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Kernel naïve Bayes classifier-based cyber-risk assessment and mitigation framework for online gaming platforms Kernel naïve基于贝叶斯分类器的网络游戏平台网络风险评估与缓解框架
IF 2.9 4区 管理学 Q3 COMPUTER SCIENCE, INFORMATION SYSTEMS Pub Date : 2021-10-02 DOI: 10.1080/10919392.2021.1987790
Kalpit Sharma, Arunabha Mukhopadhyay
ABSTRACT Recently, the number and intensity of cyberattacks against massively multiplayer online (MMO) gaming platforms have increased; up to 74% of distributed denial-of-service (DDoS) attacks on MMO gaming (MMOG) firms have been launched by hackers. These malicious attacks affect gamers’ experience and MMOG firms’ revenue model. Along with financial losses, MMOG firms’ reputation also suffers from these attacks. Therefore, in this study, we devised a framework to quantify and mitigate cyber-risk for MMOG firms using a hybrid learning method, namely, a kernel naïve Bayes classifier. Our kernel naïve Bayes classifier-based cyber-risk assessment and mitigation (KB-CRAM) framework included the DDoS attack traits. Subsequently, it outputs (i) the probability of DDoS attacks; (ii) the expected financial losses; and (iii) cyber-risk mitigation strategies, such as self-protection (technology, compliance, and legal deterrence), self-insurance, or cyber-insurance. Our study contributes to field-relevant literature by providing managers with a tool to improve game performance. This framework also suggests ways in which MMOG firms can hedge losses against repeated attacks from unethical hackers.
近年来,针对大型多人在线(MMO)游戏平台的网络攻击数量和强度有所增加;针对MMO游戏(MMOG)公司的分布式拒绝服务(DDoS)攻击中,有74%是由黑客发起的。这些恶意攻击会影响玩家的游戏体验和MMOG公司的盈利模式。除了经济损失,MMOG公司的声誉也受到这些攻击的影响。因此,在本研究中,我们设计了一个框架,使用混合学习方法,即核naïve贝叶斯分类器,来量化和减轻MMOG公司的网络风险。我们的内核naïve基于贝叶斯分类器的网络风险评估和缓解(KB-CRAM)框架包括DDoS攻击特征。随后输出(i) DDoS攻击的概率;(二)预期的经济损失;(iii)网络风险缓解策略,如自我保护(技术、合规性和法律威慑)、自我保险或网络保险。我们的研究通过为管理者提供一种提高游戏表现的工具,为相关领域的文献做出了贡献。该框架还提出了MMOG公司可以对冲损失的方法,以防止不道德黑客的反复攻击。
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引用次数: 5
An exploratory study of organizational cyber resilience, its precursors and outcomes 组织网络弹性及其前兆和结果的探索性研究
IF 2.9 4区 管理学 Q3 COMPUTER SCIENCE, INFORMATION SYSTEMS Pub Date : 2021-09-17 DOI: 10.1080/10919392.2022.2068906
Elinor Tsen, Ryan K. L. Ko, S. Slapničar
ABSTRACT Evidence shows that it is paramount for stakeholders to understand the cybersecurity of relevant organizations. However, the secrecy surrounding cyber attacks and how organizations manage their cyber resilience make it impossible for stakeholders to develop this understanding. This paper analyzes organizational cyber resilience, its contextual factors and its impact on the outcomes of cyber attacks based on publicly available data. Using the PRISMA methodology, we collated and analyzed a dataset of 1,145 publicly known cyber attacks. We conceptualize and operationalize cyber resilience from a governance perspective. Our findings indicate that organizations that suffered cyber attacks had the following cyber resilience characteristics: a relatively low level of cyber resilience reflected in the low frequency of cybersecurity roles, low reliance on cybersecurity frameworks, and relatively low strength of prevention, detection, and recovery controls. Cyber resilience is found to be associated with the sector, size, and digital intensity. Linear regression indicates that, expectedly, stronger prevention, detection, and recovery processes are related to lower breach severity and occurrence of investigations or penalties, but contrary to expectations, cybersecurity roles and frameworks are not. Furthermore, better organizational responses are associated with higher breach severity but they are not found to have an impact on the level of investigations, fines, and penalties imposed. We discuss our findings and their implications for cyber resilience regulation, future research, and sector cooperation.
摘要证据表明,利益相关者了解相关组织的网络安全至关重要。然而,围绕网络攻击的保密性以及组织如何管理其网络弹性,使利益相关者无法形成这种理解。本文基于公开的数据分析了组织的网络弹性、其背景因素及其对网络攻击结果的影响。使用PRISMA方法,我们整理和分析了1145个已知网络攻击的数据集。我们从治理的角度对网络弹性进行概念化和操作化。我们的研究结果表明,遭受网络攻击的组织具有以下网络弹性特征:网络弹性水平相对较低,反映在网络安全角色的频率较低,对网络安全框架的依赖程度较低,以及预防、检测和恢复控制的强度相对较低。研究发现,网络弹性与行业、规模和数字强度有关。线性回归表明,不出所料,更强的预防、检测和恢复过程与较低的违规严重程度和调查或处罚的发生有关,但与预期相反,网络安全角色和框架并非如此。此外,更好的组织反应与更高的违规严重程度有关,但没有发现它们对调查、罚款和处罚的水平产生影响。我们讨论了我们的研究结果及其对网络弹性监管、未来研究和部门合作的影响。
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引用次数: 4
Antecedents of mobile marketing adoption by SMEs:Does industry variance matter? 中小企业采用移动营销的先决条件:行业差异是否重要?
IF 2.9 4区 管理学 Q3 COMPUTER SCIENCE, INFORMATION SYSTEMS Pub Date : 2021-07-03 DOI: 10.1080/10919392.2021.1956847
D. Maduku
ABSTRACT Although innovations such as mobile marketing offer targeting and a cost-effective approach to marketing that could be leveraged by small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs), most SMEs have shown a noticeable skepticism toward adopting the innovation. To overcome this adoption inertia, more research is necessary. This study draws on an integrated framework with theoretical considerations from the technology–organization–environment (TOE) framework to examine how factors in the technology context (relative advantage, complexity, and compatibility), the organizational context (top management support, financial resource slack, and employee mobile marketing capability) and the environmental context (mobile marketing vendor support, competitive pressure, and customer pressure) predict marketing adoption behavior by South African SMEs. Using a comparative analysis, the study further ascertains whether industry variance moderates the factors predicting mobile marketing adoption behavior between manufacturing and tourism-sector SMEs. Data for the empirical testing of the integrated framework were randomly sourced from 201 SMEs in the manufacturing and tourism sectors. The results show that relative advantage, complexity, top management support, competitive pressure, and vendor support are key drivers of mobile marketing adoption in the overall sample of manufacturing and tourism sector SMEs in South Africa. However, the results not only show different set predictors of mobile marketing adoption between the manufacturing and tourism sector SMEs: they also emphasize that the relative importance of the salient determinants of the innovation’s adoption varies across the industries, suggesting that industry variance plays a significant moderating role in mobile marketing adoption decisions across the two SME sectors that are examined. The implications of the findings for researchers and practitioners interested in promoting a more favorably disposed adoption of mobile marketing at the SME interface are discussed.
尽管诸如移动营销这样的创新为中小型企业(SMEs)提供了一种具有成本效益的营销方法,但大多数中小企业对采用这种创新表现出明显的怀疑态度。为了克服这种采用惯性,需要进行更多的研究。本研究从技术-组织-环境(TOE)框架的理论考虑中,借鉴了一个集成的框架,来研究技术背景(相对优势、复杂性和兼容性)、组织背景(高层管理支持、财务资源松弛和员工移动营销能力)和环境背景(移动营销供应商支持、竞争压力)中的因素如何影响企业对移动营销的影响。和客户压力)预测南非中小企业的营销采用行为。通过比较分析,研究进一步确定行业差异是否会调节制造业和旅游业中小企业之间移动营销采用行为的预测因素。整合框架实证检验的数据随机来自制造业和旅游业的201家中小企业。结果表明,相对优势、复杂性、高层管理支持、竞争压力和供应商支持是南非制造业和旅游业中小企业采用移动营销的关键驱动因素。然而,研究结果不仅显示了制造业和旅游业中小企业采用移动营销的不同预测因素:他们还强调了不同行业采用创新的显著决定因素的相对重要性,这表明行业差异在研究的两个中小企业部门的移动营销采用决策中起着重要的调节作用。研究结果的含义,有兴趣促进更有利地采用移动营销在中小企业界面的研究人员和从业者进行了讨论。
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引用次数: 11
MOBILE SERVICE CO-INNOVATION AND SERVICE PERFORMANCE: A SERVICE-DOMINANT LOGIC PERSPECTIVE 移动服务协同创新与服务绩效:一个服务主导的逻辑视角
IF 2.9 4区 管理学 Q3 COMPUTER SCIENCE, INFORMATION SYSTEMS Pub Date : 2021-07-03 DOI: 10.1080/10919392.2021.1966279
M. M. Luo, Yi-Chun Chen
ABSTRACT We explore how companies’ competences (operant resources) can help develop mobile service co-innovation (MSC) and the extent to which MSC can influence innovation performance. Using a Service-Dominant Logic (S-D logic) perspective, we conducted an empirical study of four industries: medical, financial, software, and logistics. Self-administered questionnaires were adopted to investigate the IT and sales departments in each firm. The results of an analysis of 164 sales managers suggested that alliance management capabilities and IT readiness influence MSC, which in turn promotes innovation performance. We also test the moderating effect of environmental turbulence on mobile service using a sample of 164 sales professionals and 94 IT professionals. We found that technology turbulence alone has no significant moderating effect on either sales or IT managers; however, the effect of environmental turbulence, the combination of technology and market turbulence, moderates the effect of operant resources, which contributes to MSC. Our findings suggest that networking activities are intangible resources that require skills and knowledge that are not grounded in routine activities. As the result, a firm’s openness to accelerating networking experience is important. This study contributes to the innovation literature by suggesting that firms should obtain and develop operant resources that promote mobile service co-innovation. Furthermore, this study contributes to the evolving S-D logic by empirically validating the concept of MSC, which complements the S-D logic literature to extend the theory toward a more comprehensive theory.
摘要:我们探讨了公司的能力(运营资源)如何帮助发展移动服务协同创新,以及移动服务协同革新在多大程度上影响创新绩效。使用服务主导逻辑(S-D逻辑)的视角,我们对四个行业进行了实证研究:医疗、金融、软件和物流。采用自我管理问卷对每家公司的IT和销售部门进行调查。对164名销售经理的分析结果表明,联盟管理能力和IT准备情况会影响MSC,进而促进创新绩效。我们还使用164名销售专业人员和94名IT专业人员的样本测试了环境动荡对移动服务的调节作用。我们发现,技术动荡本身对销售或IT经理都没有显著的调节作用;然而,环境动荡的影响,技术和市场动荡的结合,调节了运营资源的影响,这有助于MSC。我们的研究结果表明,网络活动是无形的资源,需要不以日常活动为基础的技能和知识。因此,一家公司对加速网络体验的开放性很重要。本研究建议企业应获得和开发促进移动服务协同创新的运营资源,从而为创新文献做出贡献。此外,本研究通过实证验证MSC的概念,为S-D逻辑的发展做出了贡献,它补充了S-D逻辑文献,将理论扩展到更全面的理论。
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引用次数: 0
The bright and dark of consumers’ online brand defending behaviors: exploring their enablers, realization, and impacts 消费者网络品牌保护行为的光明与黑暗:探索其促成因素、实现方式和影响
IF 2.9 4区 管理学 Q3 COMPUTER SCIENCE, INFORMATION SYSTEMS Pub Date : 2021-07-03 DOI: 10.1080/10919392.2021.1949192
Cheuk Hang Au, Kevin K. W. Ho, Kris M. Y. Law
ABSTRACT It is increasingly popular for Internet users to comment or criticize the products or services they have used or experienced. However, other consumers may not agree with or may even defend against these critics or comments. These consumers’ brand defending behaviors, especially in online contexts, may lead to Consumer-to-Consumer (C2C) conflicts and damages on electronic word-of-mouth (eWOM). Still, the concept of brand defending has not been fully established. Furthermore, researchers have not adequately explored how these behaviors are triggered and how these would affect the brand and other stakeholders. By conducting a netnographic case study on an aviation-related online community, we identified the enablers and styles of consumers’ online brand defending behaviors and their impacts on the brands, alongside the theoretical and practical implications.
摘要互联网用户对他们使用或体验过的产品或服务进行评论或批评越来越普遍。然而,其他消费者可能不同意,甚至可能对这些批评或评论进行辩护。这些消费者的品牌保护行为,尤其是在网络环境中,可能会导致消费者对消费者(C2C)的冲突和对电子口碑的损害。然而,品牌保护的概念还没有完全建立起来。此外,研究人员还没有充分探索这些行为是如何被触发的,以及这些行为将如何影响品牌和其他利益相关者。通过对一个航空相关在线社区进行网络案例研究,我们确定了消费者在线品牌防御行为的促成因素和风格及其对品牌的影响,以及理论和实践意义。
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引用次数: 2
AN ANALYSIS OF INFORMATION SYSTEMS RESEARCHER AND COLLABORATION RANKINGS 信息系统研究人员和合作排名分析
IF 2.9 4区 管理学 Q3 COMPUTER SCIENCE, INFORMATION SYSTEMS Pub Date : 2021-07-03 DOI: 10.1080/10919392.2021.1975477
D. O’Leary
ABSTRACT This paper investigates a career database with a ranking of researchers, over the time period 1960–2019 based on a composite measure of Scopus citations, using the H-index, H-M-index and other metrics. This paper drills down on those researchers for which information systems is characterized as their primary focus. In so doing we investigate issues, related to collaboration and other concerns. In addition, the paper compares that set of rankings to a set of rankings for information systems researchers based on Google Scholar H-index, which allows us to compare Scopus H-index, Scopus H-M index and other analytics for those researchers.
本文基于Scopus引文的综合度量,使用H-index、H-M-index和其他指标,对1960-2019年期间具有研究人员排名的职业数据库进行了研究。本文深入探讨了那些以信息系统为主要研究对象的研究人员。在这样做的过程中,我们调查了与协作和其他关注点相关的问题。此外,本文将这组排名与基于谷歌Scholar H-index的信息系统研究人员的一组排名进行了比较,这使得我们可以比较这些研究人员的Scopus H-index、Scopus H-M index和其他分析。
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引用次数: 0
CHARITY ORGANIZATIONS ADOPTING VIRTUAL REALITY MODALITY: THEORIZATION AND VALIDATION 慈善组织采用虚拟现实模式:理论与验证
IF 2.9 4区 管理学 Q3 COMPUTER SCIENCE, INFORMATION SYSTEMS Pub Date : 2021-06-07 DOI: 10.1080/10919392.2021.1926843
S. Tsai
ABSTRACT Communicators of charity organizations have begun to adopt virtual reality modality to draw in more donors in recent years. However, there is still a lack of comprehensive theoretical exploration and empirical verification on the avenues that may optimize the function of virtual reality modality for communication conducted by charity organizations. To fill this gap, the current study proposes and validates a framework based on integrative extension of theories pertaining to enactive cognition, media affordances, and personal norm. As the research result suggests, the five immersive affordance attributes of vividness, authenticity, coherence, interactivity, and controllability are primary facilitators of empathy and personal norm activation in the virtual reality context. The type of virtual reality modality, which provides immersive affordance attributes to exercise the transformative change effect, serves to elicit charitable donation intention through evocation of empathy and personal norm activation as the two key mediators. More noteworthy, the positive impact of empathy on charitable donation intention significantly increases due to the partial mediating effect of personal norm activation. Overall, the research result contributes to enhancing the effectiveness of communication conducted by charity organizations.
近年来,慈善组织的传播者开始采用虚拟现实的方式来吸引更多的捐赠者。然而,对于如何优化虚拟现实模式在慈善组织传播中的作用,目前还缺乏全面的理论探索和实证验证。为了填补这一空白,本研究提出并验证了一个基于行为认知、媒体可供性和个人规范等理论综合扩展的框架。研究结果表明,在虚拟现实环境中,生动性、真实性、连贯性、互动性和可控性这五个沉浸式可供性属性是移情和个人规范激活的主要促进因素。这种虚拟现实模式提供了身临其境的可供性属性来发挥变革效应,通过唤起同理心和个人规范激活这两个关键中介来引发慈善捐赠意向。更值得注意的是,由于个人规范激活的部分中介作用,移情对慈善捐赠意愿的正向影响显著增加。总体而言,研究结果有助于提高慈善组织进行沟通的有效性。
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引用次数: 2
LES MISÉRABLES: The Tale of COVID-19 and Role of Information LES MISÉRABLES: COVID-19的故事和信息的作用
IF 2.9 4区 管理学 Q3 COMPUTER SCIENCE, INFORMATION SYSTEMS Pub Date : 2021-04-03 DOI: 10.1080/10919392.2021.1904093
Aaron M. French, V. Storey, L. Wallace
ABSTRACT As researchers, scientists, and the general public strive to understand and manage COVID-19, many people search the internet for clues that might help them understand and react to the virus in an informed manner. Social media has become a primary source of news for many, but it can also be a hindrance in managing crisis situations due to the prevalence of fake news. This paper reports on a survey administered to social media users during the first wave of the pandemic to identify perceptions and areas of conflict that influenced society’s ability to understand and contain the pandemic. Applying conflict resolution theory to the survey results enabled us to identify major issues related to the management of COVID-19, from which we made recommendations for the roles that information systems research can play in handling future pandemics or other crises. The recommendations are divided into the two general categories of media trust and crisis containment.
随着研究人员、科学家和公众努力了解和管理COVID-19,许多人在互联网上搜索线索,以帮助他们以知情的方式了解和应对病毒。社交媒体已成为许多人的主要新闻来源,但由于假新闻的盛行,社交媒体也可能成为管理危机局势的障碍。本文报告了在大流行第一波期间对社交媒体用户进行的一项调查,以确定影响社会理解和控制大流行能力的观念和冲突领域。将冲突解决理论应用于调查结果,使我们能够确定与COVID-19管理相关的主要问题,并据此提出信息系统研究在处理未来大流行或其他危机中可以发挥的作用的建议。这些建议分为信任媒体和遏制危机两大类。
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引用次数: 3
The Journal of Organizational Computing and Electronic Commerce: An Analysis of Its Impact on the Information Systems Field in the 21st Century 组织计算与电子商务:对21世纪信息系统领域的影响分析
IF 2.9 4区 管理学 Q3 COMPUTER SCIENCE, INFORMATION SYSTEMS Pub Date : 2021-04-03 DOI: 10.1080/10919392.2021.1920187
Aaron M. French, V. Storey
ABSTRACT The Journal of Organizational Computing and Electronic Commerce (JOCEC) is entering its 31st year since its inception. This paper examines the history and impact of JOCEC and highlights its significant contributions. We analyze the impact of the journal’s research articles using emerging metrics, such as CrossRef, Google Citations, and Altmetrics. The results show the relationship between these new metrics and views and citation counts. We also identify the most influential publications, authors, and topics over the past 30 years.
《组织计算与电子商务杂志》(JOCEC)自创刊以来已进入第31个年头。本文考察了中欧经济合作中心的历史和影响,并强调了它的重要贡献。我们使用新兴指标(如CrossRef、谷歌引文和Altmetrics)来分析期刊研究文章的影响。结果显示了这些新指标与浏览量和引用数之间的关系。我们还确定了过去30年来最具影响力的出版物、作者和主题。
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引用次数: 3
Beyond the Hype: Robotic Process Automation's Public Perception Over Time 超越炒作:机器人过程自动化的公众认知
IF 2.9 4区 管理学 Q3 COMPUTER SCIENCE, INFORMATION SYSTEMS Pub Date : 2021-04-03 DOI: 10.1080/10919392.2021.1911586
Ingo Kregel, Julian Koch, Ralf Plattfaut
ABSTRACT The perception of emerging technologies such as Robotic Process Automation (RPA) goes through the phases of emergence, growth, and maturity. In the emergence phase, potential users of the technology naturally have unrealistic expectations of high performance. The expected positive impact of the technology drives the subsequent growth phase. Later, these exaggerated expectations increasingly give way to realistic assessments until a maturity phase is reached. The current academic debate on RPA argues that there is also a fear narrative that hinders wider adoption of this technology. In this article, we present an analysis of over 95,000 news articles on RPA published between 2015 and September 2020 to study the public perception of RPA. We employ sentiment analysis and topic modeling to evaluate positive/negative and subjective/objective views as well as major topics identified in news media. Based on this analysis, we demonstrate that RPA can now be considered a mature technology which seems to have passed a hype without enduring a large dip in expectations. Building on these insights, this article discusses some potential avenues for future research “beyond the hype”.
对机器人过程自动化(RPA)等新兴技术的认知经历了出现、成长和成熟的阶段。在出现阶段,该技术的潜在用户自然会对高性能抱有不切实际的期望。预期的技术积极影响推动了随后的增长阶段。后来,这些夸大的期望逐渐让位于现实的评估,直到达到成熟阶段。目前关于RPA的学术辩论认为,还有一种恐惧的说法阻碍了这项技术的广泛采用。在本文中,我们分析了2015年至2020年9月期间发表的95,000多篇关于RPA的新闻文章,以研究公众对RPA的看法。我们使用情感分析和话题建模来评估积极/消极和主观/客观的观点以及新闻媒体中确定的主要话题。基于这一分析,我们证明RPA现在可以被认为是一种成熟的技术,它似乎已经通过了炒作,而没有承受期望的大幅下降。在这些见解的基础上,本文讨论了“超越炒作”的未来研究的一些潜在途径。
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引用次数: 10
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Journal of Organizational Computing and Electronic Commerce
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