Jesica Iannicelli, V. Bugallo, A. Coviella, M. Galli, Oscar Ariel Risso, Susana Costoya, A. Escandón
Achyrocline satureioides (Lam.) DC. es un arbusto originario de América del Sur. Es muy utilizada en la medicina popular, además, por su color y arquitectura, tiene potencial ornamental como planta para decorar parques o jardines. Como la mayoría de las plantas nativas aromáticas-medicinales, sus poblaciones sufren una fuerte erosión genética debido a acciones antrópicas, como la sobreexplotación y el avance de la frontera agrícola o la urbana. Una forma de ayudar a evitar la extinción de poblaciones es comenzar con el proceso de domesticación y mejora de estas especies, para cambiar el paradigma extractivista por el productivo. La obtención de nuevas variedades poliploides es una forma rápida de generar individuos con órganos más grandes y mayor resistencia al estrés, entre otras propiedades que caracterizan a la poliploidía, para utilizarlos directamente o como insumo para un programa de mejoramiento. El objetivo del presente trabajo es obtener y caracterizar individuos poliploides de A. satureioides aplicando colchicina, in vivo, sobre sus yemas laterales.
{"title":"Obtención de un nuevo genotipo de Achylocrine satureioides Lam (Asteraceae) por poliploidización in vivo","authors":"Jesica Iannicelli, V. Bugallo, A. Coviella, M. Galli, Oscar Ariel Risso, Susana Costoya, A. Escandón","doi":"10.24215/16699513e095","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24215/16699513e095","url":null,"abstract":"Achyrocline satureioides (Lam.) DC. es un arbusto originario de América del Sur. Es muy utilizada en la medicina popular, además, por su color y arquitectura, tiene potencial ornamental como planta para decorar parques o jardines. Como la mayoría de las plantas nativas aromáticas-medicinales, sus poblaciones sufren una fuerte erosión genética debido a acciones antrópicas, como la sobreexplotación y el avance de la frontera agrícola o la urbana. Una forma de ayudar a evitar la extinción de poblaciones es comenzar con el proceso de domesticación y mejora de estas especies, para cambiar el paradigma extractivista por el productivo. La obtención de nuevas variedades poliploides es una forma rápida de generar individuos con órganos más grandes y mayor resistencia al estrés, entre otras propiedades que caracterizan a la poliploidía, para utilizarlos directamente o como insumo para un programa de mejoramiento. El objetivo del presente trabajo es obtener y caracterizar individuos poliploides de A. satureioides aplicando colchicina, in vivo, sobre sus yemas laterales.","PeriodicalId":54470,"journal":{"name":"Revista De La Facultad De Agronomia De La Universidad Del Zulia","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2022-11-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48195214","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Lina Rendón Serna, E. Obando, Tatiana Martínez, Paola Zapata
The study of phototrophic organisms is becoming more common due to their high nutritional value and capacity to produce various bioactive compounds with potential use in food, pharmaceutical, nutraceutical, cosmeceutical, and chemical industries. These compounds have nutritional and therapeutic properties such as neuroprotective, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, anticoagulant, hyperlipidemic, immunomodulatory, and immunoregulatory. For this reason, phototrophic organisms are an essential supply for different industries since they can satisfy their current commercial demand while reducing the environmental impact and promoting the bioeconomic development of the country. However, research on these microorganisms is still limited and focused on a limited group of species. This review examines the biotechnological applications of bioactive metabolites produced by several photoautotrophic microbial species from poorly explored environments and their industrial application. As a result, we could determine that there are many little-explored species with a wide variety of bioactive compounds. Moreover, they have potential uses in various industries such as nutraceuticals, cosmeceuticals, and energy. Furthermore, it was concluded that the bioindustry represents a business opportunity and can also be established as a platform for modernization and competitiveness for various country's economic sectors.
{"title":"Photoautotrophic microorganisms with biotechnological potential unexplored","authors":"Lina Rendón Serna, E. Obando, Tatiana Martínez, Paola Zapata","doi":"10.24215/16699513e105","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24215/16699513e105","url":null,"abstract":"The study of phototrophic organisms is becoming more common due to their high nutritional value and capacity to produce various bioactive compounds with potential use in food, pharmaceutical, nutraceutical, cosmeceutical, and chemical industries. These compounds have nutritional and therapeutic properties such as neuroprotective, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, anticoagulant, hyperlipidemic, immunomodulatory, and immunoregulatory. For this reason, phototrophic organisms are an essential supply for different industries since they can satisfy their current commercial demand while reducing the environmental impact and promoting the bioeconomic development of the country. However, research on these microorganisms is still limited and focused on a limited group of species. This review examines the biotechnological applications of bioactive metabolites produced by several photoautotrophic microbial species from poorly explored environments and their industrial application. As a result, we could determine that there are many little-explored species with a wide variety of bioactive compounds. Moreover, they have potential uses in various industries such as nutraceuticals, cosmeceuticals, and energy. Furthermore, it was concluded that the bioindustry represents a business opportunity and can also be established as a platform for modernization and competitiveness for various country's economic sectors.","PeriodicalId":54470,"journal":{"name":"Revista De La Facultad De Agronomia De La Universidad Del Zulia","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2022-11-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41387178","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
D. Dalzotto, Micaela Espíndola, Fany Zubillaga, Lucrecia Piñuel, P. Boeri
Actualmente, se ha identificado la necesidad de emprender acciones que faciliten la conservación de la biodiversidad y la recuperación de áreas degradadas, al mismo tiempo que se promueva el desarrollo sostenible. El cultivo de tejidos vegetales in vitro (CTV), permite producir un gran número de individuos, en tiempo y espacios reducidos. A través de la técnica de semillas sintéticas (SS), el CTV posibilita la propagación y conservación ex situ de recursos fitogenéticos. El monte negro (Bougainvillea spinosa (Cav.) Heimerl.), es una especie del monte, nativa de Argentina. Se evaluó la propagación de B. spinosa a través del CTV, para contribuir a su conservación y uso sustentable. Se estudió la germinación in vitro de las semillas, la expresión morfogénica de explantes juveniles y el almacenamiento de SS de esta especie. Se alcanzó una germinación de 98,67% y los parámetros germinativos evaluados fueron comparables a los de otras especies (Energía germinativa:61,33%; tiempo medio de germinación:1,79 días; índice de vigor:76,80). La formación de callo fue la respuesta morfogénica más frecuente, aún en medios libres de reguladores de crecimiento y sólo se logró un 10% de enraizamiento en medios suplementado con IBA 5mg/l. Por otra parte, se logró la conversión de las SS luego del almacenamiento en frío (13,33%). Se obtuvo, por primera vez, una metodología de germinación in vitro eficiente, que permitió establecer los primeros avances en CTV y en la aplicación de SS de B. spinosa para el desarrollo de nuevos protocolos de propagación y conservación ex situ de la especie.
{"title":"Propagación y conservación de “monte negro” (Bougainvillea spinosa (cav.) heimerl.) a través del cultivo de tejidos vegetales","authors":"D. Dalzotto, Micaela Espíndola, Fany Zubillaga, Lucrecia Piñuel, P. Boeri","doi":"10.24215/16699513e096","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24215/16699513e096","url":null,"abstract":"Actualmente, se ha identificado la necesidad de emprender acciones que faciliten la conservación de la biodiversidad y la recuperación de áreas degradadas, al mismo tiempo que se promueva el desarrollo sostenible. El cultivo de tejidos vegetales in vitro (CTV), permite producir un gran número de individuos, en tiempo y espacios reducidos. A través de la técnica de semillas sintéticas (SS), el CTV posibilita la propagación y conservación ex situ de recursos fitogenéticos. El monte negro (Bougainvillea spinosa (Cav.) Heimerl.), es una especie del monte, nativa de Argentina. Se evaluó la propagación de B. spinosa a través del CTV, para contribuir a su conservación y uso sustentable. Se estudió la germinación in vitro de las semillas, la expresión morfogénica de explantes juveniles y el almacenamiento de SS de esta especie. Se alcanzó una germinación de 98,67% y los parámetros germinativos evaluados fueron comparables a los de otras especies (Energía germinativa:61,33%; tiempo medio de germinación:1,79 días; índice de vigor:76,80). La formación de callo fue la respuesta morfogénica más frecuente, aún en medios libres de reguladores de crecimiento y sólo se logró un 10% de enraizamiento en medios suplementado con IBA 5mg/l. Por otra parte, se logró la conversión de las SS luego del almacenamiento en frío (13,33%). Se obtuvo, por primera vez, una metodología de germinación in vitro eficiente, que permitió establecer los primeros avances en CTV y en la aplicación de SS de B. spinosa para el desarrollo de nuevos protocolos de propagación y conservación ex situ de la especie.","PeriodicalId":54470,"journal":{"name":"Revista De La Facultad De Agronomia De La Universidad Del Zulia","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2022-11-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49530729","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Marina Adema, B. Villarreal, Christian Weber, S. Galarco, S. Sharry
El género Salix (sauces y mimbres) tiene una amplia distribución en el mundo. Salix humboldtiana Willd. (sauce criollo) es la única especie nativa de América del Sur, cuyo hábitat natural se extiende desde México y Centroamérica hasta el sur, en el río Chubut en Argentina, cubriendo las riberas de ríos y arroyos. Los sauces son de crecimiento rápido, de fácil propagación vegetativa, suministran una amplia gama de productos madereros, no madereros y servicios, desempeñando un papel importante en la fitorremediación de tierras degradadas, la rehabilitación de ecosistemas frágiles y la restauración del paisaje forestal. Esta capacidad fitorremediadora podría ser utilizada para la recuperación de suelos contaminados. Si se demuestra que S. humboldtiana tienen la capacidad de remediar suelos, podría utilizarse para la repoblación de zonas polutadas. Es importante, además, contar con una estrategia de propagación vegetativa que permita disponer de plantas para restauración o fitorremediacion. Por lo tanto, los objetivos de este trabajo fueron: ajustar técnicas de propagación vegetativa (macro y micro) de S. humboldtiana y evaluar el potencial de los individuos propagados para la extracción de metales pesados. Se logró la macropropagación por estacas y la micropropagación de S. humboldtiana. Los ensayos realizados demuestran el potencial de sauce criollo para la eliminación de los iones cobre de soluciones acuosas.
{"title":"Propagación vegetativa (macro y micro) y evaluación de la capacidad de remoción de iones Cu+2 de Salix humboldtiana Willd (sauce criollo)","authors":"Marina Adema, B. Villarreal, Christian Weber, S. Galarco, S. Sharry","doi":"10.24215/16699513e104","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24215/16699513e104","url":null,"abstract":"El género Salix (sauces y mimbres) tiene una amplia distribución en el mundo. Salix humboldtiana Willd. (sauce criollo) es la única especie nativa de América del Sur, cuyo hábitat natural se extiende desde México y Centroamérica hasta el sur, en el río Chubut en Argentina, cubriendo las riberas de ríos y arroyos. Los sauces son de crecimiento rápido, de fácil propagación vegetativa, suministran una amplia gama de productos madereros, no madereros y servicios, desempeñando un papel importante en la fitorremediación de tierras degradadas, la rehabilitación de ecosistemas frágiles y la restauración del paisaje forestal. Esta capacidad fitorremediadora podría ser utilizada para la recuperación de suelos contaminados. Si se demuestra que S. humboldtiana tienen la capacidad de remediar suelos, podría utilizarse para la repoblación de zonas polutadas. Es importante, además, contar con una estrategia de propagación vegetativa que permita disponer de plantas para restauración o fitorremediacion. Por lo tanto, los objetivos de este trabajo fueron: ajustar técnicas de propagación vegetativa (macro y micro) de S. humboldtiana y evaluar el potencial de los individuos propagados para la extracción de metales pesados. Se logró la macropropagación por estacas y la micropropagación de S. humboldtiana. Los ensayos realizados demuestran el potencial de sauce criollo para la eliminación de los iones cobre de soluciones acuosas.","PeriodicalId":54470,"journal":{"name":"Revista De La Facultad De Agronomia De La Universidad Del Zulia","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2022-11-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48296328","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-11-25DOI: 10.47280/revfacagron(luz).v39.n4.09
Exio Chaparro-Martínez, L. Useche-Castro, Felipe Rumbaut-León, Eneida Quindemil-Torrijo
The Revista de la Facultad de Agronomía de la Universidad del Zulia (LUZ), is a publication of the Instituto de Investigaciones Agronómicas de la Facultad de Agronomía, (LUZ) Venezuela. The digital content of the journal is hosted on the web site https://produccioncientificaluz.org/index.php/agronomia and is indexed in national and international databases. The objective of this research is to analyze the editorial management of the Revista de la Facultad de Agronomía (LUZ) in the period 2011 to 2021 through a bibliometric analysis of authorship, production, and collaboration, emphasizing the identification of the main research topics, their relationship and the components that integrate them. A descriptive, longitudinal, retrospective study of trend (analyzes changes over time) was carried out using quantitative techniques. It is based on the theoretical and methodological framework provided by information metric studies. Searches were carried out in the Scopus database. Several computer programs were used for data processing: VOSviewer, bibliometrix and Publish or Perish. The journal has a total of 442 original papers, from 2010 to 2021, with a total of 1375 authors, with an average production for the period of 40 articles per year and an average of 4.43 authors per article.
《学院回顾Agronomía苏利亚大学(LUZ)》是委内瑞拉调查研究所Agronómicas la faculty de Agronomía (LUZ)的出版物。期刊的数字内容存放在https://produccioncientificaluz.org/index.php/agronomia网站上，并在国家和国际数据库中编入索引。本研究的目的是通过对作者、生产和合作进行文献计量分析，分析2011年至2021年期间《大学学报Agronomía》(LUZ)的编辑管理，强调确定主要研究课题、它们之间的关系以及将它们整合在一起的组成部分。使用定量技术进行了描述性、纵向、回顾性的趋势研究(分析随时间的变化)。它基于信息度量学研究提供的理论和方法框架。在Scopus数据库中进行了搜索。几个计算机程序用于数据处理:VOSviewer, bibliometrix和Publish or Perish。本刊共有原创论文442篇，2010 - 2021年共1375位作者，年平均产出40篇，平均每篇4.43位作者。
{"title":"Metric analysis of the Revista de la Facultad de Agronomía de la Universidad del Zulia (2011-2021)","authors":"Exio Chaparro-Martínez, L. Useche-Castro, Felipe Rumbaut-León, Eneida Quindemil-Torrijo","doi":"10.47280/revfacagron(luz).v39.n4.09","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47280/revfacagron(luz).v39.n4.09","url":null,"abstract":"The Revista de la Facultad de Agronomía de la Universidad del Zulia (LUZ), is a publication of the Instituto de Investigaciones Agronómicas de la Facultad de Agronomía, (LUZ) Venezuela. The digital content of the journal is hosted on the web site https://produccioncientificaluz.org/index.php/agronomia and is indexed in national and international databases. The objective of this research is to analyze the editorial management of the Revista de la Facultad de Agronomía (LUZ) in the period 2011 to 2021 through a bibliometric analysis of authorship, production, and collaboration, emphasizing the identification of the main research topics, their relationship and the components that integrate them. A descriptive, longitudinal, retrospective study of trend (analyzes changes over time) was carried out using quantitative techniques. It is based on the theoretical and methodological framework provided by information metric studies. Searches were carried out in the Scopus database. Several computer programs were used for data processing: VOSviewer, bibliometrix and Publish or Perish. The journal has a total of 442 original papers, from 2010 to 2021, with a total of 1375 authors, with an average production for the period of 40 articles per year and an average of 4.43 authors per article.","PeriodicalId":54470,"journal":{"name":"Revista De La Facultad De Agronomia De La Universidad Del Zulia","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2022-11-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"72495845","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-11-24DOI: 10.47280/revfacagron(luz).v39.n4.07
Juan Urdánigo, Karla Pérez, Elian Intriago, Gabriela Arriaga, Solange Zambrano, Oscar Prieto
Agricultural activities produce changes in the margins of the stream banks, causing disturbances in water quality, and in the assemblage of aquatic insect communities. The objective of this research is to evaluate the changes in the structure and composition of the aquatic macroinvertebrate community, and physicochemical variables in relation to the land use of the Guapara river, Cotopaxi province, Ecuador. Samplings were conducted during the rainy season (December to February 2018-2019) in three streams with different riparian cover: agricultural, native forest, and forest plantations, where samples of aquatic insects and physicochemical parameters were collected in situ. A total of 461 aquatic insects corresponding to 7 orders and 25 families were collected. In general, the highest abundance in order and family was presented by Ephemeroptera with 34 %, and Leptophlebiidae with 21 % respectively. According to the Ephemeroptera, Plecoptera Trichoptera (EPT) index, the highest ecological condition was found in streams with native forest cover, and forest plantations respectively, and decreased in the stream with agricultural cover; while BMWP-Cr indicated water contamination in the three streams. Hydrobiosidae (Trichoptera) were associated with high turbidity values; while Gerridae (Hemiptera) were associated with high dissolved oxygen concentrations; in addition, Ptilodactylidae (Coleoptera) preferred the Q1-CA, and Q3-CF conditions, while Leptophlebiidae (Ephemeroptera) were associated with the stream of native forest. A negative influence of agricultural activity on the physicochemical parameters of the water and on the structure of the aquatic insect community assemblage was evidenced.
{"title":"Bioindicators of water quality with different riparian cover in the Guapara micro watershed,\u0000Ecuador","authors":"Juan Urdánigo, Karla Pérez, Elian Intriago, Gabriela Arriaga, Solange Zambrano, Oscar Prieto","doi":"10.47280/revfacagron(luz).v39.n4.07","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47280/revfacagron(luz).v39.n4.07","url":null,"abstract":"Agricultural activities produce changes in the margins of the stream banks, causing disturbances in water quality, and in the assemblage of aquatic insect communities. The objective of this research is to evaluate the changes in the structure and composition of the aquatic macroinvertebrate community, and physicochemical variables in relation to the land use of the Guapara river, Cotopaxi province, Ecuador. Samplings were conducted during the rainy season (December to February 2018-2019) in three streams with different riparian cover: agricultural, native forest, and forest plantations, where samples of aquatic insects and physicochemical parameters were collected in situ. A total of 461 aquatic insects corresponding to 7 orders and 25 families were collected. In general, the highest abundance in order and family was presented by Ephemeroptera with 34 %, and Leptophlebiidae with 21 % respectively. According to the Ephemeroptera, Plecoptera Trichoptera (EPT) index, the highest ecological condition was found in streams with native forest cover, and forest plantations respectively, and decreased in the stream with agricultural cover; while BMWP-Cr indicated water contamination in the three streams. Hydrobiosidae (Trichoptera) were associated with high turbidity values; while Gerridae (Hemiptera) were associated with high dissolved oxygen concentrations; in addition, Ptilodactylidae (Coleoptera) preferred the Q1-CA, and Q3-CF conditions, while Leptophlebiidae (Ephemeroptera) were associated with the stream of native forest. A negative influence of agricultural activity on the physicochemical parameters of the water and on the structure of the aquatic insect community assemblage was evidenced.","PeriodicalId":54470,"journal":{"name":"Revista De La Facultad De Agronomia De La Universidad Del Zulia","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2022-11-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80011357","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-11-24DOI: 10.47280/revfacagron(luz).v39.n4.08
Yuneisy Agüero-Fernández, B. Murillo-Amador, J. Mazón‐Suástegui, A. Nieto-Garibay, Carlos Michel Ojeda-Silvera, Daulemys Batista-Sánchez
Basil (Ocimum basilicum L.) is a medicinal and aromatic plant of commercial interest; it can be grown in salinized soils by applying a stress mitigator. The objective was to evaluate the biochemical response of two basil varieties inoculated with AMF Rhizophagus fasciculatus and appraise its usefulness as a NaCl-stress mitigator. A completely randomized design with a factorial arrangement, four replicates per treatment and four plants per replicate was used. Three factors were considered, (1) two basil varieties (Napoletano and Nufar); (2) three NaCl concentrations (0, 50 and 100 mM); and (3) R. fasciculatus inoculum absence or presence (0 and 10 g). The variables evaluated were a substrate chemical analysis; shoot (STP) and root (RTP) total protein content; shoot (SP) and root (RP) proline content; shoot (SGA) and root (RGA) glutathione peroxidase activity; spore count and colonization. The spore content was 50 to 70 spores per gram of inoculum. The STP and RTP were highest in both varieties in 0 mM with AMF and decreased in Napoletano in 100 mM. The SP and RP were highest in Nufar in 50 and 100 mM with AMF and lowest in Napoletano in 0 and 50 with AMF. The SGA and RGA were highest in Napoletano in 50 and 100 mM with AMF. The colonization was high; however, decreased as NaCl increased. These results suggest that inoculation with AMF has a positive effect to mitigate NaCl-stress and a biochemical benefit for basil plants.
{"title":"Biochemical response of Ocimum basilicum L. inoculated with Rhizophagus fasciculatus as a NaCl-stress mitigator","authors":"Yuneisy Agüero-Fernández, B. Murillo-Amador, J. Mazón‐Suástegui, A. Nieto-Garibay, Carlos Michel Ojeda-Silvera, Daulemys Batista-Sánchez","doi":"10.47280/revfacagron(luz).v39.n4.08","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47280/revfacagron(luz).v39.n4.08","url":null,"abstract":"Basil (Ocimum basilicum L.) is a medicinal and aromatic plant of commercial interest; it can be grown in salinized soils by applying a stress mitigator. The objective was to evaluate the biochemical response of two basil varieties inoculated with AMF Rhizophagus fasciculatus and appraise its usefulness as a NaCl-stress mitigator. A completely randomized design with a factorial arrangement, four replicates per treatment and four plants per replicate was used. Three factors were considered, (1) two basil varieties (Napoletano and Nufar); (2) three NaCl concentrations (0, 50 and 100 mM); and (3) R. fasciculatus inoculum absence or presence (0 and 10 g). The variables evaluated were a substrate chemical analysis; shoot (STP) and root (RTP) total protein content; shoot (SP) and root (RP) proline content; shoot (SGA) and root (RGA) glutathione peroxidase activity; spore count and colonization. The spore content was 50 to 70 spores per gram of inoculum. The STP and RTP were highest in both varieties in 0 mM with AMF and decreased in Napoletano in 100 mM. The SP and RP were highest in Nufar in 50 and 100 mM with AMF and lowest in Napoletano in 0 and 50 with AMF. The SGA and RGA were highest in Napoletano in 50 and 100 mM with AMF. The colonization was high; however, decreased as NaCl increased. These results suggest that inoculation with AMF has a positive effect to mitigate NaCl-stress and a biochemical benefit for basil plants.","PeriodicalId":54470,"journal":{"name":"Revista De La Facultad De Agronomia De La Universidad Del Zulia","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2022-11-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85464875","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-11-15DOI: 10.47280/revfacagron(luz).v39.n4.06
M. Molina, M. Mazón
Cocoa is a strategic resource because it hosts high biodiversity, and it is a reliable source of foreign exchange. In Venezuela, fungi and red squirrels mainly affect its productivity. The objective was to evaluate the influence of the cocoa crop structure on the level of damage caused by red squirrels on the pods. The vegetation structure was defined in 15 farms assessing the cocoa tree biomass, the magnitude of shade tree cover, number of associated crops, presence of alternative fruit trees, and the type of ecological succession present in the surrounding. The % of damage was calculated, and nonparametric tests were used to process data. The damage was higher in crops with less shade cover, a more abundant number of associated crops, and alternative fruit trees. Squirrels used the cocoa pods opportunistically but preferred other fruits. It is concluded that pods can be a complementary food for squirrels to the extent that the cocoa plantation is more complex and has a connection with the forest. Shade cover did not directly influenced squirrels, but it is crucial for bird predators which are more sensitive to disturbance.
{"title":"Agrolandscape structure and damage caused by red squirrels to cocoa pods","authors":"M. Molina, M. Mazón","doi":"10.47280/revfacagron(luz).v39.n4.06","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47280/revfacagron(luz).v39.n4.06","url":null,"abstract":"Cocoa is a strategic resource because it hosts high biodiversity, and it is a reliable source of foreign exchange. In Venezuela, fungi and red squirrels mainly affect its productivity. The objective was to evaluate the influence of the cocoa crop structure on the level of damage caused by red squirrels on the pods. The vegetation structure was defined in 15 farms assessing the cocoa tree biomass, the magnitude of shade tree cover, number of associated crops, presence of alternative fruit trees, and the type of ecological succession present in the surrounding. The % of damage was calculated, and nonparametric tests were used to process data. The damage was higher in crops with less shade cover, a more abundant number of associated crops, and alternative fruit trees. Squirrels used the cocoa pods opportunistically but preferred other fruits. It is concluded that pods can be a complementary food for squirrels to the extent that the cocoa plantation is more complex and has a connection with the forest. Shade cover did not directly influenced squirrels, but it is crucial for bird predators which are more sensitive to disturbance.","PeriodicalId":54470,"journal":{"name":"Revista De La Facultad De Agronomia De La Universidad Del Zulia","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2022-11-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80030005","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-10-25DOI: 10.47280/revfacagron(luz).v39.n4.04
Nelson Bernal-Margfoy, Enrique Darghan, Luis Ernesto Rodríguez, G. Gonzalez
A field study was carried out on the cultivation of the yellow diploid potato (Solanum tuberosum Phureja Group) to evaluate the influence of the planting density associated with distances between plants of 30, 40, and 50 cm and distances between the rows and paths of 100 cm on the tuber count with sizes less than 2 cm, 2-4 cm, 4-6 cm, and more than 6 cm. At the time of the harvest of the tubers, they were classified by size and respective count was made. The modelling of the counts was done by means of the usual negative binomial regression and by the inflated zeros option. The zero-inflated negative binomial regression models showed a significant effect of the sowing density on the tuber count in the sizes that were superior to 4 cm while the negative binomial model showed a significant effect it in the case of the sizes lower than 4 cm. The results on size and density are attributes of interest in both the agronomic management of this crop and in the industrial management of the tubers, so the relationship that we found can be adopted in both areas to generate the desired attributes of the crop for improving the production and guiding the process of industrialization.
{"title":"Evaluation size and number of yellow potato tubers under different planting densities using zero-inflated models","authors":"Nelson Bernal-Margfoy, Enrique Darghan, Luis Ernesto Rodríguez, G. Gonzalez","doi":"10.47280/revfacagron(luz).v39.n4.04","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47280/revfacagron(luz).v39.n4.04","url":null,"abstract":"A field study was carried out on the cultivation of the yellow diploid potato (Solanum tuberosum Phureja Group) to evaluate the influence of the planting density associated with distances between plants of 30, 40, and 50 cm and distances between the rows and paths of 100 cm on the tuber count with sizes less than 2 cm, 2-4 cm, 4-6 cm, and more than 6 cm. At the time of the harvest of the tubers, they were classified by size and respective count was made. The modelling of the counts was done by means of the usual negative binomial regression and by the inflated zeros option. The zero-inflated negative binomial regression models showed a significant effect of the sowing density on the tuber count in the sizes that were superior to 4 cm while the negative binomial model showed a significant effect it in the case of the sizes lower than 4 cm. The results on size and density are attributes of interest in both the agronomic management of this crop and in the industrial management of the tubers, so the relationship that we found can be adopted in both areas to generate the desired attributes of the crop for improving the production and guiding the process of industrialization.","PeriodicalId":54470,"journal":{"name":"Revista De La Facultad De Agronomia De La Universidad Del Zulia","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2022-10-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88086228","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The Sacha Inchi or Inca peanut (Plukenetia volubilis Linneo) is an oily plant native to the Amazon, consumed by indigenous people since ancient times and recognized for its great contribution of essential fatty acids, antioxidants and proteins, being potentially attractive as a legal agricultural alternative for the reincorporation of insurgent groups. The objective of the research was to characterize the productive system of Sacha Inchi in the municipality of Arauquita, Colombia. Fifty farmers were selected (40 peasants and 10 ex-combatants of the FARC-EP), using an intentional non-probabilistic sampling. The information was collected through a questionnaire and two participatory workshops aimed at identifying limitations and potentialities of the agroecological and productive system. Data were analyzed using descriptive and multivariate statistics. The classification analysis allowed partitioning the set of farmers, based on socioeconomic and environmental characteristics necessary to guide extension plans. The results showed that the most used agroecological practices are: soil conservation, application of lime, use of compost as fertilizer, use of certified seed and direct sowing. Low crop rotation and limited use of phytosanitary products were evidenced. The participatory workshops made it possible to identify crop limitations such as low productivity, few marketing channels and lack of knowledge of some agroecological techniques necessary to improve its productivity. Agroecological practices must be reinforced and expanded through extension programs to achieve recognition as agroecological producers, since this crop is a highly viable alternative for the municipality of Arauquita, within the framework of the peace agreement.
{"title":"Agroecological characterization of Sacha Inchi (Plukenetia volubilis Linneo) crop\u0000production system in Arauquita, Colombia","authors":"Víctor Bohórquez-Rivera, Elsa Cancino-Susan, Enrique Quevedo-García","doi":"10.47280/revfacagron(luz).v39.n4.03","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47280/revfacagron(luz).v39.n4.03","url":null,"abstract":"The Sacha Inchi or Inca peanut (Plukenetia volubilis Linneo) is an oily plant native to the Amazon, consumed by indigenous people since ancient times and recognized for its great contribution of essential fatty acids, antioxidants and proteins, being potentially attractive as a legal agricultural alternative for the reincorporation of insurgent groups. The objective of the research was to characterize the productive system of Sacha Inchi in the municipality of Arauquita, Colombia. Fifty farmers were selected (40 peasants and 10 ex-combatants of the FARC-EP), using an intentional non-probabilistic sampling. The information was collected through a questionnaire and two participatory workshops aimed at identifying limitations and potentialities of the agroecological and productive system. Data were analyzed using descriptive and multivariate statistics. The classification analysis allowed partitioning the set of farmers, based on socioeconomic and environmental characteristics necessary to guide extension plans. The results showed that the most used agroecological practices are: soil conservation, application of lime, use of compost as fertilizer, use of certified seed and direct sowing. Low crop rotation and limited use of phytosanitary products were evidenced. The participatory workshops made it possible to identify crop limitations such as low productivity, few marketing channels and lack of knowledge of some agroecological techniques necessary to improve its productivity. Agroecological practices must be reinforced and expanded through extension programs to achieve recognition as agroecological producers, since this crop is a highly viable alternative for the municipality of Arauquita, within the framework of the peace agreement.","PeriodicalId":54470,"journal":{"name":"Revista De La Facultad De Agronomia De La Universidad Del Zulia","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2022-10-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87650185","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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