collection in southern Ecuador; to identify their potential as biochemical\u0000descriptors. Brix degrees (ºBrix), moisture (MO), lipids (LI), total phenols\u0000(TP), and antioxidant activity (AA) were determined. Statistical analysis\u0000indicated that there was low variability in ºBrix, MO and LI; and high\u0000variability in TP and AA. ºBrix was distributed in five classes; MO, LI,\u0000and AA in four and TP in three; several trees presented high contents and\u0000close to the standards: ºBrix (16-21.34 ºBrix), MO (7-7.90%), LI (50.03-\u000060.71%), TP (5.05-14.46 mg GAE.g-1) and AA (92.48-275.16 mg TE.g-1).\u0000A significant correlation (p<0.01) was found between LI and TP (r=-0.334),\u0000and between TP and AA (r=0.802). The TP and AA variables showed a high\u0000positive correlation, while LI and TP a low and negative. The accumulated\u0000variance was 64.54%, represented by TP and AA. It is concluded that the\u0000variability was influenced by the genotype and was high in TP, and AA. TP\u0000and AA constituted excellent biochemical descriptors of diversity in cocoa\u0000seeds. The trees FCA58, FCA59, FCA48, FCA45, and FCA46 presented the\u0000highest values of TP and AA, so they were promising as cultivars, for plant\u0000breeding and industry, among others.","PeriodicalId":54470,"journal":{"name":"Revista De La Facultad De Agronomia De La Universidad Del Zulia","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2022-06-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89566855","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-05-31DOI: 10.47280/revfacagron(luz).v39.n2.07
Andrés López-Santiago, J. Hernandez-Ortiz, R. Valdivia-Alcalá, M. López-Santiago
Traditionally, agriculture has been the main economic activity of rural communities, however, there are other sources of income that contribute to expenditures on family well-being. Nevertheless, the dynamics of these flows are unknown due to the absence of official statistics for small populations, which makes it difficult to analyze them in relation to poverty. Through an econometric model, the objective was to analyze the transition of income from agricultural production to sources in the service sector and remittances. It was taken as a study case, "Eleodoro Dávila" town from Filomeno Mata municipality, Veracruz, Mexico. Randomly, a questionnaire was applied to 33.33% of the population and an econometric model of expenditures on family well-being was built with data obtained. The dependent variable was expenditures on family well-being, while the independent variables were the diversity of sources of income. In addition, the elasticities of the independent variables were estimated from the econometric model. Primary and secondary activities, subsidies and household transfers were found to contribute to family well-being. In addition, it was found that a 1% increase in income from livestock production generates a 0.05% change in spending on family well-being, while agricultural production generates 0.16%. Trade, international and national remittances generate the greatest effects with 0.81%, 0.71% and 0.48% respectively. The situation that prevailed during 2019-2020 in the study community allows us to conclude that the agricultural sector has lost preponderance as the main source of income.
{"title":"Transition of agricultural income sources in rural economies of Mexico","authors":"Andrés López-Santiago, J. Hernandez-Ortiz, R. Valdivia-Alcalá, M. López-Santiago","doi":"10.47280/revfacagron(luz).v39.n2.07","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47280/revfacagron(luz).v39.n2.07","url":null,"abstract":"Traditionally, agriculture has been the main economic activity of rural communities, however, there are other sources of income that contribute to expenditures on family well-being. Nevertheless, the dynamics of these flows are unknown due to the absence of official statistics for small populations, which makes it difficult to analyze them in relation to poverty. Through an econometric model, the objective was to analyze the transition of income from agricultural production to sources in the service sector and remittances. It was taken as a study case, \"Eleodoro Dávila\" town from Filomeno Mata municipality, Veracruz, Mexico. Randomly, a questionnaire was applied to 33.33% of the population and an econometric model of expenditures on family well-being was built with data obtained. The dependent variable was expenditures on family well-being, while the independent variables were the diversity of sources of income. In addition, the elasticities of the independent variables were estimated from the econometric model. Primary and secondary activities, subsidies and household transfers were found to contribute to family well-being. In addition, it was found that a 1% increase in income from livestock production generates a 0.05% change in spending on family well-being, while agricultural production generates 0.16%. Trade, international and national remittances generate the greatest effects with 0.81%, 0.71% and 0.48% respectively. The situation that prevailed during 2019-2020 in the study community allows us to conclude that the agricultural sector has lost preponderance as the main source of income.","PeriodicalId":54470,"journal":{"name":"Revista De La Facultad De Agronomia De La Universidad Del Zulia","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2022-05-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88405832","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-04-21DOI: 10.47280/revfacagron(luz).v39.n2.06
Roberto Martínez-López, Olga Niz, Maura Díaz-Lezcano, L. Centurión
Although the capacity of plants to store carbon is known, obtaining information about the sequestration potential in the soil and in herbaceous, shrubby and tree biomass in land use systems is essential, even more in landscapes dominated by livestock. The objective was to study the dynamics of carbon storage in three different forage systems in a livestock farm in Concepción, Paraguay. For this, the carbon level was estimated at different soil depths (0-20, 20-40 and 40-60 cm) and in the herbaceous/shrub biomass in three systems (Brachiaria brizantha cv Marandú, Panicum maximum cv Colonial and Leucaena leucocephala consortium with colonial), with an interval of 30 days between the three measurement moments. The results generated from the biomass indicated that the system constituted by the colonial forage consortium with L. leucocephala, presented the highest level of carbon (3.73 t.ha-1), showing a significant difference in relation to the B. brizantha (2.12 t.ha-1; p<0.05). On the other hand, the initial period showed higher carbon concentration (4.55 t.ha-1; p<0.05). Likewise, a higher content was found at a depth of 0-20 cm (20.26 t.ha-1; p<0.05). These results were obtained in a winter process. In this regard, it is important to mention that forage shrubs in systems with pastures constitute a fundamental nutritional resource in winter, in this sense it is recommended to use improved and consortium pasture systems, to increase carbon storage, achieve stable and productive systems, in correspondence with its potentialities.
{"title":"Dynamics of carbon storage in forage systems in a livestock farm in Concepción, Paraguay","authors":"Roberto Martínez-López, Olga Niz, Maura Díaz-Lezcano, L. Centurión","doi":"10.47280/revfacagron(luz).v39.n2.06","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47280/revfacagron(luz).v39.n2.06","url":null,"abstract":"Although the capacity of plants to store carbon is known, obtaining information about the sequestration potential in the soil and in herbaceous, shrubby and tree biomass in land use systems is essential, even more in landscapes dominated by livestock. The objective was to study the dynamics of carbon storage in three different forage systems in a livestock farm in Concepción, Paraguay. For this, the carbon level was estimated at different soil depths (0-20, 20-40 and 40-60 cm) and in the herbaceous/shrub biomass in three systems (Brachiaria brizantha cv Marandú, Panicum maximum cv Colonial and Leucaena leucocephala consortium with colonial), with an interval of 30 days between the three measurement moments. The results generated from the biomass indicated that the system constituted by the colonial forage consortium with L. leucocephala, presented the highest level of carbon (3.73 t.ha-1), showing a significant difference in relation to the B. brizantha (2.12 t.ha-1; p<0.05). On the other hand, the initial period showed higher carbon concentration (4.55 t.ha-1; p<0.05). Likewise, a higher content was found at a depth of 0-20 cm (20.26 t.ha-1; p<0.05). These results were obtained in a winter process. In this regard, it is important to mention that forage shrubs in systems with pastures constitute a fundamental nutritional resource in winter, in this sense it is recommended to use improved and consortium pasture systems, to increase carbon storage, achieve stable and productive systems, in correspondence with its potentialities.","PeriodicalId":54470,"journal":{"name":"Revista De La Facultad De Agronomia De La Universidad Del Zulia","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2022-04-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79795969","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-04-18DOI: 10.47280/revfacagron(luz).v39.n2.05
S. Carrera, Nelson Gutiérrez, J. Girón
The nutritional characteristics of fish products have positioned them as one of the fastest growing food categories worldwide. Additionally, for developing innovative foods, it is crucial to understand the physico-chemical properties of commercial products and to be familiar with the food industry regulations that determine the criteria and specifications for new developments. For this purpose, frequency questionnaires were applied to fish products marketed in the retail sector. Additionally, processed products were selected for analytical determinations of moisture, NaCl content, and water activity. The results showed that 80% of the products are marketed in large supermarkets with 20% in local markets. It was also observed that 79% of the products are of national origin. The highest salt contents on a dry basis (~48%) were determined on smoked salmon and salted-smoked herring samples, while tilapia patties showed the lowest NaCl values on a dry basis ~6%. Within the Colombian market, products with a high degree of processing are imported and they contain higher salt contents. The national product offers low processing levels, being mainly frozen fillets. This opens the possibility for the development of innovative products using local raw materials.
{"title":"Physico-chemical quality of fish products marketed in Colombia","authors":"S. Carrera, Nelson Gutiérrez, J. Girón","doi":"10.47280/revfacagron(luz).v39.n2.05","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47280/revfacagron(luz).v39.n2.05","url":null,"abstract":"The nutritional characteristics of fish products have positioned them as one of the fastest growing food categories worldwide. Additionally, for developing innovative foods, it is crucial to understand the physico-chemical properties of commercial products and to be familiar with the food industry regulations that determine the criteria and specifications for new developments. For this purpose, frequency questionnaires were applied to fish products marketed in the retail sector. Additionally, processed products were selected for analytical determinations of moisture, NaCl content, and water activity. The results showed that 80% of the products are marketed in large supermarkets with 20% in local markets. It was also observed that 79% of the products are of national origin. The highest salt contents on a dry basis (~48%) were determined on smoked salmon and salted-smoked herring samples, while tilapia patties showed the lowest NaCl values on a dry basis ~6%. Within the Colombian market, products with a high degree of processing are imported and they contain higher salt contents. The national product offers low processing levels, being mainly frozen fillets. This opens the possibility for the development of innovative products using local raw materials.","PeriodicalId":54470,"journal":{"name":"Revista De La Facultad De Agronomia De La Universidad Del Zulia","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2022-04-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82827265","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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