This study investigates the vapor-liquid equilibrium behavior of binary mixtures comprising tri-substituted imidazolium ionic liquids with either ethanol or water, combining experimental analysis with molecular-level insights. The ionic liquids used in this research are 1-ethyl-2,3-dimethylimidazolium bromide ([C2MMIm][Br]) and 1-ethyl-2,3-dimethylimidazolium chloride ([C2MMIm][Cl]). The investigation focuses on the effects of temperature, the type of ionic liquid, and the amount of ionic liquid added on the vapor pressure of these binary systems. The experimental data are fitted using the NRTL, Electrolyte NRTL and Wilson models to determine the binary interaction parameters. Furthermore, this study evaluates the influence of different ionic liquids on the vapor pressure of the binary systems to assess the strength of intermolecular interactions between the ionic liquids and ethanol or water. Molecular-level analyses, including surface charge density, dipole moment, and excess enthalpy, are conducted using the COSMO-RS model to explore the interactions between the ionic liquids and solvents, thereby providing theoretical insights into the phase equilibrium behavior. These investigations offer fundamental data essential for the engineering design and large-scale application of ionic liquid extractive distillation processes.
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