Pub Date : 2023-06-02DOI: 10.47280/revfacagron(luz).v40.n2.11
H. Güngör, M. Çakır, Z. Dumlupinar
This study was conducted out to determine grain yield, yield components, and some quality charecteristics of 17 barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) genotypes at six environments in Thrace region of Turkey, using principal component analysis (PCA) and genotype (G) + genotype × environment interaction (GGE) biplot analysis to define the genotypes with higher yield and desirable quality traits during the 2016-2017 and 2017-2018 cropping seasons. Mean values of the genotypes varied from 5106-6753 kg.ha-1 for grain yield, 103.4-117.1 days for heading date, 94.6-110.3 cm for plant height, 6.26-10.07 cm for spike length, 25.0-75.5 number of grains per spike, 1.20-2.99 g grain weight per spike, 35.0-50.5 g for thousand kernel and weight, 56.4-64.1 kg.hl-1 for test weight. The relationships among the examined traits and genotypes was 53.9 % as defined by PC biplot analyses. GGE biplot analysis represented 94.77 % of the relationship of G + GE for grain yield. Two mega circles were formed according to grain yield, Zeus genotype for E1, E2 and E5 locations and Arcanda genotype for E3, E4 and E6 locations were determined as prominent genotypes. Zeus and Arcanda cultivars have been identified as the most ideal and stable genotypes.
{"title":"GGE biplot analysis of genotype by environment interaction of barley cultivars","authors":"H. Güngör, M. Çakır, Z. Dumlupinar","doi":"10.47280/revfacagron(luz).v40.n2.11","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47280/revfacagron(luz).v40.n2.11","url":null,"abstract":"This study was conducted out to determine grain yield, yield components, and some quality charecteristics of 17 barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) genotypes at six environments in Thrace region of Turkey, using principal component analysis (PCA) and genotype (G) + genotype × environment interaction (GGE) biplot analysis to define the genotypes with higher yield and desirable quality traits during the 2016-2017 and 2017-2018 cropping seasons. Mean values of the genotypes varied from 5106-6753 kg.ha-1 for grain yield, 103.4-117.1 days for heading date, 94.6-110.3 cm for plant height, 6.26-10.07 cm for spike length, 25.0-75.5 number of grains per spike, 1.20-2.99 g grain weight per spike, 35.0-50.5 g for thousand kernel and weight, 56.4-64.1 kg.hl-1 for test weight. The relationships among the examined traits and genotypes was 53.9 % as defined by PC biplot analyses. GGE biplot analysis represented 94.77 % of the relationship of G + GE for grain yield. Two mega circles were formed according to grain yield, Zeus genotype for E1, E2 and E5 locations and Arcanda genotype for E3, E4 and E6 locations were determined as prominent genotypes. Zeus and Arcanda cultivars have been identified as the most ideal and stable genotypes.","PeriodicalId":54470,"journal":{"name":"Revista De La Facultad De Agronomia De La Universidad Del Zulia","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2023-06-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78666066","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-05-23DOI: 10.47280/revfacagron(luz).v40.n2.07
Y. Ramos, Agustina Valverde-Rodríguez, Antonio Cornejo, Fleli Jara
The predominant microclimates of the coast and the inter-Andean valleys of Peru have favored the production and export of mango (Mangifera indica L.) to more than 30 countries in the years 2020 - 2021. In this process, phytosanitary support was of vital importance, however, the species Aulacaspis tubercularis Newstead, 1906 (Hemiptera: Diaspididae) is a pest that affects the resulting crop, increasing costs due to cleaning the fruits for marketing. Control with insecticides contaminates the environment; hence the objective of the study was to evaluate alternative products with insecticidal effect and low environmental impact. The use of mineral oil (7.5 mL.L-1), azadirachtin (3.2 %, 5 mL.L-1), commercial powder detergent (20 g.L-1) and potassium soap (10 mL.L-1) in the field and laboratory. In the field, 9 trees were sprayed per treatment, every seven days at an interval of 15 days and in the laboratory the individuals per bottle. The four evaluated products had a significant impact on the colonies in the field (95.31 %, 88.89 %, 77.38 % and 68.04 %, respectively) in the first three moments of application. In the laboratory, commercial detergent and 3.2 % azadirachtin exerted high mortality (100 %) on the third day post-application, followed by 100 % mineral oil on the fourth day. The four products evaluated are recommended for the management of A. tubercularis.
{"title":"Alternative products with insecticidal effect in the control of Aulacaspis tubercularis; Newstead,1906 (Hemiptera: Diaspididae) in mango cultivation","authors":"Y. Ramos, Agustina Valverde-Rodríguez, Antonio Cornejo, Fleli Jara","doi":"10.47280/revfacagron(luz).v40.n2.07","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47280/revfacagron(luz).v40.n2.07","url":null,"abstract":"The predominant microclimates of the coast and the inter-Andean valleys of Peru have favored the production and export of mango (Mangifera indica L.) to more than 30 countries in the years 2020 - 2021. In this process, phytosanitary support was of vital importance, however, the species Aulacaspis tubercularis Newstead, 1906 (Hemiptera: Diaspididae) is a pest that affects the resulting crop, increasing costs due to cleaning the fruits for marketing. Control with insecticides contaminates the environment; hence the objective of the study was to evaluate alternative products with insecticidal effect and low environmental impact. The use of mineral oil (7.5 mL.L-1), azadirachtin (3.2 %, 5 mL.L-1), commercial powder detergent (20 g.L-1) and potassium soap (10 mL.L-1) in the field and laboratory. In the field, 9 trees were sprayed per treatment, every seven days at an interval of 15 days and in the laboratory the individuals per bottle. The four evaluated products had a significant impact on the colonies in the field (95.31 %, 88.89 %, 77.38 % and 68.04 %, respectively) in the first three moments of application. In the laboratory, commercial detergent and 3.2 % azadirachtin exerted high mortality (100 %) on the third day post-application, followed by 100 % mineral oil on the fourth day. The four products evaluated are recommended for the management of A. tubercularis.","PeriodicalId":54470,"journal":{"name":"Revista De La Facultad De Agronomia De La Universidad Del Zulia","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2023-05-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87512903","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-05-23DOI: 10.47280/revfacagron(luz).v40.n2.08
A. Oulmi, S. Benkadja, A. Guendouz, B. Frih, Amor Mehanni, Samir Selloum
Oxidative stress induced by glyphosate is a complex phenomenon caused by an imbalance between reactive oxygen species (ROS) and antioxidants in plants cells. The present research was carried out at the field crops institute, Agricultural Experimental Station of Setif (ITGC-AES), to assess the response of some durum wheat (Triticum Durum Desf.) lines exposed to oxidative stress induced by glyphosate herbicide. In the heading stage, a solution of 5 Mm of glyphosate was sprayed on flag leaves, and each measurement was taken 48 hours after the glyphosate application. Lipid peroxidation, free proline and soluble sugars were determined. The results indicated that oxidative stress increased the content of lipid peroxidation, proline, and soluble sugars in flag leaves. Analysis of variance revealed significant differences among the genotypes tested, the increase in the level of lipid peroxidation is much higher in advanced lines G5 and G3, in which lipid peroxidation and membrane damage are greater. Oxidative damage also increased the proline content in lines G3 and G4, and soluble sugars in line G5, which were showing a high tolerance to the oxidative stress induced.
{"title":"Lipid Peroxidation, Proline Content and Soluble Sugars as indicators of Oxidative Stress Tolerance in Some Advanced Durum Wheat Lines (Triticum durum Desf.).","authors":"A. Oulmi, S. Benkadja, A. Guendouz, B. Frih, Amor Mehanni, Samir Selloum","doi":"10.47280/revfacagron(luz).v40.n2.08","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47280/revfacagron(luz).v40.n2.08","url":null,"abstract":"Oxidative stress induced by glyphosate is a complex phenomenon caused by an imbalance between reactive oxygen species (ROS) and antioxidants in plants cells. The present research was carried out at the field crops institute, Agricultural Experimental Station of Setif (ITGC-AES), to assess the response of some durum wheat (Triticum Durum Desf.) lines exposed to oxidative stress induced by glyphosate herbicide. In the heading stage, a solution of 5 Mm of glyphosate was sprayed on flag leaves, and each measurement was taken 48 hours after the glyphosate application. Lipid peroxidation, free proline and soluble sugars were determined. The results indicated that oxidative stress increased the content of lipid peroxidation, proline, and soluble sugars in flag leaves. Analysis of variance revealed significant differences among the genotypes tested, the increase in the level of lipid peroxidation is much higher in advanced lines G5 and G3, in which lipid peroxidation and membrane damage are greater. Oxidative damage also increased the proline content in lines G3 and G4, and soluble sugars in line G5, which were showing a high tolerance to the oxidative stress induced.","PeriodicalId":54470,"journal":{"name":"Revista De La Facultad De Agronomia De La Universidad Del Zulia","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2023-05-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80704057","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-05-23DOI: 10.47280/revfacagron(luz).v40.n2.06
Abrahan Cervantes-Álava, A. Sánchez-Urdaneta, C. Colmenares, José Quevedo-Guerrero
The main phytosanitary problem of commercial bananas is black Sigatoka (BS; Mycosphaerella fijiensis), which causes damage to leaf area, loss of exportable quality, and low yields. The management of BS with mixtures of four systemic fungicides in different combinations in the border and central area of three banana plantations, and its effect on the severity of this disease were evaluated. The study was carried out in Ecuador, province of El Oro, Pasaje canton, at the ‘‘El Playón’’, ‘‘Mega Impulso’’ and ‘‘Lolita’’ farms; in an area of 5 hectares of the Williams cultivar with 10 years of production, 50 plants were selected in the vegetative phase in the borders and center of the plantation, four treatments were evaluated: T1 (Triazole+Amine), T2 (Pyrimethanil+Spiroxamine), T3 (Difenoconazole+Amine) and T4 (Amine+Pyrimethanil) and three replicates, with four applications every 14 days. Severity was assessed for 10 weeks using the Stover scale. The experimental design was a randomized block design and the data were analyzed by two-way ANOVA. The greatest fungicidal effect was achieved in ‘‘El Playón’’, the severity for leaf 4 in the border area was 37.5 % and 38 % in the center. On leaf 5, ‘‘El Playón’’ 55 %, ‘‘Mega Impulso’’ 60 %, and ‘‘Lolita’’ 72.5 % reached a severe value. The highest average number of functional leaves was obtained in ‘‘Mega Impulso’’ and the highest average number of old leaves free of streaks in ‘‘Lolita’’. The fungicides applied controlled BS, due to the low percentages of disease severity.
{"title":"Evaluation of fungicides used in the management of black Sigatoka in banana cultivation","authors":"Abrahan Cervantes-Álava, A. Sánchez-Urdaneta, C. Colmenares, José Quevedo-Guerrero","doi":"10.47280/revfacagron(luz).v40.n2.06","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47280/revfacagron(luz).v40.n2.06","url":null,"abstract":"The main phytosanitary problem of commercial bananas is black Sigatoka (BS; Mycosphaerella fijiensis), which causes damage to leaf area, loss of exportable quality, and low yields. The management of BS with mixtures of four systemic fungicides in different combinations in the border and central area of three banana plantations, and its effect on the severity of this disease were evaluated. The study was carried out in Ecuador, province of El Oro, Pasaje canton, at the ‘‘El Playón’’, ‘‘Mega Impulso’’ and ‘‘Lolita’’ farms; in an area of 5 hectares of the Williams cultivar with 10 years of production, 50 plants were selected in the vegetative phase in the borders and center of the plantation, four treatments were evaluated: T1 (Triazole+Amine), T2 (Pyrimethanil+Spiroxamine), T3 (Difenoconazole+Amine) and T4 (Amine+Pyrimethanil) and three replicates, with four applications every 14 days. Severity was assessed for 10 weeks using the Stover scale. The experimental design was a randomized block design and the data were analyzed by two-way ANOVA. The greatest fungicidal effect was achieved in ‘‘El Playón’’, the severity for leaf 4 in the border area was 37.5 % and 38 % in the center. On leaf 5, ‘‘El Playón’’ 55 %, ‘‘Mega Impulso’’ 60 %, and ‘‘Lolita’’ 72.5 % reached a severe value. The highest average number of functional leaves was obtained in ‘‘Mega Impulso’’ and the highest average number of old leaves free of streaks in ‘‘Lolita’’. The fungicides applied controlled BS, due to the low percentages of disease severity.","PeriodicalId":54470,"journal":{"name":"Revista De La Facultad De Agronomia De La Universidad Del Zulia","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2023-05-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80082234","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-04-28DOI: 10.47280/revfacagron(luz).v40.n2.05
R. Ramírez, Omaira Sequeraϯ
Phosphorus deficiency in the country is very common, to overcome the problem high soluble phosphates are applied, the use a less soluble acidulated phosphate rock with sulfuric acid (RFA) is one economical alternative. The partial substitution of sulfuric acid by ammonium thiosulfate in the acidulation process (R30T) has proven feasible. The objective of this study was to prove the effect of these P sources on the maize behavior. Two soils were used a neutral and acidic one. Four doses of P treatments were used: 0, 70, 140 and 210 mg.kg-1, in a glasshouse experiment. 35 days after planting plants were harvest and soil and root samples were taken for phosphorus analysis and determination of dry matter, root length (LR) and root volume (VR). Partial substitution of sulfuric acid by ammonium thiosulfate does not affect the quality of the acidulated rock. A close relationship between biomass and P concentration in the corn tops with residual soil P, LR and VR increased with the first increase of soil P, successive increments of P produced a decrease in roots size. The LR and VR relationship with P uptake and biomass was not the same in the two soils, in the acidic soil there was a higher dependence on P uptake than in the neutral soil.
{"title":"Available phosphorus in soil from three sources and their effect on biomass and corn root\u0000development","authors":"R. Ramírez, Omaira Sequeraϯ","doi":"10.47280/revfacagron(luz).v40.n2.05","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47280/revfacagron(luz).v40.n2.05","url":null,"abstract":"Phosphorus deficiency in the country is very common, to overcome the problem high soluble phosphates are applied, the use a less soluble acidulated phosphate rock with sulfuric acid (RFA) is one economical alternative. The partial substitution of sulfuric acid by ammonium thiosulfate in the acidulation process (R30T) has proven feasible. The objective of this study was to prove the effect of these P sources on the maize behavior. Two soils were used a neutral and acidic one. Four doses of P treatments were used: 0, 70, 140 and 210 mg.kg-1, in a glasshouse experiment. 35 days after planting plants were harvest and soil and root samples were taken for phosphorus analysis and determination of dry matter, root length (LR) and root volume (VR). Partial substitution of sulfuric acid by ammonium thiosulfate does not affect the quality of the acidulated rock. A close relationship between biomass and P concentration in the corn tops with residual soil P, LR and VR increased with the first increase of soil P, successive increments of P produced a decrease in roots size. The LR and VR relationship with P uptake and biomass was not the same in the two soils, in the acidic soil there was a higher dependence on P uptake than in the neutral soil.","PeriodicalId":54470,"journal":{"name":"Revista De La Facultad De Agronomia De La Universidad Del Zulia","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2023-04-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73231729","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-04-21DOI: 10.47280/revfacagron(luz).v40.n2.04
I. Ortiz-Sánchez, Erika Gamero-Posada, C. Nava-Berumen, Sonia Valdez-Ortega, Ó. Alaniz-Villanueva
Biofertilizers help to increase crop yields and nutritional quality, reducing the use of agrochemicals that affect ecosystems and human health. The objective of this study was to evaluate the yield and nutritional value of the Pinto Rarámuri variety bean, under an organic fertilization scheme in rainfed conditions in Durango, Mexico. Sowing was carried out in open fields in Villa Montemorelos, Durango, using a randomized complete block design with six treatments [manure tea (tea), sewage sludge (sludge), super lean (lean), commercial organic fertilizer (foc), chemical fertilizer (fqf) and control] five repetitions, 30 plots and five plants per plot as experimental unit. The variables were: emergence percentage, height and pods per plant, seeds per pod, seed thickness and length, weight of 100 seeds, yield, crude fiber percentage, protein, ash, fat, and nitrogen-free extract. A two-way analysis of variance and Tukey's comparison of means (p ≤ 0.05) were performed. The treatments showed statistical difference, the highest yield and weight of 100 seeds was presented by sludge, fqf and foc; while the highest number of pods and plant height was obtained by sludge and fqf. The lowest yield, pods per plant, seeds per pod and plant height were observed in control. The nutritional value presented statistical equality between treatments. The use of organic fertilization is a sustainable alternative to increase bean productivity in the state of Durango, without disturbing its nutritional quality.
{"title":"Productivity and nutritional value of common beans with organic fertilization in Durango,\u0000Mexico","authors":"I. Ortiz-Sánchez, Erika Gamero-Posada, C. Nava-Berumen, Sonia Valdez-Ortega, Ó. Alaniz-Villanueva","doi":"10.47280/revfacagron(luz).v40.n2.04","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47280/revfacagron(luz).v40.n2.04","url":null,"abstract":"Biofertilizers help to increase crop yields and nutritional quality, reducing the use of agrochemicals that affect ecosystems and human health. The objective of this study was to evaluate the yield and nutritional value of the Pinto Rarámuri variety bean, under an organic fertilization scheme in rainfed conditions in Durango, Mexico. Sowing was carried out in open fields in Villa Montemorelos, Durango, using a randomized complete block design with six treatments [manure tea (tea), sewage sludge (sludge), super lean (lean), commercial organic fertilizer (foc), chemical fertilizer (fqf) and control] five repetitions, 30 plots and five plants per plot as experimental unit. The variables were: emergence percentage, height and pods per plant, seeds per pod, seed thickness and length, weight of 100 seeds, yield, crude fiber percentage, protein, ash, fat, and nitrogen-free extract. A two-way analysis of variance and Tukey's comparison of means (p ≤ 0.05) were performed. The treatments showed statistical difference, the highest yield and weight of 100 seeds was presented by sludge, fqf and foc; while the highest number of pods and plant height was obtained by sludge and fqf. The lowest yield, pods per plant, seeds per pod and plant height were observed in control. The nutritional value presented statistical equality between treatments. The use of organic fertilization is a sustainable alternative to increase bean productivity in the state of Durango, without disturbing its nutritional quality.","PeriodicalId":54470,"journal":{"name":"Revista De La Facultad De Agronomia De La Universidad Del Zulia","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2023-04-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77742039","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-04-11DOI: 10.47280/10.47280/revfacagron(luz).v40.n2.03
Fernando Rincón-Acosta, Miryam Félix López, E. Hurtado, Rocío Guerrero-Castillo, Olga Beltrán
Gums exudates are macromolecules consisting of carbohydrates (majority fraction), proteins and lipids (minority fraction), with variable concentrations of minerals, polyphenols, flavonoids, tannins and other bioactive phytochemical compounds. These natural products are used as emulsifying agents in multiple industries. The surfactant properties of a new source of gum exudate produced by Prosopis juliflora (Sw.) DC. were evaluated. Additionally, water-oil dispersions prepared with this natural polymer were tested for their emulsifying capacity and stability. A Du Noüy ring tensiometer was used to determine the amphipathic behavior of the investigated gum. The gum exudate of P. juliflora tested at 0.5 % m/v, decreases the values of surface tension (49.35 dyne.cm-1) and interfacial tension (12.78 dyne.cm-1), which evidences the potential emulsifying activity (EA) of this polysaccharide. EA values of 95 % and emulsion stability of 95.8 % were obtained, suggesting that P. juliflora gum contributes to improve the capacity and speed of adsorption of molecules between the dispersed phase and continues to form a stable emulsion. The surfactant and emulsifying activity of the investigated gum is associated with the high protein content (16.89 %) and the presence of methyl groups in its structure. Therefore, the gum exudate of P. juliflora constitutes a promising source of hydrocolloids as an emulsifier that could be evaluated in the manufacture of pharmaceuticals, food and even cosmetics. Additionally, it constitutes an unexploited natural resource that would contribute to the development of the South American regional economies where this species grows.
{"title":"Surfactant properties and emulsifying activity of the gum exudate of Prosopis juliflora (Sw.)\u0000DC.","authors":"Fernando Rincón-Acosta, Miryam Félix López, E. Hurtado, Rocío Guerrero-Castillo, Olga Beltrán","doi":"10.47280/10.47280/revfacagron(luz).v40.n2.03","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47280/10.47280/revfacagron(luz).v40.n2.03","url":null,"abstract":"Gums exudates are macromolecules consisting of carbohydrates (majority fraction), proteins and lipids (minority fraction), with variable concentrations of minerals, polyphenols, flavonoids, tannins and other bioactive phytochemical compounds. These natural products are used as emulsifying agents in multiple industries. The surfactant properties of a new source of gum exudate produced by Prosopis juliflora (Sw.) DC. were evaluated. Additionally, water-oil dispersions prepared with this natural polymer were tested for their emulsifying capacity and stability. A Du Noüy ring tensiometer was used to determine the amphipathic behavior of the investigated gum. The gum exudate of P. juliflora tested at 0.5 % m/v, decreases the values of surface tension (49.35 dyne.cm-1) and interfacial tension (12.78 dyne.cm-1), which evidences the potential emulsifying activity (EA) of this polysaccharide. EA values of 95 % and emulsion stability of 95.8 % were obtained, suggesting that P. juliflora gum contributes to improve the capacity and speed of adsorption of molecules between the dispersed phase and continues to form a stable emulsion. The surfactant and emulsifying activity of the investigated gum is associated with the high protein content (16.89 %) and the presence of methyl groups in its structure. Therefore, the gum exudate of P. juliflora constitutes a promising source of hydrocolloids as an emulsifier that could be evaluated in the manufacture of pharmaceuticals, food and even cosmetics. Additionally, it constitutes an unexploited natural resource that would contribute to the development of the South American regional economies where this species grows.","PeriodicalId":54470,"journal":{"name":"Revista De La Facultad De Agronomia De La Universidad Del Zulia","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2023-04-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89396457","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-04-06DOI: 10.47280/revfacagron(luz).v40.n2.02
Jennifer Orejuela-Romero, Juan Chipantiza-Masabanda, Pablo Carrera-Oscullo, Ana Salguero-Cajo
In order to evaluate changes related to plant physiology, infrared thermography has been chosen as a non-invasive complement. The research objective was to analyze the effect of deficit irrigation on Helianthus annuus L. plants in containers by means of IR thermography in a controlled experimental population at the University of Seville. The experiment consisted of three irrigation treatments to sunflower plants; one treatment received full irrigation (C-100) and two treatments received deficit irrigation: 70 % (R-70) and 50 % (R-50). A randomized block design was used. In the initial stage, polystyrene seedling trays of 54 cells (square) were used for the cultivation of sunflowers. The dimension of the trays was 700 x 400 x 70 mm. The cell size was 65 x 70 mm and the capacity was 135 cm3. For the development stage, plastic pots with a capacity of 4 L and a dimension of 21 x 16.4 cm were used. The sunflower plants used in this study did not exhibit significant differences in temperature and physiological analyses as a function of the irrigation treatment applied. However, there was a strong tendency for the plants to better resist water stress under a restrictive irrigation of 70%.
为了评估与植物生理相关的变化，红外热成像被选择作为一种非侵入性的补充。以塞维利亚大学为研究对象，利用红外热像仪分析亏缺灌溉对盆栽向日葵植株的影响。本试验对向日葵植株进行了3个灌溉处理;1个处理完全灌溉(C-100)， 2个处理亏缺灌溉:70% (R-70)和50% (R-50)。采用随机区组设计。在初始阶段，采用54个细胞(正方形)的聚苯乙烯苗盘进行向日葵的培养。托盘尺寸为700 x 400 x 70 mm。细胞尺寸为65 x 70 mm，容量为135 cm3。在开发阶段，使用容量为4升，尺寸为21 x 16.4 cm的塑料盆。本研究中使用的向日葵植株在温度和生理分析方面没有表现出明显的差异，这是灌溉处理的作用。然而，70%的限制性灌水条件下，植株抵抗水分胁迫的能力较强。
{"title":"Effect of deficit irrigation on Helianthus annuus L. plants in containers","authors":"Jennifer Orejuela-Romero, Juan Chipantiza-Masabanda, Pablo Carrera-Oscullo, Ana Salguero-Cajo","doi":"10.47280/revfacagron(luz).v40.n2.02","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47280/revfacagron(luz).v40.n2.02","url":null,"abstract":"In order to evaluate changes related to plant physiology, infrared thermography has been chosen as a non-invasive complement. The research objective was to analyze the effect of deficit irrigation on Helianthus annuus L. plants in containers by means of IR thermography in a controlled experimental population at the University of Seville. The experiment consisted of three irrigation treatments to sunflower plants; one treatment received full irrigation (C-100) and two treatments received deficit irrigation: 70 % (R-70) and 50 % (R-50). A randomized block design was used. In the initial stage, polystyrene seedling trays of 54 cells (square) were used for the cultivation of sunflowers. The dimension of the trays was 700 x 400 x 70 mm. The cell size was 65 x 70 mm and the capacity was 135 cm3. For the development stage, plastic pots with a capacity of 4 L and a dimension of 21 x 16.4 cm were used. The sunflower plants used in this study did not exhibit significant differences in temperature and physiological analyses as a function of the irrigation treatment applied. However, there was a strong tendency for the plants to better resist water stress under a restrictive irrigation of 70%.","PeriodicalId":54470,"journal":{"name":"Revista De La Facultad De Agronomia De La Universidad Del Zulia","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2023-04-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91139375","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
R. Arias, María Graciela Muro, D. Boyezuk, María Soledad Trigo, Lihuel Gortari, Kevin Denis Steffen, C. Cordiviola
El objetivo del siguiente trabajo fue evaluar el efecto de la incorporación de Gleditsia triacanthos (Acacia negra) sobre el consumo total de MS, de sus fracciones y de la producción y composición química de la leche en cabras lactantes. Se emplearon 16 cabras en un periodo experimental de 12 semanas: 2 de acostumbramiento y 10 de ensayo. Se asignaron dos tratamientos: uno a base de heno de alfalfa (HA) (200 g/día/animal), más grano de maíz entero (GME) (500 g/día/animal) (T0) y otro: heno de pastizal natural (HPN) (100 g/día/animal), GME (400 g/día/animal) y fruto de acacia negra (FAN) (200 g/día/animal) (T1). Se determinó el consumo individual aparente a campo, el de GME (T0) y de FAN + GME (T1). Se registró el consumo de cada corral de HA (T0) y de HPN (T1). Fue estimado el consumo de fibra (FDN), de proteína bruta (PB) y energía metabolizable (CTEM) de cada tratamiento. Se determinó la condición corporal (CC), la producción láctea individual (PL) y la composición química de la leche. El GME fue consumido en su totalidad en ambas dietas y en T1 la ingesta de FAN fue de 160 g/animal/día. En el corral del T1 el consumo de HPN fue menor (p<0,05). El consumo total de MS, de pastizal natural, de FDN, PB y EM no arrojaron diferencias (p>0,05) entre tratamientos. Las cabras de T1 verificaron menor CC (p<0,05). Una regresión lineal entre CTEM y la CC (p=0,008) corroboró una relación moderadamente fuerte (0,658). La PL no difirió (p>0,05) entre tratamientos. La grasa butirosa (p=0,094), la PB y lactosa (p<0,05) fue mayor en T1 que en T0. La inclusión del fruto de Gleditsia triacanthos en cabras en lactancia mejoró el porcentaje de proteína y lactosa, sin modificaciones en la PL en relación a la dieta testigo.
{"title":"Inclusión del fruto de Gleditsia triacanthos en la dieta de cabras en lactancia","authors":"R. Arias, María Graciela Muro, D. Boyezuk, María Soledad Trigo, Lihuel Gortari, Kevin Denis Steffen, C. Cordiviola","doi":"10.24215/16699513e108","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24215/16699513e108","url":null,"abstract":"El objetivo del siguiente trabajo fue evaluar el efecto de la incorporación de Gleditsia triacanthos (Acacia negra) sobre el consumo total de MS, de sus fracciones y de la producción y composición química de la leche en cabras lactantes. Se emplearon 16 cabras en un periodo experimental de 12 semanas: 2 de acostumbramiento y 10 de ensayo. Se asignaron dos tratamientos: uno a base de heno de alfalfa (HA) (200 g/día/animal), más grano de maíz entero (GME) (500 g/día/animal) (T0) y otro: heno de pastizal natural (HPN) (100 g/día/animal), GME (400 g/día/animal) y fruto de acacia negra (FAN) (200 g/día/animal) (T1). Se determinó el consumo individual aparente a campo, el de GME (T0) y de FAN + GME (T1). Se registró el consumo de cada corral de HA (T0) y de HPN (T1). Fue estimado el consumo de fibra (FDN), de proteína bruta (PB) y energía metabolizable (CTEM) de cada tratamiento. Se determinó la condición corporal (CC), la producción láctea individual (PL) y la composición química de la leche. El GME fue consumido en su totalidad en ambas dietas y en T1 la ingesta de FAN fue de 160 g/animal/día. En el corral del T1 el consumo de HPN fue menor (p<0,05). El consumo total de MS, de pastizal natural, de FDN, PB y EM no arrojaron diferencias (p>0,05) entre tratamientos. Las cabras de T1 verificaron menor CC (p<0,05). Una regresión lineal entre CTEM y la CC (p=0,008) corroboró una relación moderadamente fuerte (0,658). La PL no difirió (p>0,05) entre tratamientos. La grasa butirosa (p=0,094), la PB y lactosa (p<0,05) fue mayor en T1 que en T0. La inclusión del fruto de Gleditsia triacanthos en cabras en lactancia mejoró el porcentaje de proteína y lactosa, sin modificaciones en la PL en relación a la dieta testigo.","PeriodicalId":54470,"journal":{"name":"Revista De La Facultad De Agronomia De La Universidad Del Zulia","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2023-03-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43253296","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Federico Valerio, Anahí N. Herrera Cano, Leonardo Majul, Nicolás P. Borrelli, Marta C. Rivera, M. Suárez
El objetivo de este estudio fue evaluar el potencial inhibitorio de extractos acuosos y etanólicos de hojas de Ricinus communis sobre el crecimiento de una cepa de Alternaria tenuissima, especie fitopatógena que afecta a gran variedad de cultivos ornamentales y alimenticios. Este trabajo derivó de una investigación etnobotánica sobre plantas tóxicas del partido de Vicente López (Buenos Aires, Argentina), en el que el ricino, planta invasora y exótica, sobresalió como una de las especies más conocidas de la zona y de mayor consenso en cuanto a su potencial tóxico. Los extractos se obtuvieron mediante maceración de las hojas de R. communis durante 24 h en los siguientes solventes: agua destilada, etanol al 25% y etanol al 50%. El efecto inhibitorio de los extractos contra A. tenuissima se evaluó utilizando la técnica del medio de cultivo envenenado a cuatro concentraciones: 25, 12, 6 y 3%. A los 8 días de cultivo se registró y contrastó el crecimiento micelar (áreas colonizadas) en cada caso. Los extractos acuosos de las hojas de R. communis presentaron efecto inhibitorio sobre el crecimiento de la cepa evaluada, con un máximo del 55%. El etanol, tanto al 25% como al 50%, tuvo un efecto completamente inhibitorio y por tanto no fue posible evaluar el efecto de los extractos etanólicos de ricino. Los resultados indican que tanto las mezclas etanol-agua como los extractos acuosos de hojas de ricino son alternativas prometedoras para la protección vegetal, evaluando previamente sus parámetros ecotoxicológicos.
{"title":"Efecto inhibitorio in vitro de extractos de hojas de ricino (Ricinus communis) sobre el crecimiento de Alternaria tenuissima","authors":"Federico Valerio, Anahí N. Herrera Cano, Leonardo Majul, Nicolás P. Borrelli, Marta C. Rivera, M. Suárez","doi":"10.24215/16699513e116","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24215/16699513e116","url":null,"abstract":"El objetivo de este estudio fue evaluar el potencial inhibitorio de extractos acuosos y etanólicos de hojas de Ricinus communis sobre el crecimiento de una cepa de Alternaria tenuissima, especie fitopatógena que afecta a gran variedad de cultivos ornamentales y alimenticios. Este trabajo derivó de una investigación etnobotánica sobre plantas tóxicas del partido de Vicente López (Buenos Aires, Argentina), en el que el ricino, planta invasora y exótica, sobresalió como una de las especies más conocidas de la zona y de mayor consenso en cuanto a su potencial tóxico. Los extractos se obtuvieron mediante maceración de las hojas de R. communis durante 24 h en los siguientes solventes: agua destilada, etanol al 25% y etanol al 50%. El efecto inhibitorio de los extractos contra A. tenuissima se evaluó utilizando la técnica del medio de cultivo envenenado a cuatro concentraciones: 25, 12, 6 y 3%. A los 8 días de cultivo se registró y contrastó el crecimiento micelar (áreas colonizadas) en cada caso. Los extractos acuosos de las hojas de R. communis presentaron efecto inhibitorio sobre el crecimiento de la cepa evaluada, con un máximo del 55%. El etanol, tanto al 25% como al 50%, tuvo un efecto completamente inhibitorio y por tanto no fue posible evaluar el efecto de los extractos etanólicos de ricino. Los resultados indican que tanto las mezclas etanol-agua como los extractos acuosos de hojas de ricino son alternativas prometedoras para la protección vegetal, evaluando previamente sus parámetros ecotoxicológicos.","PeriodicalId":54470,"journal":{"name":"Revista De La Facultad De Agronomia De La Universidad Del Zulia","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2023-03-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48775274","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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