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Aging population and agricultural sustainability issues: case of turkey 人口老龄化与农业可持续性问题:以土耳其为例
IF 1 4区 经济学 Q2 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2021-10-01 DOI: 10.30682/nm2104d
Şinasi Akdemir, Elpidio Antonio Kougnigan, Fersin Keskin, H. Akcaoz, I. Boz, Ilkay Kutlar, Y. Miassi, G. Kusek, Metin Turker
Agriculture is a sector that is widely known to be impacted not only by the natural conditions of a country but also by other economic and political sectors. Turkish agriculture, in a context marked in recent years by a rural exodus of young people, marks the vagueness of the current state of the agricultural sector and its future. It is with this in mind that this research was carried out, based on a questionnaire survey of 312 producers in 5 provinces of Turkey, to assess the impact of the ageing of the rural population on the agricultural sector. The results of this study show that with age, producers invest less in agricultural activity, altogether abandoning productions requiring more labour. The possibility of taking over the family farm by descendants plays an important role in the degree of involvement of producers. Through these findings, this study makes it possible to address targeted agricultural policies according to age stages.
众所周知,农业不仅受到一个国家自然条件的影响,还受到其他经济和政治部门的影响。近年来,土耳其农村年轻人大量外流,这标志着农业部门的现状及其未来模糊不清。正是考虑到这一点,这项研究是在对土耳其5个省的312名生产者进行问卷调查的基础上进行的,目的是评估农村人口老龄化对农业部门的影响。这项研究的结果表明,随着年龄的增长,生产者对农业活动的投资减少,完全放弃了需要更多劳动力的生产。后代接管家庭农场的可能性对生产者的参与程度起着重要作用。通过这些发现,这项研究使根据年龄阶段制定有针对性的农业政策成为可能。
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引用次数: 4
The factors affecting the marketing channel selection in sheep farming: A Turkish case study 影响绵羊养殖业营销渠道选择的因素:以土耳其为例
IF 1 4区 经济学 Q2 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2021-10-01 DOI: 10.30682/nm2104f
F. Kaygisiz, F. Akdağ
This study was conducted to determine sheep farmers' selection of marketing channels in livestock sales and the factors affecting their choices. The research data were generated from the survey data of 53 enterprises selected via simple random sampling method in Samsun province in 2019. In this research, descriptive statistics were used to determine some characteristics of the sheep farmers, and the chi-square test was employed to compare the farmers' characteristics according to the selection of the marketing channels. According to the results of the study, four marketing channels were identified to be efficient in livestock marketing. These were final consumers, brokers, retailers, and mixed channels. Besides, it was determined that the variables of selling additional products (milk, cheese, fleece) in the enterprise other than livestock, being a member of the Sheep and Goat Breeders Association, and the reason of choosing marketing channels had an impact (P<0.05) on the selection of marketing channels.
本研究旨在确定牧羊户在畜牧销售中对营销渠道的选择及影响其选择的因素。研究数据是在2019年对三星道53家企业进行简单随机抽样调查的基础上得出的。在本研究中,采用描述性统计来确定牧羊户的一些特征,并根据营销渠道的选择,采用卡方检验来比较牧羊户的特征。根据研究结果,确定了四种有效的营销渠道。这些是最终消费者、经纪人、零售商和混合渠道。此外,确定企业除牲畜外销售其他产品(牛奶、奶酪、羊毛)、是绵羊山羊养殖户协会会员、营销渠道选择原因等变量对营销渠道选择有影响(P<0.05)。
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引用次数: 0
Vulnerabilite des moyens d'existence des menages ruraux au changement climatique: analyse comparative des territoires montagneux et littoraux des zones arides tunisiennes 农村家庭生计对气候变化的脆弱性:突尼斯干旱地区山区和沿海地区的比较分析
IF 1 4区 经济学 Q2 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2021-10-01 DOI: 10.30682/nm2104b
M. Fétoui, Fatma Aribi, F. Chouikhi, Mariem Sghaier, M. Sghaier
This paper presents a livelihood vulnerability assessment and compares the levels of exposure, sensitivity and adaptation to climate change of the local populations in mountains area and coastal plains in Tunisian arid regions. The United Nations Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change vulnerability index (LVI-IPCC) has been adapted and applied to assess this livelihood vulnerability, based on socio-economic surveys and semi-structured interviews with the local populations. Findings show that households in coastal plains are more vulnerable in terms of socio demographic profile, food security, social networks, access to water and climate variability. This territory is much more exposed to climate change, despite being slightly less sensitive. On the other hand, households in mountainous territory are more vulnerable in terms of livelihood strategies, land tenure and health, despite their adaptation capacity, which reduces their vulnerability to climate change. Based on this vulnerability assessment, this work suggests specific adaptation strategies and measures for livelihoods sustainability in each territory.
本文介绍了生计脆弱性评估,并比较了突尼斯干旱地区山区和沿海平原当地人口对气候变化的暴露程度、敏感性和适应程度。联合国政府间气候变化专门委员会脆弱性指数(LVI-IPCC)已根据社会经济调查和对当地人口的半结构化访谈进行了调整和应用,以评估这种生计脆弱性。调查结果表明,沿海平原的家庭在社会人口状况、粮食安全、社会网络、用水和气候变化方面更为脆弱。这个地区更容易受到气候变化的影响,尽管它的敏感度略低。另一方面,山区家庭在生计战略、土地保有权和健康方面更为脆弱,尽管他们有适应能力,这降低了他们对气候变化的脆弱性。根据这一脆弱性评估,这项工作为每个地区的生计可持续性提出了具体的适应战略和措施。
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引用次数: 2
Short Food Supply Chains: rebuilding consumers’ trust. 短食品供应链:重建消费者信任。
IF 1 4区 经济学 Q2 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2021-10-01 DOI: 10.30682/nm2104c
J. Cruz, I. Puigdueta, A. Sanz-Cobeña, M. Azcárate
Whereas population is showing increasing distrust rates in the regular agri-food system, Alternative Food Networks (AFN) are gradually gaining space. This paper analyses the role of a specific kind of AFN, Short Food Supply Chains (SFSCs) and its contribution to the restoration of consumers’ trust in Spain. An online survey (n= 423) focus on trust and concern over food safety was conducted. The survey was addressed to very concerned and active consumers, which are interesting because they represent a powerful consumers’ profile from the policies point of view. Principal Component Analysis (PCA) studied consumers’ preferences on the different SFSC categories. This paper draws a map that signals which of SFSC attributes (such as labelling, common values or direct contact with producers) are more relevant in order to build consumers’ trust. In addition, this paper offers a classification of SFSC consumers according to their priorities. The information provided by the article offers ideas to policy makers and producers for designing their marketing strategies according to different consumers’ demands.
尽管人们对常规农业食品系统的不信任率越来越高,但替代食品网络(AFN)正在逐渐获得空间。本文分析了一种特殊的AFN,即短食品供应链(SFSC)的作用及其对恢复西班牙消费者信任的贡献。进行了一项在线调查(n=423),重点关注对食品安全的信任和担忧。这项调查针对的是非常关心和活跃的消费者,这很有趣,因为从政策的角度来看,他们代表了强大的消费者形象。主成分分析(PCA)研究了消费者对不同SFSC类别的偏好。本文绘制了一张地图,表明哪些SFSC属性(如标签、共同价值观或与生产商的直接接触)更相关,以建立消费者的信任。此外,本文还根据SFSC消费者的优先级对其进行了分类。文章提供的信息为决策者和生产者根据不同消费者的需求设计营销策略提供了思路。
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引用次数: 5
Évaluation de la rentabilité et de la productivité totale des facteurs de production des exploitations céréalières : cas de la culture du blé dur au Nord de la Tunisie 谷物农场盈利能力和全要素生产率的评估:以突尼斯北部硬质小麦为例
IF 1 4区 经济学 Q2 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2021-07-01 DOI: 10.30682/nm2102h
Zouhair Rached, Boudiche Sonia, C. Ali, Khaldi Raoudha
The main objectives of this paper are to assess the production costs and to measure the total factor productivity (TFP) of durum wheat production for a sample of cereal farmers in the North of Tunisia. Our hypothesis is that improvement of these indicators can reduce the production costs and consequently the improvement of producers' incomes. To test this hypothesis, a survey was carried out with 232 cereal farms in the subhumid region in the North of Tunisia cultivating durum wheat. The reconstituted costs approach was used to estimate the production costs. The results obtained show that total costs, production costs and net margins of durum wheat vary according to the farm size. About 67% of surveyed farms make a positive net margin. The empirical results of the regression reveal that productivity is negatively affected by the farm size, the new varieties demanding water and the investments made by the farm while it is affected positively by crop rotations
本文的主要目标是评估突尼斯北部谷物农民样本的生产成本,并测量硬粒小麦生产的全要素生产率(TFP)。我们的假设是,改善这些指标可以降低生产成本,从而提高生产者的收入。为了验证这一假设,对突尼斯北部亚湿润地区种植硬粒小麦的232个谷物农场进行了调查。采用重组成本法估算生产成本。结果表明,硬粒小麦的总成本、生产成本和净利润因农场规模的不同而不同。约67%的受访农场的净利润为正。回归的实证结果表明,生产力受到农场规模、新品种对水的需求和农场投资的负面影响,而受到轮作的正面影响
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引用次数: 2
Enjeux, pratiques et contraintes pour une mise en valeur agroécologique des terres au Sahara. Cas d’un périmètre péri-oasien dans la Vallée du M’Zab (Algérie). 撒哈拉沙漠土地农业生态开发的挑战、实践和限制。m ' zab山谷(阿尔及利亚)的绿洲周边案例。
IF 1 4区 经济学 Q2 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2021-07-01 DOI: 10.30682/nm2102f
A. Benmihoub, Samia Akli, Nafissa Benabid
This article analyzes the adoption of practices face to the ecological and social issues and the constraints perception to agroecological development in the M’Zab Valley. The socioecological approach shows that the current agrosystem is “hybrid”, under the influence of the old oasis model, symbol of ecological balance, and of the conventional model, vector of both a dynamic of innovations and threats on agricultural sustainability. However, the institutional environment is perceived to be very restrictive. The application of multinomial logistic regression to explain the practices adoption and the constraints perception brings out the socio-demographic characteristics (level of education, age, pluriactivity, link with environmental association) which have a positive effect on agroecological practices; the productions (vegetables and breeding) whose effect is ambivalent; and social categories (low level of education, mono-activity, sheep and goat farming) who perceive the institutional environment rather very restrictive to the development of agroecology.
本文分析了M’zab流域农业生态发展面临的生态社会问题和制约因素。社会生态学方法表明,当前的农业系统是“混合型”的,在旧的绿洲模式(生态平衡的象征)和传统模式的影响下,既有创新的动力,也有对农业可持续性的威胁。然而,体制环境被认为是限制性很强的。应用多项逻辑回归解释实践采用和约束感知,揭示了对农业生态实践有积极影响的社会人口特征(教育水平、年龄、多元化、与环境关联的联系);影响是矛盾的产品(蔬菜和育种);社会类别(低教育水平,单一活动,绵羊和山羊养殖)认为制度环境对农业生态的发展相当有限。
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引用次数: 0
Using threshold co-integration to estimate asymmetric price transmission in the Turkish milk market 用阈值协整法估计土耳其牛奶市场的不对称价格传导
IF 1 4区 经济学 Q2 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2021-04-06 DOI: 10.30682/NM2101I
B. Tuncay, Özgür Bor
We investigate the price dynamics between retail milk price and raw milk price in the Turkish fluid milk market. The study uses monthly fluid milk prices for 14 years between January 2003 and December 2016. We analyze the price adjustment in the fluid milk market through an asymmetric error correction model with threshold co-integration. We find that the transmission between the two prices has been asymmetric in both the long term and short term period. Differences between the farm milk prices and retail milk prices may exist due to marketing costs across the supply chain and pricing policies associated with the market structure. Results of the long-run analysis indicate a significant market power in the fluid milk market. Therefore, in this asymmetric case, the deviations are likely to be the reason for the market power of the processors/retailers and the reason for the oligopolistic market structure in the sector.
我们调查的价格动态之间的零售牛奶价格和原料奶价格在土耳其液态奶市场。该研究使用了2003年1月至2016年12月间14年的每月液态奶价格。本文通过一个带有阈值协整的非对称误差修正模型对液态奶市场的价格调整进行了分析。我们发现,在长期和短期内,两种价格之间的传导都是不对称的。由于整个供应链的营销成本以及与市场结构相关的定价政策,农场牛奶价格与零售牛奶价格之间可能存在差异。长期分析的结果表明,液体牛奶市场具有显著的市场力量。因此,在这种不对称的情况下,这种偏差很可能是加工商/零售商拥有市场力量的原因,也是该行业寡头垄断市场结构的原因。
{"title":"Using threshold co-integration to estimate asymmetric price transmission in the Turkish milk market","authors":"B. Tuncay, Özgür Bor","doi":"10.30682/NM2101I","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30682/NM2101I","url":null,"abstract":"We investigate the price dynamics between retail milk price and raw milk price in the Turkish fluid milk market. The study uses monthly fluid milk prices for 14 years between January 2003 and December 2016. We analyze the price adjustment in the fluid milk market through an asymmetric error correction model with threshold co-integration. We find that the transmission between the two prices has been asymmetric in both the long term and short term period. Differences between the farm milk prices and retail milk prices may exist due to marketing costs across the supply chain and pricing policies associated with the market structure. Results of the long-run analysis indicate a significant market power in the fluid milk market. Therefore, in this asymmetric case, the deviations are likely to be the reason for the market power of the processors/retailers and the reason for the oligopolistic market structure in the sector.","PeriodicalId":54721,"journal":{"name":"New Medit","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2021-04-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45753868","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Does Human Capital Play an Important Role in Farm Size Growth? The Case of Slovenia 人力资本在农场规模增长中起重要作用吗?斯洛文尼亚的案例
IF 1 4区 经济学 Q2 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2021-04-06 DOI: 10.30682/NM2101D
Š. Bojnec, I. Fertő
The paper investigates the drivers of farm size and farm size growth in Slovenia during the period 2007-2017 using a farm-level Farm Accountancy Data Network dataset within a quantile regression framework. Farm size growth is measured by growth in utilized agricultural area per farm. The findings suggest that growth in farm land size is driven by initial farm land size and policy subsidy support. Contrary to expectations, human capital does not play an important role in either farm land size or farm land size growth according to quantile regressions. These findings from inter-quantile comparative analysis are important for farm-related structural and rural development policy.
本文使用分位数回归框架内的农场级农场会计数据网络数据集,调查了2007-2017年期间斯洛文尼亚农场规模和农场规模增长的驱动因素。农场规模增长是通过每个农场利用农业面积的增长来衡量的。研究结果表明,农业用地规模的增长受到初始农业用地规模和政策补贴支持的驱动。与预期相反,根据分位数回归,人力资本在农地规模或农地规模增长中都没有发挥重要作用。这些分位数间比较分析的发现对农业相关的结构和农村发展政策具有重要意义。
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引用次数: 3
Aggregate Supply Response in Algerian Agriculture: The Error Correction Model Applied to Selected Crops 阿尔及利亚农业的总供给响应:应用于选定作物的误差修正模型
IF 1 4区 经济学 Q2 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2021-04-06 DOI: 10.30682/NM2101F
Amine M. Benmehaia
This paper examines aggregate supply response of 19 selected crops in Algerian agriculture during the 1966-2018 period by employing cointegration analysis and error correction model (ECM). It tests whether there has been a long-run equilibrium relationship between agricultural outputs and prices, besides a confirmation about the responsiveness of agricultural supply to economic incentives (prices). Findings indicate that the long-run elasticities of all selected crops with respect to prices are statistically significant and mostly low, whereas short-run elasticities are lower, which appeals to the adequacy of adjustment to economic incentives. Furthermore, the results of the ECM confirmed the positive responsiveness to prices with differential rates of adjustment for selected crops, ruling out the applicability of a presumed perverse supply response in Algerian agriculture.
本文采用协整分析和误差修正模型(ECM)检验了1966-2018年期间阿尔及利亚农业中19种作物的总供应响应。它测试了农业产出和价格之间是否存在长期均衡关系,此外还证实了农业供应对经济激励(价格)的反应。研究结果表明,所有选定作物相对于价格的长期弹性在统计上都很显著,而且大多很低,而短期弹性较低,这表明对经济激励措施的调整是充分的。此外,ECM的结果证实了对价格的积极反应,对选定作物的调整率不同,排除了假定的反常供应反应在阿尔及利亚农业中的适用性。
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引用次数: 1
Assessment of the economic sustainability of an organic olive oil farm in Puglia region (Italy) under the voluntary regional quality scheme 在自愿区域质量计划下对普利亚地区(意大利)有机橄榄油农场的经济可持续性进行评估
IF 1 4区 经济学 Q2 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2021-04-06 DOI: 10.30682/NM2101H
Francesco Bottalico, G. Cardone, Moltine Prebibaj
Puglia region is the most important producer of organic olives in Italy. The study aims at assessing the economic sustainability of a selected organic olive oil farm by adopting and testing the methodology based on a scientific approach designed by CIHEAM Bari, with the aim of a group of experts from national and international research organisations, used in the Programme "Agricoltura&Qualità of Puglia Region. SWOT-analysis of quality schemes system in Puglia has been drawn. The case study concerns a traditional organic farm producing olive oil, table olives, and almonds in Puglia region. The SWOT analysis highlights that Puglia has not a fully functioning system to ensure the sustainability. However, the results prove the feasibility of the methodological approach to assess the economic sustainability. The farm is economically sustainable and can use the Economic sustainability logo, in addition to the organic and PDO logos. Per hectare, almond is the most profitable crop with higher revenue, the variable costs are higher in table olives and inputs are higher in olives for oil. The growing interest in sustainability is an important opportunity to develop the agri-food sector.
普利亚地区是意大利最重要的有机橄榄产地。该研究旨在通过采用和测试基于CIHEAM Bari设计的科学方法的方法来评估选定的有机橄榄油农场的经济可持续性,其目的是由来自国家和国际研究组织的一组专家在“普利亚地区农业和质量”计划中使用。对Puglia的质量方案体系进行了swot分析。本案例研究涉及普利亚地区一个生产橄榄油、食用橄榄和杏仁的传统有机农场。SWOT分析强调,普利亚没有一个功能齐全的系统,以确保可持续发展。然而,结果证明了该方法评价经济可持续性的可行性。农场在经济上是可持续发展的,除了有机和PDO标志外,还可以使用经济可持续发展标志。每公顷,杏仁是最赚钱的作物,收入更高,食用橄榄的可变成本更高,橄榄油的投入也更高。对可持续性日益增长的兴趣是发展农业食品部门的重要机遇。
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引用次数: 1
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