Psychology and Psychotherapy-Theory Research and Practice最新文献_第8页

A randomised feasibility trial comparing group and individual format GROUPS FOR HEALTH interventions for loneliness in people who experience psychosis 一项随机可行性试验，比较群体和个人形式的群体健康干预对精神病患者孤独感的影响。

IF 2.7 3区医学 Q2 PSYCHIATRY

Psychology and Psychotherapy-Theory Research and Practice

Pub Date : 2025-01-29 DOI: 10.1111/papt.12574

Lorna I. Hogg, Laura G. E. Smith, Catherine Haslam, Lyndsay Coxhill, Tim Kurz, Georgina Hobden, Anthony P. Morrison

Objectives

Loneliness in people who experience psychosis is common and associated with poor mental health. In this randomised trial, we tested the feasibility and acceptability of an adapted Groups for Health (G4H) intervention for loneliness, delivered in group or individual format.

Design

Mixed methods, two-arm feasibility randomised controlled trial.

Methods

Forty individuals who self-identified as having psychosis were recruited from UK mental health care services, recovery colleges and charities. G4H was modified for people with psychosis, with participants randomised to receive the intervention delivered via group (N = 20) or individual (N = 20) format. The primary outcomes related to trial acceptability and feasibility. Exploratory repeated measures ANOVAs and t-tests evaluated differences between formats over time in loneliness, wellbeing and possible mechanisms of change including social identification, identity integration and perceived in-group and out-group empathy. Measures were completed at baseline, end of treatment and 1- and 6-month follow-up.

Results

Recruitment, retention and trial acceptability ratings for both group and individual formats of G4H were acceptable to good. No participants reported experiencing a serious adverse event. Exploratory ANOVAs indicated no differences related to format but positive change in key variables of loneliness, wellbeing, social identification and identity integration over time. T-tests for loneliness indicated that this change was step-wise from baseline, through end of treatment to 1-month follow-up.

Conclusions

G4H is a feasible intervention for people with psychosis who identify as lonely and it can be delivered in either group or individual formats. This feasibility trial provides support for a future full randomised controlled trial.

目的：精神病患者的孤独感很常见，并与心理健康状况不佳有关。在这项随机试验中，我们测试了以群体或个人形式提供的针对孤独的适应性健康团体（G4H）干预的可行性和可接受性。设计：混合方法，两组可行性随机对照试验。方法：从英国精神卫生保健服务机构、康复学院和慈善机构招募了40名自认为患有精神病的人。对精神病患者的G4H进行了修改，参与者被随机分为小组（N = 20）或个人（N = 20）形式接受干预。主要结果与试验的可接受性和可行性有关。探索性重复测量方差分析和t检验评估了不同格式在孤独感、幸福感和可能的变化机制方面的差异，包括社会认同、身份整合和感知的群体内和群体外共情。测量在基线、治疗结束和1个月和6个月的随访时完成。结果：G4H的群体和个体形式的招募、保留和试验可接受性评分均为可接受至良好。没有参与者报告出现严重的不良事件。探索性方差分析显示，孤独感、幸福感、社会认同和身份整合等关键变量随时间变化呈正相关。孤独感的t检验表明，从基线到治疗结束到1个月的随访，这种变化是逐步发生的。结论：G4H对孤独精神病患者是一种可行的干预措施，可以采用群体或个体形式实施。这项可行性试验为未来的完全随机对照试验提供了支持。

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引用次数: 0

A qualitative exploration of change processes relevant to compassion-focused therapy that occurs when people view both soothing and non-soothing images 当人们同时观看抚慰性和非抚慰性图像时，对以同情为中心的治疗相关的变化过程进行定性探索。

IF 2.7 3区医学 Q2 PSYCHIATRY

Psychology and Psychotherapy-Theory Research and Practice

Pub Date : 2025-01-20 DOI: 10.1111/papt.12566

Stephanie Allan, Chris Morea, Keren MacLennan, Matthias Schwannauer, Angela L. McLaughlin, Netta Weinstein, Stella W. Y. Chan

Objective

Using soothing imagery within psychotherapy may support people to undertake positive visualisation exercises. However, little is known about what processes happen when people view images they find to be soothing or non-soothing.

Design

Exploratory qualitative methods were used.

Method

Responses from 644 participants who had written about images they found to be soothing or non-soothing were analysed using thematic analysis.

Results

Two key themes were developed that related to the importance of the image content (such as it being a natural scene or artificial) and the internal cognitive and psychological processes that it triggered within participants as being key drivers for an image being perceived as soothing or non-soothing. This included recall of positive autobiographical memories and liking the image content. Conversely, negative autobiographical memories and disliking image content were associated when people viewed images they considered to be non-soothing.

Conclusions

Experiences of feeling soothed when viewing an image appear to be maintained by imagining positive sensory experiences that were associated with the image or linking the image to positive experiences from the participant's autobiographical memory. This has implications for the delivery of therapy using pre-existing image sets and suggests there is a need to find out what images are most suited for people accessing services.

目的：在心理治疗中使用舒缓意象可以支持人们进行积极的观想练习。然而，当人们看到他们认为舒缓或不舒缓的图像时，会发生什么过程，我们知之甚少。设计：采用探索性定性方法。方法：对644名参与者的回答进行主题分析，这些参与者写下了他们认为舒缓或不舒缓的图像。结果：两个关键主题的发展，涉及到图像内容的重要性（如它是一个自然的场景或人工）和内部的认知和心理过程，它触发了参与者作为关键驱动因素的图像被认为是抚慰或非抚慰。这包括回忆积极的自传体记忆和喜欢图像内容。相反，当人们看到他们认为不舒缓的图像时，负面的自传式记忆和不喜欢的图像内容是相关的。结论：通过想象与图像相关的积极感官体验，或将图像与参与者自传体记忆中的积极体验联系起来，观看图像时感到舒缓的体验似乎得以维持。这对使用预先存在的图像集提供治疗有影响，并表明有必要找出最适合人们获得服务的图像。

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引用次数: 0

Veterans' experiences of somatic experiencing and prolonged exposure therapies for post-traumatic stress disorder: A qualitative analysis 退伍军人的躯体体验与长时间暴露治疗创伤后应激障碍：一项定性分析。

IF 2.7 3区医学 Q2 PSYCHIATRY

Psychology and Psychotherapy-Theory Research and Practice

Pub Date : 2025-01-14 DOI: 10.1111/papt.12570

Anna Harwood-Gross, Shir Elias, Karen Lerner, Nitsa Nacasch, Cathy Lawi, Danny Brom, Adi Barak

Purpose

Despite the proliferation of research into evidence based treatment for military PTSD there is little evidence for treatment assignment criterion and military based PTSD still demonstrates low remission rates.

Method

Thirty participants in a randomized control trial comparing Prolonged Exposure (PE) and Somatic Experiencing (SE) were interviewed on their experiences in therapy and their responses assessed using a descriptive phenomenological analysis approach to delineate the central tenets of the two therapeutic approaches.

Results

Results indicated that participants from both therapies covered themes of the experience of change, the experience of the therapeutic relationship and the therapeutic process. Within these themes, SE and PE participants reported both similar experiences, such as the predominance of physiological or bodily experiences and also described nuanced differences, specifically pertaining to therapy characteristics. SE participants described the process in terms of learning a language, applicable to alternative scenarios and PE participants described the process in terms of conquering exposures in order to achieve respite from symptoms.

Conclusion

The current findings have relevance in terms of presenting the key elements of the distinct trauma therapies and determining treatment appropriateness based on desired outcomes. They highlight the commonalities and differences between the patient experience in PE and SE, specifically the relevance of the bodily response, treatment expertise and therapist characteristics in both treatments. Understanding the unique elements of PE, a gold-standard PTSD treatment and SE, a novel somatic-based psychotherapy, will allow for better treatment preparation for participants and potentially aid treatment assignment.

目的：尽管针对军事创伤后应激障碍的循证治疗研究层出不穷，但治疗分配标准的证据却很少，而且军事创伤后应激障碍的缓解率仍然很低：方法：在一项比较长期暴露疗法（PE）和躯体体验疗法（SE）的随机对照试验中，对 30 名参与者进行了访谈，了解他们在治疗中的经历，并采用描述性现象学分析方法对他们的回答进行评估，以确定两种治疗方法的核心原则：结果表明，两种疗法的参与者都涉及到了改变的体验、治疗关系的体验和治疗过程等主题。在这些主题中，SE 和 PE 参与者既报告了相似的体验，如生理或身体体验占主导地位，也描述了细微的差异，特别是与治疗特点有关的差异。SE 参与者从学习一种语言的角度描述了这一过程，这种语言适用于其他情景，而 PE 参与者则从克服暴露以获得症状缓解的角度描述了这一过程：目前的研究结果对于介绍不同创伤疗法的关键要素以及根据预期结果确定治疗的适当性具有现实意义。研究结果强调了 PE 和 SE 患者体验的共性和差异，特别是身体反应、治疗专长和治疗师特征在两种疗法中的相关性。了解创伤后应激障碍治疗的黄金标准 PE 和基于躯体的新型心理疗法 SE 的独特要素，将有助于为参与者提供更好的治疗准备，并有可能帮助分配治疗方案。

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引用次数: 0

Clients' experiences of psychotherapeutic interventions addressing trauma 客户的心理治疗干预处理创伤的经验。

IF 2.7 3区医学 Q2 PSYCHIATRY

Psychology and Psychotherapy-Theory Research and Practice

Pub Date : 2025-01-03 DOI: 10.1111/papt.12569

R. Lepistö, A. Ahmad, S. Kangaslampi, K. Peltonen

Purpose

This systematic review aimed to evaluate and synthesise qualitative research on adult clients' experiences of psychotherapeutic interventions addressing trauma across multiple modalities.

Methods

Six databases (PsycINFO, MEDLINE, The Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, Web of Science, Scopus, and CINAHL) were systematically searched. Google Scholar and reference lists of included and other relevant reviews were also searched, and in total 37 studies met the inclusion criteria. Relevant data were extracted, quality assessed following the Critical Appraisal Skill Programme checklist, and data synthesised using thematic synthesis.

Results

The specific helpful factors and perceived impact of the interventions aligned with their theoretical bases. Certain factors were perceived to be helpful or challenging regardless of the modality used, such as relational factors between the client and the therapist, and within group settings. Towards the end of the interventions, feelings of ambivalence and emotional struggles which pervaded the process gradually resolved, as a majority of the clients expressed a sense of benefit from the whole experience. Most of the studies included in this review were published post-2020, underscoring research interest towards clients' psychotherapeutic experiences.

Conclusions

The review provides a comprehensive understanding of helpful and challenging factors of interventions addressing trauma, as perceived by clients. The analysis serves as a foundation for future intervention development. Also, it highlights the importance of therapist responsiveness and discussions with clients at various intervention stages to foster a sense of safety, prevent early drop-outs, and emphasise clients as agents of change in their therapeutic process.

目的：本系统综述旨在评估和综合对成人客户的心理治疗干预的经验进行定性研究，以解决多种模式的创伤。方法：系统检索PsycINFO、MEDLINE、Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials、Web of Science、Scopus和CINAHL 6个数据库。b谷歌我们还检索了纳入文献和其他相关综述的学者和参考文献列表，共有37篇研究符合纳入标准。提取相关数据，根据关键评估技能计划检查表评估质量，并使用主题综合方法对数据进行综合。结果：干预的具体帮助因素和感知影响与其理论基础一致。无论采用何种治疗方式，某些因素都被认为是有益的或具有挑战性的，比如来访者和治疗师之间的关系因素，以及群体环境。在干预结束时，弥漫在整个过程中的矛盾情绪和情感斗争逐渐得到解决，因为大多数客户都表达了从整个体验中获益的感觉。本综述中包含的大多数研究都是在2020年后发表的，强调了对客户心理治疗体验的研究兴趣。结论：这篇综述提供了一个全面的理解，帮助和挑战的因素干预解决创伤，作为客户的感知。该分析可作为未来干预发展的基础。此外，它强调了治疗师的反应和在不同干预阶段与客户讨论的重要性，以培养安全感，防止早期退出，并强调客户是治疗过程中变革的推动者。

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引用次数: 0

A pre and post evaluation of the communication and interaction training programme for professionals in dementia care 对痴呆症护理专业人员交流和互动培训计划的前后评估。

IF 2.7 3区医学 Q2 PSYCHIATRY

Psychology and Psychotherapy-Theory Research and Practice

Pub Date : 2024-12-19 DOI: 10.1111/papt.12568

Sophie Trees, Ian Andrew James, Sally Stapleton, Daniel Rippon

<div> <section> <h3> Background</h3> <p>NICE guidelines advocate that healthcare professionals should aim to use non-pharmacological and person-centred approaches as primary strategies to reduce or prevent distress in people living with dementia who reside within care settings. However, despite these recommendations, recent studies have illustrated that there is still a requirement for healthcare professionals to have adequate opportunities to access training programmes and guidance on how to effectively use non-pharmacological approaches in dementia care settings. Communication and Interaction Training (CAIT) was developed to train healthcare professionals in dementia care on how to apply person-centred principles to effectively reduce or negate distress in people living with dementia in a non-invasive manner.</p> </section> <section> <h3> Aims</h3> <p>This paper provides an overview of current debates regarding the use of non-pharmacological approaches in dementia care, as initial care strategies, to reduce the primary use of pharmacological interventions that may have deleterious side effects for people living with dementia. Furthermore, this paper provides a summary of an evaluation that assessed the extent to which a 2-day CAIT programme could enhance healthcare professionals in their perceived ability to communicate therapeutically with and provide care for people living with dementia.</p> </section> <section> <h3> Materials & Methods</h3> <p>In this evaluation, 35 healthcare professionals in dementia care engaged with the 2-day CAIT programme. The Confidence in Dementia Scale, Knowledge in Dementia Scale and Compassionate Competence Scale were administered for participants to complete pre and post training.</p> </section> <section> <h3> Results</h3> <p>A series of parametric paired samples <i>t</i>-tests were completed, and the results indicated that the 2-day CAIT course was effective in enhancing healthcare professionals' perceived confidence, communication skills, sensitivity, and ability to meet the care needs of people living with dementia. However, staff’ knowledge of dementia did not significantly increase following the CAIT course, which could be due to participants already having high levels of knowledge on dementia prior to training.</p> </section> <section> <h3> Discussion & Conclusion</h3> <p>These results indicated that engaging in CAIT could be beneficial in enhancing healthcare professionals' perceived ability to use therapeutic communication strategies in their interactions with people living with dementia. Discussion is provided on how the delivery of training programmes, such as CAIT, may assist in re-enforcing guidelines that advocate for the use of non-ph

背景：NICE指南提倡卫生保健专业人员应以非药物和以人为本的方法为主要策略，以减少或预防居住在护理机构中的痴呆症患者的痛苦。然而，尽管有这些建议，最近的研究表明，卫生保健专业人员仍然需要有足够的机会获得关于如何在痴呆症护理环境中有效使用非药物方法的培训计划和指导。制定沟通和互动培训（CAIT）是为了培训痴呆症护理方面的保健专业人员，使其了解如何应用以人为本的原则，以非侵入性方式有效地减少或消除痴呆症患者的痛苦。目的：本文概述了目前关于在痴呆症护理中使用非药物方法的争论，作为初始护理策略，以减少可能对痴呆症患者产生有害副作用的药物干预的主要使用。此外，本文总结了一项评估，该评估评估了为期2天的CAIT计划可以提高医疗保健专业人员与痴呆症患者进行治疗沟通和提供护理的感知能力。材料和方法：在这项评估中，35名痴呆症护理保健专业人员参加了为期2天的CAIT项目。在训练前和训练后分别使用痴呆信心量表、痴呆知识量表和同情能力量表。结果：完成了一系列参数配对样本t检验，结果表明，为期2天的CAIT课程可有效提高医护人员的感知信心、沟通技巧、敏感性和满足痴呆症患者护理需求的能力。然而，在CAIT课程之后，员工对痴呆症的知识并没有显著增加，这可能是由于参与者在培训前已经对痴呆症有了很高的认识。讨论与结论：这些结果表明，参与CAIT可以提高医疗保健专业人员在与痴呆症患者互动时使用治疗性沟通策略的感知能力。讨论了如何提供培训项目，如CAIT，可能有助于加强倡导在痴呆症护理中使用非药物和非侵入性方法的指导方针。

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引用次数: 0

Exploring the implementation of a novel, transdiagnostic, hybrid ecological momentary intervention for improving resilience in youth (EMIcompass): A process evaluation in the realist framework 探索实施一种新型的、跨诊断的、混合生态的瞬间干预来提高青少年的心理弹性（EMIcompass）：现实主义框架下的过程评估。

IF 2.7 3区医学 Q2 PSYCHIATRY

Psychology and Psychotherapy-Theory Research and Practice

Pub Date : 2024-12-19 DOI: 10.1111/papt.12565

Isabell Paetzold, Jessica Gugel, Anita Schick, Christian Rauschenberg, Dusan Hirjak, Benjamin Boecking, Lawrence Doi, Matthias Schwannauer, Ulrich Reininghaus

Objectives

Previous research indicates that the hybrid compassion-focused intervention EMIcompass may reduce stress reactivity and improve quality of life. Our aim was to investigate what components of the intervention work for whom, how, and under which circumstances to contribute to the enhancement of resilience.

Methods

We conducted a process evaluation using a realist framework. First, we developed initial programme theories using compassion-focused interventions and ecological momentary intervention documents, in addition to conducting a focus group and an interview with an individual expert. Second, we tested the initial programme theories based on qualitative data from 20 participants. Third, we refined the programme theories by analysing and interpreting the data.

Results

We identified four programme components experienced as enhancing the activation of the soothing system and the application of compassion-focused principles. EMIcompass was perceived as lowering the burden of and barriers to treatment and facilitating the translation into daily life. Intra- and interpersonal context factors interacted with the mechanisms, leading to improvement in well-being, which was identified as a main outcome.

Discussion

The intervention worked by strengthening participants' soothing system and facilitating ecological translation leading to improved well-being. Adaptions to improve the intervention may allow for more flexibility in individual intervention trajectories acknowledging different needs and preferences.

目的：已有研究表明，以同情为中心的混合干预EMIcompass可以减少应激反应，提高生活质量。我们的目的是调查干预的哪些组成部分对谁，如何以及在何种情况下有助于增强复原力。方法：我们使用现实主义框架进行过程评估。首先，我们利用以同情为中心的干预措施和生态瞬时干预文件，除了进行焦点小组和对个别专家的采访外，还发展了初步的计划理论。其次，我们根据来自20名参与者的定性数据测试了最初的计划理论。第三，我们通过分析和解释数据来完善程序理论。结果：我们确定了四个项目组成部分，以增强舒缓系统的激活和以同情为中心原则的应用。EMIcompass被认为降低了治疗的负担和障碍，并有助于将其转化为日常生活。内部和人际环境因素与机制相互作用，导致幸福感的改善，这被确定为主要结果。讨论：干预通过加强参与者的舒缓系统和促进生态转化来改善幸福感。改进干预措施的适应可能允许在个体干预轨迹中更大的灵活性，承认不同的需求和偏好。

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引用次数: 0

“It's like I used to share a room with self-injury, but now it lives next door”: Exploring experiences of naturalistic improvement in non-suicidal self-injury “这就像我曾经和自残者住在一个房间里，但现在它住在隔壁”：探索非自杀性自残的自然改善经验。

IF 2.7 3区医学 Q2 PSYCHIATRY

Psychology and Psychotherapy-Theory Research and Practice

Pub Date : 2024-12-19 DOI: 10.1111/papt.12567

E. Hudson, S. Hartley, P. J. Taylor

Background

Many people who engage in non-suicidal self-injury (NSSI) do not access support from health services, and evidence regarding the effectiveness of interventions is mixed. Despite this, NSSI prevalence rates decrease from adolescence into adulthood. Little is known about what helps alleviate difficulties with NSSI beyond psychological or medical intervention. This study sought to understand factors influencing naturalistic improvements in NSSI.

Methods

Semi-structured interviews were conducted over video call with 16 participants who believed their difficulties with NSSI had improved due to factors not attributed to psychological or medical intervention. Interviews were audio recorded and transcribed verbatim for analysis.

Results

A reflexive thematic analysis revealed four main themes. Increased insight into NSSI experiences promoted self-compassion and self-acceptance and enabled participants to reflect on the conflicting role of NSSI. Safe and supportive relationships helped alleviate loneliness, and developing alternative coping strategies enhanced feelings of control over self-injury. Creating a life guided by personal values promoted independence, choice, and self-esteem.

Conclusions

The findings of the study highlight several internal and external naturalistic processes deemed meaningful in improving difficulties with NSSI. Clinical implications include the importance of developing and embedding these approaches within services and interventions to improve outcomes for individuals who self-injure while promoting a person-centred approach.

背景：许多从事非自杀性自伤（NSSI）的人无法获得卫生服务的支持，有关干预措施有效性的证据参差不齐。尽管如此，自伤的患病率从青春期到成年期下降。除了心理或医疗干预之外，人们对减轻自伤困难的方法知之甚少。本研究旨在了解影响自伤症状自然改善的因素。方法：通过视频电话对16名参与者进行半结构化访谈，这些参与者认为他们的自伤困难由于非心理或医学干预因素而得到改善。访谈录音并逐字抄录，以供分析。结果：反身性主题分析揭示了四个主要主题。对自伤经历的深入了解促进了自我同情和自我接纳，并使参与者能够反思自伤的冲突作用。安全和支持性的关系有助于减轻孤独感，发展替代应对策略增强了对自我伤害的控制感。创造一种以个人价值观为指导的生活，可以促进独立、选择和自尊。结论：研究结果强调了几个内部和外部自然过程被认为对改善自伤困难有意义。临床意义包括在促进以人为本的方法的同时，在服务和干预措施中制定和嵌入这些方法以改善自残者的结果的重要性。

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引用次数: 0

Goal-oriented practices in youth mental health and wellbeing settings: A scoping review and thematic analysis of empirical evidence 青年心理健康和福祉环境中目标导向的做法：对经验证据的范围审查和专题分析。

IF 2.7 3区医学 Q2 PSYCHIATRY

Psychology and Psychotherapy-Theory Research and Practice

Pub Date : 2024-12-13 DOI: 10.1111/papt.12564

Jenna Jacob, Lori Wozney, Hanne Weie Oddli, Charlie Duncan, Jill Chorney, Debbie Emberly, Duncan Law, Sharon Clark, Sofie Heien, Leah Boulos, Mick Cooper

Introduction

Goal-oriented practices involve practitioners working collaboratively with clients to identify, develop and focus on objectives for the therapeutic work. It has been suggested that the key mechanism underpinning goal-oriented practices with young people is the development of epistemic trust via the foundation of open communication, along with shared decision-making: including young people in decisions about their care. However, goal-oriented work in practice is variable in scope and content, with no research consensus on what it entails, the mechanisms of change and reported outcomes.

Method

This research aims to map the extent, range and nature of the evidence-base for goal-oriented practices, including gaps, through a synthesis of the available empirical evidence from the past 20 years. A scoping review of 9783 studies published from 2003 onwards was conducted.

Results

In total, 116 studies were identified for inclusion in the review, focusing on goal-oriented practices specifically related to the mental health and wellbeing of children and young people aged 0–18 (including caregivers as relevant). Alongside presentation of the key elements of the included studies, three themes were developed relating to the features of mental health and wellbeing goal-oriented practice in the contexts of the studies: Conceptual and Empirical Constructs of Goal-Oriented Practices, Quality and Making ‘Good’ Goals, and The Socio-Cultural Contexts of Goal-Oriented Practice.

Conclusion

Several areas for future research are identified that will build on this evidence, and further understanding in this area. Work towards the development of best practice principles will move practice towards transparency in the understanding and delivery of goal-oriented practices.

前言：目标导向的实践涉及从业者与客户合作，以确定、发展和关注治疗工作的目标。有人认为，支持以目标为导向的年轻人实践的关键机制是通过开放沟通的基础来发展认知信任，以及共同决策：包括年轻人参与他们的护理决策。然而，在实践中，以目标为导向的工作在范围和内容上是可变的，对于它需要什么、变化的机制和报告的结果没有研究共识。方法：本研究旨在通过综合过去20年的现有经验证据，绘制目标导向实践的证据基础的程度、范围和性质，包括差距。对2003年以来发表的9783项研究进行了范围审查。结果：总共确定了116项研究纳入审查，重点是与0-18岁儿童和青少年（包括相关的照顾者）的心理健康和福祉具体相关的目标导向实践。除了介绍所纳入研究的关键要素外，还开发了与研究背景下心理健康和福祉目标导向实践特征相关的三个主题：目标导向实践的概念和经验结构，质量和制定“好”目标，以及目标导向实践的社会文化背景。结论：未来研究的几个领域将建立在这一证据的基础上，并进一步了解这一领域。制定最佳实践原则的工作将使实践在理解和交付面向目标的实践方面变得更加透明。

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引用次数: 0

The role of parental mentalizing on the link between parental depression and child emotion regulation 父母心理化在父母抑郁与儿童情绪调节关系中的作用。

IF 2.7 3区医学 Q2 PSYCHIATRY

Psychology and Psychotherapy-Theory Research and Practice

Pub Date : 2024-12-10 DOI: 10.1111/papt.12563

Mor Keleynikov, Dana Lassri, Noga Cohen, Joy Benatov

Background

Parental depression has consistently been shown to impact child's emotion regulation (ER), with limited research on risk and protective factors, especially in preschoolers. Grounded in Morris and colleagues' model of emotion socialization, this study addresses this gap by examining the mediating and moderating roles of parental mentalizing (reflective functioning).

Aims

We aimed to explore whether pre-mentalizing modes mediate the link between parental depressive symptoms and the child's ER tendencies and whether parental interest and curiosity and parental certainty about mental states can buffer this link.

Materials & Methods

The study sample included 732 parents (91% females) of children aged 3–7 years. To assess parental mentalizing, the Parental Reflective Functioning Questionnaire was used. Child ER skills were assessed with the Emotion Regulation Checklist, and depression was assessed with the Patient Health Questionnaire.

Results

Findings demonstrated a negative link between parental depressive symptoms and children's ER skills, mediated by heightened parental pre-mentalizing modes. Contrary to expectations, parental interest and curiosity did not moderate this link, but parental certainty about mental states emerged as a protective factor, weakening the link between depressive symptoms and child ER skills.

Conclusion

The results contribute to the understanding of ER development, particularly in the context of parental depressive symptoms, emphasizing parental mentalizing as a pivotal factor within this intricate dynamic.

背景：父母抑郁一直被证明会影响儿童的情绪调节（ER），但对风险和保护因素的研究有限，特别是在学龄前儿童中。本研究以Morris及其同事的情感社会化模型为基础，通过考察父母心理化（反思功能）的中介和调节作用来解决这一差距。目的：探讨心理前化模式是否介导父母抑郁症状与儿童ER倾向之间的联系，以及父母对心理状态的兴趣和好奇心以及父母对心理状态的确定性是否可以缓冲这种联系。材料与方法：研究样本为732名3-7岁儿童家长，其中女性占91%。采用父母反思功能问卷对父母心理化进行评估。用情绪调节量表评估儿童急诊室技能，用病人健康问卷评估儿童抑郁程度。结果：研究结果表明，父母抑郁症状与儿童的ER技能之间存在负相关，这是由父母心理前化模式的增强所介导的。与预期相反，父母的兴趣和好奇心并没有缓和这种联系，但父母对精神状态的确定成为一种保护因素，削弱了抑郁症状和儿童急诊室技能之间的联系。结论：这些结果有助于理解内质网的发展，特别是在父母抑郁症状的背景下，强调父母心理化是这一复杂动态中的关键因素。

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引用次数: 0

Therapists' perspectives on the Maudsley model anorexia nervosa treatment for adolescents and young adults (MANTRa): A qualitative interview study 治疗师对Maudsley模式神经性厌食症治疗的看法：一项质性访谈研究。

IF 2.7 3区医学 Q2 PSYCHIATRY

Psychology and Psychotherapy-Theory Research and Practice

Pub Date : 2024-12-02 DOI: 10.1111/papt.12562

Michael Zeiler, Petra Sackl-Pammer, Tanja Wittek, Susanne Ohmann, Sonja Werneck-Rohrer, Stefanie Truttmann, Julia Philipp, Gabriele Schöfbeck, Konstantin Kopp, Helene Krauss, Ulrike Schmidt, Andreas Karwautz, Gudrun Wagner

Objectives

A rising incidence of eating disorders in the young population and limited effectiveness of available treatment approaches underscore the need for innovative therapies. This study explores therapists' perspectives regarding a promising new manualized psychotherapeutic treatment (MANTRa) for adolescents and young adults with anorexia nervosa (AN).

Methods

Semi-structured qualitative interviews were conducted with 10 therapists (nine female) who provided 24–34 sessions of MANTRa per patient. Interview topics included positive and negative experiences with MANTRa in general, with the workbook and other components. Reflexive thematic analysis was used to interpret the data. Furthermore, written notes taken by the therapists after each sessions were analysed.

Results

The thematic analysis revealed five overarching themes: (1) Variety of therapeutic tools and content elements included in the workbook; (2) Getting the therapeutic process going; (3) Flexibility in use of the workbook; (4) Impact of the scientific and multidisciplinary framework on quality assurance; (5) Formal design of the workbook. Therapists' case formulation letters to the patients were regarded as powerful tools to strengthen therapeutic alliance and promote recovery. In-depth therapists' training, regular supervision and a multi-professional treatment setting were important factors to ensure high treatment quality.

Conclusions

The findings suggest how the MANTRa content (e.g. inclusion of additional therapeutic tools), the therapists' training and the format (e.g. provision of a digital version) can be improved to reach maximum impact. Therapists' formulation letters may be an effective therapeutic tool not only for AN but also across the spectrum of psychiatric disorders in adolescents and young adults.

目标：年轻人群中饮食失调的发病率不断上升，现有治疗方法的有效性有限，这突显了创新治疗方法的必要性。本研究探讨了治疗师对青少年神经性厌食症（AN）的一种有前景的新型手动心理治疗（MANTRa）的观点。方法：对10名治疗师（9名女性）进行半结构化定性访谈，每位患者提供24-34次MANTRa治疗。访谈主题包括总体上使用MANTRa的积极和消极体验，以及工作簿和其他组件。采用自反性主题分析对数据进行解释。此外，还分析了治疗师在每次治疗后所做的书面记录。结果：主题分析揭示了五个总体主题：(1)手册中包含的治疗工具和内容元素的多样性；(2)使治疗过程继续进行；(3)工作簿使用的灵活性；(4)科学和多学科框架对质量保证的影响；(5)工作簿的正式设计。治疗师给患者的个案陈述信被视为加强治疗联盟、促进康复的有力工具。深入的治疗师培训，定期监督和多专业的治疗环境是确保高治疗质量的重要因素。结论：研究结果表明如何改进咒语的内容（例如包括额外的治疗工具），治疗师的培训和格式（例如提供数字版本）以达到最大的效果。治疗师的处方信可能是一种有效的治疗工具，不仅对an，而且对青少年和年轻人的精神疾病也很有效。

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引用次数: 0